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Ngu Phap Tieng Anh Can Ban-Xuan
Ngu Phap Tieng Anh Can Ban-Xuan
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
2 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
3 Basic Grammar for Communication
I am We are
He is They are
She is You are
It is Hai người (vật) trở lên + are
Một người (vật) + is
Động từ thường:
He
She + Vs/es
It
Một người (vật)
I
We
1
You +V
They
Hai người (vật) trở lên
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
4 Basic Grammar for Communication
Động từ thường:
Am
Is + S …?
Are
Động từ thường:
Do I…? Do we…?
Do you…? Do you…?
Does he…? Do they…?
Does she…?
Does it…?
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
5 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
6 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
7 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
8 Basic Grammar for Communication
S + was/ were …
Was I, He, She, It, Một người
S + V2/ Ved …
Did + S + V1 …?
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
9 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
10 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
11 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
12 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
13 Basic Grammar for Communication
8. He died in 1998.
9. I didn’t say that yesterday evening.
10. When I saw him, I didn’t like him.
11. I lived here from 2001 to 2008. Now, I live in Ho Chi Minh City.
12. Did she leave her house when she was young?
13. He never smoked in the past.
14. She rarely went swimming when she was 11 years old.
4.3 Cách phát âm động từ có quy tắc khi thêm V-ed (V2 và V3)
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
14 Basic Grammar for Communication
Example:
1. I have lived here for 10 years.
2. I’ve taught English for 3 months.
3. Tom’s been an engineer since July.
4. She has worked at this company since 2008.
5. Have you lived here for a long time?
6. Has Peter known you since last year?
- Diễn tả một sự việc mà khoảng thời gian thực hiện nó vẫn chưa kết
thúc.
Thường đi chung với: today, this week/ month/ year/ term
Example:
1. He has smoked 10 cigarettes today.
2. I haven’t seen her this week.
3. I’ve got 3 prizes this year.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
15 Basic Grammar for Communication
- Diễn tả một sự việc vừa xảy ra trong quá khứ, nhưng kết quả lại ảnh
hưởng đến hiện tại.
Example:
1. She is very sad now because she has lost her car key.
2. He’s very happy at the moment because he has received a new laptop
from his manager.
- Sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành nếu như trong câu có các từ hoặc cụm
từ sau:
1. I have just had dinner. (vừa mới)
2. She has already finished her report. (đã)
3. They have not prepared the lesson yet. (chưa)
4. Have you (ever) eaten this kind of food before? (đã từng…trước đây)
5. Have you ever met him? (đã từng)
6. I have never seen this book. (chưa bao giờ)
7. They have published this CD recently/ lately. (gần đây)
8. This is the best book I have ever read. (đã từng)
9. This is the first/ second time I have seen this film. (lần đầu tiên/thứ
hai…)
10. She has been my good friend so far/ up to now. (tính đến bây giờ)
7. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành:
7.1 Công thức:
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
16 Basic Grammar for Communication
Example:
1. The train had left before I arrived at the station.
2. After she had finished all the exercises, she went to bed.
3. By the time I arrived, the bus had left.
8. Thì tương lai đơn:
8.1 Công thức:
S + will/ shall + V1
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
17 Basic Grammar for Communication
Example:
1. I can do this exercise.
= I am able to do this exercise.
2. Can she understand what I told her?
= Is she able to understand what I told her?
- “COULD” là quá khứ của “CAN”.
Example:
When I was young, I could learn English very quickly.
- “COULD” tương đương với: WAS/ WERE ABLE TO + V1
WAS I, He, She, It, Tom, This dog.
WERE We, You, They, Tom and Mary.
- “COULD” có thể dùng để diễn tả một lời đề nghị/ câu hỏi lịch sự.
Example:
1. Could I open the window?
2. Could I help you?
= Could I do anything for you?
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
18 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
19 Basic Grammar for Communication
2. Nguyên tắc:
Active: S+V+O
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
20 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
21 Basic Grammar for Communication
- Lưu ý:
+ Trước các môn thể thao không dùng mạo từ “the”.
