1.

Introduction
2. Temples
3. City of Rome
4. Public Buildings
5. Houses
Julius Ceasar ”all roads lead to Rome“ Hadrian’s Wall
Engineering Skills

Aqueducts

Sewer System – Cloaca Maxima

Bridges

Crane
Engineering Skills

Roman roads
Roman Concrete Building with concrete Roman Walls
 Symbolic Arch – Military victories Decorative Techniques

opus sectile – walls & floors

in marble, glass or pearls
mosaics

ornamentation
 Roman Oders

Composite

Ionic Corinthian
Roman Art of Vaulting

barrel / tunnel vault

tunnel vault & groin vault

types of arches

aqueduct and arch groin vault on 4 points

TEMPLES
 Roman Temples Temple of Hadrian
• Etruscan influence
• Located within the city
• Placed on the podium
• Approach from one side
• Deep front porch – “front design”
• Imposing façade – one point view
• Roman temples emphasized
front of the building
• Interior design treatment

Arch breaks into the pediment “Syrian Pediment” over

the main entrance
Nimes, Maison Carree 20 BC-15BC

6 x 11
columns
Pantheon - for all Roman Gods (120AD – 124AD)

circular building
8 recesses & huge dome 42m x 42m
28 ribs & oculus
square coffers
Pantheon
 Complex of Baalbek (2c AD) - Lebanon

Temple of Venus
Temple of Jupiter
(20m height)

Temple of Bacchus
CITY OF ROME & PUBLIC BUILDINGS
City of Rome

Forum Romanum
 Forum Romanum – growth by accretion
(increase in size by gradual external addition)

center of the city

roofed colonnades, statues,

temples, markets, basilicas,
libraries
Trajans Market covered market street
Basilica of Maxentius (313 AD)

• length 24mx3
• height 35m
• nave higher
than aisles

• nave
• aisle
• apse
• groin vaults
• tunnel vaults
Roman Bath – Caracalla (211 – 217 AD)
• 2 entrance halls
• natatio (roofless swimming pool)
• frigidarium (cold water)
• tepidarium (warm water)
• calidarium (hot water)
• open peristyles
• gymnastic rooms
• park & stadium
• lecture halls & library
• aqueduct
Hypocaust system – “fire beneath”
• central heating / under floor heating
• hot air

wall flues for hot air circulation

 Theatres

Greek Theatre Roman Theatre

 Amphitheatre - Collosseum

• 45 000 people
• 180m x 150m
• height 50m
• arena & 3 rings of
seats
• 3 Orders
• underground level
Engineering Wonder
Library in Ephesus Houses & Villas
 Shall we revised…..
• Masters of Engineering Skills 
• Materials & Building Techniques 
• Art & Decoration 
 Shall we revised…..
• Roman Orders 
• Temples 
Shall we revised…..
• City of Rome & Forum 
• Public Buildings 
Shall we revised…..
Public Buildings 