x'nfs P]g, @)!

(
nfndf]x/ / k|sfzg ldlt
@)!(.!@.#).^
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g nfndf]x/ / k|sfzg ldlt
!= s]xL g]kfn sfg"g -;+zf]wg / k'gM Joj:yfkg_ P]g, @)@) @)@).!!.!^
@= x'nfs -k|yd ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)#) @)#).!@.!!.!
#= Gofo k|zf;g ;'wf/ P]g, @)#! @)#!.$.!*.^
$= Gofo k|zf;g ;'wf/ -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$# @)$#.&.@$
%= x'nfs -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$$ @)$$.&.!
^= x'nfs -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$% @)$%.&.!)
&= ;~rf/ ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)$& @)$&.&.!$
*= Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* @)$*.@.!^
(= x'nfs -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)%) @)%).^.@&
@)!( ;fnsf] P]g g+= %)
x'nfs ;DaGwL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg / Plss/0f ug{ ag]sf]
P]g
k|:tfjgf M
;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] ;'ljwf sfod /fVg x'nfs ;DaGwL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{
;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f ug'{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n],
>L % dxf/fhflw/fh dx]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jaf6 g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f (# cg';f/ of]
P]g agfO{aS;]sf] 5 .
kl/R5]b – !
k|f /lDes
!= ;+l IfKt gfd, lj:tf/ / k|f /De M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd æx'nfs P]g, @)!(Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] P]g g]kfne/ nfu" x'g]5 / g]kfn aflx/ /x]sf g]kfnL gful/snfO{
klg nfu" x'g]5 .

✇
s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg / k'gM Joj:yfkg P]g, @)@) åf/f ;+zf]lwt .

1
 -#_ bkmf #!, bkmf #@ / kl/R5]b * g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf
;"rgf k|sflzt u/L tf]lslbPsf] ldltb]lv / c? bkmfx? t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5g\ .<
@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,–
-s_ ædxflgb]{zsÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'nfs ;]jf ljefusf] dxflgb]{zs
;D´g' k5{ . of] zAbn] ;f] ljefusf] dxf–lgb]{zssf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ c?
kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .

-v_ æIf]qLo lgb]{zsÆ eGgfn] If]qLo x'nfs lgb]{zgfnosf] If]qLo lgb]{zs ;D´g'
k5{ / ;f] zAbn] If]qLo lgb]{zssf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ cGo kbflwsf/LnfO{
;d]t hgfpF5 .
-u_ æx'nfs xflsdÆ eGgfn] x'nfs c8\8fsf] d'Vo sd{rf/L ;D´g' k5{ / of]
zAbn] x'nfs xflsdsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ c? sd{rf/LnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-3_ æx'nfs jf x'nfs c8\8fÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 v8f ul/Psf] x'nfs
c8\8f ;D´g' k5{ / of] zAbn] x'nfs c8\8fsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ k|of]u
ul/Psf] h'g;'s} 3/, ejg, sf]7f, ;jf/L jf 7fpF / x'nfs j:t'x? v;fNgsf]
lgldQ x'nfs c8\8fn] /fv]sf] h'g;'s} kq d~h"iffnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-ª_ æx'nfs c8\8fsf] sd{rf/LÆ eGgfn] x'nfs c8\8fsf] sfddf nufOPsf]
h'g;'s} JolQm ;D´g'k5{ .
-r_ æx'nfs j:t'Æ eGgfn] lr7\7L, ;dfrf/kq, klqsf, a'skf]i6, gd"gf Kofs]6,
cGwf ;flxTo, k'lnGbf / x'nfsaf6 rnfg x'g ;Sg] h'g;'s} rLh jf j:t'nfO{
;d]t hgfpF5 .
-5_ ælr7\7LÆ eGgfn] lr7\7L, x'nfskq / xjfO{kqnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-h_ æcfGtl/s x'nfs j:t'Æ eGgfn] g]kfnleqsf] s'g} 7]ufgfdf 8]lne/L x'g] u/L
g]kfnleq} kf]li6Ë -x'nfs bflvn_ ul/Psf] x'nfs j:t' ;D´g' k5{ .

<ldlt @)@@.!@.@^ sf] g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ;"rgf adf]lhd kl/R5]b * ldlt @)@#.!.! b]lv k|f/De x'g]u/L
tf]lsPsf] .
✃
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

2
 -´_ æ8fFs y}nfÆ eGgfn] x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf x'nfs j:t'x? /fvL
n}hfg] y}nf, afs;, k'lnGbf jf c? vfd jf vf]nnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-`_ æx'nfs dx;'nÆ eGgfn] x'nfsaf6 rnfg ug]{ x'nfs j:t'x?df nfUg] dx;'n
;D´g' k5{ .

-6_ æx'nfs l6s6Æ eGgfn] x'nfs j:t'df nfUg] x'nfs dx;'n jf c? s'g} b:t'/
jf /sd c+lst ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgsfn]sf] l6s6 ;D´g' k5{ / ;f]
zAbn] s'g} vfd, x'nfskq jf c? s'g} j:t'df 5fk]/ ODa;\ jf ODk]|; u/]/
jf k|m]ls+u d]lzgåf/f c+lst u/]/ nufOPsf] l6s6sf] lg:;fnfO{ ;d]t
hgfpF5 .

-6!_ æx'nfs ck/fwÆ eGgfn] o; P]g adf]lhd ;hfo x'g] s;"/ ;D´g' k5{ .
-7_ s'g} x'nfs j:t'sf] ;DaGwdf æx'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfÆ eGgfn]
x'nfs j:t' x'nfs c8\8fdf 8]lne/L u/]b]lv 7]ufgfjfnfnfO{ 8]lne/L ul/Psf]
jf k7fpg]nfO{ lkmtf{ 8]lne/L ul/Psf] jf kl/R5]b–& cGtu{t km5\of{OPsf]
;do;Ddsf] cjlw ;D´g' k5{ .
-8_ s'g} x'nfs j:t'sf] ;DaGwdf æx'nfs c8\8fdf 8]lne/L ug]{Æ eGgfn] x'nfs
j:t' kf]li6+u -x'nfs bflvn_ ug{sf] lgldQ tT;DaGwL clwsf/ k|fKt
JolQmnfO{ 8]lne/L ug]{ ;D´g'k5{ .
-9_ s'g} x'nfs j:t'sf] ;DaGwdf æ7]ufgfjfnfnfO{ 8]lne/L ug]{Æ eGgfn] x'nfs
j:t' 7]ufgfjfnfsf] 3/ jf sfof{nodf jf 7]ufgfjfnf cfkm}nfO{ jf lghsf]
gf]s/ jf k|ltlglwnfO{ jf ;fdfGo k|rng cg';f/ 7]ufgfjfnfsf] gfddf
cfPsf] x'nfs j:t'sf] 8]lne/L lng clwsf/ ePsf] eGg] dflgPsf] c?
JolQmnfO{ 8]lne/L ug]{ ;D´g' k5{ .
-0f_ ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsP adf]lhdÆ eGgfn] of] P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodx?df
tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhd ;D´g' k5{ .

☛
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
✍
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

3
 kl/R5]
kl/R5 ]b – @
Psflwsf/ / bfloTj
#= lr6\
lr6 7Lx?
\7 Lx? cf]; fg]{ Psflwsf/ g]k fn ;/sf/df ;'/ lIft /xg] M g]kfnleq g]kfn
;/sf/af6 x'nfs Joj:yf rnfOPsf 7fpFx?df b]xfo adf]lhd afx]s lr6\7Lx?
cf];fg{ / ;f] sfdsf] lgldQ lr6\7Lx? k|fKt ug]{, hDdf ug]{, k7fpg], rnfg ug]{,
8]lne/L ug]{ / tT;DaGwL c? ;]jfx?sf] ;+rfng ug]{ Psflwsf/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
x'g]5 M–
-s_ af6f]df, e|d0fdf jf ofqfdf s;}n] s;}nfO{ 8]lne/L ul/lbg' egL lbPsf]
lr6\7L, s'g} lsl;dsf] Hofnf, Ogfd jf d'gfkmf glnO{ 7]ufgfjfnfnfO{
8]lne/L ug]{ .
-v_ k7fpg] jf kfpg]sf] sf/f]af/l;t dfq ;DaGw ePsf] lr6\7L s'g} ljz]if
JolQm dfkm{t\ k7fpg], /
-u_ hn, :yn jf xjfO{ dfu{af6 dfn;fdfgx? k7fpFbf ;Fu;Fu} k7fOPsf] ;f]
dfn;fdfgl;t dfq ;DaGw ePsf] lr6\7L s'g} lsl;dsf] Hofnf, Ogfd jf
d'gfkmf glnO{ 8]lne/L ug]{ .
t/ o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_ df n]lvP
adf]lhdsf lr6\7Lx? x'nfsaf6 afx]s c? ;fwgaf6 k7fpg egL hDdf ug{
s'g} JolQmnfO{ clwsf/ lbPsf] dflgg]5}g .

-3_ jfo' ;]jfåf/f ;+rflnt Po/ 8s'd]G6 k7fpg] jf 8]lne/L ug]{ .

#s= lghL If]qnfO{ x'n fs ;]jf ;+r fng ug{ Ohfht kq lbg ;lsg] M -!_ o; P]gsf] cGo
bkmfx?df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{
tf]lsPsf] zt{x?sf] cwLgdf /xL o; P]g adf]lhd ;+rfng x'g] x'nfs ;]jf ;+rfng
ug{sf] lgldQ Ohfhtkq lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkq k|fKt JolQm jf ;+:yfn] kfng ug'{
kg]{ zt{x? jf of] P]g jf o; P]g cGt/ut ag]sf] lgod ljk/Lt s'g} sfd

✔
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
☎
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk

4
 u/]u/fPdf To:tf] JolQm jf ;+:yfaf6 ePsf] Ifltsf] xhf{gf e/fO{ s;"/sf] dfqf x]/L
kfFr jif{;Dd s}b jf b'O{ xhf/ kfFr;o ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'a} ;hfo x'g]5 .
$= lr6\
lr6 7Lx?
\7 Lx? cf]; fg{ gkfpg] JolQmx? M g]kfnleq g]kfn ;/sf/af6 x'nfs Joj:yf
rnfO{Psf 7fpFx?df ofqL jf ;fdfg cf];fg]{ ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf lghsf] dflg; jf
k|ltlglwn] cfkmgf] ;jf/Ldf ePsf] dfn;fdfgl;t dfq ;DaGw ePsf] afx]s c?
lr6\7Lx? s;}nfO{ 8]lne/L ug{ jf 8]lne/L ug{ egL lng, hDdf ug{, cf];fg{ jf
c?nfO{ lbg dgfxL ul/Psf] 5 .
%= g]k fn ;/sf/sf] bfloTj gx'g ] M of] P]gsf c? bkmfx?df cs}{ s'/f n]lvPsf]df afx]s
x'nfs j:t'x? x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf x/fPdf unt 8]lne/L ePdf jf
9Lnf] 8]lne/L ePdf jf gf]S;fg ePdf To:tf] bfloTj g]kfn ;/sf/n] Joxf]g{ kg]{
5}g / hfn;fhL jf hfgfhfg ukmntn] eP u/]sf]df afx]s pk/f]Qm s'/fdf x'nfs
c8\8fsf] sd{rf/Ln] klg bfloTj Joxf]g{ kg]{ 5}g .

