02-12-2021-03-16-14-34598-Aircraft Structure Week 5 - Week 9 - Merged

UNIT PLAN THEORY SUBJECTS -
EDITION 2, UPDATED 12.04.2020

UNIT PLAN SERIAL No. 1623
INSTRUCTIONS FOR FACULTY
1. Teachers teaching B. Tech / AME subjects are advised to make one unit plan for a week.
2. In lesson plan coloumn, subsequent lesson plan numbers has to be written.
3. Write one unit details in one row.
4. For Old Subjects, Unit Plan From Sem 1 to Sem 7, Use Edition 1
School of Aeronautics, Date of Submission of Unit

Name of Institute : 22/10/2021
Neemrana plan
5 AN4 - 03 Aircraft
Subject Course B.Tech (Aeronautical Engineering)
Structures-II (Cr 3)
Week Number 5 Semester Semester : 5
Name of Faculty Mr. Bipin Kumar Dwivedi Email Id of Faculty bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemrana.org
Lesson Plan Aim / Objective of Lesson You Plan To Hours

Material You Planned To Teach
Number Teach Required
13 Shear flow in open sections Shear centre of a thin walled T-section 1

Shear centre of a thin walled I-section
Shear centre of a thin walled L-section
14 Shear flow in open sections Shear centre of a thin walled Z-section 1

Shear centre of a thin walled C-section
Location of shear centre in C-section
15 Shear flow in open sections Shear stress of a semi-circular thin walled section 1
Shear flow of a semi-circular thin walled section
Shear centre of a semi-circular thin walled section
I have scrutinized the lesson plan. There is no spelling mistake or any type of
irrelevant topics / questions
UNIT PLAN THEORY SUBJECTS - EDITION 2, UPDATED 12.04.2020

Neemrana plan
5 AN4 - 03 Aircraft

16 Shear flow in unsymmetrical beam section Shear stress in L-section 1

Shear flow in L-section
Shear stress in Z-section
Shear flow in Z-section
17 Shear flow in closed section beam Shear flow in flanges of Thin walled close 1
rectangular section of beam under bending.
Shear flow in webs of Thin walled close rectangular
section of beam under bending.
Shear stress in flanges of Thin walled close
18 Shear flow in closed section beam Shear flow distribution in flanges of Thin walled 1
close rectangular section of beam under bending.
Shear flow distribution in webs of Thin walled close
Shear stress in webs of Thin walled close

Neemrana plan
5 AN4 - 03 Aircraft

19 Shear flow in closed section beam Bredt- batho formula 1

Single cell closed section beam
Shear flow in Single cell closed section beam under
torsion
20 Shear flow in closed section beam Shear stress in Single cell closed section beam 1
under torsion
Numerical problems on Shear flow in Single cell
closed section beam under torsion
Numerical problems on Shear stress in Single cell
21 Shear flow in closed section beam Shear flow distribution in rectangular Single cell 1
Shear flow distribution in circular Single cell closed
section beam under torsion
Shear stress in rectangular Single cell closed
section beam under torsion

Neemrana plan
5 AN4 - 03 Aircraft

22 Shear flow in closed section beam Shear flow in double rectangular cell closed section 1
beam under torsion
Numerical problems on Shear flow in double
rectangular cell closed section beam under torsion
Numerical problems on Shear stress in double
23 Shear flow in closed section beam Shear flow in triple rectangular cell closed section 1
beam under torsion
Numerical problems on Shear flow in triple
Numerical problems on Shear stress in triple
24 Shear flow in closed section beam Shear flow in triple circular cell closed section beam 1
under torsion
Numerical problems on Shear flow in triple circular
cell closed section beam under torsion
Numerical problems on Shear stress in triple circular
cell closed section beam under torsion

Neemrana plan
5 AN4 - 03 Aircraft

25 Buckling of thin plates Thin plate dimensions 1

Variety of modes
Simplest form of buckling
26 Buckling of thin plates Pure bending of thin plates 1

Direct stress on lamina of plate element
Radius of curvature of neutral plane
27 Buckling of thin plates Anticlastic bending 1

Plate subjected to bending and twisting
Shear stresses due to twisting moments

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LESSON PLAN (THEORY & PRACTICAL SUBJECTS)
Instructions For Faculty
1. Teachers teaching B.Tech subjects are required to make one lesson plans for one hour class (i.e. for 40
hrs. teaching, Credit 4 subject, there should be 40 lesson plans), assignment question should be made in
such a way so that the students will have an idea of type of questions to be asked in Part A, Part B and Part
C of the question paper (both internal & external exams)
2. Teachers teaching A.M.E. subjects are advised to check total number of hours of the syllabus and same
number of lesson plans is to be made.
3. One Lesson Plan is for one hour teaching.
4. All subjects heading of the topic must be clearly mentioned.
5. Teachers are advised to write correct chapter number with correct page number against each assignment
question.
6. All the relevant details should be mentioned in relevant column.
PRACTICAL VIVA QUESTIONS HAS TO BE GIVEN ONLY IN PART A (MIN 20)
Name of School of Aeronautics, Neemrana Date of

Institute Submission
of Lesson
plan
Subject 5AN4 - 03 Aircraft Structures-II Type of Theory

Subject
Course B.Tech (Aeronautical Engineering) Batch Eighteenth

(18)
Semester SEMESTER : 5 Unit Number : UP 5 / Lesson

13Lesson
Corporate Office: H 974, Palam Extn., Part 1, Sec 7, Dwarka, New Delhi
Unit Number (Old Format) ITS NOT ACTIVE ANY MORE FOR
UPDATED VERSION OF LESSON
PLAN - It has not been deleted due to
technical reasons
Phone Number of Faculty : 931-400-9035 Name of Mr. Bipin

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Email Id of bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemrana.org
Faculty
Applicable 26/10/2021
Date of
Execution For
Class
Tie-In and Revision (Ref To The Previous Lesson)
Shear flow in open sections
Questions Will Be Asked By The Teacher To Review The Existing Knowledge
1 What is the location of maximum shear stress in T-section?

2 What is the location of maximum shear stress in I-section?
3 What is the location of maximum shear stress in C-section?
LESSON DETAILS
Objective of Today's Lesson Is To Study
Introduction (Introduction To The Chapter Will Be Given By The Teacher To The Class)
Main Points In Chronological order For Teaching The Mentioned Topic
TEACHING REQUIRED TEACHING AIDS BOOK REF WITH CHAPTER No. &
POINTS PAGE No.
Shear center SLIDE 45 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

of a thin LALIT GUPTA CH-13 PAGE NO
walled T- 49
section
walled I- 49
section

walled L- 49
section
Assignment / Viva Questions Related To Above Lesson Plan (Part A / Level 1)
Questions
Give at least three questions for theory subjects and for practical subjects, atleast 20 Viva Questions
1 What is the location of shear center in T-section?

2 What is the location of shear center in I-section?
3 What is the location of shear center in Z-section?
Assignment Related To Above Lesson Plan (Part B / Level 2)
Questions
Give at least three questions
1 Derive the expression to locate Shear center of a thin walled T-section.

2 Derive the expression to locate Shear center of a thin walled I-section.
3 Derive the expression to locate Shear center of a thin walled H-section.
Assignment Questions Related To Above Lesson Plan (Part C / Level 3), Numerically Oriented or
Elaborative Questions For Theoretically Subjects
Questions
1 Calculate the location of shear center of given T-section in fig-1.

