CHAPTER

6
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
FACTS
About the Chapter
Increasing/Decreasing Functions
Decreasing Function
Increasing Function
A function f(x) is said be
A function fo) is said to be to
decreasing function in
the interval [a, b], if
increasing function in la, b], if
X1 X2fxa) 2fl*2) Vx1, X2 e [a, b]
x2 fx1) sfl«2) VX1, *2 e la, b] or
X>*2 f x ) sf*2) V x1, *2 E la, b]
or
X1>*2 fo) 2fl«2) Vx1, *2 e [a, b]

X
Strictly Decreasing Function
Strictly Increasing Function A function f) is said to be strictly decreasing
function in [a, b], if
A function fl) is said to be strictly increasing
function in the interval [a, b], if
X1X2>fx) >flx2) VX1, X2 (a, b) E
or
X1>X2 fx) <flr2) Vx1, *2 e (a, b)
2fx1) <f«2) VX1,X2 ¬ (a, b)
X
or
X>*2 fxa) >flx2) Vx1, *2 e (a, b)

Let fx) be a function defined on [a, b]. Then

1. fis
strictly increasing in [a, b] iffCx) > 0 in xe (a, b).
2. fis
strictly decreasing in [a, b] iff(x) <0 in x e (a, b).
 Class XIl

102 VATSAL Isc QUESTION

BANK of MATHEMATICS Absolute MOximum ond Minimur
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 103
First Derivative Test fCr) be a Conti
valued
function and let 'a' h Let y
=

ous function defined

Tongents ond Normals be a real an
Let y =
fx) call then 'a' is closed interval la, b
defined on a
Norma the domain of f),
y = (X)
interior point in Here, a X = a1, b i <b.
sum of parallel sides)
h > 0 such that fla)>e.
maxima if 3
an
local
point of called a point of
The local maxima of
perpendicular distancebetween them
Also, a is cal
V x e (a-h, a +h). is at X
bj and is
=

<f(x) Vxe (a f(x)

> 0 such thatfa)
8. Area of
1angent h,
_

1. Y1) minima if 3 h an
flb1) and local minima an
equilateral triangle =(side)
of flx) is at x aj and is
=

a+h). 9, Volume of a cuboid

fa). Also, J(a) and fb) a) =
lbh
Y ((a,) f(b,) }{b) 10, Volume of a cube
PCx1. y1) the curve (side)
=

Slope or
gradient of tangent at to a-0 are absolute maxima
a

b b X .
G.S.A. or area of 4 walls of a
cuboid =2hl + b)
y=f) is | m (say) and minima respectively. 2. G.S.A. or area of 4 walls of a
cube 4(side) =

13. T.S.A.
second Derivative Test of a cuboid 2(lb + bh h) = +

14. T.S.A.
Equation of tangent to the curve at Y1)
Letf(x) be a function defined on
of a cube =6x (side)
Also, f(x) is twice difterentiable
an
interval l and a e 1.
S.
Volume of a right circular
cylinder nr°h =

isy- r-) at x =
a.
16. C.S.A.
of right circular cylinder 27rh
7. T.S.A. of
is called local iminina of right
S(a) is called local f{a) maxima .Find ana put t
equal to zero
i.e., dr
circular 2tr\h + cylinder =
r)
And slope of normal to the curve at i y1)
of fx) i.., fX) changes sign J)
Le.. S ) changes sin = 0. We
8. Volume of
S
from positive to negative
rom negative to positive
get critical points. Let it be x = (.
a cone
=r3 h
19. G.S.A.
2. The point X =

a is a local imaxima if
f'(a) =

0 and
ol a cone =
nrl, where =

slant height
y : (X) f"(a) <0, then f(a) local maximum
The point is
of flx). Vh+2
Equation of normal at 1 , y1) is, 3. x
=a a local minima if
fla) =0 and 20. T.S.A.
f" (a) 0, >

then f(a) is local minimum of a cone =ar{l +r)

-(x-X1 of fx).
y-Y1(dy 4. If f'(a)
we
0 and "(a)
=
0, then test fails and then
check it through idea of local maxima and
local
= 21. Volunme of sphere =ar*
4

minima. 22. Surface area of sphere = 41r

Le., y - Y 1 =* Mensuration Formulae 23. Volume of hemisphere

Here, f(a) =
0, thena is called point of intlection. 3
Mensuration Used in Calculus
24. C.S.A. of
Maxima and Minima
I INOTE 1. Area of rectangle = length x breadth
25, T.S.A. of
hemisphere =

2r
1. y= f(x) is said to have an extreme value in if 3 a | 2. Perimeter of hemisphere =3tr"
Lety =fx) be a funcion defined on an interval 1, then rectangle = 2(1+ b)
1, 'a point 'a' in / such that f(a) is either a maximum or 3. Area of square =
(side) 26. Area ot sector =

tr2 360°, where 0 is the central

fa) is said have maximum valuein if 3 point
to a
a
in I such that fla) > f ) , V x e l Also, f(x) is said to
minimum value of fX) in 1. Also, f{a) is called an
4. Perimeter of square = 4 x side angle
extreme value of f in / and the point "a' is called an
have a minimum value in 1, if 3 a point in I such that 5. Area of circle rr, where r is the radius of circle
=

extreme point.
fta) < fo), Vx el. 2. A function y = f(X) in an interval is said to be 6. Circumference of a circle = 2tr 27, Length of arc
=

2nr.360°
monotonic function if it is either increasing or 7. Area of trapezium
= f(X) decreasin8
Every monotonic function assumes its maximum/
minimum value at the end points of the domain of
(a)
the function.
4. Every continuous function on a closed interval has
MOST EXPECTED MCQs
a maximum and a minimum value.
j(a) is maximum value and X =a is called point of maxima 5. A point 'a' in the domain of the function f(x)at Set-l (d) none of these
f"la) = 0 or fx) is not differentiable is
which either iOOSe the correct answer from the given four options
called a critical point of f(x).
y cdcn of the following questions from 1 to 40 (MCQs); 2. The interval in which the function Sx)
6.
fa)=0 and does not change sign as x increases
through a, then it is called point of inflection The interval in which the function fx)
= Sin 3x,
xE0, isstrictly decreasing,is
(neither maxima nor minima).
7. Local maximum/minimum value is also is strictly increasing
1fa)_ relative maximum/minimum value.
calle
8. If the function changes its nature from
decreasi
fa) is minimum value and x = a is called point of minima to increasing
turning points.
or vice-versa, then points are
cai
o. (d) none of these
 Class XIl
on the curve
ofMATHEMATICS
points