%s= 8fFs 9'jfgL ug'{ kg]{ M s'g} ;fj{hlgs oftfoft ;]jf ;+rfng ug]{ s'g} JolQm jf
;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] 8fFs 9'jfgL ug{ cg'/f]w u/]df To:tf] JolQm jf ;+:yfn]
klg ofq' jf dfn;fdfgnfO{ eGbf a9L k|yfldstf lbO{ clgjfo{ ?kn] To:tf] 8fFs
9'jfgL ug'{kg]{5 / ;f] 9'jfgL u/] afkt ;DalGwt JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ d'gfl;a
dflkmssf] ef8f lbOg]5 .

%v= 3f6 7]S sf lng]n fO{ 8fFs lgMz'N s tfg{ sa'l not u/fpg' kg]
kg { M-!_ k|rlnt g]kfn
sfg"g adf]lhd 3f6 7]Ssf lbg] clwsf/k|fKt sfof{no jf ;+:yfn] To:tf] 7]Ssf lb+bf
g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ;+rflnt x'nfs Joj:yf ;DaGwL 8fFs lgMz'Ns tfg]{5' egL 7]Ssf
lng]nfO{ sa'lnot u/fpg' kg]5
{ .
-@_ of] P]g k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 ePsf 3f6 7]Ssfx?sf ;DaGwdf
lgMz'Ns 8fFs tfg]{ Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] 7]s]bf/;Fu 5'§} Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

%u= ;do tflnsfdf a:g' gkg]{ M g]kfn ;/sf/af6 9'jfgL ef8f lng] u/L jf lgMz'Ns
?kdf 8fFs 9'jfgL ug{ Ohfht kfPsf ;fj{hlgs oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ JolQm

✔
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
✍
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

5
 jf ;+:yfnfO{ x'nfs ;]jf ljefun] oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{ ;do tflnsf
tf]lslbPsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL adf]lhd ;~rfng ug'{kg]{5 .

%3= 8fFs kl/jxg u/fpg] ljz]i f bfloTj M 8fFs lgwf{l/t ;do tflnsf adf]lhd kl/jxg

u/fpFbf s'g} sl7gfO{ cfO k/]df cfjZos ;xof]u ug'{ ;DalGwt :yfgLo k|zf;g,
k|x/L tyf :yfgLo gu/kflnsf jf ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b – #
x'nfs dx;'n
^= cfGtl/s x'n fs dx;'n tf]S g] clwsf/ M -!_g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf
;"rgf k|sflzt u/L cfGtl/s x'nfsaf6 k7fOg] ;a} k|sf/sf] x'nfs j:t'x?df nfUg]
dx;'n / c? b:t'/ tf]Sg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] dx;'n / b:t'/ c;'n ubf{sf] zt{ /
aGb]hx?sf] ;DaGwdf lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L s] s:tf]
j:t'x?nfO{ cfGtl/s x'nfsaf6 k7fpg ;lsG5 eGg] s'/f tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
&= x'n fs dx;'n / c? b:t'/ sf] e'QmfgL ;DaGwL lgodx? agfpg] clwsf/ M g]kfn
;/sf/n] lgodx? agfO{ b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-s_ s] s:tf] cfGtl/s x'nfs j:t'x?df cufj} x'nfs dx;'n ltg'{ kg]{ / To;sf]
tl/sf af/],
-v_ x'nfs dx;'n cufj} glt/]sf] jf gk'u u/L lt/]sf]df nfUg] yk x'nfs
dx;'n,
-u_ x'nfs j:t'x? k7fpg] sxfF lkmtf{ k7fpg] / ;f] jfkt nfUg] yk b:t'/,
-3_ x'nfs j:t'x? ljz]if 8fFsåf/f k7fpFbf nfUg] yk b:t'/ /
-ª_ x'nfs j:t'x? lgwf{l/t ;do g3fO{ jf ;fj{hlgs ljbfsf] lbg x'nfsaf6
k7fpg nfUg] ljz]if b:t'/ .
:ki6Ls/0f M ljz]if 8fFs eGgfn] ljz]if x'nfsL jf ljz]if ;jf/Laf6 k7fOg]
8fFs ;D´g'k5{ .
✍
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
✃
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

6

*= j}b ]l zs x'n fs dx;'n tf]S g] g]k fn ;/sf/sf] clwsf/ M -!_ x'nfs j:t'x?
x'nfsaf6 cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf o'lge;{n kf]i6n o'lgog ljZj x'nfs ;+3sf]
;b:o /fi6« jf cGo s'g} ljb]zL /fi6«;Fu g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;D´f}tf ePsf]df ;f]xL
;D´f}tf adf]lhdsf] cfwf/df / ;D´f}tf gePsf]df ;b:o /fi6«sf] xsdf eP ljZj
x'nfs ;+3sf] sGe]G;gsf] cwf/df / ;b:o /fi6« gePsf cGo s'g} ljb]zL /fi6«sf
xsdf eP cfk;L ;d´bf/Lsf] cfwf/df x'nfs j:t'x? k7fpFbf nfUg] x'nfs dx;'n
/ c? b:t'/x? g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tf]s]sf] dx;'n / b:t'/ c;'n ubf{sf] zt{
aGb]hx?sf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 .
(= 7]u fgfjfnfn] ltg'{k g]{ x'n fs dx;'n M -!_ x'nfs dx;'n jf b:t'/ cufj} e'QmfgL
gePsf] jf gk'u e'QmfgL ePsf] x'nfs j:t'sf] nfUg] x'nfs dx;'n jf c? b:t'/ ;f]
x'nfs j:t'sf] 8]lne/L lng] 7]ufgfjfnfn] ltg'{ k5{ . To:tf] x'nfs j:t' gvf]nL
lkmtf{ u/]df eg] 7]ufgfjfnfn] ltg'{ kg]{ 5}g .
t/ 7]ufgfjfnfnfO{ b'Mv lbg] vf; ablgotn] s'g} x'nfs j:t'df nfUg] x'nfs
dx;'n jf c? b:t'/ cufj} e'QmfgL gu/L jf gk'u e'QmfgL u/L k7fPsf] xf] eGg]
lgoGqsnfO{ nfu]df lghn] pQm dx;'n jf b:t'/ ldgfxf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ 7]ufgfjfnfn] pQm dx;'n jf b:t'/ ltg{ OGsf/ u/]df jf x'nfsj:t'
gvf]nL lkmtf{ u/]df jf lghsf] d[To' ePdf jf lgh km]nf gk/]df pQm dx;'n jf
b:t'/ x'nfs j:t' k7fpg] JolQmn] ltg'{ kg]{5 .
!)= x'n fs dx;'n jf c? /sdx? c;"n ubf{sf] M x'nfs dx;'n jf c? b:t'/ jfkt
s'g} JolQm pk/ nfu]sf] s'g} /sd lghn] ltg{ OGsf/ u/]df x'nfs xflsdn] k|rlnt
g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd nfu]sf] hl/jfgf c;"n ubf{sf] sfo{ k|0ffnL / clwsf/ k|of]u
u/L ;f] /sd c;'n pk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] JolQmn] afFsL /sd glt/];Dd lghsf]
gfddf cfPsf] ;/sf/L jfx]s c? x'nfs j:t'x? 8]lne/L gu/L /f]Ssf /fVg ;Sg]5 .
!!= x'n fs c8\
c8 8fn]
\8 fn] lt/]sf] eG;f/ dx;'n x'n fs dx;'n ;/x c;"n ul/g] M g]kfn
aflx/af6 x'nfsåf/f k|fKt x'g cfPsf] s'g} x'nfs j:t'df nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n x'nfs

☛
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

7
 c8\8fn] ltl/;s]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] /sd x'nfs dx;'n ;/x ;DalGwt JolQmaf6
c;"n pk/ ul/g]5 .
!@= x'n fs c8\
c8 8fsf]
\8 fsf] 5fk k|df0f nfUg]
nfUg M -!_ s'g} x'nfs j:t' jfkt of] P]g cGtu{t c;"n
pk/ ug'{kg]{ egL bfjL ul/Psf] x'nfs dx;'n jf c? b:t'/ pk/ ug]{ sf/jfO{df M–
-s_ To;sf] 7]ufgfjfnfn] a'l´lng] OGsf/ u/]sf] jf lghsf] d[To'
ePsf] jf lgh km]nf gk/]sf] eGg] Joxf]/f hgfO{ To;df
x'nfs c8\8fsf] 5fk;d]t nufO{ k]z ul/Psf]df n]lvP
adf]lhdsf] Joxf]/f ;fFrf] xf] eGg] k|df0f nfUg]5 .
-v_ ;f] j:t' h;n] k7fPsf] egL cg'dfg nufO{Psf] 5, cGoyf
k|dfl0ft geP;Dd ;f]xL dfGo x'g]5 .
-@_ s'g} x'nfs j:t'df nfUg] x'nfs dx;'n jf c? b:t'/sf] c+s hgfO{
To;df x'nfs c8\8fsf] 5fk ;d]t nufO{Psf]df n]lvP adf]lhdsf] Joxf]/f ;fFrf]
eGg] k|df0f nfUg]5 .
kl/R5]b – $
x'nfs l6s6x?
!#= x'n fs l6s6x?sf] Joj:yf ug]{ / tT;DaGwL lgodx? agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_ of]
P]gsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ cfjZos ljleGg k|sf/ / d"Nosf x'nfs l6s6x?sf]
Joj:yf ug]{ / k|rngdf Nofpg] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ g]kfn ;/sf/df /xg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] vf; u/]/ b]xfosf
s'/fx?sf] klg Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ x'nfs l6s6sf] laqmL b/ tf]Sg],
-v_ x'nfs dx;'n jf c? b:t'/ r'Qmf ug{sf] lgldQ x'nfs
j:t'sf] >]0fL tf]Sg],
-u_ Kjfn k/]sf, RofltPsf, ljs[t ePsf / To:t} c? l6s6
k|rngdf Nofpg g;lsg] cj:yf tf]Sg],
-3_ x'nfs l6s6sf] lhDdf, laqmL ljt/0f / k|of]u lgoldt ug]{,