2 Calculate the location of shear center of given L-section in fig-2.
3 Calculate the location of shear center of given Z-section in fig-3.
Upload Scanned Document In Case of Numerical or Diagram For Any of The Above Question / Lesson
Plan
Mention question number with relevant fig / numerical / equations. Max 150 KB
I have scrutinized the lesson plan. There is no spelling mistake or any type of irrelevant topics / questions

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plan

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(18)

14Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty
Date of
Execution For
Class
1 What is the location of shear center in H-section?

2 What is the location of shear center in L-section?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.

walled Z- 49
section
walled C- 52
section
Location of SLIDE 50 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

shear center LALIT GUPTA CH-13 PAGE NO
in C-section 52
Questions
1 What is shear center?

2 Why shear center location is required?
3 Where is the location of shear center in C-section?
Questions
1 Derive the expression to locate Shear center of a thin walled L-section.

2 Derive the expression to locate Shear center of a thin walled Z-section.
3 Derive the expression to locate Shear center of a thin walled C-section.
Questions
1 Calculate the location of shear center of given C-section in fig-1.

2 Calculate the maximum shear stress of the given C-section in fig-1.
3 Calculate the shear flow of the given C-section in fig-1.
Plan

Entry ID: 1704
931-400-9035

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question.

of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

15Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty
Date of
Execution For
Class
1 Why shear center of L-section located at the joint of flange and web?
2 Why shear center of I-section located at centroid?
3 Why shear center of T-section located at the joint of flange and web?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.
Shear stress SLIDE 51 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

of a semi- LALIT GUPTA CH-13 PAGE NO
circular thin 53
walled
section
Shear flow of SLIDE 52 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY
a semi- LALIT GUPTA CH-13 PAGE NO
circular thin 54
walled
section

of a semi- LALIT GUPTA CH-13 PAGE NO
circular thin 54
walled
section
Questions
1 Why shear center of C-section located at outside of the section?

2 What do you mean by semi-circular thin walled section?
3 What is the difference between C- section and semi-circular section?
Questions
1 Derive the expression to calculate the shear stress in a semi-circular thin

walled section.
2 Derive the expression to calculate the shear flow in a semi-circular thin
walled section.
3 Derive the expression to locate the shear center in a semi-circular thin
walled section.
Questions
1 Calculate the location of shear center of given semi-circular thin

walled section in fig-1.
2 Calculate the shear stress of given semi-circular thin walled section in fig-1.
3 Calculate the shear flow of given semi-circular thin walled section in fig-1.
Plan

Entry ID: 1707
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question.

of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

16Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty
Date of
Execution For
Class
1 What is shear center of C-section?

2 What is semi-circular thin walled section?
3 What is shear center semi-circular thin walled section?
LESSON DETAILS
Shear flow in unsymmetrical beam section
POINTS PAGE No.
Shear stress SLIDE 54 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

in L-section BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
9 PAGE NO 499
Shear flow in SLIDE 54 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
L-section BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
9 PAGE NO 499

in Z-section BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
9 PAGE NO 503

Z-section BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
9 PAGE NO 503
Questions
1 Draw the shear flow diagram of L-section.

2 Draw the shear stress diagram of L-section.
3 Draw the shear flow diagram of Z-section.
Questions
1 Derive the expression of shear stress of a thin walled L-section.

2 Derive the expression of shear flow of a thin walled L-section.
3 Derive the expression of shear flow of a thin walled Z-section.
Questions
1 Calculate the maximum shear stress point on the given L-section in fig-1.
2 Calculate the maximum shear stress point on the given Z-section in fig-2.
3 Calculate the shear stress at shear center on the given L-section in fig-1.
Plan

Entry ID: 1746
931-400-9035

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question.
Name of Institute School of Aeronautics, Neemrana Date of

Submission
of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

17Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty
Applicable Date 02/11/2021

of Execution For
Class
1 Draw the shear flow diagram of L-section.

3 Draw the shear flow diagram of Z-section.
LESSON DETAILS
Shear flow in closed section beam
POINTS PAGE No.
Shear flow in SLIDE 56 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY
flanges of Thin T.H.G. MEGSON CH-20 PAGE
walled close NO 571
rectangular
section of
beam under
bending.

webs of Thin T.H.G. MEGSON CH-20 PAGE
walled close NO 571
rectangular
section of
beam under
bending.
Shear stress in SLIDE 57 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

flanges of Thin T.H.G. MEGSON CH-17 PAGE
walled close NO 514
rectangular
section of
beam under
bending.
Questions
1 What do you mean by closed section of beam?

2 Draw the shear flow diagram of rectangular thin walled closed section.
3 Draw the shear stress diagram of rectangular thin walled closed section.
Questions
1 Derive the expression of Shear flow in flanges of Thin walled close rectangular section of beam
under bending.
2 Derive the expression of Shear flow in web of Thin walled close rectangular section of beam under
bending.
3 Derive the expression of Shear stress in web of Thin walled close rectangular section of beam under
bending.
Questions
1 Calculate the shear stress at point A and shear flow in the AE part of the given thin walled
rectangular closed section in fig-1.
2 Calculate and draw the shear stress in the section AD of the given rectangular section in fig-1.
3 Calculate and draw the shear stress in the section DC of the given rectangular section in fig-1.
Plan

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plan

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(18)

18Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty

of Execution For
Class
1 What do you mean by thin walled close rectangular section of beam under bending?
2 What is the shear center of thin walled close rectangular section of beam under bending?
3 What is the shear center of thin walled close circular section of beam under bending?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.
Shear flow SLIDE 58 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY
distribution in T.H.G. MEGSON CH-23 PAGE
flanges of Thin NO 627
walled close
rectangular
section of
beam under
bending.
Shear flow SLIDE 58 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

distribution in T.H.G. MEGSON CH-23 PAGE
webs of Thin NO 627
walled close
rectangular
section of
beam under
bending.
Shear stress in SLIDE 59 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

webs of Thin T.H.G. MEGSON CH-23 PAGE
walled close NO 628
rectangular
section of
beam under
bending.
Questions
1 How to draw the shear flow diagram in the EB part of rectangular thin walled closed section given in
fig-1?
2 How to draw the shear flow diagram in the BC part of rectangular thin walled closed section given in
fig-1?
3 How to draw the shear flow diagram in the CD part of rectangular thin walled closed section given in
fig-1?
Questions
1 Derive the expression of Shear stress in flange AB of given thin walled close rectangular section of
beam under bending in fig-1.
2 Derive the expression of Shear stress in web BC of given thin walled close rectangular section of
3 Derive the expression of Shear stress in web AD of given thin walled close rectangular section of
Questions
1 Calculate the shear stress at point B and shear flow in the BE part of the given thin walled
rectangular closed section in fig-1.
2 Calculate and draw the shear stress in the section BC of the given rectangular section in fig-1.
3 Calculate and draw the shear stress in the section C of the given rectangular section in fig-1.
Plan

Entry ID: 1824
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question.

of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

19Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty
Date of
Execution For
Class
1 What do you mean by thin walled close rectangular section?

2 How does the shear flow in thin walled rectangular section?
3 Draw the shear stress diagram of thin walled close rectangular section.
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.
Bredt- batho SLIDE 60 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

formula BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
3 PAGE NO 162
Single cell SLIDE 61 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
closed BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
section beam 3 PAGE NO 161

Single cell BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
closed 3 PAGE NO 162
section beam
under torsion
Questions
1 What do you mean by torque?

2 What is the angle of twist?
3 What do you mean by Single cell closed section beam under torsion?
Questions
1 Derive and explain the Bredt- batho formula.