Example:
football = soccer
basketball
volleyball
badminton
Play the
baseball
tennis
table-tennis = pingpong
golf
guitar
piano
Play the violin
drum
saxophone
+ Chúng ta nói:
Go to school/ church/ university/ college/ hospital/ prison
Example:
1. We go to school from Monday to Friday every week.
2. When we are 18 years old, we usually have to go to university or
college.
3. He went to prison two years ago.
4. Every Sunday, we go to church together.
5. I went to hospital last night because I met with an accident.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
22 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
23 Basic Grammar for Communication
Dùng câu cầu khiến khi ta diễn đạt ý: “Nhờ ai làm gì”
1. Công thức:
1.1 Dạng chủ động: have + Ongười + V + Ovật
get + Ongười + to-V + Ovật
2. Ví dụ:
- I will have that man repair my car tomorrow.
= I will get that man to repair my car tomorrow.
= I will have/ get my car repaired by that man tomorrow.
- He had his mum buy a new T-shirt.
= He got his mum to buy a new T-shirt.
= He had/ got a new T-shirt bought by his mum.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
24 Basic Grammar for Communication
1. Loại 1:
1.1 Cách dùng:
Diễn tả một sự việc có khả năng thực hiện hoặc có khả năng xảy ra ở hiện
tại hoặc tương lai.
1.2 Công thức:
If + thì hiện tại đơn, S + will/ can/ may + V1 …
Example:
1. If you try more, you’ll succeed.
2. You can pass this exam if you study hard.
2. Loại 2:
2.1 Cách dùng:
Diễn tả một giả định trái với hiện tại
2.2 Công thức:
If + thì quá khứ đơn, S + would/ could/ might + V1 …
Lưu ý:
Nếu ở mệnh đề IF có chứa động từ TO BE thì ta dùng WERE cho tất cả
các ngôi. Tuy nhiên, vẫn có thể dùng WAS cho chủ ngữ I/ He/ She/ It
Example:
1. If I were you, I would love that girl.
2. They could accept your plan if you proved its success. But, in fact,
you can’t.
3. Loại 3:
3.1 Cách dùng:
Diễn tả một giả định trái với quá khứ
3.2 Công thức:
If + Thì quá khứ hoàn thành, S + would/ could + have + V3/ Ved …
Example:
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
25 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
26 Basic Grammar for Communication
Nếu vế đầu chia dạng phủ định Câu hỏi đuôi chia dạng khẳng định
Nếu vế đầu chia dạng khẳng định Câu hỏi đuôi chia dạng phủ định
Example:
1. You do morning exercise in the morning, don’t you?
2. You are a teacher, aren’t you?
3. They are working here, aren’t they?
4. She didn’t like me, did she?
5. They have done everything for their children, haven’t they?
6. They have never seen this movie before, have they?
7. You rarely go swimming, do you?
8. Your parents were very angry with you last night, weren’t they?
9. No one will punish me, will they?
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
27 Basic Grammar for Communication
1. Định nghĩa:
A. Tính từ ngắn:
Tính từ ngắn là tính từ:
- Chỉ có 1 vần.
Example: nice, tall, short
- Có 2 vần nhưng tận cùng là y.
Example: happy, silly, nasty, ugly, moody
- Có 2 vần tận cùng là er, rn, le, on
Example: clever, stubborn, simple, common
B. Tính từ dài:
Tính từ dài là những trường hợp còn lại
2. So sánh bằng:
- Trường hợp 1: AS + adj/ adv + AS
Example:
1. She is as tall as me.
2. She runs as quickly as me.
- Trường hợp 2: AS MANY + Nđếm được + AS
Example:
1. He smokes as many cigarettes as me.
2. Did you read as many books as him?
3. She thinks that she has as many friends as him.
- Trường hợp 3: AS MUCH + Nkhông đếm được + AS
Example:
1. I drink as much tea as him.
2. Do you believe that I can drink as much beer as him?
3. So sánh bậc hơn:
A. Tính từ ngắn:
Adj + ER + than …
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
28 Basic Grammar for Communication
Example:
1. She is taller than me.
2. They are happier than him.
3. My parents are richer than his parents.
B. Tính từ dài:
MORE + adj + than …
Example:
1. She is more beautiful than me.
2. He feels that he is more difficult than other people.
3. His son is more successful than my son.
4. So sánh nhất:
A. Tính từ ngắn:
THE + adj + EST + (Noun)
Example: She is the fattest girl in our team.
