GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC WASHIM

2020-21

A Project Report On

“COLLECT SIX PHOTOGRAPHS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF DAMAGES IN B.B.

MASONRY WORKS IN THE AREAS WHERE STUDENTS RESIDES. DO THE
DIAGNOSIS OF AILMENTS, SUGGEST THE REMEDIAL MEASURES.”

ROLL NO. NAMES ENROLLMENT NO.

41. MANGESH A. KALE 180031065
42. PRATIK A. KALSAIT 1800310166
43. A. M. KHADSE 1800310167
44. MAHEK M. KHAN 1800310170
45. S. D. MANWAR 1800310171
46. HARSHAL D. PODHADE 1800310174
47. JAGRUTI V. RATHOD 1800310176
48. JAYESH B. RATHOD 1800310177
49. SAHER A. KHAN 1800310179
50. S. R. SAKHLIKAR 1800310180
51. SHUBHAM N. SARAF 1800310181

Prof. N. S. Zanjad Prof. N. S. Vidyasagar

Guide Head of department

Dr. V. R. Mankar
Principal

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2020-21
 Name of Micro Project
“COLLECT SIX PHOTOGRAPHS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF DAMAGES IN B.B.
MASONRY WORKS IN THE AREAS WHERE STUDENTS RESIDES. DO THE
DIAGNOSIS OF AILMENTS, SUGGEST THE REMEDIAL MEASURES. ”

Submitted by -
Roll Enrollment Name Roll Enrollment Name
No. No. No. No.
41 1800310165 MANGESH A. KALE 47. 1800310176 JAGRUTI V. RATHOD

42. 1800310166 PRATIK A. KALSAIT 48. 1800310177 JAYESH B. RATHOD

43. 1800310167 A. M. KHADSE 49. 1800310179 SAHER A. KHAN

44. 1800310170 MAHEK M. KHAN 50. 1800310180 S. R. SAKHLIKAR

45. 1800310171 S. D. MANWAR 51. 1800310181 SHUBHAM N. SARAF

46. 1800310174 HARSHAL D.PODHADE

Guide
Mr. N. S. Zumjad
Lecturer in Civil Engineering

Department of Civil Engineering

Government Polytechnic, Washim
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
 GOVERNMENT P0LYTECHNIC, WASHIM

CE
This is to certify that by Mr. / Ms ___________________________________

Roll No. _________ of Department of Civil Engineering has completed this Micro

Project of the subject named MRS (22602) within the four walls of the institute.

Date: / /20

Place: Washim

Mr. N. S. Vidyasagar,
Mr. N. S. Zanjad
Head of Department,
Lecturer,
Department of Civil
Department of Civil Engineering
Engineering
 Annexure 1A

Part A- Plan (About 2-3 Pages)

Format for Micro-Project Proposal
For 1st To 4th Semester

Title of Micro-Project

COLLECT SIX PHOTOGRAPHS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF DAMAGES IN B.B.

MASONRY WORKS IN THE AREAS WHERE STUDENTS RESIDES. DO THE
DIAGNOSIS OF AILMENTS, SUGGEST THE REMEDIAL MEASURES.

1.0 Brief Introduction

(Importance of the project, in about 4 to 5 sentences)
This project is about causes of damages in B.B. Masonry structures. In this micro
project we will discuss all such damages and their causes. Some of the there are: -
Failure To Fill Bed Joints, Excessive Thickness Of Bed Joints, Deviation From
Alignment Or verticality, exposure To Adverse Weather, Failure To Adjust Suction In
Bricks, Defects Due To Incorrect Mixing And Proportioning Of Mortar.

2.0 Aim of the Micro Project (in about 4 to 5 sentences)

1. To identify the factors and causes damages of B.B. Masonry Structures
2. To study the factors and causes of damages in B.B. Masonry structures.
3. To do the deeply analysis of that causes.
4. To draw a conclusion from overall data.

