Abstract:

In the modern era, vehicles are focused on automation so that human drivers can drive at
ease. The idea of the autonomous vehicle is originated from the arising of accidents due to
careless people driving and in this way, harmful accidents extremely occur. According
to the World Health Organization report on traffic accidents (February 2020), there are
approximately 1.35 million deaths per year, caused by road accidents [1]. Most of these
incidents can be attributed to human error. These statistics support the need for widespread
adoption and advancement of autonomous vehicle technology. The purpose of our project
is to add a safety feature on autonomous vehicles so that vehicles may not distract from the
road when the driver is not in his senses and avoid all the possible collisions with any
object. This can make vehicle driving robust and easy for anyone, and a lot are safer than
before. In this project, we are focused on two main applications of autonomous vehicles
first one is the real-time lane detection method in which the vehicle automatically follows
the lane, for this we will use modern image processing techniques in combination with
Machine Learning models to replace expansive sensors like LIDAR (Light Detection and
Ranging). The lane detection module is based on Open-CV python to get our edges and
lines in the image detected. Second is the real-time collision avoidance method in which
vehicles will detect all types of objects and avoid collisions Here the main challenge for us
to predict the object class and its exact location because these vehicles can sense their
environment and make decisions without any external aid to produce a beneficial outcome,
so accuracy should be important to overcome this problem we will use such algorithm which is a
module of deep learning because here we have to train the system to predict objects accurately.
Unfortunately, none of these methods or autonomous vehicles has yet been introduced in Pakistan
and this project is very important because we are using it in our real-time goal of saving lives
and resources, which is why we find this a very interesting
and knowledgeable project for FYP.
Timeline:

Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

Literature
Survey
Appropriate
Method for
Lane detection
Selection of
appropriate
Tools and
components
Appropriate
method for
Collision
avoidance
Modern image
Processing
learning
Embedded
system learning
Software
implementation
Hardware
Implementation
Testing and
debugging
Meetings with
supervisor
Documentation
Conclusion:

In this project, we use a prototype of an autonomous car to show the methods for lane detection and
collision avoidance. The concept behind an autonomous car is to perceive its environment and take
actions accordingly. Our project involves the computer vision and image classification in which taken
image from camera is transferred to the microcontroller for further processing. The most difficult and
important part of our project is to involve the neural networks in developing the appropriate method for
lane detection and collision avoidance. The objective of this project is to train data using Convolutional
Neural Networks CNN to manoeuvre the car on pre-defined paths. The CNN model is implemented with
powerful computer vision techniques to allow the car to navigate autonomously. In addition, computer
vision techniques such as camera calibration, frame from motion, etc. they can have a huge impact on
navigation accuracy.

In this project, an autonomous vehicle prototype is used to demonstrate methods for lane detection and
collision avoidance. The concept behind an autonomous vehicle is to perceive its environment and take
actions accordingly. Our project involves computer vision and image classification, in which images
captured by a camera are transferred to a microcontroller for further processing. The most challenging
and important part of our project is developing the right method for lane detection and collision avoidance
with neural networks. The goal of this project is to train data using Neural Networks to guide a vehicle on
predefined paths. The Neural Network model is implemented with powerful computer vision techniques
to enable the vehicle to navigate autonomously. In addition, computer vision techniques such as camera
calibration, frame from motion, etc. they can have a huge impact on navigation accuracy.