2 Derive the expression of toeque for Single cell closed section beam under
torsion.
3 Derive the expression of Shear flow in Single cell closed section beam under
torsion.
Questions
1 Calculate the shear flow in the square thin walled section under tortion of 10 KNm given in the fig-1.
Take G=2.5x10^5 N/cm^2.
2 Find the twist per unit length (β) of the square thin walled section under tortion of 10 KNm given in
the fig-1. Take G=2.5x10^5
N/cm^2.
3 Determine the shear flow and twist per unit length (β) in the circular thin walled section under tortion
of 20 KNm given in the fig-2.
Take G=2.5x10^5 N/cm^2.
Plan

Entry ID: 1827
931-400-9035

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question.

of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

20Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty

of Execution
For Class
1 What is shear flow direction in rectangular thin walled closed section?

2 What is torsion direction in rectangular thin walled closed section?
3 What is twisting direction in rectangular thin walled closed section?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.

in Single cell BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
closed 3 PAGE NO 162
section beam
under torsion
Numerical SLIDE 61 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
problems on BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
Shear flow in 3 PAGE NO 161
Single cell
closed
section beam
under torsion
Numerical SLIDE 61 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

problems on BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
Shear stress 3 PAGE NO 161
in Single cell
closed
section beam
under torsion
Questions
1 What do you mean by “A” in bredt-Batho formula?

2 What is torsion formula in terms of shear flow?
3 What is angle of twist in terms of snear flow?
Questions
1 Derive the expression of shear stress in terms of torsion?

2 Derive the expression of shear flow in terms of torsion?
3 Derive the expression of angle of twist in terms of torsion?
Questions
1 Calculate the shear stress in AB of the square thin walled section under tortion of 10 KNm given in
N/cm^2.
2 Calculate the shear stress in BC of the square thin walled section under tortion of 10 KNm given in
N/cm^2.
3 Determine the shear stress in the circular thin walled section under tortion of 20 KNm given in the
fig-2. Take G=2.5x10^5 N/cm^2.
Plan

Entry ID: 1841
931-400-9035

-
question.

Submission
of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

21Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty

of Execution For
Class
1 What is the difference between twisting angle of twist and torsion of shaft?
2 What is pure shear?
3 What is the difference between bending stress and shear stress?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.
Shear flow SLIDE 62 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
distribution in BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
rectangular 3 PAGE NO 166
Single cell
closed section
beam under
torsion
Shear flow SLIDE 61 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

distribution in BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
circular Single 3 PAGE NO 164
cell closed
section beam
under torsion
Shear stress in SLIDE 61 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

rectangular BY GERE & TIMOSHENKO CH-
Single cell 3 PAGE NO 157
closed section
beam under
torsion
Questions
1 What is the rate of change of the angle of twist (φ)?

2 What is the angle of twist per unit length (β)?
3 What is the torsional rigidity of the shaft?
Questions
1 Derive the expression of the total angle of twist (φ) in terms of polar
moment of inertia of hallow circular shaft.
2 Derive the expression of maximum shear stress in a hallow circular shaft.
3 Derive the expression of shear flow in a hallow circular shaft.
Questions
1 Find the shear flow and shrea stress in AB section of the two tube structure
Given in fig-1. Take G=25x10^5N/cm^2 and thickness t=0.1cm.
2 Find the shear flow and shrea stress in BC section of the two tube structure
Given in fig-1. Take G=25x10^5N/cm^2 and thickness t=0.1cm.
3 Find the twist per unit length of the given section ABEF of two tube
Structure given in fig-1. Take G=25x10^5N/cm^2 and thickness t=0.1cm.
Plan

Entry ID: 1848
931-400-9035

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question.

Submission
of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

22Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty

of Execution For
Class
1 What is poisson’s ratio?

2 What is shear modulus of elasticity?
3 What is hook’s law in shear?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.

double T.H.G. MEGSON CH-23 PAGE
rectangular NO 610
cell closed
section beam
under torsion
Numerical SLIDE 63 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY
problems on T.H.G. MEGSON CH-23 PAGE
Shear flow in NO 610
double
rectangular
cell closed
section beam
under torsion

Shear stress in NO 610
double
rectangular
cell closed
section beam
under torsion
Questions
1 What is strain energy?

2 What is pure torsion?
Questions
1 Derive the expression of bredt-Batho formula for double rectangular cell closed section beam under
torsion.
2 Derive the expression of twisting angle per unit length foe double rectangular cell closed section
beam under torsion.
3 Derive the expression of shear flow for double rectangular cell closed section beam under torsion.
Questions
1 Calculate the shear flow in sections AB and BC of double rectangular cell
closed section beam under torsion given in fig-1.
2 Calculate the shear flow in the section BH of double rectangular cell
3 Calculate the twisting per unit length of double rectangular cell
Plan

Entry ID: 1864
931-400-9035

-
question.

Submission
of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

23Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty

of Execution For
Class
1 What do you mean by thin walled tube?

2 What do you mean by double rectangular cell closed section beam under
torsion?
3 What is relation between shear flow and torsion of shaft?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.
triple T.H.G. MEGSON CH-23 PAGE
rectangular NO 610
cell closed
section beam
under torsion

triple
rectangular
cell closed
section beam
under torsion

Shear stress in NO 610
triple
rectangular
cell closed
section beam
under torsion
Questions
1 What is relation between angle of twist and torsion of shaft?

2 What do you mean by torsional rigidity of a bar?
3 What is relation between shear flow and shear stress?
Questions
1 Derive the expression of bredt-Batho formula for triple rectangular cell

closed section beam under torsion.
2 Derive the expression of twisting angle per unit length for triple
rectangular cell closed section beam under torsion.
3 Derive the expression of shear flow for triple rectangular cell closed
section beam under torsion.
Questions
1 Calculate the shear flow in sections AB and BH of triple rectangular cell

2 Calculate the shear flow in sections BC and DH of triple rectangular cell
3 Calculate the shear flow in sections EF and GH of triple rectangular cell
Plan

Entry ID: 1895
931-400-9035

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question.

of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

24Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty

of Execution
For Class
1 What is first moment of area?

2 What is relation between shear flow and first moment of area?
3 What is relation between shear stress and first moment of area?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.

triple circular T.H.G. MEGSON CH-23 PAGE
cell closed NO 610
section beam
under torsion
triple circular
cell closed
section beam
under torsion

Shear stress NO 610
in triple
circular cell
closed
section beam
under torsion
Questions
1 Draw the shear flow (q1 ) direction in section ABD of the given circular
Section in fig-1.
2 Draw the shear flow (q2) direction in section ABC of the given circular
Section in fig-1.
3 Draw the shear flow (q3) direction in section BDC of the given circular
Section in fig-1.
Questions
1 Derive the expression of shear flow in terms of torsion of circular triple

Cell closed section beam under torsion.
2 Derive the expression of shear stress in terms of torsion of circular triple
Cell closed section beam under torsion.
3 Derive the expression of angle of twist in terms of shear flow of circular
Triple cell closed section beam under torsion.
Questions
1 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections AB of circular triple cell
2 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections BC of circular triple cell
3 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections BD of circular triple cell
Plan

Entry ID: 1896
931-400-9035

-
question.

Submission
of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

25Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty

of Execution For
Class
1 What do you know about single cell under bending?

2 Why shear flow moves linearly in flange of the cross section?
3 Why shear flow moves parabolically in web of the cross section?
LESSON DETAILS
Buckling of thin plates
POINTS PAGE No.
Thin plate Slide 64 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

dimensions T.H.G. MEGSON CH-9 PAGE
NO 295
Variety of Slide 64 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY
modes T.H.G. MEGSON CH-9 PAGE
NO 295
Simplest form Slide 64 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

of buckling T.H.G. MEGSON CH-9 PAGE
NO 295
Questions
1 What do you mean by thin rectangular plate?