QUESTION BANK
The y = 1 APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 105
104 VATSAL ISC (b) (-2,-1) u(3, o) 21.
is zero are the
(a) (-2, 1) u (3, ) slope 30. Find the
y* = 4ar at (d) none of these (a) (2, 16) and (-2, 16) slope of the normal to the curvex 0,
3,
The slope of the normal to the curve
(c)-2, 1) u (2, o) b) (2, 16)
curvex = + 3 - (c(2,-16) and (-2, 16) and (-2, y=a sin 0 at 6 =
(at, 2at) is
The slope of the
tangent to the 8,
(d) none of -16)
12.
5 at the point (2,
-1) is these
(a) (b)t y=
2t-2t-
9. The point on
the curve
y = =2x- 6x (a) 2
b) 1
-

4 at
(b) tangent is parallel to X-axis which (c) T (d) none of these
d) (a) 7 The
(c) -t line y =x +1 is a
tangent to the curve y" =
4x at
the what point?
coS 2x at
4. The slope of the normal to the curve y =

6
d7 (a) (1, -2)
(b)(-1,2)
6 when added to its inverse gives the d) none of
()(1,2) (d) none of these
13. The real number x to
these 32. The angle at which the two curves x =y and 2y =X
minimum value of x
which is equals at (1, 1) is
a) 3 (b) 1
(a) 2
(c)-1
(d)-2
23. The oint on the curve y
=**- at which tangent is la)tan (b) tan

(d) none of these normal to the curve y =

Sin x at parallel to x-axis
14. The equation of the (d) 0
(a) (1, 2) and (-1,-2)
(0,0) is (b) (1, 2) and
has local minimum at (b) y = 0 ()-1, 2) and (-1, -2) (-1,2)
5. The function f(x) =+ a
)x =0 (d) none of these 33. The
slope of normal
X
(d) X-y= 0
to the cuve
=8aty, a > 0 at a

(a) x =-2 (b) x= 0 (c)x +y=0 94. The equation of thne tangent to the curve y =x+ point in the first quadrant is then the pointis
point the curve y =
X, Where the tangen
(c) r= 1 (d)x=2 15. The on
2
that is parallel to x-axis is (a) (2a, -a) (b) (2a, a)
6. The greatest value of ftx) = (r + 1 ) - (x- 1)" on makes an angle of with x-axis is (a) y = 0
(b) y =1 (d) none of these
0, 1] is
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c)y=2 d)y =3
25. y=X has stationary point at
34. If the function x*- 62x+ aX+9 attains its maximum
(c) 3 (d) (a) x =e (b) x =
(d) (1, 1 value at x =1, on the interval [0, 2], then value of a is
(e) (4, 2) e
function 16. Which of the following functions is strictly increasing (a) 102 (b) 122
7. The intervals in which the ()X = ve
(d) x=1 (e) 121 (d) 120

fx) - 3 x+1l is decreasing 26. Angle betweenthetangents to the curvey=-5x+6

at the points (2, 0) and (3, 0) is
35. The maximum value of the function sin x+ cos x is

(a) (--2) U (2, 3) (b) (-, -2) u (0, 3) (a) 2 (b)

(b) cos 2x
(c)-,-2) u (1, 3) (d) none of these
(a cOs la
2
(c) cos 3x (d) tan x ) 2 (d) none of these
8. The values of x for which flx) = X -1 is 17. Theintervalin whichy=xe is increasing is (C) d)
(a) (o, o) (b) (-2, 0)
3 36. The points on the curve +
36
=
64
1 at which the

increasing or decreasing 27.

(c) (2, ) (d) (0, 2) The function f)
decreasing for
= cos x 2px is monotonically tangents are parallel to the x-axis
a) increasing on R- {0} (b) increasing on R-t-l} 18. The point on the curve y =** - 4x +3 at which the (a) (8, 0) and (-8, 0) (b) (6, 0) and (-6, 0))
(c) decreasing on R- {1} d) increasing on R ta p (c) (0, 8) and (0, -8) (d) none of these
normal is parallel to a line whose slope is p>
The intervals in which the function fo) = x* - 2x is 2 37. The two numbers x and y such that X +y = 60 and
(c)p <2 (d) p>2 Xyis maxXimum are
increasing
)(1, 0 (b) (0, 0)
28. If the curves y = 1 - k and y =* are orthogonal, (a) 45 and 15 (b) 30 and 30
(a)(-1,0) w(1, ) (b)(-1, 0) u (2, ) (c)(0, 3) (d) none of these (c) 24 and 36 (d) none of these
then k is equal to
(c)(-1, 0) u (1/2, 7) (d) none of these 19. The point on the curve y = x - 11x + 5 at which the (a) 3 (b) 1 38. The absolute maximum and minimum values of
10. The intervals in which the function fix) =x" - 2xis equation of the tangent is y = X - 11 function 2x-15x +36x + 1 on the interval [1, 5] are
(d) none of these
decreasing (a) 56 and 24 (6) S6 and 34
a) (2,-9) (b) -2,-9)
(c) 50 and 24 (d) none of these
(a) ( , - 1 ) u (0, 2) (b)(-,-1)u(0, 1) (c) 2,9) d) none of these 1 at which the 39. The product of two numbers whose sum is 24 and
29. The the curve
(c) ( - , -1) u (0, 4) (d) none of these 20. The curves 2x =y* and 2xy = k cut at right angles ifk points on
25 whose product is as large as possible are
11. The intervals n which the function is equal to (a) 20 and 4 (b) 12 and 12
the y-axXis
angents are parallel to (-5, 0)
fc)- 10
-*-3x+x+11 isinereasing (a)8
(c) 2
(b) 4 (a) (3, 0) and (-3, 0) (b) (5, 0)
(d) none
and
of these
(c) 16 and 8 (d) none of these
(d) none of these c) (3, 5) and (-3,-5)
 Class XIl
106 VATSAL 1sc QUESTION BANK of MATHEMATICS
11. Ifxy = 1 and x> 0, then ni
minimum value
ofr+y is APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 107
function
and minimum values of (b) 1
n e
maximum
*+ sin 2r on [0, 2T) are (a)-2
(a) 2n andr
(c) 2t ando
(b) n and 10
(d) none of these
(c) 2
(d) none of these
12. Ifflx) = |x|, then which of the tollowing is correct?

