)) Discrete Fourier Transform and

) Fast Fourier Transform _

—— — oa— : $$
——

Definition and Properties of DFT,IDFT, circular convol

ution of sequences using DFT and IDFT, Relation betwe
en
transform and DFT Filtering of long data sequences: Overlap Save and Overlap Add Method Computation
of
DFT Fast Fourier transforms(FFT), Radix-2decimationintime
and decimation in frequency FFT algorithms, inverse
FFT, and Introduction to composite FFT.
—

Hie Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT)

LQ. 1.1.1 Define DFT. Explain with mathematical expression

LQ.1.1.2 Why itis necessary to have N>L? i
where - N : N-point DFT
L : Length of the signal x icine ee Pe rar aris tavoacasssavtttretooeeate 1-1
FARO Steinar) Signals ccce case scrercsee cae a a eat ee ccc eb acc eens scant veiusvesdsueseveoucucechesveezectents 1-1

1.2 Computation of DFT Using Definition ofDET sssesssssetsserssernseeseetnecneensteanernnetenets Sac eea eas stcuba vusGvevscts steenscteaneecre 1-3

IE x211 52510 (MU:= Dee 2010; TO Marks) icrentacse ssc scveccarsectesecsctes ycessvscecesassnvenesonsossasacscscnecnenssccesnestsuceiteere® 1-9

1.3 ences sorcerers

DFT as Linear Transformation Mattix.......ssscsesssssssessersssesesceesessnes Tegeannepeneaycsccerrece rstaec orareeeeeteee 1-11
cessartata

LQ. 1.3.1 Generate expression of DFT as linear transformation Matrix.......s.scssssessssesssessesessssesssesseesssscesscesssseeess 1-11

1.4 Computation of DFT Using Matrix Method earrstranennsnamen a oatenesoarae canescens aas ect st et eroctctresreceprencacieitasassstceartetteeeeeete 1-13
BIE Xip9)4°3 (MAUS = Misty 2016, SIMTK) s.50---ccccerecenrareecrececersanczscertecceonnaatcetenrcredacsecceoncuscteovstsenessreqassescisecsazereaueere 1-15
e
UEX. 1.4.4 (MU - May 2018, 5 MarK8)...........c-ccsccsssssssssssssesssssssssssssssssssnssnnsssseccensssnssnsssescessssssssaseenssnunsecesec 1-16
uusesesenscss
EPRI nen
O ML May 2095, 5 MAK) acre sccgssnnresvitneosreenntinenenryoesmnimmug utaneaaie 1-20
UEX. 1.4.11 (IMU - Dec. 2008, 10 Marks) ........-csccecssessessssssassssssessssseecseseeensssnsuueessssssssassnssstsassssssasnteesiseceseesceneeneenns 1-21
UEX. 1.4.12 (MU - Dec. 2008, Dec. 2013, 10 MarkS)........sssssssssesessessssesssssesessecesessesessssnsssssssusesseceeessuassceesessssnsees 1-22
UEX. 1.4.13 (MU - Dec. 2011, 10 Marks) ........+.-ssessessssssseseeessssnsssssonsesessesssassnsrseeecessnsassssasssssssssseeanaeeseeeecesennnanae 1-22
Properties Of DFT .+sssssssscessssssscesssssssnssssssseeeesnsosneessesnstenecnnvaresennssssscasvsanesecsscnssseeeseuin 1-24
asasstensecessusananasererenenteseaes
UQ. 1.5.1 Write short note on properties of DFT (MU - May 10, 8 Marks)
 pescesaeabeeneqeeeerannes

PE areas. ~ May 2011, 4 Marks)...

SUEK 1.5.8 (U- May 2018, 10 Math) ccceeenecnerinennnsonnnnsonnansnsnnnunsnnnnan
10 MarkS)....ccscscsactaeseiesssrtntistsnieisistsnistiseesenetinisensenstaeeeteenaeicttty
- UEK. 1.5.10 (MU - » May 2012,
1583 Why the Result of Circular and Linear Convolution is not Sarme ? ...sesssssssessssseisessuseessssesussesnseesnnseeerneeervants
1Q.1.5.7 of Circular and Linear Convolution is not Same ?....scssssssssssssssessssessssssesseseesersssesuaey
Why the Result
1.5.8.4 to obtain Same Result from Linear and Circular Convolution ? .....ssssssssssssssssssssscsssssssssseesseeesssssseeseessnnneeenses
How
UQ, 1.5.8 Explain how linear convolution can be implemented using circular convolution
MED BMRA LORS ONT gcc ccc eccsczeesscecosconccvasencsctersncascosararsosoovsuesesenendiangnvecnancneensorermeomees 1-47
Ren SMNTD BS WMNIED) cs coscccscsesescessceoecsccsancececersaccaccrssccacsrascecsrsssectscsrersesentrorcnarasrauseeearenqeqeteseencures 1-48
= EPO, 2ONG,
STN ee GUOLD = ME DU, WORIMD) 5.0 .ca.crcrrercacicecocssncccsssosransoceressosesaqcaessevessecssnsuccsenersesonccqererectertccecasanseaguenegavcod i

UEX, 1.5.16 (MU - Dec. 2012, 6 Marks) ............0-sscsescsssssesssessessssees seeenosnsvossvonasneeeeneneenenceencenseeerenseronanannenseneennane

