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6 Dynamic Formulas2
6 Dynamic Formulas2
Note: Dynamic pile formula are not used for soft clays due to pore pressure evolution
Engineering New Formula
WH W e W p
2
Qf .
S C W Wp
Qf=Ultimate Load Capacity of Pile (Avg Resistance of
Soil to Penetration)
e=Coefficient of restitution
η
(0.75-1.0) Drop hammer
(0.75-0.85) Single acting hammer
0.85 Double acting hammer
0.85-1.0 Diesel hammer
e
Timber pile 0.25
Timber Dolly + Steel Pile, 0.3
Plastic Dolly + Steel Pile, 0.5
Plastic Dolly + Reinforced Concrete Pile =0.4
0.7
0.6 e=0
0.5
0.4
Heavier hammer
0.3
or lighter piles
0.2 give better
efficiency
0.1
0
0 1 2
Coefficient of Restitution: W/P
Danish Formula
WH
Qf
1 2WHL
0 .5
S
2 AE
η =(0.7 to 0.95)
Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant
W Weight of hammer
H Height of fall
Qu Pile resistance or Pile capacity
S Pile penetration for the last blow
Hammer fall efficiency
Efficiency of blow
C Sum of temporary elastic compression
of pile, dolly, packing, and ground
W e Wp 2
W Wp
R.L
C2 0.657
A
C3 0.073 2.806 R
Ap Ap Overall cross-sectional area of pile at toe in cm2
Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant
Units: kN and m.
W Weight of hammer/ram
P Weight of pile
H Height of free fall in meters.
Hammer fall efficiency as mentioned for modified Hiley ’s formula
A Area of pile
E Elastic modulus of pile
s Set per blow as for Simplex formula
L Length of pile
A steel H-Pile of sectional area (A) 14x10-3 m2 is driven into
sand by a double acting stem hammer supplying a rated
energy (WH) of 35 kN-m per blow. Weight of pile+ cap
(Wp)=19.5 kN, weight of hammer including casing (W)=35.5
kN, length of pile (L)=12 m, Young’s modulus (E) =210x106
kPa, average set per blow (S)= 16 mm, hammer efficiency
(η)=0.85, coefficient of restitution (e)=0.5. Find ultimate
capacity of the pile by (i) ENR Formula (ii) Modified
Engineering News formula (iii) Danish formula (iv) Modified
Hiley formula (ignore elastic compression) (v) Janbu’s formula.