☛
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

8
 -ª_ x'nfs l6s6 laqmL ug{ kfpg] u}/;/sf/L JolQm / lghn]
laqmL ubf{ kfng ug'{kg]{ zt{ tyf aGb]hx? tf]Sg],
-r_ x'nfs l6s6 laqmL ug]{ u}/;/sf/L JolQmsf] st{Jo tyf
kfl/>lds tf]Sg],
-5_ cGt//fli6«o hjfkmLkq -s"kg_ k|rngdf Nofpg] / To;sf]
;6xL b/ tf]Sg],
-h_ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3af6 laqmLsf] nflu k|fKt l6s6x? laqmL ug]{ .

kl/R5]b – %
x'nfs j:t'x? rnfg
r nfg ubf{sf] zt{x?
!$= btf{ ePsf ;dfrf/kq klqsfsf] ;DaGwdf lgodx? agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_
;dfrf/kq klqsfx?nfO{ btf{ u/L cfGtl/s x'nfsaf6 rnfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf / btf{
ug{ nfUg] b:t'/sf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ btf{ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu hDd} jf clwsf+z efudf lj1fkg ;lxt

jf /lxt ;fdlos va/ / tT;DaGwL c? n]vx? ePsf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|To]s
k|sfzgnfO{ ;dfrf/kq klqsf dflgg]5 M–
-s_ #@ lbg jf ;f] eGbf sd cjlwdf qmdzM k|sflzt x'g], /
-v_ u|fxsx?sf] ;fFrf] ;"rL ePsf] .
-#_ Pp6} ldltdf cltl/Qmf+s jf k'/s c+s u/L s'g} ;dfrf/kq
klqsfsf] ;fy;fy} lgsflnPsf] kq–klqsfnfO{ klg ;dfrf/kq klqsfs} c+u
dflgg]5 .
t/ ;dfrf/kq klqsfdf h:t} hDd} jf clwsf+z efu lj1fkg;lxt jf

/lxt ;fdlos va/ / tT;DaGwL c? n]vx? ePsf] / k|To]s k[i7sf] lz/df
;dfrf/ kq–klqsfsf] gfd, ldlt 5flkPsf] geO{ To:tf] c+snfO{ ;dfrf/kq
klqsfsf] c+s dflgg] 5}g .

☛
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

9
 JofVof M of] bkmf jf o; bkmf cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx?df n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn]
;dfrf/kq klqsfx?nfO{ cfGtl/s x'nfsaf6 k7fpg jfWo u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
!%= x'n fs j:t' k7fpg]n fO{ lkmtf{ ug]
ug { M -!_ x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{ s'g} x'nfs j:t'nfO{
7]ufgfjfnfsf] d~h'/L ljgf / tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] c? zt{x?sf] cwLgdf /xL
k7fpg]nfO{ lkmtf{ ug]{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfO{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx?df Joj:yf ul/Pdf afx]s s;}n]
s'g} x'nfs j:t'nfO{ x'nfsaf6 k7fO;s]kl5 lkmtf{ dfUg kfpg] 5}g .
!^= x'n fsaf6 k7fpg gx'g ] a:t'x ? M -!_b]xfosf j:t'x? x'nfsaf6 k7fpg lgif]w
ul/Psf] 5 M–
-s_ ljikmf]6s, vt/gfs, l3gnfUbf], c:jf:ys/ jf xflgsf/s
j:t' arfpsf] k|jGw gePsf] ltvf]wf/ jf r'Rrf] ePsf]
xltof/ jf x'nfsaf6 rnfg x'Fbf :jefjtM c? x'nfs
j:t'x?nfO{ jf x'nfs c8\8fsf sd{rf/LnfO{ xflg k'¥ofpg
;Sg] c? lrh j:t' jf hLjhGt',
-v_ cZnLn ckdfghgs, clzi6, /fhb|f]xL, pQ]hgfTds jf
zflGt ;'/Iff vnaNofpg] zAb lrGx jf cfsf/ ePsf] x'nfs
j:t',
-u_ 5fkfvfgf / k|sfz ;DaGwL k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"gn] k|sfzg
ug{ dgfxL u/]sf] kq–klqsf, lstfa jf c? lnvt,
-3_ 5fkfvfgf / k|sfzg ;DaGwL k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"gsf] /Lt
gk'¥ofO{ ;Dkfbg ul/Psf], 5flkPsf] jf k|sflzt ul/Psf]
;dfrf/, kqklqsf,

-ª_ h'g d'n'sdf k7fOg] xf] To:tf] d'n'sn] x'nfsaf6 k7fpg
lgif]w ul/Psf] j:t'x?

-r_ k|rlnt c? g]kfn sfg"gn] jf of] P]g cGtu{t ag]sf lgodn]
x'nfsaf6 k7fpg lgif]w ul/Psf] x'nfs j:t' .
✔
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
✈
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;fljssf] v08 ª nfO{ v08 r ul/Psf] .

10

!^s= ;fwf/0f kqåf/f k7fpg gx'g ] lrhx? M s;}n] klg ;fwf/0f kqåf/f gub, r]s,
8«fˆ6 x'G8L jf To:t} cGo lrh j:t' k7fpg x'Fb}g . o;/L k7fpg gx'g] lrh j:t'
s;}n] ;fwf/0f kqaf6 k7fpFbf To:tf] lrhj:t' xflg gf]S;fgL x'g uPdf x'nfs
c8\8f To;sf] hjfkmb]xL x'g] 5}g .
!&= x'n fs j:t'x ? x'n fsaf6 k7fpg] ;DaGwdf lgodx? agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_ x'nfs
j:t'x? x'nfsaf6 k7fpg] jf 8]lne/L ug]{ ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx?
agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj
gkf/L vf; u/]/ tL lgodx?df b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ x'nfsaf6 k7fpg gx'g] j:t'x?,
-v_ x'nfsaf6 j:t'x? k7fpg ;lsg] cj:yf,
-u_ of] P]g jlv{nfk x'nfsaf6 k7fOPsf j:t'x? /f]Ssf u/L /fVg]
To:tf] sf/afxL 6'+uf] nufpg],
-3_ x'nfs j:t'x? kf]li6ª jf 8]lne/L ubf{ e/kfO{ jf lg:;f lng]
lbg] / To;sf] e/kfO{ jf lg:;f jfkt nfUg] yk b:t'/,

-ª_ x'nfs j:t'x?sf] vfd tyf vf]n, To;sf] 9fFrf, gfk,
clwstd tf}n / vfldg] j:t'x? lgoldt ug]{ / tL x'nfs
j:t'x?sf] k|of]u lgoldt ug]{,

-r_ x'nfs d~h"iff -kf]i6aS;_ sf] Joj:yf ug]{ / ;f] k|of]u u/]
jfkt nfUg] b:t'/ tf]Sg],

-5_ aGb y}nf -kf]i6 Jofu_ sf] ;x'lnot k|bfg ug]{ / ;f] afktsf]
b:t'/ tf]Sg],

-h_ cfGtl/s tyf j}b]lzs b|"t 8fFs ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ .

☎
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
☛
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
✔
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
☎
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
✉
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

11
 -#_ x'nfs j:t'x? kf]li6Ë ug]{ ;do / tl/sf dxflgb]{zsn] ;do ;dodf
cfb]zåf/f tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

!*= eG;f/ dx;'n c;'n u/L x'n fs j:t' 8]l ne/L ug]{ M -!_ ljb]zjf6 k|fKt ePsf]
x'nfs j:t'df eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] s'g} a:t' /x]sf] eP z+sf nfu]df x'nfs c8\8fn]
To:tf] x'nfs j:t'sf] 8]lne/L /f]Ssf /fVg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /f]Ssf /fv]sf] x'nfs j:t' x'nfs xflsdn]
:yfgLo eG;f/ clwsf/Lsf] /f]xj/df vf]nL eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] j:t' km]nf k/]df
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n sfod u/fO{ ;f] /sd x'nfsaf6
8]lne/L kfpg] JolQm jf :yfgLo eG;f/ sfof{nodf a'´fPsf] lg:;f k]z u/]kl5
x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L lbg]5 .
-@s_ x'nfs xflsd / :yfgLo eG;f/ clwsf/Ln] /f]Ssf /x]sf]
dfn;fdfg k|fkssf] /f]xj/df vf]nL eG;f/ dx;'n sfod ul/;s]kl5 x'nfs
c8\8fsf] ljj/0f vftfdf ;d]t x:tfIf/ ug'{kg]{5 .
-#_ eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L x'g g;s]df jf k|fksn]
8]lne/L lng grfx]df jf k|]ifsnfO{ lkmtf{ k7fpg' gkg]{ ePdf jf k|fksnfO{ ;"rgf
lbPsf] k}FtfnL; lbg;Dddf klg 8]lne/L lng gcfPdf x'nfs c8\8fn] To:tf x'nfs
j:t' lnnfd laqmL u/L To;af6 k|fKt /sd /fh:jdf cfDbfgL afFWg]5 .

