A

Project Report on

PANIC ALARM CIRCUIT

By
Shubhang Tripathi (1900970200045)
Tushar Singh (1900970200052)

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of

Mini project of 2nd year

Bachelor of Technology
In

Electrical Engineering
Under the guidance of

Ms. Lipika Datta, Assistant Professor

Mr. Surendra Pal , Assistant professor

Department of Electrical Engineering

Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida

Abdul Kalam Technical University

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 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that this submission is our own work and that, to the best of our knowledge
and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material
which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of
the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been
made in the text.

Shubhang Tripathi (1900970200045)

Tushar Singh (1900970200052)

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Project Report entitled “panic alarm circuit” which is submitted by Tushar
Singh , Shubhang Tripathi in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree B. Tec
h. in Department of Electrical Engineering of Abdul Kalam Technical University, is a record of t
he candidate own work carried out by him under my/our supervision. The matter embodied in thi
s the is original and has not been submitted for the award of any other degree.

Ms. Lipika Datta Mr. Surendra Pal

Assistant Professor Assistant Professor

Dr. Md. Danish Equbal

Professor & HOD

EE Department

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives us a great sense of pleasure to present the report of the B. Tech Project has undertaken
during B. Tech second Year. We owe a special debt of gratitude to our supervisor Ms. Lipika
Datta, Assistant- Professor-EE and Mr. Surendra Pal, Assistant- Professor-EE in Department of
Electrical Engineering, Galgotias College of Engineering & Technology for her constant support
and guidance throughout the course of our work. Her sincerity, thoroughness and perseverance
have been a constant source of inspiration for us. It is only her cognizant efforts that our
endeavors have seen light of the day.
EE for his constant official support, encouragement and motivation for our project work.
We wish to express our sincere thanks to our Project Coordinator Mr. Surendra Pal (Assistant
Professor-EE) for the transmission of their enthusiasm, competence, as well as for the richness of
their guidelines and invaluable suggestions throughout the project.
We also do not like to miss the opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of all faculty
members and lab-Instructors of the department for their kind assistance and cooperation during
the development of our project. Last but not the least, we acknowledge our friends for their
contribution in the completion of the project. Our deep sense of gratitude is accorded to
Professor Dr. Danish Equbal, Head of Department.

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No DESCRIPTION

Fig 1 timer 55 IC

Fig 2 breadboard

Fig 3 resistor

Fig 4 capacitor

Fig 5 connecting wires

Fig 6 mini buzzer

Fig 7 push button

Fig 8 9v battery

Fig 9 circuit diagram

Fig 10 circuit diagram of IC

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 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

TG TRIGGER
GND GROUND
TH THRESHOLD
R RESET
Q OUTPUT
VCC POWER
CV CONTROL PIN
DC DISCHARGE

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 LIST OF CONTENTS

 DECLARATION
 CERTIFICATE
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 LIST OF FIG.S
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

1. INTRODUCTION
I. WHAT IS PANIC ALARM?
II. WHY PANIC ALARM?
III. ADVANTAGES OF PANIC ALARM

2. OVERVIEW OF PROJECT
3. COMPONENTS USED
I. TIMER 555 IC
II. BREADBOARD
III. RESISTORS
IV. CAPACITORS
V. CONNECTING WIRES
VI. MINI BUZZER
VII. PUSH BUTTON
VIII. 9V BATTERY

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF PANIC ALARM

5. WORKING OF PANIC ALARM CIRCUIT
6. OPERATION OF 555 TIMER IC
7. CONNECTIONS
8. APPLICATION AND USES
9. ADVANTAGES
10. CONCLUSION
11. REFERENCES

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1. INTRODUCTION

I. WHAT IS PANIC ALARM?

A panic alarm is an electronic device designed to assist in alerting somebody in

emergency situation where threat to a person or property exists. A panic alarm is
frequently but not always controlled by a concealed panic alarm button. These buttons
can be connected to a monitoring center or locally via a silent alarm or an audible
bell/siren. The alarm can be used to request emergency assistance from
local security, police or emergency services. Some systems can also activate closed-
circuit television to record or assess the event.

