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Lesson 4 The Skin
Lesson 4 The Skin
LESSON 3
Structure and Movement
The Skin
Key Concepts
• What does the skin do?
• How do the three layers of What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide
whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column
skin differ?
if you agree with the statement or a D if you disagree. After you’ve read
• How does the skin interact this lesson, reread the statements to see if you have changed your mind.
with other body systems?
Before Statement After
5. Skin helps regulate body temperature.
Protection
Skin covers your bones and muscles. Skin protects them
from the outside environment. It keeps your body from
drying out in sunlight and wind. Skin also protects the cells
and tissues under the skin from damage. Skin keeps dirt,
bacteria, viruses, and other substances from entering your
Reading Check body.
1. Explain What would Sensory Response
happen to your body if you
Imagine you closed your eyes and felt two objects—a
had no skin?
brick and a piece of paper. You would be able to feel the
difference. The brick would feel rough, and the paper would
feel smooth. Your skin has sensory receptors that detect
texture. Sensory receptors in the skin also detect temperature
and sense pain. The more sensory receptors there are in an
area of skin, the more sensitive the skin is.
Elimination
Normal cellular processes produce waste products. The
skin helps eliminate, or get rid of, some of these wastes.
Water, salts, and other waste products are removed through Visual Check
the pores of the skin. Elimination occurs all the time, but 3. Name three structures
you probably only notice it when you sweat. found in the dermis layer of
skin.
Structures of the Skin
The skin that you see and feel on your body is the outer-
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
most layer of your skin. Below it are two other layers of skin.
Each layer, as shown in the figure below, has a different
structure and function.
Cuts
Make a half-book to record When you break one or more layers of skin, a cut results.
information about the Cuts often cut blood vessels, too. Blood that flows from a cut
different types of skin usually thickens and forms a scab over the cut. The scab
injuries and how the body helps keep dirt and other substances from entering the body.
repairs them.
Skin heals by making new skin cells that repair the cut.
Skin Injuries Some cuts are too large to heal naturally. If that happens,
and Repair
Epidermis stitches might be needed to close the cut while it heals.
Dermis
Fat layer
Healthy Skin
One way to keep your skin healthy is to protect it from
sunlight. The ultraviolet (UV) rays in sunlight can cause
permanent damage to the skin. Damage to the skin can
include dry skin, wrinkles, and skin cancer. You can protect
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
1. Review the terms and their definitions in the Mini Glossary. Write two or three sentences
that explain how the terms integumentary system, epidermis, dermis, and bruise are related.
2. Rewrite each phrase shown below in the correct part of the Venn diagram to compare
and contrast the epidermis and the dermis.