Ministry of Higher

Egyptian Education
Academy for Engineering & Advanced Technology
Affiliated to the Ministry of Military Production

Electrical Engineering Department Course Name: Antenna Engineering.

Electrical Engineering Course Code: ECO 344
Fall Semester 2018 -2019 Exam Period: Two Hours
Final-term Exam Total Marks: 40 Degrees
Instructor Name: Dr. Ayman Elboushi No. of Pages: 3 pages

Question #1 Mark: 10 ILO’s: a1, a2

a. Discuss brefily the following terms:
i. Antenna efficiency.
ii. Antenna gain.
iii. Array factor.
iv. Circular polarization.
v. Balun.

b. A lossless resonant half-wavelength dipole antenna, with input impedance of 73+j42.5 ohms,
is connected to a transmission line whose characteristic impedance is 50 ohms. Assuming that
the pattern of the antenna is given approximately by U = 10 sin3θ
Find:
i. The maximum directivity in dB.
ii. The total antenna efficiency.
iii. The maximum antenna gain in dB.

Question #2 Mark: 10 ILO’s: b2, b3

a. Two lossless X-band horn antennas operates at 10 GHz are separated by a distance of 100λ.
The reflection coefficients at the terminals of the transmitting and receiving antennas are 0.1
and 0.2, respectively. The maximum directivities of the transmitting and receiving antennas
(over isotropic) are 16 dB and 20 dB, respectively. Assuming that the input power in the
lossless transmission line connected to the transmitting antenna is 2W, and the antennas are
aligned for maximum radiation between them and are polarization-matched, find
i. The free space loss.
ii. The maximum effective apreture.
iii. The power delivered to the load of the receiver.

b. For a small wire dipole antenna with a total length of d,

i. Plot the current ditribution across the antenna.
ii. Drive the radiation pattern components for this antenna.

Examiner Name Dr. Ayman Elboushi

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Ministry of Higher
Egyptian Education
Academy for Engineering & Advanced Technology
Affiliated to the Ministry of Military Production

Question #3 Mark: 10 ILO’s:a3,c1

a. Find the radiation resistance of a wire antenna whose overall length is l = λ/200. If this antenna
has a constant current distribution of 5A, calculate the total radiated power?

b. Design a rectangular microstrip patch antenna using a substrate (RT/duroid 5880) with
dielectric constant of 2.2, h = 0.1588 cm (0.0625 inches) so as to resonate at 15 GHz.

Mark: 10 ILO’s:a4,c2
Question #4

a. Find the radiation efficiency of a single-turn and a four-turn circular loop each of radius λ/(10π)
and operating at 10 MHz. The radius of the wire is 10−3λ and the turns are spaced 3 × 10−3λ
apart. Assume the wire is copper with a conductivity of 5.7 × 107 S/m, and the antenna is
radiating into free-space (consider Rp/Ro=0.5 ).

b. Consider an array of two identical infinitesimal dipoles oriented as shown in following

figure. For a separation d and phase excitation difference β between the elements, find
i. The total electrical field radiation pattern.
ii. The angles of observation where the nulls of the array occur (assuming
farfield approximation). The magnitude excitation of the elements is the same.

Examiner Name Dr. Ayman Elboushi

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Ministry of Higher
Egyptian Education
Academy for Engineering & Advanced Technology
Affiliated to the Ministry of Military Production

Useful formulas

For infinitesimal dipole

For small dipole

For Microstrip antenna

For small loop antenna

Examiner Name Dr. Ayman Elboushi

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