ALLEN CAREER INSTITUTE

STD XIITH BOARD TEST SERIES 2021-22

Paper Set: I BATCH: ENTHUSE: MHT-CET & JEE-MAIN Max. Marks: 40

Date : 16/08/2021 CHEMISTRY-SOLUTION Duration: 2 hrs.
TOPIC NAME: SOLID STATE, SOLUTION, HALOGEN, DERIVATIVES, ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS ETHERS

SECTION A (12 Marks)

Q. 1 Fill in the Blanks
i. a) 2 1m
ii. c) Osmotic pressure 1m
iii. d) 2-Bromobutane 1m
iv. c) (CH3)3 C–OH 1m
v. d) (2) < (3) < (1) 1m
vi. c) 32% 1m
Q. 2 Answer the following questions in short
i. What is van’t Hoff factor? 1m

ii. Define Alkyl halide 1m

Alkyl halides are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have
been replaced by halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine).
iii. Write name of electrophile used in Kolbe’s reaction. 1m
Carbon dioxide
iv. IUPAC name – 1-Chloro-4-ethylcyclohexane 1m
v. What is unit Cell. 1m
The smallest repeating structural unit of crystalline solid is called unit cell.
vi. State Raoult’s Law
The Raoult’s law states that, “ the vapour pressure of solvent over the solution is equal 1m
to the vapour pressure of pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution.”
SECTION B (8 Marks)
Q.3 Answer the following (Any 4)
i. What are isotonic and hypertonic solutions.
i. Isotonic solutions: Two or more solutions having the same osmotic pressure are said to be
isotonic solutions.
e.g. For example, 0.1 M urea solution and 0.1 M sucrose solution are isotonic because their
osmotic pressures are equal. Such solutions have the same molar concentrations but different
concentrations in g/L. If these solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane, there is
no flow of solvent in either direction.
2m
ii. Hypertonic solution: If two solutions have unequal osmotic pressures, the more concentrated
solution with higher osmotic pressure is said to be the hypertonic solution.
e.g. For example, if osmotic pressure of sucrose solution is higher than that of urea solution, the
sucrose solution is hypertonic to urea solution.

ii. Write a note on molecular Solids. 2m

The constituent particles are monoatomic or polyatomic Molecules. The constituent particles are
held by intermolecular forces of attractions such as London forces, dipole-dipole forces and/or
hydrogen bonds. They are soft. They have low melting points. They are poor conductors of
electricity. e.g. Ice, benzoic acid, etc.
iii. Explain optical Isomerism in 2-chlorobutane 2m
1. The stereoisomerism in which the isomers have different spatial arrangements of
groups/atoms around a chiral atom is called optical isomerism.
2. 2-chlorobutane has one chiral carbon atom. The spatial arrangement of the four different
groups around the chiral atom is different.
3. Structure of 2-chlorobutane and its mirror image can be represented as
 4. 2-Chlorobutane cannot superimpose perfectly on its mirror image as shown in the figure.
Hence, 2-chlorobutane exhibits optical isomerism.
iv. Write two points of difference between properties of phenol & ethyl alcohol . 2m
Phenol Ethyl alcohol
i. Phenol is a low melting solid. Ethyl alcohol is liquid.
ii. The aqueous solution of phenol The aqueous solution of ethyl alcohol
turns blue litmus to red, i.e., phenol is neutral to litmus, i.e, ethyl
is weakly acidic. alcohol is neutral.
iii. Phenol reacts with aqueous NaOH to Ethyl alcohol does not react with
form sodium phenoxide. aqueous NaOH.
iv. Phenol reacts with neutral ferric Ethyl alcohol does not react with
chloride solution to give deep purple neutral ferric chloride
colouration of ferric phenoxide
v. Distinguish between ionic solids and molecular solids. 2m