!(= lgsf;L jf k}7 f/L ug{ dgfxL ePsf dfn;fdfgsf] ;DaGwdf sf/afxL ug
ug]{ M k|rlnt
sfg"g adf]lhd g]kfn clw/fHo aflx/ jf leq lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ dgfxL ePsf]
s'g} dfn;fdfg x'nfsaf6 lgsf;L k}7f/L x'g nfu]sf] 5 eGg] z+sf nfu]df To:tf
dfn;fdfg jf 8fFs g} /f]Ssf /fvL ;f] s'/fsf] tnf;L lng] jf lng nufpg] clwsf/
g]kfn ;/sf/af6 clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 . tnf;Laf6 k|fKt ePsf] lgsf;L
jf k}7f/L ug{ dgfxL ePsf] To:tf] dfn;fdfg cfjZos sfg"gL sf/jfxLsf] nflu
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf a'´fOlbg'kg]{5 .
@)= ;fj{h lgs lxtsf lgldQ k|o f]u ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ M -!_ s'g} ;fj{hlgs
;+s6sfnLg cj:yf cfOk/]df jf ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iffsf] lgldQ cfjZos k/]df

✉
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

12
 g]kfn ;/sf/ jf ;f] sfdsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/af6 clwsf/ ePsf] s'g} clws[tn]
lnlvt cfb]z k7fO{ x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfsf] s'g} vf; x'nfs j:t' jf
s'g} vf; lsl;dsf] x'nfs j:t'nfO{ ;f]xL cfb]zdf tf]lsP adf]lhd /f]Ssf u/L /fVg
jf 6'+uf] nufpg lgb]{z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;+s6sfnLg cj:yf cfOk/]sf] xf] xf]Og jf pkbkmf
-!_ cGtu{t ul/Psf] s'g} sfd ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iffsf] lgldQ xf] xf]Og eGg] k|Zg
p7]df tT;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ul/lbPsf] k|df0fkqx?nfO{ ;a"b dflgg]5 .
@!= gSsnL l6s6 jf rng ul/;s]sf] l6s6 nflu cfPsf x'n fs j:t'x?df sf/afxL

ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ gSsnL l6s6 jf rng ul/;s]sf] l6s6 nfu]sf] s'g} x'nfs
j:t' x'nfsaf6 k|fKt x'g cfPdf ;DalGwt x'nfs xflsdn] Dofb tf]sL ;f] Dofbleq
cfkm}+ jf jfl/; k7fO{ ;f] j:t' lng x'nfs c8\8fdf xflh/ x'g cfpg' egL
7]ufgfjfnfsf gfpFdf lnlvt ;"rgf k7fpg' kb{5 .
-@_ Dofbleq x'nfs c8\8fdf 7]ufgfjfnf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw xflh/ eO{
gSsnL l6s6 jf rng ul/;s]sf] l6s6 nfu]sf] / k7fpg]sf] gfd / 7]ufgf
hgfPsf] hlt lx:;f x'nfs xflsdnfO{ a'´fO{ lbg d+h'/ u/]df ;f] x'nfs j:t'
7]ufgfjfnf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwnfO{ 8]lne/L ul/lbg'k5{ .
-#_ Dofbleq 7]ufgfjfnf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw xflh/ gePdf jf xflh/
eP tfklg pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd rflxPsf] x'nfs j:t'sf] ;DalGwt efu a'´fO{ lbg
d~h'/ gu/]df To:tf] x'nfs a:t'nfO{ 7]ufgfjfnf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwnfO{ 8]lne/L
gu/L dxflgb]{zsn] tf]lslbPsf] tl/sfn] 6+'uf] nufOg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f
:ki6 Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ æx'nfs l6s6Æ eGgfn] ljb]zL d'n'ssf]
x'nfs l6s6nfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
@@= ;dfrf/–
;dfrf/ – kq klqsf / c? j:t'x ? /f]S sf ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_x'nfsaf6 k7fpg bkmf
!^ n] dgfxL u/]sf] eGg] z+sf nfu]sf] s'g} ;dfrf/kq, klqsf, lstfj jf c?

lnvtnfO{ x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf /f]Ssf ug]{ clwsf/ ;DalGwt x'nfs
xflsdnfO{ x'g]5 .

✔
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
✃
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

13
 
-@_ ;DalGwt x'nfs xflsdn] pkbkmf -!_ cGtu{t /f]Ssf ul/Psf] x'nfs
j:t'nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 tf]lsPsf] ;DalGwt clws[t 5]p a'´fO{ lbg' kb{5 /
/f]Ssf ul/Psf] s'/fsf] ;"rgf clws[tn] 7]ufgfjfnfnfO{ lbg' k5{ .

-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 clwsf/k|fKt clws[tn] hfFrL x]bf{ n]lvP
adf]lhd dgfxL ePsf] s'g} ;dfrf/, kqklqsf, lstfj jf c? lnvt ePsf] eGg]
nfu]df cfkm"n] plrt b]v] adf]lhdsf] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] s'g} s'/f ePsf]
eGg] gnfu]df / tTsfn k|rlnt c? g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd klg sAhf ug'{kg]{
gePdf, To:tf] x'nfs j:t'nfO{ km's'jf ul/lbg]5 .
t/–
-s_ To;/L /f]Ssf ePsf] x'nfs j:t';Fu ;/f]sf/ ePsf] s'g} JolQmn] /f]Ssf

ePsf] ldltn] @ dlxgfleq ;f] j:t' km's'jf u/L kfpF eGg] g]kfn
;/sf/af6 clwsf/ k|fKt clws[t;dIf lgj]bgkq lbg ;Sg]5 / ;f]
clws[tn] To:tf] lgj]bgkq pk/ ljrf/ u/L cfkm"n] plrt b]v]sf]
cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-v_ /f]Ssf ul/Psf] x'nfs j:t' km's'jf u/L kfpF eGg] s'g} lgj]bg c:jLs[t
ePdf lgj]bsn] c:jLs[tsf] cfb]zsf] ;"rgf kfPsf ldltn] @

dlxgfleq x'nfs j:t' km's'jf u/fO{ kfpF egL k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf

lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 / k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf lgj]bg lbFbf /f]Ssf ePsf]
x'nfs j:t'df bkmf !^ n] dgfxL ePsf] ;dfrf/kq, klqsf, lstfj jf
c? lnvt lyPg eGg] s'/fsf] cfwf/ lnPsf] x'g'k5{ .
@#=
=======================
@$= clwsf/ If]qdf k|l taGw M bkmf @@ cGtu{t lbOPsf] s'g} cfb]z jf ul/Psf] s'g}
sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf ;f] bkmfsf] pkbkmf -#_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z -v_
adf]lhd afx]s s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .

❏
Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* åf/f ;+zf]lwt .
❐
Gofo k|zf;g ;'wf/ -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)## åf/f vf/]h .

14
 kl/R5]b — ^
/lhi6/L, aLdf / d"Nob]o x'nfs
@%= x'n fs j:t'x ?sf]
?s f] /lhi6/L M x'nfsaf6 x'nfsj:t' k7fpg]n] of] P]gsf] c? bkmfx?df
n]lvPsf s'/fx?sf] cwLgdf /xL ;f] x'nfs j:t'nfO{ /lhi6/ u/fpg ;Sg]5 /
To;sf] /l;b lng ;Sg]5 . ;fwf/0f x'nfsaf6 k7fpFbf nfUg] x'nfs dx;'n dfly
/lhi6/L jfkt nfUg] c? yk b:t'/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt
ul/ tf]Sg ;sg]5 .
@^= /lhi6/Lsf] ;DaGwdf lgodx? agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_x'nfs j:t'x?sf] /lhi6/L
;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfpg ;sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj
gkf/L vf; u/]/ tL lgodx?df b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-s_ /lhi6/L ug'{kg]{ s'/fx?,
-v_ /lhi6/Lsf] lgldQ nfUg] b:t'/ ltg]{ tl/sf, /
-u_ /lhi6/L ug'{kg]{ t/ nfUg] b:t'/ cufj} glt/L kf]li6+u ul/Psf]
x'nfs j:t'nfO{ 7]ufgfjfnfnfO{ 8]lne/L ubf{ jf k7fpg]nfO{
lkmtf{ 8]lne/L ubf{ bf]Aa/ b:t'/ nfUg] .

-3_ x/fPsf] /lhi6/Lsf] vf]h tnf; ug]{ tl/sf / ;f] x/fP jfkt
lbOg] Ifltk"lt{sf] /sd .
-#_ /lhi6/Lsf] lgldQ kf]li6+u ePsf x'nfs j:t'x?nfO{ /lhi6/L
ul/Pkl5 dxflgb]{zsn] ;do ;dodf cfb]z hf/L u/L tf]lslbPsf] ;dodf / tl/sf
cg';f/ 7]ufgfjfnfnfO{ 8]lne/L ul/g]5 jf k7fpg]nfO{ lkmtf{ 8]lne/L ul/g]5 .
@&= x'n fs j:t'x ?sf] aLdf M g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do ;dodf g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf
k|sflzt u/L b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ x'nfs j:t' x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf x/fpg] jf gf]S;fg x'g]
vt/faf6 arfpgsf] lgldQ ;DalGwt x'nfs c8\8fdf of] P]gsf] c?
bkmfx?df n]lvPsf] s'/fx?sf] cwLgdf /xL jLdf u/fpg] / To;sf] /;Lb
kf]li6+u ug]{ JolQmnfO{ x'nfs c8\8faf6 lbg], /
✔
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

15
 -v_ aLdf jfkt ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] yk b:t'/ nfUg] .
@*= x'n fs j:t'x ?sf] aLdf clgjfo{ u/fpg] clwsf/ M g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do ;dodf
g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf x'nfs j:t'x?sf]
jLdf clgjfo{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 / aLdf ug{ clgjfo{ ePsf] x'nfs j:t' aLdf gu/L
kf]li6+u ul/Pdf ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] ljz]if b:t'/ lnO{ dfq 7]ufgfjfnfnfO{
8]lne/L ug]{ jf k7fpg]nfO{ lkmtf{ 8]lne/L ug]{ u/L lgb]{z lbg ;Sg]5 .
t/ ;f] adf]lhd b:t'/ lnPsf] sf/0fn] To:tf x'nfs j:t'sf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn
;/sf/n] s'g} bfloTj Joxf]g'{ kg]{ 5}g .
@(= aLdf ;DaGwL lgodx? agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_g]kfn ;/sf/n] aLdf ;DaGwL
lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj
gkf/L vf; u/]/ tL lgodx?df b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ bkmf @& cGtu{t aLdf u/fpg ;lsg] x'nfs j:t'x?sf]
lsl;d,
-v_ aLdf u/fpg ;lsg] /sdsf] xb c+s,
-u_ aLdf b:t'/ ltg]{ tl/sf, /
-3_ aLdf ul/Psf x'nfs j:t'x?sf] Ifltk"lt{ lbg] .
-#_ aLdfsf] lgldQ x'nfs c8\8fdf bflvn ePsf x'nfs j:t'x?nfO{ aLdf
ul/;s]kl5, dxflgb]{zsn] ;do ;dodf cfb]z hf/L u/L tf]lslbPsf] :yfg /
;dodf tf]lslbPsf] tl/sf cg';f/ 8]lne/L tyf btf{ ul/g]5 .
#)= aLdf ul/Psf] x'n fs a:t'x ?sf] ;DaGwdf g]k fn ;/sf/sf] bfloTj M tf]lsPsf zt{
/ aGb]hx?sf] cwLgdf /xL aLdf ul/Psf] x'nfs j:t'df jf To;leqsf] s'g} lrh
j:t' x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf x/fPdf jf gf]S;fg ePdf ;f] x'nfs j:t'
hlt /sddf aLdf u/fPsf]5 ;f] c+sdf ga9fO{ Tolt;Dd Ifltk"lt{ k7fpg]nfO{ lbg]
lbnfpg] bfloTj g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g]5 .
t/ s'g} xfntdf klg x/fPsf] jf gf]S;fg ePsf] j:t'sf] jf:tljs d"NoeGbf a9L
Ifltk"lt{ lbg' kg]{ 5}g .