1.5.8.5 A ROORVORTION USUI DFT AIG IDET MOWIO p.cctes.crseccssesccosecsssossessossrsvssessscasersssesscosecsesssessssasensecsssisesneriscasetane 1-5

mm TA INNIS = heme OG, @ WARIANR) ceca ccsce cee cen sees cercesnesprsstsenssrsvesnrevesiernessertsssstnnenervnssconeaarananl
UERX. 1.5.21 (MU - Dec, 2010, 10 Marks)........scssccsssssseesssssesessessssssssssrssssssssseessssusssssssssssssessesenessensaseseageeesenaatt
UEX., 1.5.22 (MU - May 2011, 8 Marks).......ccccsscsssssssessrssssesssssstsvessssesusassisstusasssvieassitesssensaserseuanesecasesn
UEx. 1.5.23 (MU - Dec. 2015, May 2017, 10 Marks).
1.6 Time Reversal of SCQUCNCE.........::++sssresserressessesnrerssenee
LQ. 1.6.1 State and prove time reversal property of DFT. ...
1.6.1 Circular Time Shift Of S@QUCNCE........:.sssssecsesssesssesssessssssresseseresnees
LQ. 1.6.2 State and prove circular time shift of sequence using DFT...

1.6.2 Circular Frequency Shiff.........+:.s+sssesssesssssssesssesssssssssssssessressessessecsssesesssscess

LQ. 1.6.3 State and prove circular frequency shifting property of DFT.
- UEX. 1.6.3 (MU - May 2006, 8 Marks)
-UEx. 1.6.4 (MU - May 2006, 8 Marks)
UEx. 1.6.5 (MU - Dec. 2008, 6 Marks)
 Derive Parseval’s energy theorem. Also state
(MU- May 12, § MarkS).......essssssnistnnsenneesien vnc ie
UQ. 1.7.4 State and prove Parseval's theorem (MU- Dec, 13,5 Marks)... Speen wo
Hes

Oopedi ser cee a iatate sessssnees 1°74

meter —UEKATE (MU= Dec, 2016, 5 Meri) ...sesssessarssntssnicesnstin vucresebueti
7 ae Bee ae caetgeseorensanennte=t7? 1-74
UEX. 1.7.6 (IMU - Dec. 2018, 5 Marks)... vishcsvetcoaly ag
© UEK 1.7.7 (MU = Dec. 2011, 10 Mark) .ccsnnnsnene a aa a senna
Sort =
fees seg cd iiattrens me
i of Two SeqUENCES nmnnnrntmnnrinnnn : chee 5 pen
Multiplication
ennmnenest
| _.._ LQ. 1.7.5 State rhultiplication property Of DET. cccsssssessssssssssssssssesseeseessnsnsesatensnncersnann ST
scnscenneensnngannenrnnnngansenenee
(eS eee ie
| 18 Relationship between DFT and Z-TrarsfOrm sesesssvsssssvssssstssesseesesseses
~ UQ.1.8.1 Obtain relationship between Z and DFT (MU - Dec. 13, 4 Marks) ....nesvsrncnnrnnnnnncrnt 1-76
UQ. 1.8.2 State the relationship between DFS, DFT and Z-Transform : 4-76
nnnssenenns
sssseccesssssscceensencnnrconaneestes
(MU - May 15, Dec. 16, May 17, Dec. 17, 5 Maris) ....sscsssssssss
' UEx. 1.8.1 (MU- May 2012, 5 Marks)..Sle Seem RO ee ES conc cpmmarical iy Ste Teak als 1-77
ete ec ccs i Oo tear We
1.9 Filtering of Long Data Sequences: Overlap Save and Overlap and Method
- May 11, 5 Marks)......... 1-77
UQ. 1.9.1 Explain block convolution using overlap add or overlap save method (MU
UQ. 1.9.2 Explain the overlap-add and overlap-save method for filtering of long data sequences
eiaee vette erate reaeaeetascuscvecvoceuosenseerccorseecru nvacrst
steccass c™ 1-77
(MU - May 12, 10 MarkS).............scsssssssersseees Petar
.........0.+ 1-77 :
UQ. 1.9.3 Explain overlap add and overlap save method (MU - Dec. 12, May 13, May 14, 10 Marks).
ceensananasansnnsnesesnsssenseseancnensanaasanssgy 1 -80
UEX. 1.9.1 (MU - May 08, 4 Marks) ...--c-ccccsscsssssssssssssersscsecececceesecerrerececencnnusse
ssunsecssssnasessa uensensceannnsess4s 1-82
1.10 ~ Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) ...ssssscsssssssssesssssssssssssssnsssssseescssescecansensesssceesssceseesssessusuusscesss
sescsssusesssesesanusecsnecnsassssasenssenecsnseananensnss 1-83
4.11 — Pradixn-2 FFT Algorithm ...-.ssssssssecssssssssssseeecesssssnssssecenssonsnsnuensecesnngnenneasessensuss
seeessnnnunssesecannansseeensnvaensanessanans 1-83
1.11.1 Properties of Twiddle Factor .......cessvessssssssesessseuussssnessseenutunnnanseenneseteesssensanisssssssecce
oh, UQ. 1.11.1 Write short note on properties of twiddle factor (MU - May 10, Dec. 10, 5 Marks)................:ssssseseee 1-83
eeie
Same Badix-2 Decimation In Time (DIT) Algorithm (DIT FIFT).....s2+-:ssseccssscsssesssssesasesesesssesseseseseussnecssesssanseuseveeseneenesunne 1-84
UQ. 1.12.1 Develop DIT FFT algorithm for decomposing DFT for N = 8 and draw the flow graph
esnsteaeressasee
ABAUI = DOC: OG; 10) MEIKS) -cccecescenctsscscessecossssossscocsceseeeseeesrecencecsceuttteatesrosssssesseei en 1-84 |
UQ. 1.12.2 Develop a radix-2 DIT-FFT algorithm (MU - Dec. 12, 5 Marks)............sccssssssssssssssssssssssesssssssessecseocece 1-84
sssnszerarsasanannennesesessaes 1-93
UEx. 1.12.2 (MU- May 2012, 10 MATHS) .n..-socrensrerrsressnneesnssernsrereetscvnsssscnnseceensunsseteceeestae
UEx. 1.12.3 (MU - May 2018, 10 MarkS).....cc.c----sssssssssssssessssvssssssssensecseesssie ese secqeer Ee
sseersessssaneeeeser
WEX. 1.12.5 (MU - May 2004, 14 Mark) -crerrnrcnerernernrnnnsnintnsesiertnneetrntissistintirtianacauasen 1-100
estar sses
1.12.6 (MU- May 2006, 8 Marks) .......+++ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssseeeesssssssdtesevesss oilen asc svsednneielentabeseceel 1S
7
15 encereneeee Where Authors inspit innovation
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Bea Computation of Inverse DFT FI) Sing) Fetele Alor