Read the Cases given below and answer

CASE-BASED MCQS
(a)for) is
minimum
at x=0 the
Set-ll
Choose the correct answer from the given four options in (b) fx) is maximum at x 0 = questions following 5. The area
generated if the area of the whole floor iss
maximized is
each of the following questions from 1 to 22 (MCQs): (c)x) is neither a maximum
nor minimum
at x=0 Case 1
(a) m2
1. Iffc) = sin x - kr is decreasing for all x é R, then (d) none of the above ho OWner of a school wants to
13. When x is positive, the minimum value of x* is lay out a
running track of
(a) k <1 (b) k1 AO0 metres enclosing a Tootball field, the
10,000 m2
(c)k>1 (d) k2 1 (a) e
(b) e e
ctangular with a semi-circle at each end
shape of which is b)
The least value of k for which flx) = x* +kx + 1 is
as shown
increasing in (1, 2) is
(c)ee (e) 0, 0002
-2 (b)- 14. Ifflx) =3', then f ) on R is (d)
(c)1 (d) 2
no change, both areas are equal
(a) strictly increasing
3. Iffc) = kx -

9x* +9x +3 increasing

is for
every real (b) strictly decreasing Case 2
A woodcutter has a wood log of diameter 'a' and wants to
number , then (c) neither increasing nor decreasing
(a) k> 3 make furniture out of it. Assuming that the stiffness of a
(b) k23 (d) none of the above
beam of rectangular cross-section vary as the breadth and
(c) k<3 (d) k s 3 15. The local minima offo) = sin 2x, when 0 <x<n is
the cube of the depth.
4. fx) 2+1 is increasing in (a)- (b) 0
(c) 2

D
d) 1
(a) (-1, 1 (b) (-1, o) 16. IffC) =
sin x - cos x, 0 < x < then local maxima of
(c) --1)u(1, ») (d) none of these
5. fox) is
fc) =
sin x -

cosx is decreasing in
(a) v3 (b) 1
Based on the above information answer the following
c) v2 (d) 2
questions:
17. point of local maxima offc) =*° 5x+ 5x31
2x The 1. If x and y denote the length and breadth of the
-

(d) none of these

IS
rectangular region, then the relation berween the
(a) 3 b)
6. flx)= is variables is
sin x (c) 1 (d) none of these
(a) x+ty = 400 (b) 2x+ Ty = 400
18. The maximum value of sin 4x + 3| is
(a) increasing in (0, 1) (b) decreasing in (0, 1) (d) 2x +y = 100
c) TLX +Y = 200
(a) 7 b) 4
(c)increasing in 0, (d) decreasing in1 (c) 3 (d) 2
19. The maximum value of -|x +4|+6 is
The area of the rectangular region A expressed asa
function of x is
d

7. The function fc) =x-27x + 8 is increasing when (a) 2 (b) 4

(b)(400x -x*)
(a) lxl < 3 (b)x>3 (c) 6 (d)-6 (a)(200x -x")
(c)-3 <x <3 (d) none of these 20. The Based on the above information answer the following
points on the curve y =x+ 3x + 4 at which the
questions
8. If f(x) = , then it is an inCreasing function in
tangent passes through the origin are
(a) (-2, 2) and (2, 14)
(c)(200x+x*) (d) none of these

1. If x and y denote the depth and breadth of the

log x (b) (2,-2) and (2, 14)
3, The maximum value of area A is rectangular cross-section, then the relation between
(e) (-2, 2) and (2, -14) (d) (2, -2) and (2, -14)
(a) (0, 1) (b) (1, e)
(c) (e, co) (d) (-, e)
21. Ify
=x', the equation at of the
1) is tangent (1,
, 0 m2 b) 20,000 2 the variables is
(a) x+y=a
9. The least value of fCx) =
e + e is (a) y = 3x +2 (c)x+y= 2a2
(a) - 2
(b) 0 (6)y =
3x-2
(d) none of these 2. If stiffness of the beam is denoted by S, then relation
c) 2 (d) none of these (c)y=x-2 (c) 0 , 0 0 0mn*

(d) none of these between X, y and S is

22. maximizing
10. The minimum value of f(x) =
x* + 50 is If y= 4ax, then equation of tangent at (at, 2at) 1s * T h e owner of the school is interested in
semi-circular
(a) S=kxy (where k is a constant)
the
(a) 0 (a)x-y +at = 0 n e area of the whole floor including (b) S = kay (where k is a constant)
(c) 50
(b) 25
(d) 75 (c)x+ - at = 0
(b)x+0y+ at = 0
ends. For this to happen, the
value of x should
be
c)S=kry (where k is a constant)
(d) x- ty - a t = 0 (b) 200 m
(a) O m (d) all of the above
(d) 100 m
) 50 m
 VATSAL Isc QUESTION BANK Of MATHEMATICS
Class
X of the page ie
108 area

The value of
maximum printed APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 109
4. (b) 40 sq cm
crosS-Section
3. The stiffness S of the rectangular Cm
(a) 45 sq (d) none of these
expressed as a function of X is
(a) S = kr(a* - x / 3
(e) S =kr(a - a21/2
()S=kr a?-)/2
(d) none of these 5.
(c) 35 sq Cm
What should be
the book?
the dimension of the printed page CERT EXEMPLAR QUESTIONS
c o r r e c tt
What is the breadth of the stiffest beam that can be (b) 12 cm and 8 cm Choose ne answer from the
answer,
and 12 cm
ach of the questions I to 25 MCQs).given four
cut from the wood log of diameter a?
(a) 8 cm
(d) none of these options in 9. The tangent to the
(c) 10 cm and 8 cm
sides of an
curve y =
e at the point (0, 1)
(a) a t equilateral triangle are meets X-axis at

Case 4 the rate ot 2

cm/ sec. The rate at whichinereasing a) (0, 1
) 2a (d) none of these
between the
There is deployment of
arms
and ammunition An enemy
in ATghanistan increases, when side is 10 cm is: the area
t
nevOOdcutter wants to know relation to be prepared for any eventuality
at
the,border. (a)10 cm/s (c) (2, 0) (d) (0, 2)
of rectangular cross-section, then X + 2 on the other (b) 3 cnm/s
n d depth vehicle is moving along the curve y
=

T0. The
slope of tangent to the curves x t"+3t
5 at the point (2, -1) 1s =
It 1s -

8 and
side of the border. (c) 10/3 cm/s 10 y =2t"- 2t
(b) x =y (d) 3 /s
a)
(c)* = v3y 7
(d) none of these A ladder, 5 metre long, standing on a
horizontal (loor,
eans against a vertical wall. If the top of the ladder d))-6

A publisher wants
Case 3
publish a book consisting of 700
slides downwards at the rate of 10
cm/sec, then the
7
rate at which the angle between 11. The two
pages. Each printed page is to have a total area of 80 sq the floor and the curves x -3xy + 2 0 and 3xy -y" - 2 0
cm with a margin of 1 cm at the top and on each side and
ladder is decreasing when lower
end of ladder is 2 intersect at an angle of
metres trom the wall is :
a margin of 1.5 cm at the bottom.
(a) b)

