fossJen

OrndansAm PopoLaddon CommaLni

Eco-Nalaural env Ecosulem

dsLem - o'n Jesne)so n

Lond s capr

he eeo &asLem of ananea o me

J qesher
- r
ds, daeled
a y Leund
oorusf, d4
ps pmas
al
oshant
 LCOSYSTEM
TAe Dam ecosyslam vns-coained By 4-GTanse n 1
-

He del dned ecoulem as Ahr lnihd wonld and 4

Aabied dhdenaaldon Belasren Ahe
14 s al&a delsred as Ae envronment
Jhetn abvodt
vnd ongani'sms wiJA
a4 a panticalan habidad
TYPES QLF0YSTEM
ondly dasded l a lov D4pes
beosojalem ,a

ONaital enosle
OAqok erosyle
0leancveneream, Lakee
1pend
TeHAlendal etbsiplemon
-desent fonestnassland ete
ndcialManmade cosysAen
aanden, Aguan'um ,Zoo ebc
7
COMPgENNTS OF ANI ECOSYETE MT wdLo >L ba

Brofic Componends| Po Component

Thorqan8absone
L Jae
Dtodaltens Consumens Oecomposests| Organt 8ubslane
roman Concaurens
Climatut Sopde
eond an consatmets Lndhat
laden
Tentanf Consatmet A
Tempenalatnt

0rmponwn.ks nl n tt0Rntsdem
 7 Ae ttosajsdem hau Joo MM{on Componenfs
AAloAic Cnon livdng) (omponent
Bivtie Cling ) Component
AIBIOTIC COMPONENTS
in #he
pesend
Thest non livny Component
are

3 fromps
tto saysdeM
and can Be divdd ed Jolo

OTnongantc &ntb sDan

as.
Onganie subaJances

Clmibde saukem
TNORGANIC SUBSTANCES DKE
ssbslences
vandorus dnongantt
4Consists
nslnogen » Salph en edt
Canbon hydnoqen sdantes
uhongande nb
,

all Ahe ss
The amount of a a 4dven ds'me
n dhe etosatsdeM
petes-ent
Called slondshd
slale on ahandind qunli
ORGANIC SURSTANCES Lipods.
Corbohydrai
prolesna and
14 dnckatdes atbabene e s b4
an ong ande
-

-These ane made Lrtors

plands datnsng meJabolism

Dkc
CLIMATIC SYSTEM menlal laclots
diltenent env.drton
Jntlades
trantal! and hatmddi
.

-I4
Pempenatune.
eyht
BIOTIC COMPONENT5

Gnun
Crren plants

le.bivortt s

i l natdruentkleec0mpoken k Cansvats

Ienen.f (Dri ponends ol tros4 Pem

 4 includs dillenent qnoups of Living ongane'ams

PRODUCER
-

Gmeen plants ack as pnodetcens.

- They can &yndheslrc Pheu own tood dn Phe pto
olpholosyndhesus
.

dn nadute:
ance 4he a n e aadolrephhe
CONSUMERS
belenobnophst onganets depends
on
These ane

petecatoea Lorn Ahela natbnisdon

Consemens may be dArsdea dndo eo calesor

Poiman Censatroens
TAey tatjlireclld gaeen plunt4 0hani
ealld dtabba honse deeten #rasshoppa
2delyCow.r benbdvores grasshoPp
Oaecondan Canatartns
-These ane dinecpLf dependl aupon prurnany
b l bao Cannmen4 and.prodatcen fon Jhn food
o 1 n T h d ure olheroue called as Carnblone
ed-Fod Snak elehao sAT-
Tentiany Consuneds hnnlg

o The depencl azpon primauts and 3eoon4louy

Constmens Lon 4hein Pood o4hertasse
Callad Jop coscnvott
o134 khl
1-Tagen Llon Aank edc
EC OMPOSERS
Te Mucnoorgansms Like betederdas lungi, pavloeoan
dane decomposed Ahe organdc maferdals s'n
bemplen Form and talled as decompas-ex&.
rUNCTIONS OF IN FCOSYSTEM
14 Aelps dn Dhe Jrantfen ol toed Forom pnodusen Po onsu
halps he \lod ol Solaat tnengd sh Jhe toem ot chenwa
eneng dn he bospherie
- 4 Leeps up phe balance ot nalasne 4hnough tndenact
ameng bsodte and abtolse Components.
 xanple anlc03-4alem,
POND ECOSVSTEM
un
plot
obmenged