2 What do you mean by buckling?
3 What is flexural rigidity of the plate?
Questions
1 Derive the expression of flexural rigidity in terms of poision’s ratio ‫ﬠ‬.

2 Derive the relation between moment, curvature and flexural rigidity.
3 Derive the expression of direct stress on rectangular plate in terms of
poision’s ratio ‫ ﬠ‬and radius of curveture.
Questions
1 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections AD of circular triple cell
2 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections AC of circular triple cell
3 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections CD of circular triple cell
Plan

Entry ID: 1995
931-400-9035

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question.

of Lesson
plan

Subject

(18)

26Lesson
technical reasons

Faculty Kumar
Dwivedi
Faculty
Date of
Execution For
Class
1 What is anticlastic surface?

2 What is principal moment in case of thin plates?
3 What is principal curveture?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.
Pure bending SLIDE 65 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

of thin plates T.H.G. MEGSON CH-7 PAGE
NO 219
Driect stress SLIDE 66 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY
on lamina of T.H.G. MEGSON CH-7 PAGE
plate element NO 220
Radius of SLIDE 67 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

curvature of T.H.G. MEGSON CH-7 PAGE
neutral plane NO 220
Questions
1 What is shear strain in case of thin plates?

2 What is the distributed transverse load?
3 What do you mean by free edge in case of thin plates?
Questions
1 Derive and explain the free edge in case of thin plates.

2 Derive and explain the built-in edge in case of thin plates.
3 Derive the general solution for a thin rectangular plate under a transvers
Questions
1 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections AB of unsymmetrical

L- section given in fig-1.
2 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections BD of unsymmetrical
L- section given in fig-1.
3 Calculate the shear flow and shear stress in sections AD of unsymmetrical
Z- section given in fig-2.
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1 What is twisting moment of the plate?

2 What is fourier series?
3 What is the deflection w as an fourier series?
LESSON DETAILS
POINTS PAGE No.
Anticlastic Slide 68 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

bending T.H.G. MEGSON CH-7 PAGE
NO 222
Plate Slide 69 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY
subjected to T.H.G. MEGSON CH-7 PAGE
bending and NO 223
twisting
Shear Slide 70 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

stresses due T.H.G. MEGSON CH-7 PAGE
to tiwsting NO 224
moments
Questions
1 What is the simple supported edge of the thin plate?

2 What is the Maximum deflection of the thin plate?
3 What is the combined bending of the thin plate?
Questions
1 Explain about the Anticlastic bending?

2 Explain about the bending and twisting moments applied to the plate.
3 Derive the expression of the deflection w as an fourier series.
Questions
1 A thin rectangular plate a x b is simply supported along its edges and carries
A uniformaly distributed load of intensity qo. Determine the deflected form
of the plate.
2 A thin rectangular plate a x b is simply supported along its edges and carries
a uniformaly distributed load of intensity qo. Determine the distribution of
bending moment.
3 Show that the deflection function
w = A(x2y2- b x2y - ax y2 + abxy) is valid for a rectangular plate of sides a
and b, built in on all four edges and subjected to a uninformaly distributed
load of intensity q.
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Name of Faculty Mr Bipin Dwivedi

Batch Combined Course B.Tech (Aeronautical Engineering)

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Date of Submission of Lesson 01/11/2021 Email Id of bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemrana.org

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Name of Study Centre School of Aeronautics, Neemrana

Subject
5 AN4 - 03 Aircraft Structures-II (Cr 3)

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Lesson Plan Number of The Class 13

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Topic / Objective of Lesson Shear flow in open sections

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Summary of The Lesson After completion of this lesson plan students can able to calculate Shear flow in open
sections.
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Time of Class *
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Date of Submission of QP 08/08/2019
12/2/2021 I!!
Name of Faculty *
Dr Bipin Kumar Dwivedi
Date of Class * DD/MM/YYYY
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Subject * .... Course* ....
Aircraft Structure-II BTech (aeronautical engg)
Batch
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Email Id of Faculty:* Phone Number of Faculty* ##########

bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemran 9314009035
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Lesson Plan Number of the Class Lesson-13
Topic / Objective of Lesson Shear flow in open sections

Essential Question for the Lesson
1 What is the location of maximum shear stress in T-section?

2 What is the location of maximum shear stress in I-section?
3 What is the location of maximum shear stress in C-section?
Question / Assignment Question Notes / Lesson for the Day
PART-A Shear center is a point on the beam-

1 What is the location of section where the application of loads
shear center in T-section? does not cause its twisting. ... So, in
2 What is the location of unsymmetrical cross-sections, the
shear center in I-section? external forces shall pass through
3 What is the location of the shear center rather than the center of
shear center in Z-section? gravity of the section otherwise the
PART-B produced bending moment would be
1 Derive the expression accompanied by twisting.
to locate Shear center of shear centre The point where a shear force
a thin walled T-section. can act without producing any twist in the
2 Derive the expression section. In general not the centroid, but a
to locate Shear center of point through which a force transverse to
a thin walled I-section. the axis of a beam section can act and not
3 Derive the expression cause any twisting of the beam section.
to locate Shear center of The formula for shear stress is tau = F / A,
a thin walled H-section. where 'F' is the applied force on the
PART-C member, and 'A' is the cross-sectional
1 Calculate the location area of the member.
of shear center of given A point on the cross sectional plane of
T-section in fig-1. a beam or a section coincident with its
2 Calculate the location planes of symmetry, through which any
of shear center of given applied transverse shear load (including
L-section in fig-2. oblique shear load) will cause bending
3 Calculate the location without any twisting of the beam, such a
of shear center of given point is called a 'shear center'.
Z-section in fig-3. The location of the shear center is independent
of the direction and magnitude of the
transverse forces. For singly symmetrical
sections, the shear center lies on the axis
of symmetry, while for a beam with two
axes of symmetry, the shear center
coincides with their point of intersection
(also the centroid). It is not necessary, in
general, for the shear center to lie on a
principal axis, and it may be located
outside the cross section of the beam.
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1 What is the location of shear center in H-section?

2 What is the location of shear center in L-section?
PART-A Shear center is defined as the point on the

1 What is shear center? beam section where load is applied and
2 Why shear center no twisting is produced. - At shear center,
location is required? resultant of internal forces passes the
3 Where is the location shear centre is the centre of rotation for a
of shear center in C- section of thin walled beam subjected to
section? pure shear.
PART-B INTRODUCTION Thin-walled sections as
1 Derive the expression produced by fabrication and by extrusion
to locate Shear center of have become increasingly important due
a thin walled L-section. to their economy of material use and
2 Derive the expression manufacture. Although shear stress levels
to locate Shear center of in these structures are often negligibly
a thin walled Z-section. small, the position of the shear centre in
3 Derive the expression the section can be of crucial significance
to locate Shear center of to the designer where twisting of the
a thin walled C-section. section is undesirable. The solution to the
PART-C general problem of combined bending and
1 Calculate the location torsion is well known and can in principle
of shear center of given be solved (1)t for any arbitrary section.
C-section in fig-1. The location of the shear centre is of
2 Calculate the particular importance in thinwalled
maximum shear stress of sections where, under certain
the given C-section in fig- assumptions, a greatly simplified theory is
1. appropriate.
3 Calculate the shear The shear center for cross-sectional areas
flow of the given C- having one axis of symmetry, is
section in fig-1. always located on the axis of symmetry.
In the case of the I-beam which is
symmetrical about both the x-axis and y-
axis, the shear center coincides with the
centroid of the section.
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1 Why shear center of L-section located at the joint of flange and web?
2 Why shear center of I-section located at centroid?
3 Why shear center of T-section located at the joint of flange and web?
PART-A shear centre (plural shear centres) (mechanics)