B. Tính từ dài:
THE + MOST + adj + (Noun)
Example: I think that he is the most intelligent man in the world.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
29 Basic Grammar for Communication
1. V + Ving …
ADMIT: thừa nhận đã
- He admitted stealing a book from that bookstore.
DENY: phủ nhận đã
- They denied cheating in the examination.
AVOID: tránh
- Smoking is not good for your health. So, you should avoid smoking.
CAN’T HELP: không thể không làm gì
- I couldn’t help looking at her. She was so beautiful.
DELAY: trì hoãn (= postpone)
- We shouldn’t delay/ postpone holding this important event.
ENJOY: thích
- At weekends, I enjoy listening to music, watching TV, going shopping,
going fishing, going to the swimming pool and cooking.
FINISH: hoàn thành (= complete)
- You should finish doing all your housework.
MISS: nhỡ
- What a pity! Last night, I missed a very wonderful movie.
PRACTICE: thực hành
- If we practice speaking English everyday, we can talk to foreigners soon.
STOP: dừng làm gì (= quit)
- Stop laughing! I’m very serious now.
CONSIDER: xem xét
- We should consider going to Hong Kong this spring.
MIND: phiền (Do you mind/ Would you mind + Ving: phiền bạn lam gì)
- Would you mind opening the door for me, please?
- Do you mind not smoking in here?
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
30 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
31 Basic Grammar for Communication
- I regret to say that/ I regret to tell you that/ I regret to inform you that
your application form was not successful.
REGRET + Ving: tiếc khi đã làm gì
- I regret telling him my secret. He never keeps his promise.
d. REMEMBER/ FORGET
REMEMBER/ FORGET + to-V: hành động thuộc về ý niệm tương lai (sự
việc chưa xảy ra)
- Remember to turn on all the lights when you enter classroom.
- Don’t worry! I never forget to turn off the lights when I leave classroom.
REMEMBER/ FORGET + Ving: hành động thuộc về ý niệm quá khứ (sự việc
đã xảy ra)
- He looks very familiar. I remember meeting him somewhere.
- I will never forget living in Canada 3 years ago.
4. V + Ongười + to-V
- WANT: muốn ai làm gì.
I want you to get up early in the morning to do exercise.
- NEED: cần ai làm gì
I needed him to help me do housework yesterday afternoon.
- ASK: nhờ ai làm gì
I’ll ask them to buy some fruits.
- FORCE: ép buộc ai làm gì
Don’t force me to go to bed early every night.
- ENCOURAGE: khuyến khích ai làm gì
My uncle encouraged me to register for this English course.
- ALLOW, PERMIT: cho phép ai làm gì
My aunt will never allow me to go out late in the evening.
His teacher permitted him to hand in his homework late.
- PERSUADE: thuyết phục ai làm gì
I will try to persuade my parents to go on vacation this summer.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
32 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
33 Basic Grammar for Communication
1. S + USED TO + V1
Đã từng…/ Thường… (thói quen trong quá khứ nhưng bây giờ không còn nữa)
Example:
1. He used to visit me on Sundays last year.
2. Did you use to go to church when you were young?
2. S + be/ get used to + Noun/ Ving
Quen/ trở nên quen với…
Example:
1. I am used to getting up early in the morning.
2. Do you get used to staying up late?
3. It + takes/ took/ will take + (Ongười) + to-V …
(Ai) cần/ mất bao lâu để làm gì…
Example:
