STUDENT MODERN LOCKER USING ARDUINO UNO

An Undergraduate Capstone Project

Presented to the Faculty of Computer Studies
EMA EMITS COLLEGE PHILIPPINES
M.H. Del Pilar St. Pinamalayan, Oriental Mindoro

In Partial Fulfilment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

By

KYLE ANGELO P. SEBASTIAN

KRISTOPHER C. RIVETE
JOHN PATRIC R. VILLEGAS
RICHARD PEREZ
JHON ROGER HERNANDEZ
CHRYSLER M. LOPE

2021
 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

The Background of the Study

In today’s school era one of the most common problems of the

students especially those students that are taking their

bachelor’s degree were most commonly known as a stage where

independence is present is having ample numbers of paper works

and books that have to be browsed. The commonly said camaraderie

of most students made each university or institutions push for

the so-called lockers. In which according to Nuesmart Inc. (2020)

believed that the locker that was been provided to ease the

student’s needs on keeping the student’s things. Moreover, school

lockers teach children is the responsibility of looking after

their possessions and the importance of their belongings – a

lesson which will stay with them in later life. 

     Alwin (2018) once stated that a locker is designed to store

school supplies, jackets, and personal belongings. Even though

every student has a locker, many students do not use their

lockers. The relevance of the implication that the locker

provides to the student’s needs specifically on holding important

things at their safest. In addition to this, having locker

practices is the student’s responsibility. In alignment with this

being responsible for to own accountability of students requires

strong security on their property making them have different ways

of making sure that their things are secured. Palter, 2020 stated

that nowadays, smart technology is any product with an integrated

computer and sensor system that can monitor itself. Often, that

smart product can analyze its data to automatically make

performance changes.

     Changes in the equipment and usage of the usual things that

we are having improve as times past by. The goodness of the

different changes on things applies more security and

convenience. These innovations answer the needs of humanity may

it be a person whose working or a student which is more likely

known as the future of the nation.

The single most important thing that lockers provide for

students and faculty is security. The added security of school

lockers is not only beneficial to students, either, as the

presence of a personal locker gives parents peace of mind that

their children's costly belongings are secure throughout the day.

Lockers could be good for students because they can keep

their schoolwork safe and secure. You don't have to put as much

stuff in your backpack, having a lot of stuff in your bag can

give you a lot of back pain, that's not nice, and you won't

forget your stuff.

Statement of the Problem

This project generally aimed to developed a student modern

locker with optimum security. Specifically, it sought answers a

following questions;

1. What is the status of the student modern locker using arduino

terms of:

1.1 locking system using RFID and Biometric;

1.2 sms notification and alarm system; and

1.3 automatic lightning?

2. What is the status of student modern locker in terms of:

2.1 functionality;

2.2 safety;

2.3 reliability; and

2.4 ease of use?

3. What will be the hardware or software that will be the

incorporated to ensure the student modern locker's functionality?

Objectives

Based on the above cited guide questions, this project aimed

to:

1. Develop a student modern locker with following features:

1.1 rfid and biometric lock system;

1.2 sms notification system using GSM module.

1.3 alarm system using buzzer; and

1.4 automatic lightning system.

2. Develop a student modern locker with excellent:

2.1 functionality;

2.2 safety features;

2.3 usability; and

2.4 reliability

3. Determin the most suited hardware and software system to be

incorporated to ensure the student modern locker's functionality.

Significance of the Study

Student. This project would be of great significance to the

owners of lockers especially in students to become more

comfortable in carrying their school items. Having such will

allow them to have a more secured and safe locker for their

belongings and important things as this project features a rfid

and biometric lock system and notification system.

Parents. As for the parents, this will give them peace of

mind for valuable and expensive things of their child whenever

they will be going to school especially for those students who

are living in distant locations.

Developer. For the developer, if this study will succeed in

the future, the possible implementation of other ideas pertaining

to the expansion of the school lockers can benefit other possible

beneficiaries that are not associated with this study. It will

also give them better insight if there are some flaws in this

study for them to correct the mistakes of this locker proposal,

moreover with the advanced use of the student locker it will be

easier and meaningful for the students to sacrifice so that they

can graduate well without the latter blame.

