LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA

MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

University Road, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City
QR/CBA/0__ Course Title: Mathematics in the Modern World
Issue No. 0 Revision No. 0 Effectivity Date 7 September 2020 Page No.

Introduction
Most occupations require good
problem- solving skills. For instance,
architects and engineers must solve many
complicated problems as they design and
construct modern buildings that are
aesthetically pleasing, functional, and that
meet stringent safety requirements.
Two-goal of this chapter are to help
you become a better problem solver and to
demonstrate that problem solving can be an
enjoyable experience by analysing and solving
mathematically speaking.
 LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA
MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
University Road, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City
QR/CBA/0__ Course Title: Mathematics in the Modern World
Issue No. 0 Revision No. 0 Effectivity Date 7 September 2020 Page No.

LEARNING TARGETS
After going through all the
discussions, activities, and
exercises in this chapter, you
should be able to do the following:
Use different types of
reasoning to justify
statements and arguments
made about mathematics
and mathematical concepts
Write clearer and logical
proofs.
Solve problems involving
patterns and recreational
problems following Polya’s
for steps.
Organize one’s method and
approaches for providing
and solving patterns.
 LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA
MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
University Road, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City
QR/CBA/0__ Course Title: Mathematics in the Modern World
Issue No. 0 Revision No. 0 Effectivity Date 7 September 2020 Page No.

I. Use a different table to predict the number of diagonals in:

a. a heptagon ( a 7 –sided polygon)

b. an octagon ( an 8-sided polygon)

2. State the four steps of Polya’s four-step problem-solving strategy.

 LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA
MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
University Road, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City
QR/CBA/0__ Course Title: Mathematics in the Modern World
Issue No. 0 Revision No. 0 Effectivity Date 7 September 2020 Page No.

Born: 13 December 1887

Born Place: Budapest, Hungary
Died: 7 September 1985 ( Palo Alto, California, USA)
__________________________________________________________________

Summary
Pólya worked in probability, analysis, number theory, geometry, combinatory
and mathematical physics.
George Pólya's parents were Anna Deutsch and Jakab Pólya who were both Jewish. Anna
was from a family who had lived for many generations in Buda, and she had been nineteen
years old in 1872 when the towns of Buda, Obuda, and Pest had administratively merged to
become the city of Budapest. Perhaps we should say a little about George
Pólya's names, for the situation is not quite as it appears.
Although Jakab Polya has the name “ Polya” when his son
Gyorgy ( for George as he was later known) was born, he heads only called
himself Polya for the five preceding years. Before that, his name had been
 LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA
MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
University Road, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City
QR/CBA/0__ Course Title: Mathematics in the Modern World
Issue No. 0 Revision No. 0 Effectivity Date 7 September 2020 Page No.

Jakab Pollak, but to understand why Jakab Pollak’ changed his name to Polya, we need to
look at both his career and at a little Hungarian history.

Deductive Reasoning in Mathematics

Observed some of your math classes made extensive use of

deductive reasoning to prove theorems and solve problems. The
following quote by the mathematician Paul R. Halmos (1916-2006)
advocates that you do not limit yourself to only using deductive
reasoning to prove theorems.
“Mathematics is not a deductive science ---- that’s a cliché. Try to
prove a theorem, and list the hypotheses, and then start to reasons. Do
trial and error, experimentation, guesswork”.

Math Matter

Determine Types of Reasoning

Problem 1. During the past 10 years, a tree has produced plums every
other year. Last year the tree did not produce plums, so this year the
tree will produce plums.
Solution 1. This argument reaches a conclusion based on specific
examples, so it is an example of inductive reasoning.
Problem 2: All home improvements cost more than the estimate. The
contractor estimated that my home improvement will cost $35,000.
Thus may home improvement will cost more than $35,000.
Solution 2: It will win a jackpot on this slot machine in the next 10
Inductive vs. tries because it has not paid out any money during the last 45 tries.
Deductive
 LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA
MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
University Road, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City
QR/CBA/0__ Course Title: Mathematics in the Modern World
Issue No. 0 Revision No. 0 Effectivity Date 7 September 2020 Page No.

To fully understand the whole topic, please refer to the following: “Mathematics in
the Modern World” pp. 55 to 80 reference: Aufmann, Richard N., Mathematics in the
Modern World Book., REX Book Store Inc., Copyright@2018.

Directions: Write each of the following correct answers for this guided activity and using the
previous lesson.
 LEARNING PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MUNTINLUPA
MODULE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
University Road, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City
QR/CBA/0__ Course Title: Mathematics in the Modern World
Issue No. 0 Revision No. 0 Effectivity Date 7 September 2020 Page No.

References:
Aufmann, Richard, Joanne Lockwood, Richard Nation, Daniel Clegg, Susanna S.
Epp., Edmundo P. Abad, Jr. (Contributor) ., Mathematics in the Modern
World.,Rex Book Store, (RBSI), 2018
Mesa Community College Algebra- Concepts Through Functions Sequence and
Series, General Term., Copyright@2018
Kim Steward., Intermediate Algebra Tutorial 8, Introduction to Problem Solving
Content, Copyright@2019