16
#!= d"N ob]o x'n fs j:t'x ? x'n fsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] M g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do ;dodf
g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ of] P]gsf c? bkmfx?df n]lvPsf s'/fx?sf] cwLgdf /xL x'nfsaf6
x'nfsj:t' k7fpg]n] ;f] j:t'df hlt /sd n]lvlbPsf] 5 Tolt /sd
7]ufgfjfnfaf6 c;'n pk/ u/L x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L ug]{ / c;'n ePsf]
/sd x'nfs j:t' k7fpg]nfO{ a'´fpg], /
-v_ ;f] jfkt x'nfs j:t' k7fpg]n] ltg'{kg]{ b:t'/ .
t/ d"Nob]o j:t'sf] /sd 7]ufgfjfnfaf6 c;'n pk/ gePdf g]kfn
;/sf/n] s'g} bfloTj Joxf]g{' kg]{ 5}g . o; bkmf adf]lhd k7fOPsf x'nfs
j:t'nfO{ d"Nob]o x'nfs j:t' elgg]5 .
#@= d"N ob]o x'n fs j:t'x ?sf] ;DaGwdf lgodx? agfpg] clwsf/ M-!_ d"Nob]o x'nfs
j:t'x? x'nfsaf6 rnfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj
gkf/L vf; u/]/ tL lgodx?df b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ d"Nob]o u/L k7fpg ;lsg] x'nfs j:t'x?sf] lsl;d,
-v_ kfPsf] ;Rrf -af]gfkmfO8_ cfb]zadf]lhd k7fpg nfu]sf] xf]
egL k7fpg]n] 3f]lift gu/];Dd s'g} x'nfs j:t' d"Nob]o u/L
k7fpg glbg],
-u_ d"Nob]o x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L u/L c;"n ul/g] d"Nosf] xb
c+s,
-3_ d"Nob]o x'nfs j:t' k7fpg]n] eg'{kg]{ ljj/0fkqsf] 9fFrf /
b:t'/ ltg]{ ;do / tl/sf,
-ª_ s'g} d"Nob]o x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L u/L c;"n pk/ ePsf]
/sddf s'g} hfn;fhL ePdf ;f] /sd 7]ufgfjfnfnfO{ lkmtf{
ug]{ Joj:yf, /
-r_ d"Nob]o x'nfs j:t'x? 8]lne/L ug]{ jf To;sf] d"No ltg]{
;DaGwdf k/]sf ph"/Lx?sf] hfFra'´sf] lgldQ nfUg] b:t'/
tf]Sg] .

17
 -#_ x'nfs j:t' d"Nob]o u/L k7fpg kf]li6Ë ug{ ;lsg] x'nfs c8\8fsf]
gfd, ;do / ckgfpg' kg]{ tl/sf / d"Nob]o x'nfs j:t'x?nfO{ 8]lne/L ug]{ x'nfs
c8\8fsf] gfd, ;do / tl/sf dxflgb]{zsn] ;do ;dodf cfb]z hf/L u/L
tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_ o; bkmfsf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -ª_ cGtu{t ag]sf] s'g} lgod
adf]lhd u/]sf] jf ;f] adf]lhd egL ;D´L c;n lgotn] u/]sf] s'g} sfd sfo{sf]
;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/ jf x'nfs c8\8fsf] s'g} sd{rf/L pk/ s'g} gfn];, ph"/ jf
sfg"gL sf/jfO{ rNg] 5}g .
##= c? /fi6«; Fu ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ nfu" ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ x'nfs j:t'x?nfO{ ;fwf/0f
x'nfsaf6 jf /lhi6/L u/L jf aLdf u/L jf d"Nob]o u/L x'nfs dfkm{t cfbfg k|bfg
ug]{ ;DaGwdf g]kfn / c? ljb]zL /fi6«sf] aLrdf ePsf] Joj:yf jf o'lge;{n
kf]i6n o'lgog -ljZj x'nfs ;+3_ sf] sGe]G;gnfO{ nfu" ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]
lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj
gkf/L vf; u/]/ tL lgodx?df b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf x'nfs j:t'x? k7fpg]n]
kf]li6Ë ubf{ tyf 7]ufgfjfnfn] 8]lne/L lnFbf eg'{kg]{
ljj/0fkqsf] 9fFrf ckgfpg' kg]{ tl/sf, /
-v_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf x'nfs j:t'x? k7fpg
nfUg] b:t'/ .
kl/R5]b – &
8]l ne/L ug{ g;s]sf x'nfs j:t'x?
#$= 8]l ne/L
ne/ L ug{ g;s]sf x'n fs j:t'x ? km5of{p g] ;DaGwdf lgodx? agfpg]
clwsf/ M -!_ s'g} sf/0f k/L 8]lne/L ug{ g;s]sf x'nfs j:t'x?nfO{ km5of{pg]
;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj
gkf/L vf; u/]/ tL lgodx?df b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 M–

18
 -s_ x'nfs c8\8faf6 8]lne/L ug{ g;s]sf x'nfs j:t'x?nfO{
;f]xL c8\8fdf /fvL 5f]8\g] cjlw, /
-v_ 8]lne/L ug{ g;s]sf x'nfsj:t'x?sf] ;"rL k|sflzt ug]{ .
-#_ 8]lne/L ug{ g;s]sf] x'nfs j:t'nfO{ o; bkmfsf] pkbkmf -@_ sf]
v08 -s_ cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx?n] tf]lslbPsf] cjlw;Dd x'nfs c8\8fdf
/flv;s]kl5 lkmtf{ lr¶L kmfF6df rnfg u/L k7fOg]5 .
#%= lkmtf{ lr¶L kmfF6 df k7fPsf 8]lne/L ug{ g;s]sf x'nfs j:t'x?nfO{ km5of{pg] M -!_
bkmf #$ sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd lkmtf{ lr¶L kmfF6df k7fOPsf] x'nfs j:t'df b]xfo
adf]lhd ul/g]5 M–
-s_ x'g ;s]df 7]ufgfjfnf sxfF x'nfsaf6 k'gM rnfg u/L
k7fpg] jf
-v_ ;f] adf]lhd k7fpg g;lsg] ePdf ;f] kmfF6sf] ;DalGwt
sd{rf/Ln] uf]Ko ?kaf6 x'nfs j:t' vf]nL k7fpg]sf] gfd /
7]ufgf x]/L k'gM aGb ug]{ .
-@_ k7fpg]sf] gfd / 7]ufgf kQf nfu]df ;f] x'nfs j:t'nfO{ s'g} yk
dx;'n jf b:t'/ glnO{ jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfO{ tf]lslbPsf] dx;'n jf
b:t'/ lnO{ k7fpg] sxfF x'nfsaf6 lkmtf{ k7fOg]5 .
#^= 8]l ne/L ug{ g;s]sf] x'n fs j:t'x ?nfO{ clGtd ?kaf6 km5\
km5of{
\of{pg]
g M bkmf #$ / bkmf
#% cGtu{t km5\of{pg g;s]sf x'nfs j:t'x?nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfO{
s'g} cjlw tf]lslbPsf] eP ;f] cjlw;Dd lkmtf{ lr6\7L kmfF6df /fvL 5fl8g]5 /
;f]xL lgodx? cg';f/ c? sf/jfxL ul/g]5 .

t/–
-s_ To;/L a'´fpg g;s]sf x'nfs j:t'df lr6\7L eP gi6 ug]{ / c? x'nfs
j:t'sf] xsdf ;8L unL ghfg] lsl;dsf] laqmL of]Uo lrh j:t' jf gub
/sd eP To:tf] lrh j:t' jf gub /sdnfO{ Ps jif{sf] cjlw;Dd lkmtf{
lr6\7L kmfF6df /fvL 5f]l8g]5 / ;f] cjlw;Dd s;}n] cfkmgf] xs b]vfpg
g;s]df gub /sd eP gub} / laqmL of]Uo lrh j:t' eP a9fa9Ldf ljqmL
✔
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

19
 u/L cfPsf] gub /sdnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;j{;l~rt sf]ifdf bflvn
ul/g]5 .
-v_ j}b]lzs x'nfs j:t' eP h'g /fi6«af6 To:tf] x'nfs j:t' k|fKt x'g cfPsf] xf]
To:tf] /fi6«;Fu g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s'g} ;D´f}tf ePdf ;f]xL ;D´f}tf adf]lhd
/ To:tf] ;D´f}tf gePdf o'lge;{n kf]:6n o"lgog -ljZj x'nfs ;+3_ sf]
sGe]G;g cg';f/ km5\of{pg k5{ .

kl/R5]b – *
wgfb]z - dlgc8{/_
#&= wgfb]z sf] Joj:yf ug]{ / tT;DaGwL lgodx? agfpg] clwsf/ M-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n]
wgfb]zsf] Joj:yfaf6 x'nfs c8\8fx? dfkm{t ;fgf–;fgf /sdx? cfbfg k|bfg x'g]
Joj:yf ug{ / tT;DaGwL lgodx? agfpg ;Sg]5 M–
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj
gkf/L vf; u/]/ tL lgodx?df b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-s_ wgfb]zaf6 cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] /sdsf] xb c+s,
-v_ wgfb]z rfn" /xg] cjlw /
-u_ wgfb]z jf tT;DaGwL c? s'/fx? jfkt nfUg] sldzg jf
dx;'nsf] b/ .

#&s= wgfb]z ;~rfng sf]i f M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] wgfb]z /sdsf] e'QmfgL lbg]
k|of]hgsf] nflu wgfb]z ;~rfng sf]if -l/elNeª km08_ :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ wgfb]z ;~rfng sf]ifdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] hDdf ul/lbPsf] /sd /
cGo tf]lsP adf]lhdsf /sdx? /xg]5g\ .
-#_ wgfb]z ;~rfng sf]ifsf] ;~rfng sfo{ljlw tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

✍
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

20
#*= wgfb]z k7fpg]n ] ;f] cfb]z adf]l hdsf] /sd lkmtf{ dfUg / ;f] /sd kfpg]sf] gfd
abNg ;Sg] M -!_ bkmf #& cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx?df yk sldzg jf dx;'n
c;"n ug]{ ;DaGwdf tf]lsPsf] zt{x?sf cwLgdf /xL wgfb]zaf6 x'nfs c8\8f
dfkm{t /sd k7fpg] JolQmn] ;f] /sd cfb]zdf tf]lsPsf] JolQmnfO{ e'QmfgL ug{
g;lsPdf cfkm'nfO{ g} lkmtf{ e'QmfgL u/fpg jf cfkmgf] lgb]{z adf]lhd cs}{
JolQmnfO{ e'QmfgL u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ wgfb]z adf]lhd /sd kfpg] / wgfb]z k7fpg] b'j} km]nf gk/]df /
wgfb]z k7fOPsf] ldltn] ! jif{sf] cjlw;Dddf klg k7fpg] / kfpg] s;}n] klg
bfaL gu/]df ;f] cjlw gf3]kl5 ;f] /sd afkt g]kfn ;/sf/df s'g} bfaL
nfUg]5}g .