ley plent B y ah

ona eyue e i a
a n a yc a n d b a r l e a i a

deepbollonM
p.Lents
waden sndkt

Shrathererne ot pond ecos-pen

nAu tina o
CONPONENTS OF POND, blana)
SICTIC Bedlmendts
4ese ane walen ,nallrien
-Lo pend pads
tonbohydaalt

madlen ike prodedns

n organst and
absoPse Component3 Jempenalune
known u
CLe Caunnent
4hese wind waleu, abtotic onpeneats
-tolcept ss called
ot Sunliyst
h e availabilily

BIOTA COMONENTS
OF POND stSanpsah 3hand AT
SpsnsOpRODUCERS
OF POND phy#apkank
Mitnoscopde
TAIe a n utetalle cOiand
floa ajalen ond ufiliecd ol
tApohih
torind th walen
oiA A bely
bicanbonale

CoNSOMERS OF POND vetbond

Pocdnnaut ConstM
,dnseods
and snseclLervoe
-200planklons

Conuumeut

e cond am
fsshes , drep.Piles,
Cars lareansek.
-5mall
endaud Consumens
fakheS
-klalen
sndke , ovaler Dsnd »hiy
POrmD
DECOM POSERS Or
8ome dnvedeba"
-Batdenia thunqu . pnodozoant
PROQUCTVITY Jo
The baalc aeqruinement Lon und tto1ypJem
Bolan ene
is a consDund mpast ot
aunionahdiknulam
Decedui i l) on produdden nylans Jo Jhe ande ot
oruaiqh*
enenalon ot* Aomus4 The o lal quanJi
Of Onganisms dn a
qven nea or volscme) Jo. an-erosyak
Drrodatttvild d ob Javo tpes
-
Ln.O Pacimad prrodaictdvad4
5econdand produokivibd
PRINIARY PRODUCTIVITY
aulolrephs sueh plenbs Js (oallzd
pecodvedvddy ot cu

prbducdakd d a ot Javo +4P4

pruiman
O Caoross primand prodsttuviJ CaPP)
Net prturun prtoduttivid (NPP)
 ot
-stes4 prrsmany pnoduchdon ol ya Jem Js Jhe nude
an teos

prodntdson oB onganit modn durdnd pholosdnthvus

-
A consdenable amount ot GPP s dilized by plants s
spur atdon aL
-

Th n end leld atlen naspdratsion CR) and lored

matte7 dn 4he brodLpens Ded nin me and e
sCalled Net prdmand prodschivaJq lNPP)-
GPP NPP +R on
ANPP GPP-R
 ndecodautbron Thee aste
dotk
Jo do
Enearg ds dhe Capatiekej al,
MtcAonu(al. Chtnt(al,
auth es
mechwnu (al Cheuit
VdiOals fo«md of enexgef
dtadient and hent enest d Chemica
Consatmert eat

Prrodoncet henery
C MCMAbabalu,
Saen Katdiant
plant's | meneagl
neat MdabaluJm) t Chemite
9e0ompos
0empaset
CMedabo.km)
en Heat
enesdd

tHeat enesd
Gthenetal pathwced af eneag Flod)

AD Fd la of thetnode/natmics
(atealed nort bt desrkr oafe¢d
Eneat d (an ntsdhrat be
be fatantfocmtd fotom ont fac m bo
Aonevtat wtnay
n Oth+st

B.berond lo di ¢heatmoddna muC.!

t dals dhat d.he poto resS dnvodv.ing entxd
spon.d
ailnod occoatat a ne oal 1ly aenlSs
atanf oecmatuon
heut is a degterdats0n of enet c om a nondcondom
e a ot andom t osCn 0 -he t.lod at enccod ds n 0t 100 7..
Eoctd .leo Mode. Jo Alp.itin
Aten palt otwotd
VCdciO as mode.lu heve modeds o t
t d of entotg dn a Lood c.hun 7htsé
/ :

theatmodedncomi(&
gtklnd 0n sd and and ln o!
f.loa mode.l
5ing.le (hænnt. eneatdoj

odel Boal papt entagd flod modtd

model.
Y-Jhaped enetd t.lsd
hapnd
nge EAain eneayLlaa modt

Eneadlk0n r compos idkionaMDA.kJtdoo (0.5)

a t u t t andain
Satn (o.00D
11 872 patodaleet Hebivoet Caenuvet
J Cal/c uto.ss(n)- GP-15 GP 3
pecumtst
/ojst kandalatzeA
NV-70
espscad on(25) espetton/4 5) eSpgtatson C4)
0A. A c t altilisrd