ith secs: <.....NTTND Be tons 9nd oecet eae -cecetcencrrecaeer ae 1-118
eieeLa. 1.14.1 Draw the flow graph to calculate IDFT USIME | RIPAIGOFIREITIS ic ielcs Seiten scsecesteestervesssotsicte
setesc 1-118 ‘
Bertee MUPIMRy 2008; A Mark) ieee tac fel lenlcussensanicere
coil a
eee (EU May 2076, 10 Marke) ce oe A Se
___UEx. 1.14.4 (MU - Dec. 2016, Dec. 2017, 10 INES) eet tee ee enc cstv sesacassnesesaeessesscs cee 1-125
; 1 15 Introduction to Composite FFT.................
noc csscscscosteressrstoscrcesatereer 1-127
i LQ. 1.15.1 What do you mean BYsCOPM OS te EM? cree se sree ccc v ease scnacsscaccagnagasegeedesnssaseeenceeosecececenecess
ieeesersises kom 1-127
1.15.1 Radix-3 FFT a
ec ceecgpesssmrtjetrpovenccnerereneeavesccccccecten.., 1-128
UEx. 1.15.2 (MU- Dec. ZO1e May 2011, Dec. 2011, May, 2013, 10 Marks) ..........
.....ccccescssessssessassssesecsssceseceeseee 1-133
1.15.2 Radix-4 FFT SON ae ieee RO NE WA AE T etl 1-138
a, 1. 15.2 HEE BET SL 301 eters
acters aetna re eee a ee a 1-138 ae
1.16 eomnadseh of Computational Complexity with
Direct COIN Dta NOtemreme rR ee cess errcccirte
sciocercre en.ice 1-140
: é UQ. 1.16.1 Write short note on comparison of comput
ational complexity of DFT and FFT
. 00 OMS) ee renee ee ee SO Se 1-140
; UQ. 1.16.2 Explain the speed of improvernent i in calcula
ting the DFT using FFT (MU- May 18, 5
Marks)........ 1-140
1.17 In-place Computation to Reduce Memory
SM as ec a acetate -dainceccaruc.. 1-142
LQ. 1.17.1 Write a short note on in place computation.
iaseecesconethtitrascrecenecnssrarteerenuts-eist
ss Se.aceetiaa Ree eg ae 1-142
UEx. 1.17.1 (MU- Dec. 2006, Dec. 2010,
Dec. BE EMAINE) rst nciiectsoninn sci A 1 1-142
UEx. 1.17.2 (MU - May 2011, May 2013, 5 Marks)
 pes of !IR Filters (Low Pass, High Pass, Band Pass, Band stop and All Pass) Analogfiter approximations:
Butterworth, Chebyshev| and Il
Mapping of S-plane to Z-plane, impulse invariance method, bilinear transformation fehod Design of IIR digital fitters
_ from analog filters with examples :
_ Analog and digital frequency transformations with design Reise

24 MiVBOSIOF UU c..ccscsscctcvescoceascecersesocossséyscuseuttstens Peniiieicssscilsnttsesecececsssccsson

tence ovecocecceceeesececeseseeecetagr aan
2.1.1 Ideal Filter Characteristics
LQ. 2.1.1 What are the characteristics of ideal filter ?
2.1.2 Solved Problems on Frequency Selective Filters.........cccsssecsssssssssssnesssssescssssssssseersessssssensessesssesansccssessecsucansenveceessesen 2.0 |
——UEK. 2.1.1 (MU - May 2004, 10 Mark8)....cscssnssesson oa veenctssnsisnenee 22
UEx. 2.1.3 (MU - May 2013, May 2014, 5 Marks, May 2015, Dec. 2015, 3 Marks).... |
Riese ANAND Dior. 2013; 5 IBMKE) tee ai orsce cece reer eecteceererertereeretcerereererierrec
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ONG c er sceretestsatar tarteeccracccrstatecesnsariscecas
seen atscosessoccesscorssestaaccéovecsssucesnsssvessasenseiet saset eee 2-5
LQ. 2.3.1 Explain analog filter approximation technique. .....snsnustnenininetnetetiineteteeetenenennt 25
2.3.1 Butterworth Filter
2.3.2 Chebyshev Filter ;
caer nisrtastansdienrninrnenntinenninriunniaenncsasnncedllll .
PAM IAL SONOS CHATACIONISIICE -cecateserncnsssecccccessnnsssccssecconscccronnnszvsssecetsennnssseussacecaiarsecsseceasnseessensesanauissarsessigetett
eet 26
UQ. 2.4.1 Differentiate between Butterworth and Chebyshev filters.
(MU - Dec. 16, May 17, Dec. 17, May 18, 5 Marks).........c..ccccsssseccssssssseccccoesccssceccceceessesecsssensunessutete
25 Design of IIR Digital Filters from Analog Filters with Design Examples
2.6 Impulse Invariant Method
: LQ. 2.6.1 Derive expression for transformation of analog poles to digital using impulse invariance method.