(a)radian/sec
10 (b adian/sec
Based on the above information answer the following c) (J)
(c) 20 radian/sec (d) 10 radian/sec
questionsS
1. If an Afghanistan army has deployed its artillery 12. The interval on which the
3. The curve y = x*"* has at (0, 0) function flx) =2x +9x
(3, 2), then its distance d in km from the vehicle +12x 1 is decreasing is
Will be
(a) a vertical tangent (parallel to Y-axis)
(a)-1, r) (b)-2, -1)
(a) d = x +y - 5 km (b) a horizontal tangent (parallel to X-axis) (c) ( - , 2 ] d) -1, 11
(b) d = yx - 3) + (y - 2) km
(c) an oblique tangent
13. Let the f: R-> R be defined
d) no tangent
byf(x) = 2x +cosx,
then f
(a) has a minimum, at x = T
(e) d = y r - 2) +(y - 3) km 4. The equation of normal to the curve 3x -y= 8 which (b) has a maximum, at x = 0

(d) none of the above is parallel to the line x + 3y = 8 is (c) is a decreasing function
Based on the above 2. The distance d expressed as a function of x is (a) 3x-y = 8 (6) 3x +y +8 = 0 (d) is an increasing function
information answer the following
questions (c)x +3y t8 = 0
(a) d =Vx +2+ x2 yx + 3) x d) x +
3y 0 =

14. y
1. Ifx and denote the length and breadth of the
(b) d =
+
5. If the curve ay+x* = 7 and x =y, cut orthogonally at =x(x-3) decreases for the values ofx given by
y page, a) I <X<3 (b)
then the relation between the variables is , 1), then the value of a is
( d ycx -3 - x d) d vx - 3)+x
(a)a = 700 (b) y = 800 (a)1 (b) 0 c) (d) 0 <x<
3. If distance between the 2
(c) 2(x + y) = 80 (d) ay = 40 deployed artillery and the (c)-6 (d) 6
vehicle is shortest, then x is
2. If printed area of the page is A, then relation between
. Ity = X -10 and i f x changes from 2 to 1.99, what is 1 5 . The f.unction f(x) = 4 sin"x - 6 sins x + 12 sin x + 100
a) 3 b) 2
A and x iss the change in y is strictly.
(d) none of these
a) A 85 _ 160 (b) A = 85 * 160
4. The shortest distance between the
deployed artillery
(a) O.32 )0.032 (a) increasingin. (b) decreasing in
2 2 and vehicle is (e) 5.68 (d) 5.968

2-x,
the curve y(1 +x)
=

(a) v3 km (b) v7 km he equation of tangent to

(c) decreasing in | (d) decreasing in 0,
fc) A
855 160 (d) none of these
(c) VS km
where it crosses X-axis is
d) none of these (b)x- 5y=2
3. Length of the page tor which the 5. The
(a)X+Sy =
2 16.
Which of the following functions is
decreasin
printed area to be coordinates of the enemy vehicle at the border c) Sx- y 2 (d) 5x+ y=2
maximum is
will be the curve
on 0.
to
which the tangents
aB 4 b) 10 (a) (1, 3) n epoints at
c) 16 (d) 8
(b) (3, 1) =X- 12x+ 18 are parallel to X-axis are (a) sin 2x* (b) tan x
()(-1,3) la) (2, -2), (-2,-34) (b) (2, 34), (-2, 0) (c) cos r (d) cos 3x
(d) none of these 34) (d) (2, 2), (-2,
c (0, 34), (-2, 0)
 BANKof MATHEMATICS
Class
XI APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 111
VATSAL isc QUESTION
110 3x+3 cos
3r is
5T
=2 sin
17. The function JCr)
(a) always increases
=
tan X
-

* 22. At

(a)
x

maximum
= fx)

MOST EXPECTED MCOs

ANSWER SHEE
(b) always decreases
(b) minimum
Set-i
(c) never increases (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) CASE-BASED MCOs Case-1
decreases. 4. (d) 5.
(d) sometimes increases and sometimes c) zero minimum d) 1. (b 2. (a) 3. (b) (a)
maximum
nor
(b) 7. (c) 8. (d) 4. 5. C)
18. Ifx is real, the minimum value of x- 8x+ 17 is (d) neither

9
6 9. (a) 0 (b)
Case-2
-*+3x + 12. (b)
slope ofthecurve y
=
13.
(b) 0 23. Maximum 1. (a) (b) 14. (c) 15. (b)
(a) . (b)
17. (d) 18. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c)
(c)1 (d) 2 S 16. (d) 19. (a) 20. (a)
18x° + 96r (b) 12 Case-3
smallest value of the polynomial x 21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (a)
-

T9.
The (a) 24. (d) 25. (b)
in 10, 9] is (d) 32 27. (b) 28. (c) (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. C)
(c) 6 26. (a) 29. (a) 30. (b)
(a) 126 (b) 0 at
has stationary point 32. (b) 33 (b) Case-4
(d) 160 24. flx) =x a
31. (c) 34 (d) 35, (a)
(c) 135
(b) c) 37. (a) 38. (a) 9 . (b) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (C) 5. (a)
20. The function f(x) = 2x" - 3 x - 12x+ 4, has 6 (b) 40. (C)
(a) two points of local maximum set-il NCERT EXEMPLAR QUESTIONS
(b)two points of local minimum (d)x= ve 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (a) . (C) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (C) 5. (d)
(e) one maxima and one minima
(c)X=| .

6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (c) b. (a) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9 (b) 10. (b)
(d) no maxima or minima
10. (d)
25. The maximum value of (c) 2. (a) 13. (c) 4. (a) 11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (b)
21. The maximum value of sin xr cos x is 15. a)
6. (c) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (a) 16. (c) 17. (a) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20 (c)
(b) (a) e
21. (b) 22. (a) 21. (b) 22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (b) 2 5 . (c)