Scope and Delimitation

This study will solely focus on recreating and redesigning a

conventional student locker into a modern locker. The student

modern locker will have a security feature to reduce the risk of

damage or theft to student belongings. It will have an automatic

lighting system that automatically activates once the locker was

opened in the nighttime. The said locker will have a notification

system which functionality would be made possible by its power

sensing facility utilizing the Arduino Uno and a GSM module and

also will have an alarm system installed. The realization of this

project will validate the futuristic designs of student modern

locker.

The student modern locker using Arduino can be assessed in

terms of RFID/Biometric locking capability, notification, and

alarming system. On the other hand functionality, safety,

reliability, and ease of use are also being observed. The

evaluation of the project will be done with the help of 20

(twenty) locker owners and students.

The sole purpose of this system is to ease the problem of

every student to become more comfortable in carrying their school

items. The project is a proof-of-concept such that it serves as a

foundation for a framework or platform in developing a student

modern locker, rather than a final marketable product. The

completion of this product would commence in the academic year

2021-2022.
Definition of Terms

In this project, the following terms used are herein defined

operationally and conceptually for better understanding.

Student Locker. Provide a safe place to store personal items

throughout the day, where students can stop periodically to swap

textbooks and grab their lunch. This added convenience also helps

students work on their time management between classes, an

important life skill to master.

Functionality. It is referred to as the good quality of the

student modern locker suited to serve its purpose.

Microcontroller. It is a small computer on a single

integrated circuit. It is similar to, but less sophisticated

than, a system on a chip. It is used in automatically controlled

products and devices (Retrieved from

http://en.em.wikipedia.org/microcontroller on August 18, 2019).

Notification System. Once an unauthorized access is being

detected, where in an SMS notification will be sent to the

registered owner of the student modern locker.

Alarm System. It is one of the features of the student

modern locker that gives alert to locker owner by sounding a loud

buzzer to easily find out what is happening in the locker. These

are set off once the sensor or motion detectors give the signal

to the circuits that something unreliable is happening.

Safety. This means the security of the student modern locker

to secure all the things placed in it.

 Conceptual Model

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Knowledge
Requirements
a. Programming
b. Electronics
c. Google
Sketch Up
d. Fritzing
2. Hardware
Requirements
a. Arduino Uno
b. Fingerprint
Sensor
c. Solenoid Lock 1. Problem
d. RFID Reader Identification
e. Buzzer 2. Internet/
f. Power Supply Library Search
g. Relay module 3. Concept
h. Led Generation
3. Software 4. Design STUDENT
Requirements 5. Prototype and
a. Integrated Construct MODERN
Development 6. System
Environment Integration LOCKER
(IDE) 7. System Test
b. Programming 8. Delivery and
Language Acceptance
9. Maintenance and
3. Software Upgrade
Requirements
a. Integrated
Development
Environment
(IDE)
b. Programming
Language
 Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study.

As shown, this study will utilize the Input-Process-Output

(IPO) model where the input includes three major requirements:

the knowledge requirements, hardware requirements and

the software requirements. The knowledge requirements

includes: Programming, Electronics, Google Sketch Up and Fritzing

while the hardware requirements includes: Arduino Uno, Led,

Fingerprint sensor, RFID Reader, Solenoid Lock, and Buzzer.

The software requirements include: Integrated Dev. Environment

(IDE) and the Programming Language to be used in the system. The

process on the other hand includes: problem identification,

internet/library research, requirement specification, concept

generation, prototype & construction, system integration, system

testing, delivery & acceptance, and the maintenance and upgrade

of the project. Finally, the output of this project would be the

student modern locker itself.

 Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Foreign Literature

Change is seen in the making of modern strategies regarding technology, in the world

we live you will find many technologies that will change your mind and show many ideas that

will be amaze and can give comfort to our lives, we can't stop the help we bring of technology

for us and is it the path to a prosperous future.

According to Anderson & Horrigan (2016), rather than more expensive devices such as

laptops and tablets. Greater access and demand for technology has presented unique

opportunities and challenges for many industries, some of which have thrived by effectively

digitizing their operations and services and others that have struggled to keep up with the pace

of technological innovation.