II. WHY PANIC ALARM?

Panic alarms are used when it may be unsafe or uncomfortable to call for help in
other ways. For example, if a belligerent person is standing in your lobby, it may be
unwise to further escalate the situation by picking up a phone to call for assistance. A
panic alarm can provide a quick and convenient way to summon help without
drawing attention.

1. MEDICAL ALERT

A medical alert panic button or medical alarm is an electronic device worn on

a bracelet or necklace as part of a medical alert system. When pressed, it sends a
wireless signal to a home console which dials alarm monitoring staff and alerts
them of an emergency condition. Depending on the severity of the situation, alarm
monitoring staff will summon friends, family, or emergency services. A panic
button alarm is a self-contained electronic device powered by an internal long-life
battery, typically Waterproof and designed to be shock resistant and highly
durable.

2. HOLDUP ALARM

Holdup alarm are alarms that require a person under duress to covertly trigger the
alarm to summon the proper authorities. These types of alarms are most
commonly found in retail establishments and financial institutions, but are
sometimes an integrated feature of home burglar alarms. The trigger could be a
push button, electronic money clip, a foot rail, or a number of other things. Either
the person under duress or a witness can activate this kind of alarm. For example,

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 if someone is ambushed outside of their home and told to disable their alarm
system they can possibly enter a special duress code that is different from their
normal deactivation code to notify authorities without arousing suspicion. These
alarms are almost always silent and usually require a manual reset with a key or a
special code.

III. ADVANTAGES OF PANIC ALARM

 PORTABILITY: This is very handy and portable panic alarm and can be of
great importance.

 WORKPLACE SAFETY: Panic button promotes workplace safety. Safety of

workers is the prime duty of any company or factory. Thus panic button here
plays a crucial role.

 COST EFFECTIVE: A panic button is cost effective. Organization

spend outrageous amounts of money on ineffective tools to promote workplace
security.  Moreover, purchased with good intentions, the realization that threats
can come from any direction significantly minimizes the effectiveness of the
product.

 VERSATILITY: A panic button has undeniable versatility.  Using buzz-in

systems and high-tech camera systems are good for monitoring. However, a threat
can just as easily come from within.

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2. OVERVIEW OF PROJECT

The purpose of a panic alarm is to allow a person under duress to quickly and silently call
for help in the event of an emergency.The main aim of this project is to create a portable
and a handy panic alarm which can be easily be carried away by someone or can be
placed so that in catches more attention if a person is really in a dangerous situation or if
there is suddenly an uncomfortable or unsafe circumstances just to aware people to
escape to safer place. So in this project we built a PANIC ALARM CIRCUIT which
can be efficiently used.

3. COMPONENTS USED

There are so many components that are being used to prepare the project on “Panic
Alarm Circuit”. All of them given below with their respective description:-

 TIMER 555 IC

The 555 timer IC is a very cheap, popular and useful precision timing device which
can act as either a simple to generate single pulses or long time delays, or as a
relaxation oscillator producing timer a string of stabilized waveforms of varying
duty cycles from 50 to 100%.

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 Figure 1

 BREADBOARD

A breadboard is a rectangular plastic board with a bunch of tiny holes in it. These holes
let you easily insert electronic components to prototype (meaning to build and test an
early version of) an electronic circuit, like this one with a battery, switch, resistor, and an
LED (light-emitting diode).

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 Figure 2

 RESISTORS

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical

resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce
current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and
terminate transmission lines, among other uses.

Resistor 1k ohm

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 Resistor 22k ohm

Resistor 100k ohm

Figure 3

 CAPACITOR

Capacitors are simple passive device that can store an electrical charge on their
plates when connected to a voltage source. Capacitor consists of two or more
parallel conductive (metal) plates which are not connected or touching each other,
but are electrically separated either by air or by some form of a good insulating
material such as waxed paper, mica, ceramic, plastic or some form of a liquid gel as
used in electrolytic capacitors. 

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 Figure 4

 CONNECTING WIRES

These are wires used for connecting components.

Figure 5

 MINI BUZZER
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical,
electromechanical, or piezoelectric (piezo for short).

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 Figure 6

 PUSH BUTTON

A Push Button switch is a type of switch which consists of a simple electric

mechanism or air switch mechanism to turn something on or off.