(c) 2 d) 2/2 e) -|
e

HINTS& SLUTIONS
MOST EXPECTED MCQs Set-
PREVIOus YEARS ISC (XID QUESTIONS
Slope of normal at (at", 2at)
1. Forfw)= sin 3 x (dy
f'lx)= 3 cos 3x>0 dx o, 2ot)
2at
1. Find the points on the curvey = 4x - 3r+ 5 at which 3. Prove that the function Sr) =x* -6x + 12r + 5
is 3x x<ie,0sxs 20
the equation of the tangent is parallel to the x-axis. increasing on R. [2019)
the function is strictly increasing in the interval
[2018) 4, of Thus
The10edge
o
variable
em/sec. How fast
a cube is increasing at
is the volume of the cube
the rate 4. For y= cOs 2X,
ay
sin 2x
2. Find the approximate change in the volume V of a dx
cube of side x metres caused by decreasing the side by increasing when the edge is 5 cm long? 2020
1%. (2018 5. The equation of tangent at (2, 3) 2. Forflx) = sin 3 x, f'(x) = 3 cos 33x dt
on the curve y=PX Slopeof normal at X
+ ISy= 4r- 7. Find the values of 'p' and 'q'. [20201 is strictly decreasingif
dxx
6

3cos 3x< 0 cos 3x S0 3x2

x6
2sin 2x)E 2sin
The upper limit i s f o r x. 6

Thusfx) isstrictly decreasing in 2 5. f)= -=0 *4x= #2

4
then f"lx) = + 3
Diferentiating y = 4 ax with respect to X,

2y. dy * Atx=2, S(X) =+ve, hence minimum.

So that dy 20 6. For f l x ) = (x + 1) - (x - 1),

dx y
 Class Xl
QUESTION BANK of MATHEMATICS APPLICATION OF ERIVATIVES 113
VATSAL 1Sc
G
112 > 0
function to be
increasingf"(x) is thus
For the Thepoint 21.
Differentiating the given equation
x -2x-5x +6 >0
ft-1)23-x-1-2 =0 (x-1(x + 2)(x -3) O0 >
Cosine functions are always creasing in the
y12x-x
...(1)
interval =
12 -3x =0 (as given) x*
(3, o) It is only fx) =4 x =t2
This is true for x> 3
<x<-1
i.e.,
i.e.,
xE

x E (-2, 1)
0 , =
tan x which is
increasing in
x

(x +1) (x-1 and for-2 When x= 2, from (1), y 16 i.e., point is (2, 16) and
=

increasing in x e (-2, 1)u (3, o)

This is satisñed by x = 0. Thusfx) is when x= -2, from (1), y = -24 +8 16 i.e., point =
is
For the given curve -2,-16).
Further f" = -x+1)5/3 -1)5/3 12.
22.
2 t +3 and = 4t -2 17, Differentiating the given function For the given curve
y =2x*- 6x-4 .(1)
it
dt
then f"(o)=- - 1 ) =- = negative ay=-xe +2xe" ay - 4x -6
dy_dy dt 2(2t-1) dx dx
Fromthese GX 2t+3
1
maximum dx /dt For the tangent parallel to X-axis
Thus given function is maximum at X=0 and
(2, -1), putting x= 2, Forincreasing function 0 ex(2-x) >0 dy
For the point Slope i.e., =0 4x 6 = 0 x =
value is fX)Imax (1) --15 =1+1=2 dx 2
+3t -8 2 t + 3t -10 0
=

The term e "Is always posiive so we can

Also at x = 1, fll) =(1+1 -(1 -1 / = 23 which take x(2 -x)>0
t+5t -2t 10 =0»t =2, -5 2 This is true for 0 <x<2 > xE (0, 2).
Putting in (1), y = 2x - 6 x
is less than 2.
-2t -5, 2t-2t
-

5 = -1
Putting y=-1 in y 2t For the given curve y =x* 4x+3
=
Thus given function has greatest value = 2.
18.
-

1)
7. For the given function =t-t-2 =0 - 2 t +t-2 =0 t=2,-1 (3) Thus point is
d -4
The common value of t in (2) and (3) is t= 2.
Fo)-- -6x Putting t=2 in (1), slope of tangent at t =
2
23. Forthe curve y =X* ...(1)
so that slope of normal = 1
as given)
-

For it to be decreasing function fx) <0

oint (2,-1)i 24 - 57
4 +3
2x-4 2
t=2 dx
i.e., 6x-12x -30x36<0=(x-1)-{x+2)-(x -3) <0 2x-4=-2 *-1=0 * = 1
i.e., 1 < x< 3o r x < - 2 Putting this value in (1), y=1-4+3 = 0 As tangent is parallel to X-axis -
13. As given, to find x for which value of P =x+ is
(1, 3) (-,-2) So the point is (1, 0). ay
ie.,x E orx E minimum.
dx
= 0 1- =
0x =t l
xe(-T,-2) (1, 3) 19. Given curve y = x-11x+5 ..1)
8. For the given function IP
or x=1, from equation (1), y=2
For tn
d dx 5 =0 >*
=1 = 3x-11 slope of tangent 1*=4>x=t£2
1-x=2-- ,x -1 dx For x=- 1, from equation (1), y =-2
(x1) x12 Thus required points are (1, 2) and (-1, -2).
Also A is positive for x = 1. Hence, P is For x=2, value of y from (1), y =-9 corresponding point
For all x E R,f'(x) > 0, hence fx) is increasing for all R. which
(2, 9) 24. For the given curve y = X*- ..1)
9. For the given function minimum at x = 1. This also satisfies the given equation of tangent y =X- 11
fx)=4x - 4 x = 4x (x - 1)(% +1)
point (-2, 19). = 1- -and for the tangent parallel to X-axXIS
14. Fory= sin x ,y = cosx ForX=-2, y=-8 +22+5 = 19 i.e,.,
x
For it to be increasing function It does not satisfy the given equation of tangent y =X- 11,
flx) > 0 xr -1)(x +1)>0 hence the required point is (2,-9). x 2
1
This is true for x>1 ie., x e (1, z) Slope of normal at (0, 0) -1.
Os 0
Cos O
20. For the curve 2x =
y and 2xy =
k, the point
4
or,-1<x <0 ie., x = (-1,0) Thus equation of normal at (0, 0) is y -0 = -

1 (x-0) Putting this value in (1), y =2+=3

Thus function is increasing in e (-1, 0) (1, ) X+y=0
10. For the given function ofintersection, y =
k3, x =

25. Given curve is y = x* (1)

f'lx) = 4x-4x = 4x\x - 1}\x +1)
15. For the given curve 2y =1» =4
dx 2y For curve 2x = y, Z=* and for 2xy =k, Taking log, log y=x log X
For this to be decreasing f'(x) < 0= { -1)(- 1)<0
Since tangent makes angle Differentiating =x.+logx =x*(1+ log x)
This is true for 0 <x<1>xE (0, 1) with X-axis dX

and for x <-1 i.e, x E (-7,-1) Forthe tangent to cut at right angles l d d ,
y y
Hence for fx) to be decreasing x (-z,-1) 1 For the stationary point, =0x*(1 + loge X)=0
11. For the given function
e
(0, 1) tan u=1>y=; ax