1. It takes me 2 hours to go to school by bus every morning.
2. How long does it take you to go to work by motorbike?
4. S + SPEND + time/ money + Ving …
(Ai) bỏ ra bao lâu/ bao nhiêu để làm gì …
Example:
1. She will spend 700 USD buying a new laptop next week.
2. I spent 3 hours doing this exercise.
3. How much money do you spend renting a film DVD?
4. How long will you spend finishing this course?
5. TOO + adj/ adv + (FOR + Ongười) + TO-V …
Quá … đến nỗi mà (ai đó) không thể làm gì…
Example:
1. He is too young to drink alcohol.
2. The question was too difficult for us to understand it.
3. He spoke too quickly to understand him.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
34 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
35 Basic Grammar for Communication
Hoặc là … hoặc là …
Phải có cùng chức năng trong câu (Danh từ, Động từ, Trạng từ, Chủ ngữ, …)
Example:
1. She is either a doctor or a nurse.
2. He is living either in Paris or in London.
3. Either you or I am wrong.
Lưu ý: Khi Either … or … đóng vai trò làm chủ ngữ trong câu, thì động từ
được chia theo chủ ngữ đứng sau “OR”
12. NEITHER … NOR …
Không … cũng không …
Phải có cùng chức năng trong câu (Danh từ, Động từ, Trạng từ, Chủ ngữ, …)
Example:
1. She is neither an actor nor an actress.
2. Neither you nor I was invited to his party.
Lưu ý: Khi Neither … nor … đóng vai trò làm chủ ngữ trong câu, thì động từ
được chia theo chủ ngữ đứng sau “NOR”
13. BOTH … AND …
Vừa … vừa …
Phải có cùng chức năng trong câu (Danh từ, Động từ, Trạng từ, Chủ ngữ, …)
Example:
1. He is both a doctor and an engineer.
2. Both he and his girlfriend are teachers.
Lưu ý: Khi Both … and … đóng vai trò làm chủ ngữ trong câu, thì động từ theo
sau luôn được chia số nhiều
14. IT is/ was + adj + (FOR + Ongười) + to-V …
Thật là … (cho ai) làm gì
Example:
1. It is difficult to speak English fluently.
2. It is not easy for you to look for a good job in this city.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
36 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
37 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
38 Basic Grammar for Communication
1. Về thời gian:
- at 3 a.m. (A.M.), at 7 p.m. (P.M.), at 3 o’clock.
- Tuy nhiên trong văn nói người ta thường rút gọn giới từ “at”
Example:
Excuse me, what time is it now?
9 o’clock.
- Cách đọc giờ:
+ 7 giờ 15 phút: seven fifteen; quarter past seven
+ 6 giờ 20 phút: six twenty; twenty past six
+ 8 giờ kém 5 phút: seven fifty-five; five to eight
+ 9 giờ rưỡi: nine thirty; half past nine
+ 2 giờ kém 15 phút: one forty-five; quarter to two
2. Về ngày, tháng, năm:
- In 1992 (nineteen ninety) , in 2008 (two thousand and eight)
- In June, in December.
- On Monday, on Thursday.
- On 1st May.
- On 2nd July 2009.
- On Monday 3rd September 2011.
- At/on weekends.
- On next week, next month, next year.
- On last week, last month, last year.
- On tomorrow, yesterday.
- On tomorrow evening, yesterday evening.
- In the next 2 weeks, in the next few days.
- Over the past/last 3 months, over the past/last few years.
3. Về địa điểm:
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
39 Basic Grammar for Communication
at Supermarket
Market
Swimming pool
Cinema
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
40 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
41 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
42 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
43 Basic Grammar for Communication
56. I hope to get round to answering your letter next week. (có đủ thời gian)
57. It’s better if you get up early in the morning. (thức dậy)
58. We must get together sometime soon. (tập hợp)
59. I will pay you back when I get salary. (trả lại tiền)
60. Could you point out my mistakes? I want to improve myself. (làm rõ)
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
44 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
45 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
46 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
47 Basic Grammar for Communication
Chớ để ngày mai việc bạn có thể làm ngày hôm nay
29. Don’t wash your dirty linen in public.
Chớ vạch áo cho người xem lưng
30. Easier said than done.
Nói thì dễ, làm thì khó
31. Easy come, easy go.
Những gì dễ đạt được sẽ nhanh chóng ra đi.