2.6.1 Relationship of s-plane to Z-plane (Mapping between s-plane and Z-plane)..eecssssesssavsssssesseseessssnsentsstt

UQ. 2.6.2 Write short note on mapping between s-plane and Z-plane, (MU- May 14, 6 Marts) ...s.ccsssesessnt
UQ. 2.6.3 Justify: In impulse invariance transformation method there i is many to one mapping of poles from
'_ s-plane to goles, (MU- Dec. 15, Dec. 18, 5 Marks)
LQ. 2.6.4 eoeravaccencsnccocacsescvesecaceecdeccceccceecteccottstttiTiaaa
TAN Otte euseensareseyennceseuarcnsenaeseaeunensansseeseene,

2-A
 10 265 ssescussssneee a
.sssssss
{ roquency Warping CONCEPL...
ing effect in dee
Explain frequency warps) fter using BLT method = ‘ n
1419, 2.66. nan ana
ya.® (MU- Dee. 16, 5 Mark satnnescnannssct
sv
ct a
lain frequency wrapping g effe i in cdea
si r
gn ineg IR filte re ae
18 ,‘
(MU -May 15, May 17, Dec.
yo. 2.6.7 Be
ss?
). var
y ping inIIR filter (MU- Dec. 18, sat
ya. 2.6.8 Explain frequenc wrap
prewarping Procedure
inear transform ti method ? Why it is required.
F 265
yo. 2.2.6.9 Whatis frequency prewarping in bil ation
s)
(MU- May 18, 5 Mark

Advanta
ges of Bilinear Transformation Method
266 U- Dec. 17, 5 Marks)
r yo. 2.6.10 Explain advantages of BLT over lIM method 9 (M
scsssssesssssssecccrssssersn ncerteassensensstet SNe e
leis datecae
“7 pisadvantage of Bilinear Transformation Method ........ssse e
es Crsrrentivien eer
ariance and Bilinear Transformation Method Pa
“968 Comparison between Impulse Inv an
......
ance and BLT.(MU- Dec. 18, 5 Marks)... a
: ya.2.6.11 Compare impulse invari c-
n
Tyga sos Examples 7 BLT nn
6, 10 Marks)
UEx. 2.6.10 (MU- Dec. 201
proximation
07 Designing using Butterworth Ap
worth Approximation
971 Solved Examples on Butter
ssesccecnnnnesserersenns
10 Marks).........ssssesecccccs ;
UEx. 2.7.4 (MU- May 2018,
UEX. 2.7.10 (MU - Dec. 201
6, 10 Marks) =
...
UEx. 27.11 (MU - Dec. 2015, Dec. 2017, 10 Marks) nrsnnsnarainnnnansnsn
,
i
Ex. 27.12 (MU = May 2016, 10 Mark) .cnnns 7
roximation
Designing using Chebyshev App
Ph
28
roximation povevccnscpanccancuscoen asses
“281 Solved Problems on Chebyshev App
Filter and Chebyshev Filter
282 Comparison between Butterworth 5 Marks)
1 Com par e But ter wor th and Chebyshev filters. (MU- May 16,
UQ. 2.8.
#9 ‘Frequency Transformations
Write short note on Frequency IF
UQ: 2.9.1
ain
Frequency Transformation in Analog Dom
ennnnssnnneett
in Digital Domain -ssssssecesssocens
Frequency Transformation
quency Transformation
Solved Problems using Fre
_ Chapter Ends...
 colt aM snioall wil

Filters
aracteristics of FIR digital filters, Minimum Phase, Maximum Phase, Mixed Phase and Linear Phase
_ Frequency response, location of the zeros of linear phase FIR filters
Design of FIR filters using window techniques (Rectangular, Hamming, Hanning, Blackmann, Barlet)
filters
Design of FIR filters using Frequency Sampling technique Comparison of lIR and FIR

3.1 Concepts of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filter ..sc.cssssssseesessssssseesnsssseenneeetnensvereaascersnnerranessaneensiceaeeity