=1>k =24
fl- -6x Putting this -1xmio5-1 Butx0, 1 +loge X = 0
loge X=-1=* =ee
value in given equation
ax-[- or, k=2=8
 BANK ofMATHEMATICS
Class
XI APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 115
114 VATSAL Isc QUESTION
y = x" -62x +ax +9
and = 3a sin 6 cos Let
..1) Ox-30 cos 0 sin de
34.
d
26. Given curve is y =x-5x+6 sothat=4x-124 +a
-cos 6 dx
Forx=2, d -6, hence local max. at x=2
Differentiating,=2x-5 From these d y / d e
3asin -tan8
Fromthese ddx/de -3acos*0-sin , 0
Slope of tangent at (2, 0) is At (for turning point) and Ymax =2x2° -15x2 +36x2 1

Gy =4 -5=-1 At d -tan1 = 16-60+72+1=29

dx2,0) 4x1-124x1+a 0a= 120 =

and slope of tangent at (3, 0) is 1 COS x + Forx=3, =+6, hence local min. atx =3
Thus slope of normal dy 35. y= Sin X dx
=6-5=1 dx
dx 3. 0)
and Ymin 2x3-15x3* +36x3+1
Here mm2=(-1) x (1) =-1,
4x, =4
Forthe curve y =54-135+108+1=28
=

31. dx y
hence the angle between tangents is 90"E Maximum value of sin .=1, hence ymax =N.
2. Now at extreme points x=1and x=F5
slope=l>y=2|
27. Given function fix) = cos x-2 px Forthe liney=x+ 1 to bethe tangent y
Yx=1 2x1 -15x 1 +36x1 +1 = 24
So that f'x)=-sin x- 2p Given curve is
4x =1
36. 36 ..1 and x=5 =2x5" - 15 x 5 +36 x5+1 = 56
4x > 4 = X
Puttingthis value in y
=
For the function to monotonically decreasing, f'(x) <0
of line.
The point (1, 2) also satisfies the equation Differentiating with respect toX, 3664 dk =0 Comparing all values of y, the function has absolute
-sin x-2p<0 2p >-sin x p> -sin x 32. Curves are x = y .1) maximum value of 56 and minimum absolute value
of 24
and 2y =x dy --
sinx -1 so p> dx
39. Let the numbers be x and 24-X,

=1»| = m (sav
28. Curves are y = 1-kx ...(1) For these 2y dx dx J1,1)2 For the tangent parallel to X-axis=0-x=0,
then their product P =
x{24-x) =
24x-x
X
y=x (2)
For point of intersection equating values of y, 1- k =x
and
dx Ja, 1)
= 1 = m2 (say)
putting this value in (1), y = + 8 24-2x = 0 =x =12.
The angle between the tangents 6 is given by Thus points are (0, 8) and (0, -8).
..3) Also = -2 (negative) i.e., P is maximum when x= 12.
|37. Given x +y= 60 and xy = P (let)

Now for the curves, = -2kx and =

dx
2x tan6= ma
1+mm2
. then P (60-v).y
dy
=180y2-4y3
dx
The other number = 24-X= 24-12 = 12

i.e., the numbers are 12, 12.

beorthogonal For max. and min.
P
=0180y -4y =0 40. Let y=X+ sin 2x (1)
So that dy
- 4kx=-1
45 Differentiating=1+2cos2x = 0
Putting valueof from (3), 4k1k
k+1
33. Given curve is
y=0 is not admissible since that givesx=0from (1).
iX

8ay So we must have y = 45, then from x+ y= 60x= 15. cos2x=- 2x =120*,240°, 480°,600
29. For the curve 2
1)
negative for y =45,
T 2 T 4T 57
Further 360y -12y which is x= 60", 120", 240", 300 1Le, X
33 3
y
Differentiating 2x2.
25
-0 hence P is maximum. These are the values of x in the interval [0, 27).

25x
so that slope of normal =
- - (given) 36. Let y =2x -15x +36x +1 Differentiating again - 4sin2 x
2
X

then ay6x-30x+36
Asthe tangent is parallel to Y-axis,=* 1 =
40 so that x =
20 (in first quadrant) dx For 2x 120, = negative,
dx
+6=0X=2,3.
This gives y= 0.
Putingthis value in (1), y= 2) a.
rOrturning point=0 x-5x dx
Putting in (1), x = t3. Points are (3, 0) and (-3, 0). hence maximum at
x=60"
30. Given curve is = a cos 6, y = asin 9
These lie in [1, 5].
Thus point (2a, a).
is
d" Ymax
3
iferentiating again =12x -30 and
 BANK of MATHEMATICS
Class
X
116 VATSAL isc QUESTION
fx)= sin 2x then f'x) =2 cos 2x. APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 117
f)minimum
:e+e =1+1 =2 15 For maximum or minimum i
d'y positive, hence 250 x= 0 cos
2x =0
with x =
2, y =
14 i.e., the
point (2, 14) is
For 2x= 240°, -4 sin 240° = f(X)
=X*+
and with
dx function
X 2x *** x=-2, y=2 i.e., other point is (-2, 2).
10. Forthe given
21. For y
+3 sin 240 *=125 3TT =x 3x2
minimum and Ymin
3 2 =0
Sothat flx) 2x x ' 4' 4
=
n the
given interval 0
Also at extreme points yx = 0=0+ Sin 0=U f"x) = -2 sin 2x
<x <T Slope of tangent | =

and at x = 27,
Yx=27= 277
+ sin 47 = 277
P X=S d a.3
Comparing the four values ymax 2t, Ymin
Further f'l) = 2+ = positive for x =5, At X =
f'X) is
negative, hence maximum. Equation of tangent y-1 3(xX -1) =
y =
3x -2
Sef-ll
1. Given function flx) = sinx k x
31 22. For y = 4ax Gy 2a

ftx) = cosx -k
hence minimum at X=5 At =,fX)Is positive, hence minimum. dx y
So that
It is decreasing function x)<0 cos X - k<0 fix)lmin =5+
=
25 + 50 =75 Slope of tangent at (at,2at) =
5 Then, X)Iminimum Sin
or cos X <k 2 sin=-1 dx ot,2at)
2
Since maximum value of coS X is 1, thus k > 1. sin x
16. Forfx)
11. Let P =X+y = X+- Since xy=1>y=
= -

cos x
Equation of tangent y - 2at = (x - a t )
X X f ) = cOs X+ sin x = 0
2 fx)= x kx+1

