Mark Owen Z.

Quilatan Biochem quiz 12/13/21

1. One of your relatives found out during an ultrasound that they are expecting a baby girl
with a cleft lip. What will you tell them if they ask you why it happens? 
Answer: I will tell them that it’s the mother’s fault for not taking care of herself during her
pregnancy or the baby’s cleft lip is caused by her/his parents’ genes or the Family’s history. Cleft lip is
often hereditary.

2. Your best friend is expecting and currently in her 2nd trimester, she found out that her
baby has a cleft lip and asks you if her baby will be developmentally disabled, what will
you answer?
Answer: Of course your baby will be developmentally disabled, having such condition
will be too difficult for his lifestyle. Firstly, your baby may experience difficulties in speech
and he will experience bullying for his differences.

3. A mother with a newborn baby with a cleft lip and cleft palate asks you of what are the
problems that they may encounter if she decided not to have their baby undergo
surgery?
Answer: Firstly, the baby will experience difficulty in feeding as a baby. As the baby grow
up, the baby may experience ear infections and hearing loss, dental problems, speech
difficulties, and lastly, challenges of coping with a medical condition, the child may
experience bullying due to differences in appearance.

4. Your brother who had cheiloplasty will start schooling in kindergarten, he has visible
scars from the surgery and has difficulty in speaking properly. What will you advise or
do?
Answer: I’ll just let my brother take his time when he tries to speak. And with his speech-
language pathologist, he can improve by time.

Give 5 sentences on what you have learned  about each of the topics below:

1. Membrane transport
2. Cholesterol
3. Protein
4. Enzymes
5. Cancer
6. Nucleic acid
7. Carbohydrates 

1. Membrane transport refers to the movement of particles (solute) across or through a

membranous barrier. I learned about the two ways of movement of substance which
are the passive transport and active transport.
2. Cholesterol is a waxy type of fat, or lipid, which moves throughout your body in your
blood. Lipids are substances that do not dissolve in water, so they do not come apart in
blood. I learned the types of cholesterol which are the Low-density lipoprotein (LDL),
High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
 3. I learned that protein is an important macronutrient that every cell in the body
needs.
It helps build and repair cells and body tissues, including the skin, hair, muscle,
and bone. Protein is also important for blood clotting, immune system
responses, hormones, and enzymes.
4. I learned that Enzymes are built of proteins folded into complicated shapes; they are
present throughout the body. The chemical reactions that keep us alive – our metabolism
– rely on the work that enzymes carry out. They act as biological catalysts
(Catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without becoming part of
the product or being changed itself). I also learned that Enzymes help speed up chemical reactions
in the human body. (catalyst)

5. I learned that Cancer is a broad term. It describes the disease that results when cellular
changes cause the uncontrolled growth and division of cells. Some types of cancer cause
rapid cell growth, while others cause cells to grow and divide at a slower rate. Certain
forms of cancer result in visible growths called tumors, while others, such as leukemia,
do not. Cancerous cells can form tumors, impair the immune system and cause other
changes that prevent the body from functioning regularly. Cancerous cells may appear
in one area, then spread via the lymph nodes. These are clusters of immune cells
located throughout the body. I also learned the categories of cancer which are
Carcinoma, Sarcoma, Leukemia, Lymphoma, Multiple myeloma, Melanoma.

6. I learned that Nucleic acids are biopolymers, or large biomolecules, essential to all

known forms of life. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomers made
of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The
two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic
acid (RNA). If the sugar is ribose, the polymer is RNA; if the sugar is the ribose
derivative deoxyribose, the polymer is DNA. Nucleic acids are naturally occurring
chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells
and make up the genetic material.

7. I learned that Carbohydrates (also called carbs) are a type of macronutrient found in
certain foods and drinks. Sugars, starches and fiber are carbohydrates. Other
macronutrients include fat and protein. Your body needs these macronutrients to stay
healthy. Carbohydrates are mainly found in plant foods. They also occur in dairy
products in the form of a milk sugar called lactose. Foods high in carbohydrates include
bread, pasta, beans, potatoes, rice, and cereals. Carbohydrates play several roles in living
organisms, including providing energy.