Figure 7

 9V BATTERY

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 A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external
connections for powering electrical devices such as flashlights, mobile phone

Figure 8

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF PANNIC ALARM

The following diagram shows the circuit diagram of Arduino board with timer 555 IC and
And other components

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 Figure 9

5. WORKING OF PANIC ALARM

The IC 555 is used in the Astable mode with the frequency depending on the values of
resistors R2, R3 and C2. The values of R2 = 100KΩ, R3 = 22KΩ and C2 = 10µF. By
substituting the given parameters in the respective formulas for IC 555 in Astable mode,
we get the following values. The frequency of operation of the circuit is calculated to be
1 Hz. By finding the time period of the circuit by using the frequency information, we get
the time period of the circuit as 1 second. This means the circuit has an on -off repeating
time period of about 1 second. After analyzing the ON and OFF time period of the panic
alarm circuit given above, we find that the circuit will remain on for about 0.845 seconds
and off for about 0.152 seconds. The circuit is in the disabled mode when the button is
not pressed and hence the alarm will not function when the button is not pressed.
Although the power supply will be supplied to the IC 555 all the time, the circuit will
operate in the Astable mode only when the IC is enabled. The IC is in the enable mode
only when pin 4 of the 555 IC is given a high voltage. This happens only when the button
is pressed. The button can be made to have a plastic enclosure to have a better visibility
and ease of access to it. For the purpose of demonstration, we have connected a simple
Buzzer to the output of the 555 IC

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6. OPERATION OF 555 TIMER IC

Figure 9

 Initially, TRIGGER pin 2 and RESET pin 4 are pulled up using resistors R1 and
R2. On pressing the SET button the trigger pin 2 goes low (VCC) making the
output of lower comparator inside 555 to go high for an instant. This sets the flip-
flop and the OUTPUT pin goes high and remains in this state until an external
reset signal is given.
 The process of resetting the 555 is done by pressing the RESET button. This
makes the RESET pin go 4 low (<Vcc/3) for an instant which is connected
directly to flip-flop through transistor. Hence, the flip-flop is reset and the output
becomes low and stays in this state until the next trigger is given.

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7. CONNECTIONS

STEP 1
 Connect 555 timer IC on breadboard

STEP 2 (Make power connections)

 Pin 8 of 555 timer IC – to vcc of battery
 Pin 1 of 555 timer IC – to GND of battery
 Pin 6 of 555 timer IC – to pin 2 of 555 timer

STEP 3
 Connect 22k ohm resistor between pin 7 and pin 2 of IC

STEP 4
 Connect 10 micro farad capacitor between pin 2 and GND

STEP 5
 Connect 1k ohm resistor between pin 4 and GND

STEP 6
 Connect 100k ohm resistor between pin 7 and VCC

STEP 7
 Connect button or switch between pin 4 and pin 8 of IC

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 STEP 8
 Connect buzzer between pin 3 and GND

STEP 9
 Connect battery and test

8. APPLICATIONS AND USES

1. It will make the security system more effective and on addition of sensors like IR
sensor can prevent security breaches.
2. Smart panic alarm system can be worn discreetly, making them fully mobile. They
can include GPS tracking technology allowing ‘arrived safety’ messages to be sent in
a single click.
3. They can also be used to trigger flashlights, open or close curtains or blinds, can lock
exit doors. So any safety measures like this can be integrated with the smart panic
alarm system.

9. ADVANTAGES

1. This project provides security.

2. Power consumption is less.
3. Used commonly available components.
4. Project is simple and easy.
5. Installation cost is low.
6. Components used are not much expensive

10. CONCLUSION

“PANIC ALARM CIRCUIT”

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 IN THIS PROJECT FEW COMPONENTS ARE USED (ALREADY MENTIONED &
DESCRIBED) THAT CAN BE CONNECTED TO PRODUCE A SYSTEM THAT
PROVIDES SECURITY TO THE THINGS, LIFE WHERE IT IS INSTALLED.

11. REFERENCES

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic_button
 https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/waveforms/555_timer.html
 https://dna-security.co.uk/benefits-panic-alarms/
 http://silvaconsultants.com/

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