So that flx) = 2x +k = 0 x = 1 x =+1 x =1 sin X= -cos X tan x - 1 > X-ty +ats =

0
For increasing function f(x)>0>2x+k20> k2-2x dx
CASE-BASED MCQs Case-1
For x e (1, 2), least value of k = - 2 (Since given that x > 0)
Thus fix) can not be investigate in 0<x<.
1. 2x + 2 t = 400 i.e., 2X + Ty= 400
3. For increasing funcion putf {x) > 0.
Now, P = = positive for x = 1, hence minimum at
4. For increasing functton 17. For the given function
dx x
fx)=x- sx +5x-1 2. A=xy and replace y from 2x+7ty= 400, A = - (200x - x*)
fx) >0 = o x=1. Pnin1+ 2 . -20x°
-12 fx) =
5x +15x =0 5x (x -4x +3)= 0
1-x>0= (x*-1) s0 X=0, 1, 3 3. dA -(200-2x) for max. and min. aA
=
0 i.e., x= 100
1 forx>0 dx dX
-1)(x+1) s0 x<1, x> -1- x e (-1, 1) 12. For the given function f'lx) = 0 for x = 0
Further f'lx)=20x* - 60x +30x
5. For decreasing function putflx)<0 Forx=0,f"x) =0 and =-(-2) i.e., max. and A =

-1 for x <0 m
dx
c o s X s i n x < 0 = tanx > 1 = xE
Since x = 0 is the turning point and f ) = +ve for x> 0
for X =
1, f"x) =
20-60+30=-10
for x=3, f"x)=20 x (3)°-60(3) +30x3 = positive 4. Here, A = xy + and replace y from 2x + Ty 400,
andf'lx) ==-ve for x <0, fx) is minimum atx=0.
rOr the gIven function fx) = *"**XCOS X
Thus fix) is minimum at x = 3 and maximum at x = 1.
sin 13. y =x* then (1+loge x) = O0 18. Forflx) = |sin 4x + 31 A = (4000-x -2x) for max. and min.
ax
In interval (0, 1), fx)>0 so that increasing. The maximum value of sin 4x = +1 and therefore
UX

7. For increasing function

> lo8e X =
-1>x == Mmax |1+3| =4 dA 0 i.e., x = 0 and dA -2)
f>0 3-27 0 19. X)=-lx+4| +6. The maximum value off ) is ax dx
obtained when minimum value of-|x+4|. The minimum
x -9>0 (x-3)(x -3) > 0 dy-
d2 +(1 +loge value of this = 0 hence . The area generated A = 40,000
X>3 or x - 3i.e., Ix] > 3 x + 4 = 0 and fx)]max=6
Case-2
8 ) >00 0 log 1 For x> 0,
d
positive, hence y is minimum at x= 20. For y =
x + 3x +4
...(1)
(log x) 2. Soc y and S o x
dy S=kyx (wherekis a constant)
X>e Thus e (e, z).
9. Given flx) = e +e
2x++3
dx 3. S=kx la- x)replace y from x+y=a in S- kyx*

so that f'lx) = e" - e = 0 e =1 = e"

Equation of tangent at (, v) 4. Here,T=S =k'*°(a*-x)=ka'-K
Y-y= (2x + 3) (X- X
This givesx=0 then f"(x) e"
14. f) =3" then f'lx) =
3° loge 33 his passes through (X = 0, Y= 0), hence k'a
dx
6x -k*8x
=
+e =
positive for x =
0
y= 2x+
3x ...(2)
Thus f{x) is minimum at x = 0
For all x e
R,f'x) is positive, O-y=(2x+3) (0 -x) di
For max. and mil.
hence flx) is strictly
increasing. From (1) and (2) eguat =4 X=t2
t4
dy

X+3x+4 2x +3x =4
 VATSAL ISc QUESTION BANK ofMATHEMATICS
Class
X
118
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 119
=2 cm/s,
a =
10cm,
Given
For x =
Y,
d =3x so that
dT= Ka 30x s6x<0 dt
As the point (2, -1) lies on curve 2 =t+3t
ie.,- 4
and
dx
OX 1 ,1)
8
dA 1 0x 2 103 cm/sec t+3t -10 0
x 230 d 2 : orthogonally-*3- -1 a =66 > t=2 and t - 5
+5t -2t 10 0
(e., max.) at =

4 Butt=-5 does not satisfy

2. Given 2 +y' = 5= +y? = 25
y =x-1 y 2t 2t 5 for point (2, -1),
5. Put x=in+y=o we get y = hence t=2 is the
appropriate value.
4
1 0cm/s y+Ay =(X+Ax)-10 Now
Therefore, x = v3y andgiven bm de 2x2+3 -7
Subtractin8 ay = (*+ Ax)" - x * = x
y= 500 sin
Case-3 from fi
For y dy
A X 5 cos 0 2t -2t -5 we have = at -2
2. A
(x-2) and replace yfrom xy=80 dt
= 500cos6.=10
dt
dt

Sothat 4x2-2 6
A = 85 160 d6
Given x 2, Ax =
0.01, Ay= 4
2 X
dt 50cos 0.01 =0.32 x
(2) x

dy /dt6
7. At point where Curve crosses X-axis, Y= 0 Slope of tangent
dx /dt 7
dA
dx for max. and min. =0 i.e.,
But cos = sothat dt 50 x 2 radian/sec Sothat 0 2 - x X = 2. Thus
point is (2, 0).
OX
Differentiating the equation oft given curvve 11. The curves x
are -

3xy +2 =
0 (1)
x=8 and dA
2 1600
3 atx =8 3. For the curve y(2x)+(1+x 11 and
3x'y-y-2 0 (2)
y=x5,=.y

4. Putx=8 in A 85- we get A= 45 sq cm dx 5 Sx/ At(2, 0), 0+(5) yIX -1 sothat Forthe first curve 3x dy
-6xy-3y 00
OX
2 X
a t (0, 0) * s o that slope of tangent tan0 x". - y
5. Ifx=8 then y = 10 as xy = 80
0
Equation of tangent at (2, 0) is y -

0 =
-x-2) dy
dx 2xy
Case-4 0=90 X+ 5y = 2
i.e., the tangent is parallel to Y-axis.
2. d vx-3) +x replace y = 2 + x in 8. The curve is y = x - 12x + 18
For the second curve 3x + 6xy 3y -0=
dx dx
d Vx-3) +-2 km 4. For the curve 3x-y =8. 6x -2y=O
So that dy3x
dx
-12 dy y (4)
A
= 2{x 3) +4x° for max. and min.
3. Put d = A, then
dx
ay3
OX y Since tangentis parallel to X-axis y 0 From (3) and (4)
= 0 i.e., x = 1
Slopeof normal =
3x-12 =0 x= t2
2, y=2"
Forx -
12x2+18 2
and
a=2+12x
ix
>0 at x=1 (as given line has slope = -

For =-2, y = (-2)° +12 x 2+18 = 34

Points are (2, 2) and (-2, 34).

