SNA

Name : Usama Hussain

Roll no : Mcf2000550
Class : MSc(IT)
Subject : SNA Linux Based
Semester : 3rd
Assignment No : 02
Submitted to : Prof. Allah Ditta
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What is the File system?

In a computer, a file system is the way or you can say method in
which files are named and where they are placed logically and
retrieval. You can say it is a technique of storing data in organized
and human readable form.
In the general way, a file is a sequence of bits and bytes or records
whose meaning is defined by file creator or file user. Without file
system it is difficult to find and retrieve data or identify the data.

Purpose of file management system

 Minimizes the chance of lost of data and destroy of data.
 Helps OS to standardized I/O interfaces routine for user
processor.
 It provides I/O support for multiuser in a multiuser
environment system.
 Meet user requirements for data operations.

How Linux file system different from

window file system?
File system in Linux:
Linux file system has a hierarchal file structure as it contain
root directories and its subdirectories.
Linux support more than 12 types of file system with Network
file system (NFS) technology. When Linux is linked the default file
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system need to specify and the other file system can called
depending on requirements.

Ext file system is the most popular option; it’s similar to

Berkeley file system. Ext*family(ext, ext2, ext3 and ext4) and
XFS. Extended file system was developed in 1990s which is the 1 st
file system used in Linux.
Linux has two kinds of partitions which is data partition and
swapping partition and you never run out memory in Linux. In
Linux there is large number of UNIX base recovery tools
available.
In Linux each file system get a device, like /dev/hda1 (hard disk A
part 1) which is represented as a file.
In Linux file system the path to user home directory is:
/home/name
It uses forward slash.
Linux does not drive letter, in Linux everything under /- root
directory. There is no file above the root directory
In Linux file system is case sensitive its means that you could not
have file names, and the file in the same folder, each file would
have different contents. Linux treats capitalized letter and lower-
letters as different characters.
Linux has file system which are
 Ext
 Ext2
 Ext3
 Ext4
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 Journaled file system(JFS)

 XFS file system
 B tree file system
 ReiserFS file system

File system in windows

Window support number of file system including the file
allocation table(FAT) that runs on window 95, MS-DOS.
But developers also develop new file system which is NTFS that is
intended to meet high end requirements for servers and
workstations.
Window file system is not case sensitive you cannot have file
named file and another filed named file in the same folder. So its
treats these names as the same file.
Window use Backslash, just as DOS did. Like:
C:\users\name

 FAT
FAT is type of file system, which develops for hard
drives and its stand for file allocation table.Its help to extend
the life of hard drive. Today FAT is not use by windows.
FAT8, FAT12, FAT16, FAT32 are all the types of FAT
 NTFS
NTFS(new technology file system) was introduced in
1993 with NT windows and most commonly use file system
for end users.
It provide better method of recovery data and protection
and also offers a number of improvements in terms of
extendibility and security.
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 HPFS
High performance file system was introduced by
Microsoft corporations. Its for servers for provide much
better performance as compare to others.

Describe these file system:

ReiserFS:
An alternative Linux file system optimized for sorting a
huge number of small files. It has good search capabilities and
enables compact allocation of files by storing their trails.

XFS:
A robust journaling file system that was initially created by
Silicon Graphics. In 2001, it made its way to Linux kernel and
now support by Linux. This FS type optimized for storing very big
files and volumes in a single host.

JFS:
A file system developed by IBM for company powerful
computing system . Currently this project is non-open source and
implemented in most modern Linux system.

Btrf:
A file system base on copy writes principle. That is design by
Oracle and supported by mainline Linux kernel since 2009.
Btrf embraces the logical volume manager, better scalability,
easier administration, etc.
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