3.1.1 FIR Filters are Inherently Stable A lanNoen io Pe ee rerecraesecosenadeecPosscks Wri aeons scccereaaeercnaaaaaas

LQ.3.1.1 Explain FIR filters are inherently stable. re

CS Ss ssasags
meeseetsrleteet et{
aie BIMIGMETAICIRASO) INOTS cc -ccccserceceszceccrcetescnecccneattertrtettinteer:itecescensceoszacanoracnsaceesosarcecsreccccncetoscrent
15, 4 Marks).......... 3-1
UQ. 3.1.2 Explain the term linear phase and state its importance in digital filters (MU - May
tne 3-2
3.1.3 Constant Group and Phase Delay..esss...sssssssssssssssesssessseessssssssssessssesceeceenecnnssseeeenggesnnnssscceconssssceceassscennasnateey
3-2
UQ. 3.1.3 Explain the term linear phase and state its importance in digital filters (MU - May 15, 4 Marks)..........
ge teteatatsssts 3-2
3.2 Magnitude Specifications ...........sccssssseeetscccsssnsnsesseseeescessnsnsnssncssussseeseccoennnnassssecenguauaaasanasuussanenennssssensasesenn
tee 3-3
g21 General Filter Coefficient Equation .....sssssssssssssssssssssssesessssssussnssnsnsansenanscecrsegnentscsereneaececenecesorannnanensaseseeeeessosanassssann
nanassnnsaes 3-3
3.3 Minimum, Maximum and Mixed Phase Systems..........ccssssssssssssssessseesccnsenssnessceeetensessenrannssceensasscnsesssennaunscen
3-3
LQ. 3.3.1 Define (i) Minimum (ii) Maximum (iii) Mixed phase SyStem. ........s.-sscccsecsessesesecnestseessseeeeneeteneneeceneanesceness
ssssssssss
3.3.1 Solved Examples on SyStems.....scscssssecsssesssssececeesceesesssussuunnnnnsnssennnnecheceatennsssssacececceeeneceesonnanauinssssceenanesnnnassssan
UEx. 3.3.3 (MU - May 2008, 7 Marks)
UEx. 3.3.4 (MU - May 2013, May 2015, 4 Marks, Dec. 2015, 10 Marks)
UEx. 3.3.5 (MU - Dec. 2013, 5 Marks) ..nnnnnennnnnnnnnininnninninnnnnnnnnnnninniinnennnnnns
sn 3-7
3.4 Frequency Response of Linear Phase FIR Filter ........sssssssssssssssssseseeeccessssccesssssssnssssssnnsessnsassessssssceececeeeeeeessisnant 3-8
LQ. 3.4.1 Prove that FIR filters are linear phase filters. ..........s.sssssssesssessssesssecsssecsescsssssesssessecsssesueesesensessceeneessueeets 3-8
3.4.1 ee l 3-10
Solved Examples on Frequency Response Of Filter ......ccsscssssssssessssisstsisssessaseessss sevinensediqeereesia
3.5 PARE per Pease FURY FIMGSS oscscsceevisecccesnsseecessnsenssessnesnecitsasnpvnrtnsoereseesnssaouvvignneuntenessnmnnntace 3-14
cal PETOSOCCUMALTRECIDIOCAl LOCATIONS ....-2c0csecrssecsssesssszssssessvosessssssesessessonecnesssveccssvsestansesnerssscrscansenseccsscsseczeceneensesttaetl 3-14
LQ. 3.5.1 rcaceen ieee iross 3-14
Prove that zeros of FIR filters occur at reciprocal locations. Scnanrsueretivanrbsaretvinctsc

3-A
 ya. 3.6.1 Write design steps of FIR filter en . oy i ennai eerieac
wind
of Rectangular Wi my one we ‘Dec. 18, 5 Marks)....
esc Response
| sragnitude ve. indow......

10 3.7.1 State and explain types

2 i; a' stare of of window
- ing aeu
e USS.
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5 Compare dierent vicki sen, r
s 3-23
yo. 37.ei parea
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16, Dec. 18, 10 MarkS)....ccccsecsssscsscecseeceereeseeenenssenees 3-23
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ee

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short note on : Gibb’s phenomenon (MU - May

16, May 18, Dec. 18, 16 Marks) .....-----s-0+- Ce
—" ” a a
Advantages and Disadvantages of Window Method.
a
a

10.3.9 le advantages and disadvantages of window Method, ..........sssssssssssssscersvssessesssesetnss 3-26

ceenecenssnsnnsreses®
Design Steps for FIR Filter .........ssssssssstsssssessses
i seesesense |
Write down design steps for FIR filter using window technique s. Compare windows
UQ, 3.9.2
(MU = May 16, 10 Marks) .........sssssssessvsssssescinnssecnsssssemnesesescnsseeris
rnssteinise: Fete
2 Solved Examples on Windowing Method ....s..s.-ssssssssseusse
......scsscssseessessseessseess Peeret escsnronererr cscasscaet
UEx. 3.9.2 (MU - Dec. 2017, 10 Mark)
2017, 10 Marks)
UEx. 3.9.11 (MU - May 2015, Dec.
s)
UEx. 3.9.12 (MU - Dec. 2015, 10 Mark
Dec. 2018, 10 Marks)
UEx. 3.9.13 (MU - May 2018,
When Type of Wi indow is Not Mentioned
Solved Exam ples on FIR Desig ning
sesn erersnnrnnenn
pling Method......ssssenrsssssennrnrerreen
R Fil ter s us in g Frequency Sam :
Design of Linear Phase FI
FIR filter
freq uenc y $ amp lin g method of designing
UQ. 3.10.1 Explain nenne eenensss 3-44
nessnesse
renss
) csssssssesssscsessessssssesscsescen
2018, Dec. 2018, 10 IMAI
(MU - Dec. 2015, May
i eereptaseereco smart acasaeear ties aad 3-45
Sampling Method
I
I eaneaernaaseeatsee
on Frequency
Solved Examples 3-45

ers
Comparison between IIR and FIR Filt
(MU-
YQ. 3.11.1 Compare IIR and FIR Filters
 on error, P oduct
Quantization, truncation and rounding, Effects due to truncation and rounding, Input quantizati
quantization error, Co-efficient quantization error, Zero input limit cycle oscillations, Overflow limit cycle oscillations,
Scaling
‘Quantization in Floating Point realization of IIR digital filters Finite word length effects in FIR digital filters

41 Quantization Process and Errors are oe a Rete Se Nay geeseariasensoeit roam “1

UQ. 4.1.1 Explain Quantization and effects of truncation and rounding. (MU -- May 16,5 Marks) caseeeet eee 4-4

4.1.1 20 206
sss eeeee ttcnnccasseceensn
Quantization of Sinusoidal Signals ....-........-...ccossessssnsecsseccnseceneserssonsersncedec sseen 4-2