Thusthe curves meet orthogonally i.e., at angle of 2
4. y=X
Putx1 in d =W(x -3)*+Xwe get d=vs km
5. Ifx =1 then y = 3 use y = 2 +x and coordinate will be Putting this value 3x x =
8, x =t 2, y = 2 9.
For y =e; = 2e 12. Given flx) =
2x +9x+12x-1
(1, 3) Equation of normal at (+2, +2), So that fix)= 6x + 18x + 12
NCERT EXEMPLAR QUESTIONS and = 2e 2
s0 6x° +18x+ 12 s 0
) 3y 6 = -xt2
Forfx) to be decreasing f'lx)
1. Area of equilateral triangle of side 'a' is 0, 1)
l=0 3 x + 2 s0
or,
x+3y F8 =
0 or, x
+3y + 8 =
0 ne equation of tangent y - 1 =2(x - 0) 2x -y+ ( * + 1) (x+ 2) s 0 - 2 sxS-1
A
5. This 0. So that
For oy + x =
7, meets X-axis at y = x =
i.e., x must lie in the interval [-2, -1).

Differentiating with respect to ime t

differentiating a+2x =0
dx
2x Thepoint is thus
13. Given ffx) = 2x + cOs x So that f'(x) =2 - sin x

aX
Since-1 S Sin xS 1,
at ay hencef"(x)>0 ie.,fx) is an increasing function.
\dx /(1,1) For x=t +3t 8,=2t +3 dt
 of MATHEMATICs
Class Xi APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
120 VATSAL Isc QUESTION BANK 121
is minimie
aWe have y =-x +3x2 9x-27
x=8,=6x8-36=positive, hence y num.
14. Given function fix) = x{x - 3)
For
So thatf'x) = 2x(x - 3) + (x- 3)*

For fx) to be decreasing function f() <0

dx
8 + 96x 8 = 512 -1152 + 768 =
128
130
Slope or tangent
s==-3x +6x +9 Ifx=

-18 x

<0 (x-3) (2x+X -3) <0 Ymin 8 dS

2x(x - 3) (x-3)
+
at x 9, y 135 =
NoW -

6x +6 =0x
0, y =0 and
=

dx
ix-3) (x-1) <0 1<x<3 Also atx =1
=

interval (0, 9), the

small value of y is zero
15. Given function Thus in the
ds
f ) = 4 sinx - 6 sin' x + 12sin x + 100
20. Given fx) =
2x -3x -12x +4 and -6 i.e., maximum at
dx x =
1
So, required
Differentiating flx) = 12sin x-cos x-
So that flx) =6x
-

6x -

12 =
0 points are
12sin x cos x + 12 cos x +0 (S)max-3+6+9 12
This givesx -x-2=0=x-2x +X-2=0>x=-1,2 We have f{x) = ** 2. To find: x
= 12 cos x(sin'x- sin x +1) 24. 100
Further ')= 12x-6 Then flx) =
x* (1
In this sin x-sinx +1 = sin* x + (1-sin x) is always
SE)= -18 i.e., maximum log, x) + =
0 OX
Given: - x 100 =-1 ( 1% decrease)
positive, hence sign off'lx) will depend upon sign of cos x.
f2)= 24-6 = +18 minimum x0, lo8e X= -1
and
The function is decreasing when cos x <0i.e., x 6
Clearly the given function has one maximum and one x =e=
Now, V=x is the side ofcube)
minimum. dV = 3x
sin interval,z lies in hence f) is dx
21. Given y = sin XcoS X =Sin 2 x, Thus x i s stationary point
2 e SV 3x 8x (approximate change)
decreasing when x E
then dy = COS 2 X
16. Function fx) = cos x decreases from x = 0 to x = 2 All
25. Let y= ,log y-x loBe X

y 0 oV 3x
other functions f(x)= sin 2x and fix) = tan increase from when = cos 2x = 0 2x = - 100 3 X X 100
x=0 to
1 ay 1- loge X ay
y(1+log x) =0=>x =
y dx dx e
x =
2
While f{x) = COS 3x decreases from x = 0 to x =
Now = -2sin 2 x V100
100 °3 x x100 3-1) given)
Differentiating again, V
and then increases.
d2
A p p r o x i m a t e change in volume = 3% decrease.
17. Given function fx) = tan x - x
At O = -2 sin = -2 hence maximum. x
L-(1 +lo8,
X
dy
dx 3. x)-x-6x+ 12x +5
thenf') sec = x-1.
dx f'x) = 3x- 12x+ 12
Since sec x21 hencefx) 20
i.e., f) is always increasing. At x dy
-ve since S)=30-4x+4) =3tx-2)>0 VxeR

n 0
=

Ymax Therefore, fo) is an increasing function.

18. Givenfunction y=x-8x+17 dx dx

4. Let / be the edge of cube. Given, 100m/s and/=5 cm

22. Givenfx) = 2 sin 3x+3 cos 3x
Sothat=2x-8 =0 x =4 Therefore Ymax dt
aX
So that S'x) = 6 cos 3X- 9 sin 3x
av22 d dV
3x25x 10
dt dt dt
= 2 (positive for all x) so that y is minimum for x=4
At given point
PREVIOUS YEARS ISC (XI) QUESTIONS
dx V
y= 4x-3x+5 y 4x -3x +5 = 750 cm/sec
dt
Ymin=4-8x4+17 =1 y =12x -3
19. Let y = x* - 18x +96x 6 cos-9sin 5. Given,= px +q
ay
2y dx 3px
Slope of x-axis = 0 ..i)
ay - 3x-36x +96 (X.y) ay 3p x4= 20
that

x*-12x
IX
=0

+ 32 = 0> (x-4) (x-8) =0 =X =4, 8

6cou2-9sn 2+ Since, tangent is parallel to.
the x-axis.
K-axis
dx2,3) 2x3

Also, 2p 4 P=2 ( y = 4x 7 m-4)

. Slope of tangent at a point
=
6cos- 9sin=0-9 on the curve = Slope of X-axis px +q y 2x+2
Next
6x -36 Point (2, 3) will satisfy it 9 = 16 + q
ST
t mean
X= is not a
turning point. It is nen
12-3-0? -*-*/
For x=4, d".y 6x4-36
6 Thus, P-2andq=-7
=
negahive, hence y is maximum.
dx maximum nor minimum at this point.