1 Why shear center of The point where a shear force can act
C-section located at without producing any twist in the section.
outside of the section? In general not the centroid, but a point
2 What do you mean by through which a force transverse to the
semi-circular thin walled axis of a beam section can act and not
section? cause any twisting of the beam section.
3 What is the difference For circular section beam, the shear stress
between C- section and distribution has a parabolic variation. The
semi-circular section? shear stress is maximum when y=0, at the
PART-B neutral axis. The maximum shear stress
1 Derive the expression will be 4/3times of average shear stress.
to calculate the shear For I section, the shear stress distribution
stress in a semi-circular is parabolic in the flange and web.
thin To avoid twisting, and cause only bending, it is
walled section. necessary for the forces to act through the
2 Derive the expression particular point, which may not coincide
to calculate the shear flow with the centroid. Shear center is defined
in a semi-circular thin as the point on the beam section where
walled section. load is applied and no twisting is
3 Derive the expression produced. - At shear center, resultant of
to locate the shear center internal forces passes.
in a semi-circular thin For a given structure, the shear center is the
walled section. point in space at which shear force could
PART-C be applied without causing torsional
1 Calculate the location deformation (e.g. twisting) of the cross-
of shear center of given section of the structure.[4] The shear
semi-circular thin center is an imaginary point, but does not
walled section in fig-1. vary with the magnitude of the shear force
2 Calculate the shear - only the cross-section of the structure.
stress of given semi- The shear center always lies along the
circular thin walled axis of symmetry, and can be found using
section in fig-1. the following method:
3 Calculate the shear
flow of given semi-circular Apply an arbitrary resultant shear force
thin walled section in fig- Calculate the shear flows from this shear force
1. Choose a reference point o an arbitrary distance
e from the point of application of the load
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Topic / Objective of Lesson Objective scope and outcome of the syllabus

shear flow is used in solid mechanics as well

as in fluid dynamics. The
expression shear flow is used to indicate:
a shear stress over a distance in a thin-
walled structure.
For thin-walled profiles, such as that through a
beam or semi-monocoque structure, the
shear stress distribution through the
thickness can be neglected.[2]
Furthermore, there is no shear stress in
the direction normal to the wall, only
parallel.[2] In these instances, it can be
useful to express internal shear stress as
shear flow, which is found as the shear
stress multiplied by the thickness of the
section. An equivalent definition for shear
flow is the shear force V per unit length of
the perimeter around a thin-walled
section. Shear flow has the dimensions of
force per unit of length.[1] This
corresponds to units of newtons per
meter.
When a transverse force is applied to a beam,
the result is variation in bending normal
stresses along the length of the beam.
This variation causes a horizontal shear
stress within the beam that varies with
distance from the neutral axis in the
beam. The concept of complementary
shear then dictates that a shear stress
also exists across the cross section of the
beam, in the direction of the original
transverse force.[3] As described above, in
thin-walled structures, the variation along
the thickness of the member can be
neglected, so the shear stress across the
cross section of a beam that is composed
of thin-walled elements can be examined
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Topic / Objective of Lesson Shear flow in closed section beam


Summary of The Lesson After completion of this lesson students will able to calculate Shear flow in closed
section beam.

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TOPIC DETAILS
Topic / Objective of Lesson Shear flow in closed section beam

1 Draw the shear flow diagram of L-section.

3 Draw the shear flow diagram of Z-section.
PART-A The resultant shear force passes through

1 What do you mean by the shear center of the closed section.
closed section of beam? Therefore, we know that in such a loading,
2 Draw the shear flow the beam will bend without twisting.
diagram of rectangular The shear flow distribution at a given cross
thin walled closed section is determined by writing the
section. equation VQ/I, which is basically
3 Draw the shear stress the shear stress multiplied by 't'. ... In
diagram of rectangular each of these shear flow diagrams, the
thin walled closed maximum shear flow occurs at the
section. neutral axis, which passes through the
PART-B centroid of the section.
1 Derive the expression Rectangular sections
of Shear flow in flanges of For rectangular cross sections, the maximum
Thin walled close shear stress, which occurs at the neutral
rectangular section of axis, becomes:
beam under bending. where h is the height of the rectangular cross
2 Derive the expression section; all other variables are as defined
of Shear flow in web of for Equation 8.8. Alternatively, one can
Thin walled close solve for the required cross-sectional
rectangular section of area, Areq = bh (in2) as the basis for
beam under bending. designing or analyzing a rectangular
3 Derive the expression beam for shear, corresponding to an
of Shear stress in web of allowable shear stress, τallow (psi or ksi)
Thin walled close for maximum shear force, V (lb or kips). In
rectangular section of this case, one gets:
beam under bending. This is the basis for checking shear in timber
PART-C beams, which are almost always
1 Calculate the shear rectangular (Figure 8.10). Reinforced
stress at point A and concrete beams behave in a more
shear flow in the AE part complex manner, and special procedures
of the given thin walled for dealing with shear, or diagonal tension,
rectangular closed have been developed.
section in fig-1.
2 Calculate and draw
the shear stress in the
section AD of the given
rectangular section in fig-
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closed section beam.

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TOPIC DETAILS

1 What do you mean by thin walled close rectangular section of beam under
bending?
2 What is the shear center of thin walled close rectangular section of beam
under bending?
3 What is the shear center of thin walled close circular section of beam under
bending?
PART-A Shear Flow – Bending Stress Theory

To begin with, let us consider a simply supported beam and
1 How to draw the shear arbitrary vertical shear and bending moment loads on
flow diagram in the EB the left hand side of a segment of this beam. See the
part of rectangular thin FBD of this segment in the figure below:
walled closed section
Shear Flow Beam Segment
given in fig-1? Shear Flow Beam Segment
2 How to draw the shear Firstly, we need to remember that the vertical shear stress on
flow diagram in the BC a given area within the beam segment must equal the
part of rectangular thin horizontal plane shear stress for equilibrium. And also
the LHS and RHS shears must be equal on segment
walled closed section ‘a’ for equilibrium.
given in fig-1?
3 How to draw the shear At the left hand side of segment ‘a’:
flow diagram in the CD Bending Stress F_LHS = M*y/I
part of rectangular thin
walled closed section At the right hand side of segment ‘a’, we now have an
given in fig-1? additional moment due to V at a distance ‘a’ from the
FBD:
PART-B
1 Derive the expression Bending Stress F_RHS = M*(y/I)+V*a*(y/I)
of Shear stress in flange
AB of given thin walled We can see from the figure and the equation above, the top
hatched segment of the beam segment ‘a’ has an
close rectangular section unbalanced force Delta P due to applied bending
of beam under bending in stress.
fig-1.
The out of balance load on the vertical face of the hatched
2 Derive the expression portion of segment ‘a’ is therefore:
of Shear stress in web BC
of given thin walled close Delta P = V*a*(y/I)*Delta A
rectangular section of
This load has to be balanced with the horizontal plane shear
beam under bending in load at y’.
fig-1.
3 Derive the expression The shear stress in the horizontal plane at the top is zero and
of Shear stress in web AD highest at y’ for this particular portion.
of given thin walled close Therefore:
rectangular section of
beam under bending in fs*(a*b) = Integral (y’, ymax) (V*a*y/I)dA
fig-1. Hence:
PART-C
1 Calculate the shear fs*(a*b) = (V*a*y/I)*Integral (y’, ymax)dA
stress at point B and
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TOPIC DETAILS