3.0 Action Plan (Sequence and time required for major activities for 8 Weeks)

Sr. Planned start Planned finish Name of responsible Team

Details of activity Members
No. date date
Collecting the information JAYESH B. RATHOD
1 15-05-21 16-05-21
regarding the topic
Choosing the relevant HARSHAL D. PODHADE
2 16-05-21 17-05-21
information
3 Setting it in a proper format 18-05-21 19-05-21 HARSHAL D. PODHADE
 4.0 Resources Required (major resources such as raw material, some machining facility,
software etc.)

Sr. Name of Resource / Remarks

Specifications Qty
No. material
Tecknowledge -
1 Books 1
publications
2 Personal Computer - 1 -

3 Internet - - -
 Annexure - II A

Part B (Outcomes after Execution)

Format for Micro-Project Report (About 8-10 Pages)

Title of Micro-Project

1.0 Brief Introduction

(Importance of the project, in about 100 to 200 words)
This project is about causes of damages in Masonry structures. In this micro
project we will discuss all such damages, their causes and remedial measures. Some
of the there are Failure To Fill Bed Joints, Excessive Thickness Of Bed Joints,
Deviation From Alignment Or verticality, exposure To Adverse Weather, Failure To
Adjust Suction In Bricks, Defects Due To Incorrect Mixing And Proportioning Of
Mortar.

2.0 Aim of the Micro Project (in about 100 to 200 words)
To identify, study and do the deeply analysis of that causes of damages occurs in
B.B. Masonry structures.

3.0 Course Outcomes Integrated (Add to the earlier list if more Cos are addressed)

a) Understanding various causes and factors of damages in B.B. Masonry structures.

b) Understanding and to learn the preventive measures of that mentioned damages.

4.0 Actual Procedure Followed. (Write step wise the work was done, including which
team member did what work and how the data was analyzed (if any).

1) Firstly we collected the information which was topic oriented. This task was done
By Harshal D. Podhade, Jayesh B. Rathod.
2) Then we set it under the proper and contemporary sub-topics. This was done by
Harshal D. Podhade.
3) Using the personal computer we set that information with the help of MS Word
2011 in a suitable and required pattern. Then we made a draft copy of what we
had done. This was done by Harshal D. Podhade.
4) Then we convert the word document into PDF form.
5.0 Actual Resources Used (Mention the actual resources used).
Name of Resource / Remarks
Sr. No. Specifications Qty
material
Tecknowledge -
1 Books 1
publications
2 Personal Computer - 1 -

3 Internet - - -

6.0 Outputs of the Micro-Projects (Drawing of the prototype, drawing of survey,

presentation of collected data, findings etc.)
By contributing somewhere in this micro project, we are now able to
understand and identify what type of damages a building or any Masonry structure
has. We also have been able to suggest the suitable remedial and preventive measures
of the causes.

7.0 Skill Developed / learning out of this Micro-Project (in about 150 to 300 words).

From this micro project we have learnt that how to identify, rectify and analyze the
types of damages. We have also learnt, suggesting the suitable preventive measures to that
damages occurs in Masonry structures. Defects can arise in new brickwork because of poor
standards of workmanship.
INTRODUCTION

Brickwork is masonry produced by using mortar and bricks. Brickwork provides a

natural pleasing aesthetic to structure. Brick masonry provides high durability as during
construction, one layer is laid upon another and avoiding a continued line of joints for two or
more layer or course, moreover, an appropriate bond is formed adhering bricks together by
filling joints with mortar. Standard brick size for modular brick is 200mm x 100mm x
100mm, including 10mm mortar thickness.

Workmanship simply means the grade of skills used to deliver the required tasks. Poor
workmanship can result into lower quality work, higher cost for maintenance and even failure
of structure. It can take as long as a year for defects or faults to surface after the completion of
structure.
Defects IN Brickwork Due To Poor Workmanship
1. Failure To Fill Bed Joints

A higher work pace or weak supervision and during furrowing practice, the bed joint
filling might be improper. During practice of furrowing, a long and narrow trench is made in
mortar bed with the tip of his trowel, i.e. a gap is created in middle of mortar bed parallel to
face of wall.