According to Ahmad, Russell, & Abou-Zeid (1995) to organize and operate educational

curriculums. In this study, these emerging technologies or innovations covering Computer-

Aided Design related software systems, project scheduling, operation, budgeting, inspection,

maintenance-related software systems or even the presentation related tools in the classes are

defined as IT-

related developments. It is both related to the technology used by educators in the educational

process and the technology used by students through the courses to comprehensively cover the

overall student perception.

 According to Koknel (2017), innovative lectures are initiated such as 3D modeling,

creating animations, virtual reality, and parametric design applications. The development of

interactive education has also facilitated interdisciplinary work, which enables correlating

different points of view in a single projector. Lately, a/e students emphasized greater

importance in understanding project management with different disciplines by taking

advantage of technology.

Tushman and Anderson (1986). According to them the new technology can either be

competence-enhancing, building on existing know how and reinforcing incumbents' positions,

or competence-destroying, rendering existing knowhow obsolete and making it possible for

newcomers to become technologically superior competitors. The technological ferment

spawned by the discontinuity ends with the emergence of a dominant design, a single

architecture that establishes dominance in a product class.

According to Branscomb (2001), Technological innovations play an increasingly

prominent role in the growth of leading industrial economies. As a result, governments are

shifting their attention from science and technology policy to a focus on research and

innovation policy. Models of the innovation process have evolved over time and are now able

to take into account the many factors outside the firm that affect the ability to innovate and the

rewards from it. Innovation is a socioeconomic process that leads to the observed exponential

growth in value or performance of high priority capabilities. The divergence of innovative

capacity in different societies can be understood in terms of social capital and public policy.
 According to Scherer Bornsman (2006), Technological innovation is the economic

function through which new technologies are introduced into production and consumption. It

entails recognizing new technological possibilities, organizing the human and financial

resources needed to transform them into useful products and processes, and sustaining the

requisite activities. It is important because technological advances have played a key role in

facilitating radically improved standards of living. Innovation is said to be endogenous, it is

responsive to changes in demand and supply conditions. A simple model distinguishing

demand-pull from technology-push innovations is presented. Innovators are usually unable to

capture all of the incremental economic benefits their contributions yield, which can lead to

incentive failures characterized as ‘the appropriability problem.

Foreign Studies

Nowadays many studies regarding advanced technologies help people in their daily

lives, there are smart phones, computers and other technologies that help speed up the life

process, many are now amazed and entertained by the modern technologies that people are

able to do and a lot of learning about it.

Smart locker, which is also named as automated locker, parcel locker, smart/

intelligent box, delivery box, and reception box, has been argued as a sustainable alternative

solution for home delivery to deal with the above challenges. Smart locker can be defined as an

unstaffed, automated box, which is fixed to a wall outside the customer’s home in a secure

place (for example ground floor of buildings, apartment blocks, workplaces, car parks,
railway stations), can be accessed by a key or an electronic code; the final consumer can be

notified of the delivery via mobile phone or email

In the thesis of Anu and Bhatia D (2014), in his paper a access

system using finger print biometric system quotes that

previously for school areas or in locker rooms for school,

traditional lock systems, passwords, etc., were employed.

However, these systems were found to be not perfectly secure.

After advancements in technology RFID cards were used. These

cards however were not much useful for the user due to chances of

getting lost, stolen and forgotten. The purpose of this study is

to provide high security for such high-end security applications.

The aim of this study is to design a smart door access system

using finger print module. The use of this device is to provide

access to only authorized persons. Both hardware and software

technology are used to design it. An emergency beep sound is

provided to protect the system by giving alarm if any

unauthorized person intrudes into the system. An indicator

indicates for any emergency condition. Motors are used for

locking and unlocking the door.

Security of valuables is as paramount as their acquisition.

Valuables ranging from human lives to expensive resources and

sensitive data need to be tightly secured. In this present day

when armed robbery has gotten more sophisticated particularly in

developing countries, there is the need for tighter security

means, and one of the most secured technologies that can be

employed is biometrics, finger print door lock to be precise.