1 What do you mean by thin walled close rectangular section?

2 How does the shear flow in thin walled rectangular section?
3 Draw the shear stress diagram of thin walled close rectangular section.
PART-A The theory of the torsion of closed tubes is

1 What do you mean by known as the Bredt-Batho theory. O q ds
torque? ds r Tq ds rqr ds For any thin-walled tube,
2 What is the angle of the shear stress at any point of the tube
twist? where the wall thickness is t
3 What do you mean by
Single cell closed section
beam under torsion? Shear stress at any section is given by, τ =
PART-B VQ/It
1 Derive and explain the where Q = Statical moment of area of the
Bredt- batho formula. shaded part (Fig. 11).
2 Derive the expression
of toeque for Single cell
closed section beam
under bw . For the web,
torsion.
3 Derive the expression For the flange,
of Shear flow in Single
cell closed section beam
under where V = applied shear force
torsion. I = moment of inertia of the whole section
PART-C If originally plane sections remained plane after
1 Calculate the shear twist, the torsional rigidity could be
flow in the square thin calculated simply as the product of the
walled section under polar moment of inertia (Ip = Ixx + Iyy)
tortion of 10 KNm given in multiplied by (G), the shear modulus, viz.
the fig-1. Take G. (Ixx + Iyy). Here Ixx and Iyy are the
G=2.5x10^5 N/cm^2. moments of inertia about the principal
2 Find the twist per unit axes.
length (β) of the square Thin-walled closed tubes of non-circular section
thin walled section under (Bredt-Batho theory)
tortion of 10 KNm given in Consider the thin-walled closed tube shown in
the fig-1. Take Fig. 5.6 subjected to a torque T about the
G=2.5x10^5 N/cm^2. Z axis, i.e. in a transverse plane. Both the cross-
3 Determine the shear section and the wall thickness around the
flow and twist per unit periphery may be irregular as shown, but for the
length (β) in the circular purposes of this simplified treatment it
thin walled section under must be assumed that the thickness does not
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TOPIC DETAILS

1 What is shear flow direction in rectangular thin walled closed section?

2 What is torsion direction in rectangular thin walled closed section?
3 What is twisting direction in rectangular thin walled closed section?
PART-A the hollow circular section bar which is,

1 What do you mean by however, a special case of the solid
“A” in bredt-Batho circular section bar. The prediction of
formula? stress distributions and angles of twist
2 What is torsion produced by the torsion of such sections
formula in terms of shear is complex and relies on the St. Venant
flow? warping function or Prandtl stress function
3 What is angle of twist methods of solution. Both of these
in terms of snear flow? methods are based on the theory of
PART-B elasticity which may be found in advanced
1 Derive the expression texts devoted solely to this topic. Even so,
of shear stress in terms of exact solutions exist for only a few
torsion? practical cases, one of which is the
2 Derive the expression circular section bar.
of shear flow in terms of
torsion? The behavior of closed and open section beams
3 Derive the expression under torsional loads is similar in that they
of angle of twist in terms twist and develop internal shear stress
of torsion? systems. However, the manner in which
PART-C each resists torsion is different. It is clear
1 Calculate the shear from the preceding discussion that a pure
stress in AB of the square torque applied to a beam section
thin walled section under produces a closed, continuous shear
tortion of 10 KNm given in stress system since the resultant of any
the fig-1. Take other shear stress system would generally
G=2.5x10^5 N/cm^2. be a shear force unless, of course, the
2 Calculate the shear system were self-equilibrating. In a closed
stress in BC of the square section beam this closed loop system of
thin walled section under shear stresses is allowed to develop in a
tortion of 10 KNm given in continuous path round the cross section,
the fig-1. Take whereas in an open section beam it can
G=2.5x10^5 N/cm^2. only develop within the thickness of the
3 Determine the shear walls. Expressions for the bending and
stress in the circular thin shear displacements of unsymmetrical
walled section under thin-walled beams may also be
tortion of 20 KNm given in determined by the unit load method. They
the fig-2. Take are complex for the general case and are
G=2.5x10^5 N/cm^2. most easily derived from first principles by
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1 What is the difference between twisting angle of twist and torsion of shaft?
3 What is the difference between bending stress and shear stress?
PART-A the shear flow variation starting from a free

1 What is the rate of edge where we know q = 0. In beams
change of the angle of having closed cross sections, however,
twist (φ)? there is no free edge, the resultant shear
2 What is the angle of force passes through the shear center of
twist per unit length (β)? the closed section.
3 What is the torsional q = VQ. I. where V = the shear force at that
rigidity of the shaft? section; Q = the first moment of the
PART-B portion of the area (above the horizontal
1 Derive the expression line where the shear is being calculated)
of the total angle of twist about the neutral axis; and I = moment of
(φ) in terms of polar inertia of the cross-sectional area of the
moment of inertia of beam. The quantity q is also known as the
hallow circular shaft. shear flow.
2 Derive the expression The maximum shear stress occurs at the neutral
of maximum shear stress axis of the beam and is calculated by:
in a hallow circular shaft. where A = b·h is the area of the cross
3 Derive the expression section. Note that the maximum shear
of shear flow in a hallow stress in the cross section is 50% higher
circular shaft. than the average stress V/A.
PART-C A beam of rectangular cross-section is
1 Find the shear flow subjected to a bending moment M (N·m)
and shrea stress in AB and a maximum shear force V (N). The
section of the two tube bending stress in the beam is calculated
structure as σ=6M/bd2 (Pa), and average shear
Given in fig-1. Take stress is calculated as τ=3V/2bd (Pa),
G=25x10^5N/cm^2 and where b is the width and d is the depth of
thickness t=0.1cm. the beam.
2 Find the shear flow Shear stress is the force, F, acting on a given
and shrea stress in BC section divided by the cross sectional
section of the two tube area, A, of the section, calculated in the
structure direction of the force. E.G., for a force, F,
Given in fig-1. Take normal to the surface of a beam having a
G=25x10^5N/cm^2 and cross sectional area of A, the shear stress
thickness t=0.1cm. is = F/A.
3 Find the twist per unit
length of the given
section ABEF of two tube
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Time of Class *
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12/2/2021 I!!
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Topic / Objective of Lesson Objective scope and outcome of the syllabus

1 What is poisson’s ratio?

2 What is shear modulus of elasticity?
3 What is hook’s law in shear?
PART-A he concept of shear flow is particularly useful

1 What is strain energy? when analyzing semi-monocoque
2 What is pure torsion? structures, which can be idealized using
3 What is pure shear? the skin-stringer model. In this model, the
PART-B longitudinal members, or stringers, carry
1 Derive the expression only axial stress, while the skin or web
of bredt-Batho formula for resists the externally applied torsion and
double rectangular cell shear force.[3] In this case, since the skin
closed section beam is a thin-walled structure, the internal
under torsion. shear stresses in the skin can be
2 Derive the expression represented as shear flow. In design, the
of twisting angle per unit shear flow is sometimes known before the
length foe double skin thickness is determined, in which
rectangular cell closed case the skin thickness can simply be
section beam under sized according to allowable shear stress.
torsion. For a given structure, the shear center is the
3 Derive the expression point in space at which shear force could
of shear flow for double be applied without causing torsional
rectangular cell closed deformation (e.g. twisting) of the cross-
section beam under section of the structure.[4] The shear
torsion. center is an imaginary point, but does not
PART-C vary with the magnitude of the shear force
1 Calculate the shear - only the cross-section of the structure.
flow in sections AB and The shear center always lies along the
BC of double rectangular axis of symmetry, and can be found using
cell the following method:[3]
closed section beam
under torsion given in fig- Apply an arbitrary resultant shear force
1. Calculate the shear flows from this shear force
2 Calculate the shear Choose a reference point o an arbitrary distance
flow in the section BH of e from the point of application of the load
double rectangular cell Calculate the moment about o using both shear
closed section beam flows and the resultant shear force, and
under torsion given in fig- equate the two expressions. Solve for e
1. The distance e and the axis of symmetry give
3 Calculate the twisting the coordinate for the shear center,
per unit length of double independent of the shear force magnitude.
rectangular cell
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Summary of The Lesson Shear flow in closed section beam.