32. Every cloud has a silver lining.
Trong sự rủi vẫn có điều may.
33. Every dog has his day.
Không ai giàu ba họ, không ai khó ba đời.
34. Every family has a skeleton in the cupboard.
Ai cũng có những điều tội lỗi, nhục nhã phải che dấu.
35. Failure teaches success.
Thất bại sẽ giúp bạn thành công về sau.
36. First come, first served.
Đến trước phục vụ trước.
37. Give credit where credit is due.
Khi nào cần khen thì sẽ khen.
38. Grasp all, lose all.
Cố gắng hiểu biết quá nhiều thứ, bạn sẽ không thể nắm chắc được gì cả
39. Handsome is as handsome does.
Tốt gỗ hơn tốt nước sơn.
40. Hindsight is better than foresight.
Hãy ngẫm lại chuyện quá khứ sẽ tốt hơn là cứ mong chờ về tương lai
41. Honesty is the best policy.
Hãy thành thật
42. If you can’t beat them, join them.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
48 Basic Grammar for Communication
Hợp tác với đối phương sẽ tốt hơn cứ đối đầu với họ mãi
43. Ignorance of the law excuses no man.
Thật tệ hại khi bạn không biết luật.
44. It is best to be on the safe side.
Nên chọn phương án an toàn cho các giải pháp.
45. It is no use crying over spilt milk.
Chuyện đã qua thì không nên hối tiếc.
46. It is too late to lock the stable door when the horse has been stolen.
Mất bò mới lo làm chuồng.
47. It never rains, but it pours.
Họa vô đơn chí.
48. Jack of all trades, master of none.
Nhất nghệ tinh, nhất thân vinh.
49. Laughter is the best medicine.
Một nụ cười bằng mười thang thuốc bổ.
50. Let bygones be bygones.
Chuyện đã qua hãy cho nó qua.
51. Let sleeping dogs lie.
Đừng chọc giận tổ kiến.
52. Look before you leap.
Làm việc gì cũng đừng nên vội vàng.
53. Look on the bright side.
Hãy lạc quan.
54. Love is blind.
Tình yêu mù quáng.
55. Love sees no fault.
Tình yêu mù quáng.
56. Love will find a way.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
49 Basic Grammar for Communication
Tình yêu sẽ giúp tìm ra cách gải quyết mọi vấn đề.
57. May hay while the sun shines.
Hãy biết chớp lấy thời cơ khi nó đến.
58. Man proposes, God disposes.
Người tính không bằng trời tính.
59. Many hands make light work.
Càng đông người càng giải quyết nhanh công việc.
60. Mind your own business.
Hãy lo chuyện mình trước, đừng can thiệp vào chuyện người khác.
61. Money is the root of all evils.
Tiền bạc là căn nguyên của tội lỗi.
62. More haste, less speed.
Dục tốc bất đạt.
63. Never mix your liquor.
Chuyện nào ra chuyện đó.
64. Never speak ill of the dead.
Đừng nói xấu người đã khuất.
65. Never too late/ old to learn.
Không bao giờ là quá muộn đối với sự học.
66. Never too late to repent.
Không bao giờ quá muộn để hối tiếc những chuyện không hay đã xảy ra.
67. No man can serve two masters.
Không nên làm đầy tớ cho cả hai chủ.
68. No news is good news.
Không có tin tức gì có nghĩa là tin tốt.
69. No pain, no gain.
Không vào hang hùm sao bắt được hùm.
70. Nothing hurts like the truth.
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
50 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
51 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
52 Basic Grammar for Communication
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”
53 Basic Grammar for Communication
Good luck!!!
“If you think you can, you can. If you think you can’t, you can’t”