Gp-Oreta peims
pocodalettdn.
Bingle channtd enetgy Clo Madel)
isfiest develeped b Jindenahnd un 1442 reate the
lo of enay cen be eapleined bq the follordsng steps

Step-
Oned o4 rhe dotal inComing Solet cadiation J.t
11, 92 m (al /cat/dt on.dd gm cel/cm /jot cs's autalised
bdpatodasteat datrcin phoJasendheus ou heut dco.8.

pacodaltdson 7.he parodal t4dt dm cal/ch

nod attilised 4o
ata-t-ion d aboalt 93 dm callcolJot and de conpbaaa
dt4spaet
js 3gm Cal /clyt On.led 16 dn (al/t/je é'neacqd
Constmed by hahovoes
 Sdep-2
Ontd of 1S gm tall ch/g ente{I O1 htetbivonr.00JaH
ufilised Res psetetion J aboa
7mCallc/yt As not
on d
0.6
m cal/cm/da .

5 mcall c/ott decomposuti

en tad dA CongnLmtd bod
Ca«ndjorty ,

O ndy 3 gm calf c/Jt

5 tep-5
cal/C/yet
of 3 qm enedgd df CcogcAtyodtu Ond
Oatt as abo at
is ndet attulis td R-spicataon
2 gmcal/cmote cal/c/rt
decompossetlon
us 0.001 m
m c a l f cm / t 4-04-01 2012
Beal-p4pe enceqy_Lln mode-
NA

Sacnltgh
Totol Potodal te /RechaigetZZaenvCntd
5 00-150 5-0.3
ONSatmtJ
I/A
La Pa/A
Sood
ral/

Heat ledd
5tepl dotal oatpast energj of Sun.lght ds abonlt
The enenged
&talf/daj. 0alt
if ahich 1600 Jcal/mf dad
balt 150 &tal / n2/dad energ
enen
3 000

b pettdallest
a ctanatlaled
d4 plan t 0nd 15 k cal/m/d aed
J the dotal snpatt enerqq
0alt- ot 16 ktal /ldo
s condatmtd bo h enbwodta
Eneayy
15k tal //ded en tsrq Conint mea baf Coetnivostt
CnJ consatmed be
drare amaunet d.e 03 kral/ n/ derd
Vetf
MuCot 0-Oatget nodm
tom dt-he dbove modrl boalt A dtt pe(rAt nd ctht AOpNI
and outFlo)
and the papts aste the pat-h af dnf.low
eved

J04se dolt do heat and t+s pratton.

L- Tdal eneud npatt
N-Nod ausnslafsa J4At abireved b plant
Pa- pocimaatof Citoss par dal lH. o

eap.artadon. H Tobal uss.iMilat'e)

 6haped n e r d llow Mode,-
flocd modr
The
he y-Shaprd enexyd
n
fdast o.bseuved ba F. P odaum J 1173
Jeves ait?
this
# i s Mode/ asl dpe ot Jtophic.
dalt
totese nJed tleate 4ht loss 04 ener14
Ahe
dt-t sp Det ation and dtcompo2 dHdon a nd
model shows ost y 3haped.
epote.d-endedl as a

Fr om h e above disCals s4'on w CoD cJdde

Aha the loss 0f entng f riom prro d al e e n
heabsodts do domgAl 0 1 and on 10 7.
Je
04 entac 4 by h e c b i v o t r a + I e t e
Con&tmed
h e Loss 04 ene yA o cc0 aLMs Jn Vctrciorls
Mennens k e t eLp.drratibn de eomp 0ii4'on nos

u4iLis ed ond not as Ldruilafson. So all Ah

n d Jaa) o
o d d obeys (4A and
Aheemoddnor'cs.
 preodat- erbi asn'-
VOtt Vorte3 0eto
po sens

on
eLsendia

Hrad
1

Lyho
(y.ahaped enee1 tLR
Modet)

AN