LQ. 4.1.2 etree seen

Explain quantization of sinusoidal Signals. .......-.-----s:sssecseseessesececencenernecn e ee eases
eerenesesees 4-2

sscageseete anes 4-3

4.1.2 Quantization Effects in the Computation of DFT... sovsennenaenune eae

UQ. 4.1.3 Explain quantization effects in the computation at DFT. (MU - May 18, Dec. 18, 5 Marks). was 4 4-3

4.2 Analysis of Coefficient Quantization ifs eee eee reco cssvondsacge Potash svesaserserecausaseiel ee 43
4-3
4.2.1 Coefficient Quantization ENTOF ....c.ssccsssesssssssscsssssscsseessssssssnsscsosssssssssacsssscsssessenensnenssnsseceessceeasssessansoussasaecseneneacasesnectscs

LQ. 4.2.1 What is coefficient quantization error and how to minimize this OrrOr ? ..........-essseseecsessecneeennearssusenananess 4-3

42.2 Quantization in Floating Point Fcalizaiior OF UR Digital FIMOMS:..5.:....ccssesessecsvecvasssosesscsassrsessececsenteesmttnentneea eee 4-4

LQ. 4.2.2 Write short note on Quantization in Floating Point Realization of IIR Digital Fiters snaseeseseaeenasaateeemeeataS 4-4

43 to eRe
IAI CONVEIEION NOISO ANALYSIS. .....ssecs1-+0cscscssesssescserasesnescavatosssssconsssascnseleasneeteseecseqayesesaestscastecs sédseroet 4-4

, DNAS Aime Explain ADC NOISOVANANVSIS.ccrcecarressercgecrcetennterensrccsecstecreacerarsnsuccsserqssaztscessseraeeretssers nn 4-4

44 Analysis of Arithmetic Round-Off Errors s.sssesssssscessssseeesssseeeessssseesvsssnnseescusssseeceessanansnsnseececcecccuesssnsnaceceqqunegessett 4-5

4.4.1 — Dynamic Range Scaling .......sssssvsssssesssssseessansssssnnensssssessnssnnssessessosunssssssnsseceesseecceceeseececessesceeeenessnnnunnnntestntte 4-5

EQ AA1) Write Short MOLE ON!SCAIING, .-.0-.-eccssssecessssosecssessssssosssesensasscnssscesssesseressasnevaca

enesagsrorasaceeeet 4-5

4.4.2. Roundoff Errors in Digital FIR i aan vanes 46

LQ. 4.4.2 Explain roundoff errors in FIP filters. ......sssssssssssosesssessssssssssssssssssesccsccssessesesenansanszssasesesccccesccccessnecaene nm 46

4-A
 1. Write short note on signal scaling. maneyece seenairy ess: tn
10. 4S.
e ‘48 oe

jnd-order 1F Filter. sctsssiccrsssenesessssoes seb ’ eines aeee

eis dana ie
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sensitivity Digital Filters ..nnnsninnnn ae

q
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pesessoenseee
49
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49
gestation of Product Round-off Errors .....sesses
oe Bicros oa ee 49
s 2. ae
0 4.6.2. How to reduce the product roundoff error

te FE rs ae
: .
em ? aeor
What is meant by limit cycle itin IIR syst 4-10
JQ, 4.6.3
en ghee aa ee
(MU - May 15, Dec. 15, May 16, 3 M&FK8)...rocumanew
e} dveceas 4-10
t note on limit cycle oscil latio ns. (MU - Dec. 16, May: 17, Dec. 17, Dec. 18, 5 sar
me 6.4 Write shor
snnann tesnnreinin T Peco 4-11
nen
Lergth Effect. ..nssnmssnmsnns
Solved ‘Problems on Finite Word
ne erate teener connec 4-16
k) ..csscsscessssses
ven 7.8 (MU - Dec. 2015 10 Mar 4-17
g Sc ey,
I qu Hay 2015, 10 Marka) nsec 4-18
Boho ee
Mario). vrs mtrrnrananrnr ea
UEx. 4.7.12 (MU May 201 6, 100 4-20
ae
eS a
 Block Diagram of Decimator and Interpolator, Decimation and |
l roach to Sampling rate converters.
Sample rate conversion using Polyphase filter structure, ;
Type | and Type II Polyphase Decomposition.

| ee a ae 5-1
LQ. 5.1.1 What is multirate signalprocessing 2 Why and where it is needed 2 .assssssscsssssssesseeseetsssssnensuesssnneneeee a
LQ. 5.1.2 Explain, the need of change in sampling rate of the signals in a digital signal processing system........ 5-1

LQ. 5.1.3 What is sampling rate Conversion 2...-cccccsscssssscsssescssssssesssssssssessssssscesseececeeee Bee ieeaetee tase tee csnesteg ene rnc 5-1

LQ.5.1.4 Name two methods of sampling rate conversion with advantages and imitations, Reeve sssete thc baeierecooes 5-1

LQ.5.1.5 Explain the need for multistage design, .....ss.ssssssssssssssssscssssssssssescocsnsssnsessessnsesesersuecerssucssssusssassesssecnsseesee 5-1

Decimation: by Factor {D’........-2:sesesesecssecesssassbe

Scere eeaCE ssascasstssa
totter ete ne teen
rvosivveiit Nanedtpocerttetets 5-1

LQ. 5.2.1 Explain decimation by factor ‘D’. Write expression for decimated signal at the output. ............:c:cscee 5-1

LQ. 5.2.2 What do you mean by decimation ? Give the input-output relationship for the decimation process......5-2

LQ. 5.2.3 What is the principle of downsampling ? What is the importance of antialiasing filter ? Derive the
expression for decimated output Signal 1.0, y(IM)...:c...-ssssesessecsssesesscossssesssccsssesssessrseacerecreseccsscececceeseeseee 5-2