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1 What do you mean by thin walled tube?

2 What do you mean by double rectangular cell closed section beam under
torsion?
3 What is relation between shear flow and torsion of shaft?
PART-A the torsional rigidity could be calculated simply

1 What is relation as the product of the polar moment of
between angle of twist inertia (Ip = Ixx + Iyy) multiplied by (G), the
and torsion of shaft? shear modulus, viz. G. (Ixx + Iyy). Here
2 What do you mean by Ixx and Iyy are the moments of inertia
torsional rigidity of a bar? about the principal axes.
3 What is relation T = torque or twisting moment, [N×m, lb×in] J =
between shear flow and polar moment of inertia or polar second
shear stress? moment of area about shaft axis, [m4, in4]
PART-B τ = shear stress at outer fibre, [Pa, psi] r =
1 Derive the expression radius of the shaft, [m, in]
of bredt-Batho formula for Torsion in beams arises generally from the
triple rectangular cell action of shear loads whose points of
closed section beam application do not coincide with the shear
under torsion. centre of the beam section.
2 Derive the expression Torsion happens when the torque causes a
of twisting angle per unit shear stress to be applied on the body.
length for triple The main difference between torque and
rectangular cell closed torsion is that torque describes something
section beam under that is capable of producing an angular
torsion. acceleration, whereas torsion describes
3 Derive the expression the twist formed in a body due to a torque.
of shear flow for triple Shear stresses arise when forces act tangential
rectangular cell closed to the surface of the body in opposite
section beam under directions. ... Torsional stresses arise
torsion. when a twisting force acts on a body due
PART-C to the applied torque. Shafts are mostly
1 Calculate the shear subjected to torsional stresses.
flow in sections AB and Definition of torsion. 1 : the twisting or
BH of triple rectangular wrenching of a body by the exertion of
cell forces tending to turn one end or part
closed section beam about a longitudinal axis while the other is
under torsion given in fig- held fast or turned in the opposite
1. direction also : the state of being twisted.
2 Calculate the shear 2 : the twisting of a bodily organ or part on
flow in sections BC and its own axis
DH of triple rectangular
cell
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in table format.
Time of Class *
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TOPIC DETAILS

1 What is first moment of area?

2 What is relation between shear flow and first moment of area?
3 What is relation between shear stress and first moment of area?
PART-A Torque on a shaft causes shear stress. The

1 Draw the shear flow torsion, or twist, induced when torque is
(q1 ) direction in section applied to a shaft causes a distribution of
ABD of the given circular stress over the shaft's cross-sectional
Section in fig-1. area. ... Shear stress depends on the
2 Draw the shear flow applied torque, the distance along the
(q2) direction in section radius of the shaft, and the polar moment
ABC of the given circular of inertia.
Section in fig-1. Here are two useful hints to help us determine
3 Draw the shear flow our shear flow direction: The net effect of
(q3) direction in section the shear flow will result in the shear force
BDC of the given circular V acting on the cross-section. This means
Section in fig-1. that the vertical regions of the cross-
PART-B section should generally have q in the
1 Derive the expression same direction as V.
of shear flow in terms of ℓ is the length of the object the torque is being
torsion of circular triple applied to or over. φ is the angle of twist in
Cell closed section radians . G is the shear modulus, also
beam under torsion. called the modulus of rigidity , and is
2 Derive the expression usually given in gigapascals (GPa), lbf/in2
of shear stress in terms of (psi), or lbf/ft2.
torsion of circular triple Torsion happens when the torque causes a
Cell closed section shear stress to be applied on the body.
beam under torsion. The main difference between torque and
3 Derive the expression torsion is that torque describes something
of angle of twist in terms that is capable of producing an angular
of shear flow of circular acceleration, whereas torsion describes
Triple cell closed the twist formed in a body due to a torque.
section beam under If a torque (or moment) is applied to the end of a
torsion. circular bar as shown, the bar will twist an
PART-C angle θ. This angle will be a function of
1 Calculate the shear the bar length, L, and stiffness, G (shear
flow and shear stress in modulus). The twist angle, θ, starts at 0
sections AB of circular and increases linearly as a function of x.
triple cell If a material is subjected to twisting by the
closed section beam application of a couple a shear stress will
under torsion given in fig- be induced within the material. If a couple
1. is applied to a cylindrical rod in such a
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Topic / Objective of Lesson Buckling of thin plates


Summary of The Lesson After completion of this lesson plan students can able to calculate Buckling of thin
plates.

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12:25 PM to 01:25PM
12/2/2021 I!!
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TOPIC DETAILS

1 What do you know about single cell under bending?

2 Why shear flow moves linearly in flange of the cross section?
3 Why shear flow moves parabolically in web of the cross section?
PART-A Steel plates are widely used in buildings,

1 What do you mean by bridges, automobiles and ships. Unlike
thin rectangular plate? beams and columns, which have lengths
2 What do you mean by longer than the other two dimensions and
buckling? so are modeled as linear members, steel
3 What is flexural rigidity plates have widths comparable to their
of the plate? lengths and so are modeled as two-
PART-B dimensional plane members. Just as long
1 Derive the expression slender columns undergo instability in the
of flexural rigidity in terms form of buckling, steel plates under
of poision’s ratio ‫ﬠ‬. membrane compression also tend to
2 Derive the relation buckle out of their plane. The buckled
between moment, shape depends on the loading and
curvature and flexural support conditions in both length and
rigidity. width directions. However, unlike columns,
3 Derive the expression plates continue to carry loads even after
of direct stress on buckling in a stable manner. Their post-
rectangular plate in terms buckling strengths, especially in the case
of of slender plates, can thus be
poision’s ratio ‫ ﬠ‬and substantially greater than the
radius of curveture. corresponding buckling strengths. This
PART-C property is of great interest to structural
1 Calculate the shear engineers as it can be utilized to their
flow and shear stress in advantage.
sections AD of circular
triple cell the expression for the critical buckling strength,
closed section beam of a flat plate simply supported on all four
under torsion given in fig- sides, is derived. The post-buckling
1. behaviour of plates is described in terms
2 Calculate the shear of both stability and strength and
flow and shear stress in compared with the post-buckling
sections AC of circular behaviour of a column. The concept of
triple cell effective width is introduced to tackle the
closed section beam non-uniform distribution of stress in
under torsion given in fig- practical plates before and after buckling.
1.
3 Calculate the shear
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Time of Class *
12:25 PM to 01:25PM
12/2/2021 I!!
Name of Faculty *
11/26/2021 !
Batch
.., Semester * ..,
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TOPIC DETAILS

1 What is anticlastic surface?

2 What is principal moment in case of thin plates?
3 What is principal curveture?
PART-A buckling is the sudden change in shape of a

