Name Date

LESSON

2.5 Review for Mastery

Lesson 2.5

For use with pages 90–95

GOAL Solve equations using addition or subtraction.

VOCABULARY
Inverse operations are two operations that undo each other, such as
addition and subtraction.
Equivalent equations are equations that have the same solution(s).

EXAMPLE 1 Solving an Equation Using Subtraction

Solve m  12  7.
m  12  7 Write original equation.
m  12  12  7  12 Subtract 12 from each side.
m  5 Simplify.
Answer: The solution is 5.
✓ Check m  12  7 Write original equation.
5  12  7 Substitute 5 for m.
77 ✓ Solution checks.

EXAMPLE 2 Solving an Equation Using Addition

Solve 2  x  9.
2  x  9 Write original equation.
2  9  x  9  9 Add 9 to each side.
7x Simplify.
Answer: The solution is 7.

Exercises for Examples 1 and 2

Solve the equation. Check your solution.
1. 7  k  42 2. 21  y  14 3. m  9  13
4. 3  n  7 5. j  13  2 6. 1  x  5
7. f  11  2 8. y  12  8 9. z  5  7
10. x  1  0 11. k  2  15 12. j  17  13

98 Pre-Algebra Copyright © Holt McDougal.

Chapter 2 Resource Book All rights reserved.
 Name Date
LESSON

2.5 Review for Mastery

Lesson 2.5
Continued For use with pages 90–95

EXAMPLE 3 Writing and Solving an Equation

You are traveling to Louisville, Kentucky. You have already traveled 122 miles,
and you just passed a road sign that said Louisville is 76 miles away. How far is
Louisville from the start of your trip?
Solution
Let d represent the distance from the start of your trip to Louisville. Write a
verbal model. Then use the verbal model to write an equation.

Distance from the Distance Remaining

start to Louisville  traveled  distance
d  122  76 Substitute.
d  122  122  76  122 Add 122 to each side.
d  198 Simplify.
Answer: Louisville is 198 miles from the start of your trip.

Exercises for Example 3

13. You have $37 left after shopping. You started with $85. How much money
did you spend?
14. You are in a 50-kilometer bike race. You have to bike 21 kilometers until
you reach the finish line. How far have you already biked?

Copyright © Holt McDougal. Pre-Algebra 99

All rights reserved. Chapter 2 Resource Book
 Lesson 2.4 continued
Answers

Challenge Practice Review for Mastery

1. 10 2. 56 3. 33 4. 15 5. 2.5 lb 1. 35 2. 7 3. 4 4. 10 5. 15 6. 6
6. 4  x  10; 14
120
7.   30; 4 7. 13 8. 4 9. 2 10. 1 11. 13
r
12. 30 13. $48 14. 29 km
8. 8; 2x must be equal to 16 because
16  3  13 and 2 p 8  16. Challenge Practice
x
9. 4;  must be equal to 1 because 1  2  3 1. 573 2. –293 3. 15 4. 2 5. 5 in.
4
4
and   1. 6. 5 cm 7. $15 8. 1.5 h; 6:00 P.M.
4
9. x  7  46
Lesson 2.5
Lesson 2.6
Practice A Practice A
1. 2 2. 2 3. 11 4. 3 5. 10
1. Divide both sides by 5: 5k  75
6. 16 7. 12 8. 15 9. 14 10. 21 5k 75
  
11. 16 12. 15 13. 40 14. 14 15. 27 5 5
16. p  40  100; $140 k  15
17. p  310  5614; 5304 people 18. 0 2. 7 3. 11 4. 2 5. 8 6. 4 7. 5

19. 8 20. 5 21. 12 22. 4 23. 19 8. 56 9. 66 10. 108 11. 65 12. 240

24. 47  x  18  15; 14 in. 13. 57 14. 7 15. 4 16. 18

t
25. 40  8  15  x; 17 cm 17. 18  ; 288 points 18. a. 24  12t;
16
Practice B 2 minutes b. 50  10t; 5 minutes
19. 4 hours 20. 9 ft
1. 12 2. 17 3. 8 4. 8 5. 29
6. 19 7. 17 8. 25 9. 42 10. 2 11. 7 Practice B
12. 41 13. 3 14. 36 15. 25 1. 14 2. 19 3. 22 4. 8 5. 6 6. 40
16. a  3  15; 18 years old 7. 99 8. 160 9. 704 10. 294
17. p  0.8  1.7; $2.50 11. 180 12. 324 13. 7 14. 9 15. 84
18. 160  p  23; 137 players 19. 6 20. 0 16. 64  4t; 16 teams 17. about 2.7 hours
21. 9 22. 16 23. 9 24. 25 25. 29 in. 18. 33 miles per gallon
26. 7 cm 27. 16 ft 19. a. A  9x b. 12 inches
28. a. 120,000 gallons b. 74 days
Practice C
Practice C 1. 22 2. 12 3. 81 4. 744 5. 768
1. 92 2. 21 3. 4 4. 9 5. 27 6. 1566 7. 32 8. 12 9. 14
6. 21 7. 45 8. 8 9. 64 10. 13 10. 210 11. 75 12. 7 13. a. A  27.5x
11. 29 12. 17 13. 77 14. 58 15. 41 b. 24 feet 14. $90 15. a. 150x
16. a. x  20 b. 14 years old 17. $7.50
18. 175 points 19. 31 ft 20. 43 cm
21. 12 m 22. 38  y  7 23. 39  b  12
24. $38

A14 Pre-Algebra Copyright © Holt McDougal.

Chapter 2 Resource Book All rights reserved.