#(= x'n fs cfb]z sf] Joj:yf ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do ;dodf tf]s]sf
/sd x'nfsåf/f cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] u/L pko'Qm b]v]sf] 9fFrfsf] x'nfs cfb]z
k|rngdf Nofpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|rngdf NofOPsf x'nfs cfb]z k7fpFbf,
ljqmL ubf{ vf/]h ubf{ jf To;sf] e'QmfgL ubf{ nfUg] sldzgsf] b/, ckgfpg' kg]{
tl/sf / kfng ug{'kg]{ cGo zt{ aGb]hx?sf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgod
agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ x'nfs cfb]z ljqmL ug]{ / e'QmfgL lbg] x'nfs c8\8fsf] gfd ;do
;dodf g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L dxflgb]{zsn] tf]Sg]5 .
$)= ljb]z L /fi6«; Fu ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ nfu"
nf u" ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ g]kfn / c? ljb]zL
/fi6«x?sf] aLrdf x'nfs c8\8f dfkm{t wgfb]zx? k7fpg] / To;sf] e'QmfgL ug]{
;DaGwdf ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ nfu" ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfpg] ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ ;j{dfGotfdf s'g} k|lts'n k|efj
gkf/L vf; u/]/ tL lgodx?df b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 M
-s_ g]kfnaf6 To:tf] cfb]zx? k7fpFbf / g]kfndf To:tf]
cfb]zsf] e'QmfgL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ tl/sf / kfng ug{'kg]{
zt{x?, /
✔
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

21
 -v_ ;f] afkt nfUg] sldzgsf] b/ .
$!= unt JolQmnfO{ wgfb]z sf] e'QmfgL ePdf ug]{ M s'g} JolQmnfO{ wgfb]z adf]lhdsf]
e'QmfgL ug{'kg]{ eGbf a9L /sd x'nfs c8\8fsf sd{rf/Laf6 e'QmfgL ul/Psf]df ;f]
a9L e'QmfgL ePsf] hlt /sd lghn] s'g} dgfl;j sf/0f ljgf lkmtf{ gu/]df jf
lkmtf{ ug{ OGsf/ u/]df jf s'g} wgfb]z adf]lhd s'g} JolQmnfO{ e'QmfgL ug{'kg]{ /sd
cs}{ JolQmnfO{ x'nfs c8\8fsf sd{rf/Laf6 e'QmfgL ul/Psf]df uNtLn] e'QmfgL
ePsf] /sd lghn] s'g} dgfl;a sf/0f lagf lkmtf{ gu/]df jf ug{ OGsf/ u/]df
dxflgb]{zsaf6 clwsf/ kfPsf] x'nfs c8\8fsf] sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] lkmtf{ lng' kg]{
/sd To:tf JolQmaf6 ;/sf/L dfnkf]t afFsL ;/xsf] sf/afxL u/L c;"n pk/
ug{'k5{ . To:tf] /sd lkmtf{ ug{' gkg]{ s'g} dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f ePdf
;DalGwt JolQmn] g} ;f] sf/0f k]z ug{ / k|dfl0ft ug{ ;Sg'k5{ .
$@= wgfb]z ;DaGwL bfloTjaf6 arfp M b]xfosf] sfd s'/fdf g]kfn ;/sf/pk/ jf
x'nfs c8\8fsf s'g} sd{rf/L pk/ s'g} gfn]z, ph"/ nfUg jf sfg"gL sf/afxL rNg
;Sg] 5}g M
-s_ o; kl/R5]b cGtu{t ag]sf s'g} lgod cGtu{t u/]sf] s'g} sfd s'/f, jf
-v_ wgfb]z k7fpg] JolQmn] wgfb]zsf] /sd e'QmfgL kfpg] JolQmsf] gfd jf
7]ufgf lbFbf unt jf ck"/f] ul/lbPsf] sf/0fn] unt e'QmfgL x'g uPsf]df,
t/ wgfb]zsf] /sd e'QmfgL kfpg] JolQmsf] kl/ro yfxf x'g rflxg]
kof{Kt ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] 5 eGg] ljZjf; ug{ ;lsg] dgfl;a dflkmssf]
sf/0f eO{ To:tf] ck"/f] gfd jf 7]ufgf :jLsf/ ul/Psf] eP dfq To;/L gfd
jf 7]ufgf ck"/f] u/L lbPsf] sf/0fn] unt e'QmfgL x'g uPsf]df gfn]z, ph"/
jf sfg"gL sf/afO{af6 ;DalGwt x'nfs c8\8fsf] sd{rf/Ln] 5'6sf/f kfpg]5,
jf
-u_ x'nfs c8\8fsf] sd{rf/Lsf] hfgfhfg hfn;fhL jf ukmnt ge} c? ;fwf/0f
cfsl:ds e'nr'ssf] sf/0f s'g} wgfb]zsf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{ OGsf/ ul/Psf]
jf l9nfO{ ePsf]df, jf
-3_ wgfb]z k7fOPsf] ldltn] ! jif{sf] cjlw gf3]kl5 To;sf] unt e'QmfgL x'g
uPsf]df, jf

22
 -ª_ g]kfn ;/sf/ cwLgsf] afx]s c? s'g} x'nfs c8\8fsf] s'g} sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn
aflx/ s'g} wgfb]zsf] unt e'QmfgL u/]sf] jf l9nf] e'QmfgL u/]sf]df .

kl/R5]b – *s=
art a}+s ;DaGwL Joj:yf
$@s= art a}+ssf] sfd ug{ kfpg] x'n fs c8\
c8 8f
\8 f M ;fgfltgf /sd hDdf ug{ rfxg]
JolQmnfO{ a}ls+u ;'[ljwf k|bfg ug]{ sfd ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g}
x'nfs c8\8fnfO{ tf]Sg]5 .
$@v= art a}+s;DaGwL lgod agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_ bkmf $@s= sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu cy{
dGqfno / g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] k/fdz{ lnO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx? agfpg
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj gkf/L tL
lgodx?df vf;u/L b]xfosf s'/fx?sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ art a}+sdf /fVg ;lsg] clwstd / Go"gtd /sdsf] xb,
-v_ art a}+sdf /sd hDdf u/] afkt lbOg] Aofhsf] b/,
-u_ gfafns, cljjflxtf jf ljwjf :qLnfO{ art a}+ssf] ;'ljwf
lb+bf ckgfpg' kg]{ t/Lsf tyf sfo{ljlw,
-3_ ck|rlnt vftf / vftf :yfgfGt/0fsf] Joj:yf,
-ª_ art a}+s ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yfx? .
kl/R5]
kl /R5]b – (
;hfo / sfo{ k|0ffnL
$#= 8fFs y}n f jf x'n fs j:t'x ? cf]; fg]{ jf 8]l ne/L ug]{ sfddf nufOPsf JolQmx?n]
v/fa cfr/0f u/]df ;hfo M x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf 8fFs, y}nf jf
x'nfs j:t' cf];fg]{ jf 8]lne/L ug]{ sfddf nufOPsf] JolQmn] b]xfosf] s;"/ u/]df
lghnfO{ Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 M–
-s_ sfddf nufOPsf] avt dfbs kbfy{n] a];"/ eO{ a;]df, jf

✙
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f kl/R5]b g} yk .
✉
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

23
 -v_ 8fFs, y}nf jf x'nfs j:t'sf] ;'/Iff vt/fdf kg]{ u/L x]nrqmfO{ jf c? v/fa
cfr/0f u/]df, jf
-u_ 8fFs, y}nf jf x'nfs j:t' cf];fg]{ jf 8]lne/L ug]{ sfddf l9nf] u/]df jf
l9nf] x'g] u/L otfptf 3'dlkm/ u/]df, jf
-3_ 8fFs, y}nf jf x'nfs j:t' ;'/lIft u/L cf];fg{ jf 8]lne/L ug{ dgfl;j
dflkms Wofg glbPdf / d]xgt gu/]df .

$$= 8fFs y}n f jf x'n fs j:t'x ? cf]; fg]{ jf 8]l ne/L ug]{ sfddf nufOPsf JolQmn]
cg'dlt glnO{ jf ;"rgf
r gf glbO{ cfkm"v '; L cfkmgf] sfd 5f]8 ]df ;hfo M x'nfsaf6
rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf 8fFs, y}nf jf x'nfs j:t' cf];fg]{ jf 8]lne/L ug]{ sfddf
nufOPsf] JolQmn] cg'dlt glnO{ jf ! dxLgfsf] k"j{;"rgf glbO{ cfkm' v'zL cfkmgf]
c8\8fsf] sfd 5f]8]df lghnfO{ Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
$%= x'n fs j:t'x ? cf]; fg]{ jf 8]l ne/L ug]{ sfddf nufOPsf] JolQmn] ´'67f
\7f s'/f btf{
u/]df ;hfo M x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf x'nfs j:t' cf];fg]{ jf 8]lne/L
ug]{ sfddf nufOPsf] / ;f] sfd btf{ lstfa v8f u/L /fVg'kg]{ u/L st{Jo
tf]lsPsf] JolQmn] guPsf] 7fpFdf uPsf] jf 8]lne/L gu/]sf] x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L
u/]sf] eGg] s'/f ljZjf; k/f];\ eGg] dg;fon] btf{ lstfadf s'g} ´'6\7f s'/f btf{
u/]df jf u/fPdf lghnfO{ Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
$^= x'n fs j:t'x ? rf]/ L ug]{, lxgfldgf ug]{, bafpg], gi6
gi6 ug]{ jf kmofFSg] OToflb sfd

u/]df ;hfo M -!_ x'nfs c8\8fsf] sd{rf/L jf 8fFs kl/jxgsf] sfddf nfu]sf
JolQm jf ;+:yf jf c? s;}n] x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf 8f+s, y}nf jf
x'nfs j:t' jf To;df /x]sf lrh, a:t' rf]/L u/]df, l´s]df, kmofFs]df, lxgfldgf
u/]df jf gi6 u/]df jf h'g;'s} p2]Zon] bafPdf jf Iflt k'¥ofPdf lghaf6 lauf]