1 What is shear strain in structural component under load such as
case of thin plates? the bowing of a column under
2 What is the distributed compression or the wrinkling of a plate
transverse load? under shear.
3 What do you mean by The unloaded edges of rectangular plates can
free edge in case of thin be either simply supported (ss), clamped
plates? (c) or free. (The sliding boundary
PART-B conditions will convert the eigenvalue
1 Derive and explain the problem into the equilibrium problem and
free edge in case of thin therefore are not considered in the
plates. buckling analysis of plates). The loaded
2 Derive and explain the edges could be either simply supported or
built-in edge in case of clamped. This gives rise to ten different
thin plates. combination. The buckling coefficient is
3 Derive the general plotted against the plate aspect ratio a/b
solution for a thin for all these combinations. It is seen that
rectangular plate under a the lowest buckling coefficient with m = 1
transvers corresponds to a simply supported plate
load. on three edges and free on the fourth
PART-C edge. An approximate analytical solution
1 Calculate the shear for the case “E” was derived by
flow and shear stress in Timoshenko and Gere in the form kc =
sections AB of 0.456 + b a 2 .For example kc = 0.706 for
unsymmetrical a/b = 2, which is very close to the value
L- section given in fig- that could be read off from. An angle
1. element is composed of two plates that
2 Calculate the shear are simply supported along the common
flow and shear stress in edge and free on the either edges. Both
sections BD of plates rotate by the same amount at the
unsymmetrical common edges so that no edge
L- section given in fig- restraining moment is developed. This
1. corresponds to a simply supported
3 Calculate the shear boundary conditions. In a similar way it
flow and shear stress in can be proved that the prismatic square
sections AD of column consists of four simply supported
unsymmetrical long rectangular plates. Upon
Z- section given in fig- compression, the buckling pattern has a
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Summary of The Lesson After completion of this lesson plan students can able to calculate Buckling of thin
plates.

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signatures
Entry ID: 5782
IMPORTANT POINTS
in table format.
Time of Class *
12:25 PM to 01:25PM
12/2/2021 I!!
Name of Faculty *
11/27/2021 !
Batch
.., Semester * ..,
18,19 & SF-2 SEM-V

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TOPIC DETAILS

1 What is twisting moment of the plate?

2 What is fourier series?
3 What is the deflection w as an fourier series?
PART-A Definition of anticlastic

1 What is the simple : having opposite curvatures at a given
supported edge of the pointspecifically : curved convexly along a
thin plate? longitudinal plane section and concavely along
2 What is the Maximum the perpendicular section —used of a
deflection of the thin surface —opposed to synclastic.
plate? when transverse load is applied on beams,
3 What is the combined beams bend in the longitudinal direction. But
bending of the thin plate? due to poisson's effect, their is another
PART-B
opposite curvature shown in the transverse
1 Explain about the
direction. I would like to understand how this
Anticlastic bending?
affects the tensile and compressive forces
2 Explain about the
during bending of beams.
bending and twisting
Tensile surfaces, that is, surfaces which carry
moments applied to the
only tension and no compression or
plate.
bending, rely on double curvature for their
3 Derive the expression
stability. Stability is provided by the
of the deflection w as an
opposition of two curvatures which enable
fourier series.
the surface to be tensioned without losing
PART-C
its form.
1 A thin rectangular
plate a x b is simply
Tensioning the surface reduces its elasticity and
supported along its edges
so its tendency to deform under load, and
and carries
the curvature itself means that the surface
A uniformaly
will deform less for any given extension.
distributed load of
intensity qo. Determine
Tensile surfaces can be used in buildings to
the deflected form
create thin, long span enclosures, such as
of the plate.
roofs for sports stadia, shopping centres,
2 A thin rectangular
atria and so on.
plate a x b is simply
Anticlastic surfaces are those in which the
supported along its edges
centres of curvature are located on
and carries
opposing sides of the surface. This is
a uniformaly
commonly-described as a saddle shape.
distributed load of
A hyperbolic paraboloid is an anticlastic
intensity qo. Determine
surface.
the distribution of
bending moment.
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UNIT PLAN THEORY SUBJECTS -

EDITION 2, UPDATED 12.04.2020

School of Aeronautics, Date of Submission of Unit

Week Number 5 Semester Semester : 5

Name of Faculty Mr. Bipin Kumar Dwivedi Email Id of Faculty bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemrana.org

Lesson Plan Aim / Objective of Lesson You Plan To Hours

13 Shear ﬂow in open sections Shear centre of a thin walled T-section 1

14 Shear ﬂow in open sections Shear centre of a thin walled Z-section 1

School of Aeronautics, Date of Submission of Unit

Week Number 6 Semester Semester : 5

Name of Faculty Mr. Bipin Kumar Dwivedi Email Id of Faculty bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemrana.org

Lesson Plan Aim / Objective of Lesson You Plan To Hours

16 Shear ﬂow in unsymmetrical beam section Shear stress in L-section 1

School of Aeronautics, Date of Submission of Unit

Week Number 7 Semester Semester : 5

Name of Faculty Mr. Bipin Kumar Dwivedi Email Id of Faculty bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemrana.org

Lesson Plan Aim / Objective of Lesson You Plan To Hours

19 Shear ﬂow in closed section beam Bredt- batho formula 1

School of Aeronautics, Date of Submission of Unit

Week Number 8 Semester Semester : 5

Name of Faculty Mr. Bipin Kumar Dwivedi Email Id of Faculty bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemrana.org

Lesson Plan Aim / Objective of Lesson You Plan To Hours

School of Aeronautics, Date of Submission of Unit

Week Number 9 Semester Semester : 5

Name of Faculty Mr. Bipin Kumar Dwivedi Email Id of Faculty bipinkumardwivedi@soaneemrana.org

Lesson Plan Aim / Objective of Lesson You Plan To Hours

25 Buckling of thin plates Thin plate dimensions 1

26 Buckling of thin plates Pure bending of thin plates 1

27 Buckling of thin plates Anticlastic bending 1

Instructions For Faculty

PRACTICAL VIVA QUESTIONS HAS TO BE GIVEN ONLY IN PART A (MIN 20)

Name of School of Aeronautics, Neemrana Date of

Subject 5AN4 - 03 Aircraft Structures-II Type of Theory

Course B.Tech (Aeronautical Engineering) Batch Eighteenth

Semester SEMESTER : 5 Unit Number : UP 5 / Lesson

Phone Number of Faculty : 931-400-9035 Name of Mr. Bipin

Tie-In and Revision (Ref To The Previous Lesson)

Shear ﬂow in open sections

Questions Will Be Asked By The Teacher To Review The Existing Knowledge

1 What is the location of maximum shear stress in T-section?

Objective of Today's Lesson Is To Study

Shear ﬂow in open sections

Shear ﬂow in open sections

Main Points In Chronological order For Teaching The Mentioned Topic

Shear center SLIDE 45 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

Shear center SLIDE 47 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES BY

Assignment / Viva Questions Related To Above Lesson Plan (Part A / Level 1)

1 What is the location of shear center in T-section?

Assignment Related To Above Lesson Plan (Part B / Level 2)

1 Derive the expression to locate Shear center of a thin walled T-section.

1 Calculate the location of shear center of given T-section in ﬁg-1.

Instructions For Faculty

PRACTICAL VIVA QUESTIONS HAS TO BE GIVEN ONLY IN PART A (MIN 20)

Name of School of Aeronautics, Neemrana Date of

Subject 5AN4 - 03 Aircraft Structures-II Type of Theory

Course B.Tech (Aeronautical Engineering) Batch Eighteenth

Semester SEMESTER : 5 Unit Number : UP 5 / Lesson

Phone Number of Faculty : 931-400-9035 Name of Mr. Bipin

Tie-In and Revision (Ref To The Previous Lesson)

Shear ﬂow in open sections

Questions Will Be Asked By The Teacher To Review The Existing Knowledge

1 What is the location of shear center in H-section?