Biometrics is the science and technology of measuring and

analyzing biological data, biometrics measures and analyses human

body characteristics such as example DNA, fingerprint, eye retina

and iris, voice pattern, facial pattern and hand measurement. The

software that drives the microcontroller was done using the C

language on MPLAB compiler, the coding was segmented into various

modules; first, the module that drives the LCD screen, next is

the module that drives the finger print scanner, this instructs

the scanner to first register users and allow the inputted finger

print to be compared with the pre-registered finger prints. The

pre-registered finger prints are saved on the IC registers of the

Micro controller. An alert is sounded whenever a fingerprint that

is not found in the Microcontroller memory is placed on the

scanner as an intruder. The construction of this project was done

in three different stages, the writing of the code (driver) which

controls the Microcontroller using C language, the implementation

of the whole project on a solder-less experiment board, the

soldering of the circuits on Vero-boards and the coupling of the

entire project to the casing. The implementation of this project

was done on the breadboard as a prototype, the power supply was

first derived from a bench power supply in the electronics

laboratory, in all the development guaranteed security for

illegal intrusion of illegal entity to room, the mechanism can be

implemented in a broader sense on a door where a there is

restriction of access.

thod when it comes to security. Biometric is an automated

technique of recognizing a person base on his physical attributes

which includes face, fingerprint, hand geometry, handwriting,

iris, retinal, vein, and voice. Biometric data are considered as

different and distinct from personal information because it

cannot be reverse-engineered to recreate any personal information

and cannot be stolen to attempt theft. Fingerprints are the most

common biometric technology used in many applications or locker

security. The fingerprints recognition and matching, is one of

the simplest ways of verifying a person’s identity. It requires

the imaging and comparison of the print.

Dora Luz Almanza-OjedaAndrés, Hernández-Gutiérrez, Mario

Alberto Ibarra-Manzano, This work presents the design and

implementation of modern locker room access control using radio

frequency identification (RFID). This system controls the

accesses of three different locks and also it checks the access

of each driver. With this system is possible to monitor,

administer and report all the accesses and departs in each

lockers., this information can be available on a Web site. To

this end, a database is generated with the names of the

authorized people for accessing at the parking. A code number is

assigned to each person, which represents the transponder tag

number.

Zeydin PalaN. Inanc, (2013). There has been a considerable

amount of reduction in transaction costs and decrease in stock

shortage with the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

technology in automation. Most of the RFID networks include a

wide range of automation technologies. These technologies are

RFID readers, RFID writers, RFID barcode scanners, RFID smart

sensors and RFID controllers. In this study, a solution has been

provided for the problems encountered in student locker rooms via

RFID technology. RFID readers, RFID labels, computers, barriers

and software are used as for the main components of the RFID

technology. The software has been handled for the management,

controlling, transaction reporting and operation tasks for

parking lots located on various parts of the city. Check-ins and

check-outs of the student modern lockers, will be under control

with RFID readers, labels and barriers. Personnel costs will be

reduced considerably using this technology. It will be possible

to see unmanned, secure, automized modern lockers functioning

with RFID technology in the future. Check-ins and check-outs will

be handled in a fast manner without having to stop the student so

that school problem will be avoided during these processes.

Similarly the study conducted by Gangi and Gollapudi (2013)

entitled "Locker opening and Closing System Using RFID,

fingerprint, password, GSM." had designed and implemented a

locker security system based on the integration of radio

frequency identification (RFID), fingerprints, passwords and

global system for mobile (GSM), technologies that can active,

authenticate and validate the user to unlock the locker for

secure access. In this System, the RFID readers read the ID

numbers first and determine if it is valid. If the ID number is

valid, that is the time that the system gives access to the

fingerprint scanner. Then it will scan the fingerprint, the if it

is matched, then the microcontroller send the password to the

authenticated person mobile number

Related Local Literature and Studies

Nowadays, students’ common struggle is experienced on the

stage of independence, especially those who take bachelor’s

degree, they have this huge amount of paper works, books,

abundant resources that need to be browsed, etc.

Students in universities or institutions thrived for a

solution in which these so-called lockers, were born in which

according to Nuesmart Inc. (2020) believed that lockers made it

easier for students' demand storage to keep their things or

belongings. However, lockers teach students to be responsible

with their personal belongings and the importance of being an

organized individual — A simple lesson that will help them

throughout their lives. Another advantage of having one is that

aside from the safety and security of your properties, it’s

located nearby so that one can leave and take their items

whenever they need them because it’s found within their

university's premises.