LQ.5.2.4 Draw the block schematic for decimator and explain the need for a filter. Derive the expression for
decimated output signal i.e. y(m) and draw the spectrum of the signal after filtering and after decimation
PIOCOSS es ccvensasoserssssssssseaseersessssotssusuatsusacsstarsi
eet aeerttasceceatucenecri
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5.2.1 Spectrum of Decimiated Signal .renccreseersosssseearessenyoosziaanessssser

eich 0 baeeeent 5-2
LQ.5.2.5 Prove that the spectrum of a downsampled signal is a sum of M uniformaly shifted and stretched
versions of spectrum of I/P signal by a factor 1/M

62.2
La. 5.2.6 What is the need of antialiasing filter prior to downsampling a signal ?

5-A
 pvesesoreeusasnseraca®
penerspsvesonnnscsner®
p ai x «5A. i Design of Sampling Rate Converters AREER UH RDOCE EEL ECCOU SOIT

ccyssdenesssaqsenersscnsenveensereneetee® 5-9
...sevsss-vsnssnneersneen setenv
«65S Solved Examples on Multirate Sampling
e 5-15
rerer
reser ceneereecrei
e Impl emen tati on of Filte rs ..... sssss suess esssc esnsesnseenn
5.6 Polyphas
con poly phas e filte rs ee cc a dt rerecrrtercectare 5-15
artcreersu
Delt sts7 Woit e'a riote
riccsansencnensnersrsee “eeeeee 5-16
~

87 ssesssmursusssesesesereesesseee Per Bre Fi

Polyphase Decomposition ......ss-sessssccsssssss
5-16
LQ.5.7.1 Draw and explain polyphase interpolator (assume | = or
filter
rate conversion by using polyphase i.
LQ. 5.7.2 Explain with the help of suitable example the sampling
acter reese ceeccesncrserststtno Ne wcorencen
PATIL ee
ee
eee reenanne
nnsernnencnnessa resne Regie. ccakcctactesencnetsece= 5-17
Chapter Ends -.ssscscoscssssnscscesissnensrssvecsonnsnsnesbis

ee an
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SiN Polis —— Mor dato inp
 labus: DS P processor,
:
i R point
ction to General Purpose and Special Purpose DSP processors, fixed point cee d ane” floating ator (MAC),

archit ecture for signal rd Architecture, Pipelining, mulipler

processing, y,HarvaExten and acourtl
Compu ter
Special Instructions, Replication, On-chip memor ded Parallelism. ; ;

digital signal processors, Special purpose sian

_| General purpose digital signal processors, Selecting h Processing.
| Applications of DSP: Radar Signal Processing and Speec
e e
sirt iC rSe es
pos e and Sae dal Pup oss |DE P Fie des sore tee
BON te enor Pur ae -
LQ. 6.1.1 What are the advantages of DSP? ... :.ssennssnnnri en3
bac ake ee ee eee
Pe aS rater Reams Eoin Dap Hitec, .g essor. ........--- ene
by DSP proc
LQ. 6.2.1 Explain the data form ats used
urs r"art
nnwerrevnT ef
Point lenplemelann
BEF Comparison between Fixed Poin| and Floatingpoint iinplemnenitntlored
ctl cnctlee il leit
a =
LQ. 6.2.2 Com pare fixed point and floating 6-2
cen Pie d Paw tan ino dingPan?,<ce ere
Pe t . doc Ssb aii er STE 6-3
pui ey Arc hia clt re for ign al Pro ces dig <a .0 tans Meeetter notre
6.3 Pen sessnnerrsssressens
ersseeceecestss TT tee 6-3 vssss
al PFOCESSING.
LQ. 6.3.1 Draw and explain computed architecture of sign ee 6-3
oat ee eee te eee
PM SamanniArchiochad ast ae oan 6-3
cae ala eee eee
PUTO, neice em 6-3
ee sere ee ee
era Beep aes Sete eee cacao shen cena ep est sn sescceesseeaeatcanaeey 6-3
6.3.1.3 Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)... e
sT e ee ae 6-4
era
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ranaten gn
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sss ses sse ree sse sscsnsonseccnneesenss ee nanann IS 6-4
tte nun
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6.3.1.6 Key Features of a Von Neumann Machin i aaa 6-4
re reg ceerencc cca coecasersecntcrsrcsceorsen ecco nccic eee7°
++
Detailed Structure of the CPU............. I ananaeeentsn
6.3.1.7 ernaanvegnnresestregneeneecnerepeces
evnr instennegner TTT 6-5
PSG Heap cid CIMA cee cencescneeneetneeccneoseeevnrpee ae 6-6
mS am
SST > so saree cect (exe
- May 16, Dec. 16, 5 Marks) .............-.0100 6-6
6.4
UQ. 6.4.1 Explain the concept of pipelining in DSP processor. (MU sssssancanaunscaannanasaccrnasstes
sssssnncsnnnsnnnnccccnccencceencecnncransseersnnss vee 66
6.5 Multiplier and Accumulator (MAC) sssssscssssssssnsvsn esees ssnss enese nenne eracc ertas eanna nnnan nannansannannnangnenenengentt 6-6
seeernsees
LQ: 6.5.1 Write short notes on MAC unit......soccsssesnseses cerounerenenrnenirnrnegaevnennranenevnesnstsneeu eee eee
nneseee 6-6
sve tst nen ssn nsv ene ner ere sen sne
6.6 Special Instructions -crcnssce ....sseessssessssssessnssssenuunssnsssenicsnsssencnnsseneaccrecceccereenennensennsenettt 6-6
ions. ces
LQ. 6.6.1 Write short note on spacial instruct tcnentestonnennegeeueeenenmnsnnecnrceanneennegnnesbnnecesoareegeereetaae
staae 6-7
scns ntsn esat nnrn
6.7 FROPUCARION ossnneesnesessnssernnsnecnrn
LQ. 6.7.1 Write short note on : Replication fe ek Aer nssseseessate ete ace ni enadhteteacieieep srr
sssnannaan enecenssensunsiesscenanesensnniensey
svnasssanssnassnassa ectcdin 6-8
6.8 On Chip Memory ........-:sssssssesssssssssecsssess
BP halo boil nate on 2 OF. chUD MENON. yes armraneovrtionivni
r ascent 6-8
tensssenssaeess a a
6.9 Extended Parallelise ......svssssssscsssssseseseesssnsse ism. ..raeacnnoiseitsusinemnaiannennenitaaaanllil G8
ta, B.241._ Wrke bhiort note on : Extended parallel ellll eA
BT ipa Mecroechitactive andlInat TUCO enero ra ney min ennininnisinniammneaeeaannndan
m
errrr ommnansininnanrneconnnng anne ey
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AS eri isi coan eta (UU. Nay 18; bday 17, uy 18, Desc i@, 10 uaa 6-