✉
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

24
 ;d]t c;"n u/L lghnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf
b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-@_ x'nfsaf6 rnfg ug{ x'nfs c8\8fdf kf]li6ª ug{ Nofpg] x'nfs
j:t'x? a'l´lng] sfddf nufOPsf] sd{rf/Ln] s;};Fu x'nfs j:t'df l6s6 6fF;L
lbpFnf egL 6F;fO{ lng' lbg' kg]{ c8\8f leq} jf cGoq 7fpFdf k};f lnO{ l6s6 6fF;L
glbO{ lxgfldgf u/]df, To;/L lnP vfPsf] lauf] e/fO{ lghnfO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd
s}b jf g]=?= kfFr ;o;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
$&= x'n fs j:t'x ? vf]n ]df, /f]S sf ul//fv]df jf l9nf] u/L cf];f/]df jf 8]lne/L u/]df
;hfo M cfkmgf] st{Josf] ljk/Lt x'nfs c8\8fsf] sd{rf/Ln] x'nfsaf6 rnfg
ubf{sf] cj:yfdf x'nfs j:t' vf]n]df jf vf]nfPdf jf hfgL hfgL /f]Ssf u/]df jf
u/fPdf jf l9nf] u/L cf];f/]df jf cf];fg{ nufPdf jf l9nf u/L 8]lne/L u/]df jf
u/fPdf lghnfO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd s}b} jf g]=?= kfFr;o ;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j}
;hfo x'g]5 .
t/ of] P]gn] lbPsf] clwsf/ cGtu{t jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lnlvt cfb]z
adf]lhd jf clwsf/ k|fKt cbfntsf lgb]{z adf]lhd s'g} x'nfs j:t' vf]n]sf],
/f]Ssf /fv]sf] jf cf];fg{ jf 8]lne/L ug{ l9nf] u/]sf]df o; bkmfsf] s'g} s'/f nfu"
x'g] 5}g .

$&s= 8fFs kl/jxgdf afwf lj/f]w u/]df ;hfo M lgwf{l/t ;do tflnsf cg';f/ 8fFs

kl/jxg u/fpFbf, s;}n] afwf lj/f]w u/]df lghnfO{ b'O{ xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf
x'g]5 .
$*= a9L x'n fs l6s6 lnPdf / ;/sf/L lrGxdf hfn;fhL u/]df ;hfo M x'nfs
c8\8fsf] sd{rf/Ln] b]xfosf] s'g} s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd s}b} jf
g]=?= kfFr ;o;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-s_ hfn;fhL u/L x'nfs j:t'df ´'7\7f ;/sf/L lrGx nufPdf, jf
-v_ x'nfs j:t'df nufOPsf] ;/sf/L lrGx hfn;fhL u/L x]/km]/ u/]df jf
x6fPdf jf d]6]df, jf
✍
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
✃
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

25
 -u_ x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L ug]{ sfd ;'lDkPsf]df, ;f] j:t'sf] of] P]g adf]lhd
gnfUg] x'nfs l6s6sf] s'g} /sd hfgL hfgL dfu]df jf k|fKt u/]df .
$(= x'n fs c8\
c8 8fsf
\8 fsf lnvtx? hfn;fhL
hf n;fhL u/L agfPdf, x]/ km]/ u/]df, bafPdf jf gi6

u/]df ;hfo M s;}n] hfn;fhL u/L s'g} lnvt unt lsl;d;+u tof/ u/]df jf
s'g} lnvt x]/km]/ u/]df jf bafPdf jf gi6 u/]df lghnfO{ a9Ldf b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b}
jf g]=?= Ps xhf/;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
%)= x'n fs dx;'
dx ;'n glt/]sf] x'n fs j:t'x ? hfn;fhL u/L k7fpg]n fO{ ;hfo M x'nfs
c8\8fsf] sd{rf/Ln] of] P]g cGtu{t tf]lsPsf] t/Lsf cg';f/ x'nfs dx;'n ltg'{kg]{
glt/]sf] jf c;"n ug'{kg]{ gul/Psf] s'g} x'nfs j:t'nfO{ hfn;fhL ug]{ lgotn]
x'nfsaf6 rnfg u/]df jf x'nfs y}nfdf /fv]df, lghnfO{ a9Ldf b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b
jf g]=?= Ps xhf/;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
%!= bkmf # pNn+3g u/]df ;hfo M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] b]xfosf] s'g} s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{
;f] s;"/;+u ;DalGwt k|To]s lr¶L jfkt a9Ldf g]=?= kRrL;;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 M–
-s_ bkmf # adf]lhdsf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Psflwsf/ leqsf] s'g}
lr6\7L x'nfs afx]s cs}{ ;fwgaf6 cf];f/]df, jf
-v_ To:tf] Psflwsf/ leqsf] s'g} lr6\7L x'nfs afx]s cs}{
;fwgaf6 cf];fg]{ sfd;Fu ;DalGwt c? s'g} sfd u/]df, jf
-u_ To:tf] Psflwsf/ leqsf] s'g} lr6\7L x'nfs afx]s cs}{
;fwgaf6 k7fPdf jf k7fpgsf] lgldQ lbPdf jf 8]lne/L
u/]df, jf
-3_ bkmf # sf] b]xfosf -s_, -v_ jf -u_ df n]lvP adf]lhd
lr6\7Lx? x'nfs afx]s cs}{ ;fwgaf6 k7fpg hDdf u/]df .
-@_ s'g} JolQmn] o; bkmf cGtu{t ;hfo x'g] s;"/sf] k|dfl0ft e};s]kl5
km]/L klg ;f]xL s;"/ u/]df, lghnfO{ To:tf] k|To]s s;"/ jfkt g]=?= krf;;Dd
hl/jfgf x'g]5 .

26
%@= bkmf -$_ pNn+3g u/]df ;hfo M -!_bkmf $ pNn+3g u/L s'g} JolQmn] lr6\7Lx?
cf];f/]df, k|fKt u/]df, k7fpgsf] lgldQ lbPdf jf 8]lne/L u/]df, lghnfO{ To:tf]
k|To]s lr6\7L jfkt a9Ldf g]=?= krf;;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
-@_ s'g} JolQmn] o; bkmf cGtu{t ;hfo x'g] s;"/ u/]sf] k|dfl0ft
eO{;s]kl5 km]/L km]/L klg ;f]xL s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{ To:tf] k|To]s s;"/ jfkt
a9Ldf g]=?= b'O{ ;o;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
%#= bkmf !# cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx? pNn+3g u/]df ;hfo M -!_ x'nfs l6s6x? laqmL
ug{ lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQmn] bkmf !# sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ cGtu{t ag]sf]

s'g} lgodåf/f tf]lsPsf] eGbf a9L d"No lnO{ x'nfs l6s6 laqmL u/]df To;/L
lnPsf] a9L /sd lghaf6 e/fO{ lghnfO{ Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
-@_ s'g} JolQmn] bkmf !# cGtu{t ag]sf] c? s'g} lgod pNn+3g u/]df
lghnfO{ a9Ldf g]=?= b'O{ ;o ;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
%$= bkmf !^ jf bkmf !& pNn+3g u/]df ;hfo M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] bkmf !^ jf bkmf !&
pNn+3g u/L x'nfsaf6 s'g} x'nfs j:t' jf c? lrh j:t' k7fPdf jf k7fpgsf]
lgldQ lbPdf lghnfO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd s}b} jf g]=?= kfFr;o;Dd hl/jfgf jf
b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-@_ bkmf !^ jf bkmf !& df n]lvPsf] s'/fx? pNn+3g u/L k7fOPsf]
eGg] cf/f]kdf x'nfs j:t' x'nfs c8\8fdf /f]Ssf /x] tfklg ;f] k7fpg]n] x'nfssf]
plrt ;dodf j:t'sf] 8]lne/L eP ;/x dflgO{ s'g} sf/jfO{ ug{ afwf x'g] 5}g .
%%= kq d~h"i ff ljufg]{n fO{ ;hfo M s'g} JolQmn] x'nfs j:t'x? v;fNg x'nfs c8\8faf6
/flvPsf] kq d~h"iffdf cfuf], ;nfO{ jf aQL jf ljikmf]6s, vt/gfs, kmf]x/, b'u{Gw
jf xflgsf/s j:t', jf t/n kbfy{ /fv]df jf kq d~h"iffdf kmf]x/ d}nf u/]df jf
kq d~h"iffdf To;sf] s'g} cË jf To;df ePsf] j:t'nfO{ xfgL k'Ug ;Sg] u/L s'g}

sfd u/]df Ifltu|:t kq d+h"iff dd{t ug{ nufO{ lghnfO{ kfFr ;o ?k}ofF;Dd
hl/jfgf x'g]5 .

✉
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
✃
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

27
%^= x'n fs c8\
c8 8f
\8 f jf kq d~h"i ffnfO{ a]?k kfg]{n fO{ ;hfo M s'g} JolQmn] x'nfs c8\8f
jf x'nfs j:t'x? v;fNgsf] lgldQ x'nfs c8\8faf6 /flvPsf] kq d~h"iffdf s'g}
lj1fkg, ;"rgf, ;"rLkq, lnlvt, af]8{ jf c? s'g} lrh j:t' 6fF;]df, nufPdf, jf

/+u /f]ug nufO{ jf c? s'g} lsl;daf6 a]?k kf/]df, a]?k kfl/Psf]kq d~h"iff
dd{t ug{ nufO{ lghnfO{ kfFr;o ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
%&= ´'6 7f
\7 f ljj/0f e/]df ;hfo M x'nfsaf6 k7fOg] s'g} x'nfs j:t' jf To:df /x]sf
s'g} lrh j:t' jf To:sf] d"Nosf] ;DaGwdf s'g} ljj/0fkq eg'{ kg]{ ePsf] JolQmn]

hfgL hfgL s'g} ´'6\7f s'/f e/L lbPdf lghnfO{ a9Ldf Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd
hl/jfgf x'g]5 .