Ionic solids Molecular solids

1. The constituent particles are charged 1. The constituent particles are
ions (cations and anions). monoatomic or polyatomic
2. The constituent particles are held by molecules
the electrostatic force of attraction 2. The constituent particles are held by
between oppositely charged ions. intermolecular forces of
3. They are hard and brittle. attractions such as London forces,
4. They have high melting points. dipole-dipole forces and/or
5. They are nonconductors of electricity hydrogen bonds.
in solid-state. However, they are good 3. They are soft.
conductors when melted or dissolved 4. They have low melting points.
in water. 5. They are poor conductors of electricity.
6. e.g. NaCI, CaE2, etc. 6. Ice, benzoic acid, etc.
vi. Explain why phenol is more acidic than ethyl alcohol. 2m
 SECTION C (12 Marks)
Q.4 Answer the following (Any 4)
i. Aluminium crystallize in cubic close packed structure with unit cell edge length of 353.6 pm. 3m
What is the radius of Al atom? How many unit cells are there in 1.00 cm3 of Al?

ii. The vapour pressure of water at 200C is 17 mm Hg. What is the vapour pressure of 3m
solution containing 2.8g urea in 50g of water?

iii. Write structural formulae for – 3m

a) 3-Methoxyhexane
 b) Methyl Vinyl ether
CH3OCH = CH2
c) Cyclohex-2-en-1-ol

iv. Complete the following- 3m


Isopropyl Alcohol 
 A 
PBr3
B NH3
Excess

v. The vapour pressure of water at 20oC is 17 mm Hg. What is the vapour pressure of 3m
solution containing 2.8g urea in 50g of H2O?
vi. The density of iridium is 22.4 g/cm3. The unit cell of iridium is fcc. Calculate the 3m
radium of iridium atom. (Molar mass of iridium = 192.2g/mol)

SECTION D (8 marks)
Q.5 Answer the following (Any 2)
i. a) Calculate the no. of atoms in fcc unit cell. 4m
1. A face-centred cubic (fcc) unit cell has particles at the eight corners plus particles at the centre
of its six faces.
2. Each particle present at the corner of a given unit cell is shared with seven other neighbouring
1
unit cells. As a result, its contribution to the given unit cell is only .
8
Thus, the number of particles present at corners per unit cell
1
= 8 corner atoms  atom per unit cell = 1
8
3. Each particle at the centre of the six faces is shared with one neighbouring cube. Thus, 1/2 of
each face particle belongs to the given unit cell.
Thus, the number of particles present at faces per unit cell = 6 atoms at the faces  1 atom per
2
unit cell = 3
Therefore, fcc unit cell has one corner particle plus 3 face particles, making total of 4 particles
per unit cell.
 b) Complete the following reactions giving major product
CH3  CH  CH2 HBr

peroxide
 A 
alc.KOH
B

ii. a) Define Catalyst. Give two examples. 4m

A catalyst is a substance that either increases or decreases the rate of a chemical reaction
without being consumed in the process.
Examples :
i. In the contact process of industrial production of sulfuric acid; sulphur dioxide and oxygen
from the air react reversibly over a solid catalyst of platinised asbestos.
ii. Hydrogenation with nickel as a catalyst is used to convert inedible oils into solid fat for the
production of margarine.
b) An element with molar mass 27g/mol forms cubic unit cell with edge length of 405 pm. If density of element is
2.7 g/cm3. What is the nature of unit cell?

= 4.00
 Number of atoms in unit cell = 4
Since unit cell contains 4 atoms, it has face-centred cubic (fcc) or ccp structure.
Ans: The nature of the given cubic unit cell is face-centred cubic (fcc) or ccp unit cell.
iii. a) A solution of citric acid C6H8O7 in 50g of CH3COOH has a boiling point 4m
elevation of 1.76k. If kb for acetic acid is 3.07 K.kg.mol-1 what is the molality of
solution?

b) Give the equation of reaction for preparation of phenol from isopropyl benzene.
Isopropylbenzene: This is the commercial method of preparation of phenol.
Isopropylbenzene (Cumene) on air oxidation in presence of Conaphthenate gives
cumene hydroperoxide, which on decomposition with dilute acid gives phenol with
acetone as a valuable by-product.
iv. a) Distinguish between SN1 & SN2 mechanism. 4m

b) Explain SN2 mechanism with suitable example & energy profile diagram.
SN2 reaction : Since the rate of the reaction depends on the Concentrations of two
substances it is bimolecular second order (2nd) Nucleophilic Substitution reaction
denoted by SN2.
Mechanism of the reaction : It is a one step Continuous process. The reaction takes
place in the following steps:

Energy profile diagram: This is obtained potential energy of the species in the reaction
verses reaction coordinate during the course of the reaction.

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