A reduction in strength as much as 33% can be noted due to incomplete filled bed
joints. However, a significant impact in noted on flexural resistance rather than on
compressive strength and moreover, filling of vertical joints is quite difficult than horizontal
joints.

Further inevitable problems with respect to sound insulation and weather exclusion are
caused as result of unfilled perpendicular joints. Furrowing practice must be avoided and a
considerable work pace must be attained.

2. Excessive Thickness Of Bed Joints

An effective reduction in compressive strength of masonry is noted with increase in thickness

of bed joints as the larger thickness of bed joints results in larger lateral tensile stresses in
comparison to thin bed joints.

Thus, a too thick joint increases chances for collapse of member or structure under working
loads. For example, a bed joint that is 16 mm to 19 mm thick possesses up to 30% less
compressive strength than the bed joint that is only 10 mm.
3. Deviation From Alignment Or Verticality

One of the main issues with the brick walls is their vertical alignment, that’s why a plump is
always used to check for verticality at certain work points. If masonry brickwork is
constructed without use of plumb, there might be unnecessary deviations from required
vertical alignment.

This resulting deviations will result into extra amount of eccentric loads and moreover, an
effective reduction in strength. For example, a brick wall that possesses deviation of 12 mm to
20 mm from required alignment might possesses up to 15% less strength than the walls with
no such defect.
4. Exposure To Adverse Weather

Exposure to hot weather may cause a substantial moisture loss, due to which cement
hydration might remain incomplete and desired strength is not attained by mortar. Newly
constructed brickwork must be prevented from exposure to high heat or very low temperature
conditions.

Due to low temperature or freezing might cause reduction in strength due to abnormality
vertical alignment. To reduce impacts of these adverse conditions, polythene sheets could be
used to cover brickwork in hot conditions and in freezing weather, strategy of heating
construction materials might be adopted.

 Masonry construction practices must be done under favorable temperature conditions :

4 deg C to 37.8 deg C
 In case temperature is greater than 32.2 deg C along with wind velocity greater than
12.9 Km per hour implicates hot weather requirement. In such case, protect materials
from direct sunlight and use cool mixing water and maintain mortar consistency. Fog
spray newly constructed masonry unit for a minimum of 3 times a day for not less than
3 days after completion.
 For freezing conditions, do not lay masonry units at temperature below -6.7 deg C.
Heat the surface without causing any damage. Heat mixing water to produce mortar at
recommended temperature, but do not heat water or aggregates above 60*C. Protect
newly constructed masonry by covering with a resistive membrane for at least 24
hours after completion.
5. Failure To Adjust Suction In Bricks

During construction of slender walls with using absorptive bricks, a significant amount of
water is absorbed by the bricks. Due to this loss of water from mortar, its shape changes from
flat to pillow shape and the mortar might not be able to return to its original shape as along
with loss of water from mortar there is substantial movement of bricks.

These conditions might result into unstable brickwork due to curving and swelling out shape
of mortar and corresponding loss of strength. To avoid this condition, pre-wetting of bricks
and addition of lime to mortar mixture to resist water suction is recommended.

6. Defects Due To Incorrect Mixing And Proportioning Of Mortar

Use of unnecessary amount of plasticizer or use of high water to cement ratio can result into a
weak or lean mortar i.e. reduced strength of mortar. Proper considerations must be kept while
deciding for bricks of required crushing strength and corresponding mortar strength and
proportioning. A slight change in any of the strengths (brick or mortar), majorly affects the
masonry.
CONCLUSION
In this micro project we have learnt the types of damages often occur in B.B. Masonry
structure. As per our discussion we concluded that for smooth and safe performance of a
structure, at the time of construction, better care should be taken while doing construction
operations. Post construction issues are also crucial in prevention of deterioration and damages
such as periodic maintenance, re-strengthening and periodic inspection. Defects can arise in
new brickwork because of poor design or specification, the use of sub-standard materials and
poor standards of workmanship.