%*= 8fFs /f]S sf u/]df jf vf]n ]df jf 8fFs y}n f lehfPdf jf x:tfGt/0f ug{ l9nf;':tL
u/]df ;hfo M s'g} JolQmn] of] P]g jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfb]z jf clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/L jf cbfntsf] cfb]z adf]lhd afx]s x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf
s'g} 8fFs y}nf jf x'nfs j:t' lglb{i6 :yfgdf gk'Ub} s'g} axfgfn] aLrdf /f]s]df jf
vf]n]df jf 8fFs y}nf lehfPdf jf 8fFs jf x'nfs j:t' x:tfGt/0f ug]{ sfddf
vl6Psf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f] ug{df afwf lj/f]w u/]df lghnfO{ tLg dxLgf;Dd s}b jf
kfFr ;o ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
%(= unt 8]l ne/L ePsf] x'n fs j:t' jf 8fFs y}n fnfO{ cfk"m ;fy /flv5f]8]df ;hfo M
s'g} JolQmn] x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfdf cs}{ JolQmnfO{ 8]lne/L ug'{kg]{ s'g}
x'nfsj:t' jf 8fFs y}nfnfO{ hfn;fhL u/L cfkm";fy /fvL 5f]8]df jf hfgL hfgL
bafPdf jf ˆofFsL lbPdf jf /f]Ssf u/]df jf x'nfs c8\8fsf] sd{rf/Lsf] cfb]z
adf]lhd lkmtf{ 8]lne/L gu/]df jf lkmtf{ 8]lne/L ug{ OGsf/ u/]df lghnfO{ a9Ldf

b'O{ xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
^)= lr6\
lr6 7Lsf]
\7 Lsf] 8]l ne/Ldf afwf lbPdf ;hfo M s'g} JolQmn] c? JolQmnfO{ xfgL k'¥ofpg]
vf; ablgotn] ;f] JolQmnfO{ 8]lne/L x'g'kg]{ s'g} lr6\7L vf]n]df jf vf]nfPdf jf

✉
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

28
 
8]lne/L ug]{ sfddf s'g} tj/n] afwf k'¥ofpg] sfd u/]df lghnfO{ Ps xhf/
?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
t/ 7]ufgfjfnf gfjflnu /x]5 jf c? JolQmsf] ;+/If0fdf a;]sf] /x]5 eg]
To:tf] 7]ufgfjfnfsf] afa', cfdf jf ;+/Ifsn] pk/f]Qm s'g} sfd s'/f u/]sf]df of]
bkmf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
^!= x'n fs l6s6 nfu]sf] lnvtsf] s'/f d]6]df jf lnvtdf nfu]sf] x'nfs l6s6 l´s]df
;hfo M s'g} JolQmn] hfn;fhL u/L jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] xflg gf]S;fgL u/fpg]
jblgotn] s'g} lnvtsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ;f] lnvtdf 6fF;]sf] x'nfs l6s6 cs}{
lnvtdf k|of]u ug{ x'g] ug{ lnvtsf] s'/f d]6]df jf x'nfs l6s6 g} l´s]df
lghnfO{ a9Ldf tLg jif{;Dd s}b} jf g]=?= kGw| ;o;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo
x'g]5 .

^!s= x'n fs l6s6 l´s]df ;hfo M x'nfs c8\8fsf] sd{rf/L jf 8f+s kl/jxgdf nfu]sf
JolQmn] x'nfs dx;'n jfkt x'nfs j:t'df 6f+l;Psf] x'nfs l6s6 rf]/L u/]df,
l´s]df, ˆofFs]df jf s'g} k|sf/n] gi6 u/]df lghnfO{ To:tf] l6s6sf] ljuf] c;"n
u/L Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
^@= cl3 k|o f]u e} ;s]sf] x'n fs l6s6 k|o f]u u/]
u /]df ;hfo M s'g} JolQmn] hfn;fhL u/L
jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] xfgL gf]S;fgL u/fpg] ablgotn] cl3 k|of]u e} ;s]sf] eGg]
 
yfxf ePsf] s'g} x'nfs l6s6nfO{ k'gM k|of]u u/]df g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ Iflt k'Ug
uPsf] /sd lghaf6 c;"n u/L a9Ldf b'O{ xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
^#= x'n fs l6s6df nufOPsf] ;/sf/L lrGx d]6 ]df ;hfo M s'g} JolQmn] hfn;fhL u/L
jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] xfgL gf]S;fgL u/fpg] ablgotn] s'g} x'nfs l6s6 k|of]u e} /2L
e};s]sf] eGg] hgfpg nufOPsf] ;/sf/L lrGxnfO{ d]6]df, To:tf] ;/sf/L lrGx
d]6]sf] s'g} x'nfs l6s6 cfkmgf] ;fydf /fvL 5f8]df jf a]r lavg u/]df

✍
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
☛
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
✉
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

29
 
=========== lghnfO{ a9Ldf tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf g]=?= kGw| ;o;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j}
;hfo x'g]5 .

^$= x'n fs l6s6 jf x'n fs j:t' ;DaGwL s;"/ df yk ;hfo M s'g} JolQmn] x'nfs l6s6,
x'nfs cfb]z jf hjfkmLkq -s'kg_ / x'nfsaf6 rnfg ubf{sf] cj:yfsf] x'nfs j:t'
jf To;df /x]sf] s'g} lrh j:t'sf] rf]/L, 8fFsf, sLt]{ jf hfn;fhL u/]df To:tf]
s;"/ jfkt k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf yk Ps jif{;Dd s}b} jf
Psxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
^%= s;"/ ug{ k|o Tg u/]df jf b'¿ T;fxg
T; fxg u/]df ;hfo M of] P]g cGtu{t ;hfo x'g] s'g}
s;"/ ug{ k|oTg ug]{ jf b'¿T;fxg ug]{ JolQmnfO{ ;f]xL s;"/ ug]{nfO{ ;/x ;hfo
x'g]5 .
^^= x'n fs c8\
c8 8fsf]
\8 fsf] ;DklQ eGg] k|dfl0ft ug'{ kof{Kt x'g ] M x'nfsåf/f k7fOPsf] x'nfs
j:t' jf 8fFs y}nfsf] ;DaGwdf ePsf] s'g} s;"/df d'2f rnfpFbf, ;f] j:t' df]n kg]{
jf gkg]{ h] eP tfklg x'nfs c8\8fsf] ;DklQ xf] eGg] k|dfl0ft ug'{ kof{Kt x'g]5 .
^&= of] P]g cGtu{t sf] d'2f ;/sf/jfbL x'g ] M of] P]g cGtu{t ;hfo x'g] s;"/ ;DaGwL
d'2fdf g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL x'g]5 .

^*= =============

^*s=
s= d'2f x]g ]{ clwsf/ M -!_bkmf $#, $$, $%, $&s, %!, %@, %#, %%, %^, %&,
%(, ^), ^!s / ^@ adf]lhd ;hfo x'g] s;"/;DaGwL d'2fsf] sf/afxL / lsgf/f ug]{
clwsf/ ;DalGwt If]qLo lgb]{zsnfO{ x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/LnfO{ lhNnf cbfntnfO{ eP
;/xsf] clwsf/ x'g]5 .
☺
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd If]qLo lgb]{zsn] u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ ;DalGwt
If]qLo x'nfs lgb]{zgfno /x]sf] c~rnsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg nfUg]5 .

➨
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f l´lsPsf] .
♠
Gofo k|zf;g ;'wf/ -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$# åf/f vf/]h .
✍
bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
✪
t] ;|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
❤
Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* åf/f ;+zf]lwt .

30
 -$_ lhNnf cbfntn] cfkm" ;dIf bfo/ ePsf] x'nfs ck/fw ;DaGwL
d'2fsf] sf/jfxL ubf{ ;f] d'2fsf] /f]xaf6 ;DalGwt cleo'Qmn] pkbkmf -!_ df
pNn]lvt bkmfx?;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} s;"/ ;d]t u/]sf] b]lvPdf lhNnf cbfntn]
To:tf] s;"/ ;DaGwL d'2fdf ;d]t sf/jfxL / lsgf/f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ x'nfs ck/fw ;DaGwdf txlssft ubf{ Ps} JolQmn] PseGbf a9L
s;"/ u/]sf] jf Pp6} x'nfs j:t'sf] ;DaGwdf ljleGg JolQmn] 5'§f5'§} s;"/ u/]sf]df
To:tf s;"/ ;DaGwL d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/ a]Unfa]Un} If]qLo lgb]{zssf] clwsf/ If]qleq
kg]{ /x]5 eg] To:tf s;"/x? ;DaGwL d'2fsf] sf/jfxL / lsgf/f ug]{ clwsf/ To:tf]
x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L lbg] x'nfs c8\8f /x]sf] ☺If]qsf] If]qLo lgb]{zsnfO{ x'g]5 .
-^_ Ps} JolQmn] u/]sf] x'nfs ck/fwL ;DaGwL ljleGg s;"/x? jf
ljleGg JolQmx?n] Pp6} x'nfs j:t' ;DaGwdf u/]sf] ljleGg s;"/x?dWo] s'g}
s;"/;DaGwL d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/ If]qLo lgb]{zssf] clwsf/If]q leq / s'g} s;"/
;DaGwL d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/ lhNnf cbfntsf] clwsf/If]q leq kg]{ /x]5 eg] To:tf]
s;"/x? ;DaGwL d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/ To:tf] x'nfs j:t' 8]lne/L x'g] lhNnfsf] lhNnf
cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .

^*v= =============

kl/R5]b — !)
ljljw
^(= c? lgod agfpg] clwsf/ M of] P]gnfO{ sfof{lGjt ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] c? lgodx?
klg agfpg ;Sg]5 / tL lgodx?df n]lvPsf s'g} s'/f pNn+3g u/]df a9Ldf

kfFr ;o ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g] u/L Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

&)= clwsf/ ;'D kg ;Sg] M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] of] P]g adf]lhd cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt lgod
agfpg] clwsf/ afx]s s'g} jf ;a} clwsf/ dxflgb]{zsn] k|of]u ug{ kfpg] u/L
;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .

✪
t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
✾
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f vf/]h .
✃
rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] s'g} clwsf/ dxflgb]{zsn] g]kfn

;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ If]qLo lgb]{zs jf cGo s'g} clws[tnfO{ ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .

&!= vf/]h L M of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx?, cfb]z jf ;"rgfx?df n]lvPsf]
s'/f;Fu afl´P hlt g]kfn sfg"g vf/]h ePsf] jf cj:yfg';f/ of] P]g jf o; P]g
cGtu{t ag]sf lgod, cfb]z jf ;"rgf;Fu ldNg] u/L ;+zf]wg ePsf] dflgg]5 .

b|i 6Jo M
!= x'nfs -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$% sf] bkmf % / ^ lgDg adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 M
æ%= ?kfGt/
?kfGt/ M d"n P]gdf 7fpF7fpFdf k|of]u ePsf] ælgoGqsÆ eGg] zAbsf] ;§f
æIf]qLo lgb]{zsÆ eGg] zAbx? /fvL ?kfGt/ ul/Psf] 5 .
^= vf/]h L M x'nfs dx;'n P]g, @)!( vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .Æ
@= s]xL g]kfn sfg'g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# n] b]xfosf] zAbsf] ;§f b]xfosf] zAb
/fvL ?kfGt/0f u/]sf] 5 M
Æ>L % sf] ;/sf/Æ eGg] zAbsf] ;§f æg]kfn ;/sf/Æ .

☛
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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