Nee"g.10.1eDra
ewarec blockediagram
eee o
itsotural of DSP processor dnd eestsoveccsanvenneasentenansateceasscnscensasanes deneae 6-1i
a hal an onele
La. 6 processor and explain function of each DIOCK. seceecseecsecssee 6-10
6-A
 .esseen : ace S.
program GequeNCES ........
program sequences?
ia. 6.11.4 What is function of , - :
Memory puncepeeeuuueeeensesens

InP santies eee :

M46 ting Digit al Sign al Proc esso rs
b : selec ; s a r e
1a. 6.12.1 Explain selection criteria’s DSP processor...
Purpose DSP Hardware
epecil for selectaing
Pe nenecseeenns
Sense entnnesseeeane An Aneerenenuncnereusenaeten:

LQ. 6.13.1 Write short note on

ee ec 6-13
a
Beta FIR PINGIS nn o-narercen dtc RG eae oe O14
R pale dakecenat a ar cae
he s........
Hardware IIR Filter es i 615
3 Hardware FFT Processor... peal ree 6-15
ea
Apptnn srsesennnniernnnnnnne p
on: tnns
note ensn
65
nrstssts
r .wershor
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Modern

(WO Dec ay T-Dee Mareen

Pat Major blocks of Modern Radar System
gid? Detection of Signals naneneennentss seeee
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e
..ssscscscccssssssssereeeessecsnnseetren
Speech Coding and Compression ........ ‘
515 #8
Te cee eerste e17.
on of DSP in speech processin g.
YQ.6.15.1 Write short note on : Applicati rks)....nrn:nnn be
(MU - Dec. 16, May 17, Dec. 17, 10 ecceeMaceoenneens
~
. esseessees
615.1 Acoustic Features Of SPECCH ...eerssssssesssssss
CH) eaeceseeererssnnesenseeneeenee
{2 Speech Synthesis (Computer Created SPOO eecenseecanssennnncenaneansereeesss
Methods for Speech Synthesis ...:..-sssss sesass
15.3
ecesrnnssetseseennten
15.4 Speech RECOGNILION ....ssssszecosssss
nnnngnncnnnservergnnengnnneeesornssy
B16 Voice Response GYSLOMIS «assssnccsensnouanee ..
10.6.16.1 schematic of voice response systems.
Draw and explain block
|
esrrrnsnsenearnmnnrmerse
E17 _AllDigital Voice Response SySterm .....-.s em. ..
syst
LQ. 6.17.1 Explain all digital voice response
#18 Multiline Digital Voice Response System entnennneneneenen rnenee e nen 6-21
response SYStErM.v.vnn-nvensen
«LG, 6.18.1 Explain multiline digital voice cecean sscecn nnannn anesnanans 6-21
n Equipment .esssssssccscsessessseessssencseneecennnsnnnnsse
M19 Voice Response System for Wiring Communicatio sssecenensennentesensass 6-21
ain voice resp onse syst em for wirin g communication quipMentt, ........serrrsssrsisssos
'1L0Q.6.19.1 Expl
820 Speakers Recognition Systems
sssnssanecanecenccnccenscnnnann 6-22
LQ. 6.20.1 Write note on : Speakers recognition SYStOMS. ....-sssssseesssresssseesnnseesinasseenrsssn
M21 Subband Coding of Speech Gi grnal -..esorsscsevenecsensseesernsnennrnustess HOA es Sb tys vancha ttaes fee ea unr dVacessueteengraneecateresssceumeaattes 6-22
- Dec. 16, Dec. 18, 7 Marks)...
, UQ. 6.21.1 Write short note on : Subband coding (MU
ae cata a tr ea
= Voice Coders (Vovodlare) i dst rr
Se re
LQ. 6.22.1 Write short note on Vocoders.
el) ...s-sssrssesssrssstsseresnsa mnernerseanennrt
e! Voice Model (Speech Modsveee rensnrsnsersesnnrten nenar nenssserssenees
= WOICG EMCOGEL.....e.cousocneess cesne
29 Voice Decoder s.vievsrsnsnerrnrsrneneen
rmnrsrnvernnnnrnnr rnnesneerrieiin
B Biomedical Applications of DSP .vvrrvrrn bed
1 Fetal ECG Monitoring esthes ia.
based Closed Loop Controlled Ana
DSP
tion
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