Palter, 2020 stated that nowadays, smart technology is any

product with an integrated computer and sensor system that can

monitor itself. Often, that smart product can analyze its own
data automatically. innovation on technologies of some equipment,

machines, etc. progresses through time.

Students do experience struggles. May it be big or small,

stressful, or no big deal at all, they still go through these

unnecessary inconveniences that somehow affect the start of their

day or trigger their frustrations at the end of their shifts.

Some of these small inconveniences can start off from their

things, their belongings, items that they need to help them

function and do their task properly. It can also be their

important paper works, items, or tools that they use to finish

their important projects and assignments. Having these tools,

belongings, and school-related items with them all throughout

their day. Some instances can cause them to forget these items as

they left them somewhere due to rush meetings or minimal leisure

time. Some can also forget these belongings at home. So

basically, simple storage can help these hardworking students to

make their studying life much easier and more convenient.

Perhaps, these innovative technologies will provide students the

ease for a modern and better experience and in storing securing

important papers or belongings.

 Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design, project system’s

development model, the software and other relevant technologies

that will be utilized in the development of this project.

Considering the varieties of single-board computers, this section

will present the appropriate methods that will be used to bring

the best results for a desired output.

Research Design

To answer the questions posted in the chapter I, this study

will utilize the descriptive methods of research as it is the

most suitable design for the study with problems that requires

descriptive analysis. Shuttleworth (2008) posited that

descriptive research design is a scientific method which involves

observing and describing the behavior of a subject without

influencing it in any way.

 On the other hand, in realizing the objectives, this study

will use the A Descriptive Process (Elements of the Design

Process) commonly used in engineering design as follows:

Figure 1. A Descriptive Process (Elements of the Design Process)

Figure 1 shows the descriptive process (elements of the

design process that this project will be undertaken. The said

process has ten progressions as follows: problem identification,

research, requirements specification, concept generalization,

design, prototype and construct, system integration, system test,

delivery and acceptance, maintenance and upgrade.

Problem Identification

The developer of this project will work on solving the

problem relevant to the upgrading of the locker of a student into

a student modern locker. Utilizing the available software and

hardware materials, this project should come into actualization.

This project is set to make a revolution in the security of

student locker. This will be developed in response to the

technological advancement of today with the aim of developing a

student locker that will provide great security features that

will makes student’s property safe. The need of reconfiguring the

student locker in terms of its security provides opportunity to

the developer of this project to actually think and come up to

the decision of undergoing such project without any hesitation.

Research

Considering the problem at hand, every member of this

project provided their input as to how should the project be

developed based on the readings and reviews done. The developers

conducted a review of some studies related to the current study

which allows them to gain meaningful insight and understanding as

to what materials to be used, what programs/codes should be

developed, what module should be used etc. and what steps should

be necessarily undertaken to ensure the functionality of the

output of this project.

Requirements & Specifications

Based on the main intention of this study the following

should be its requirements & Specifications:

Arduino Microcontroller

This project will use the gizDuino version 5 w/ATmega328P.

It is an Arduino clone that is sold locally in the Philippines.

Since the Arduino is open source, this gives manufacturers to use

the hardware design of the Arduino, thus enabling them to create

their own cheaper versions. The gizDuino is cheaper than the

Arduino since it uses cheaper electronic materials. The gizDuino

Version 5 w/ATmega328p comes with a case, and a USB connector.

Internally, it has an ATmega328P integrated chip, which can be

programmed using Arduino IDE (“gizDuino Version 5 w/ATmega328P,”

e-Gizmo” Retrieved for http://www.e-gizmo. com

/KIT/gizduinov.html. on September 14, 2019).

Biometric Security and RFID Card

This project will used biometric security to verify user`s

fingerprint and card to lock and unlock the student locker.

LED

It is light source to see all things inside the student

modern locker even its dark, this project will used LED.

Solenoid Lock

The solenoid lock denotes a latch for electrical locking and

unlocking the student locker.

Buzzer

The buzzer produces sound and is used for alarm in The

student modern locker.

GSM Module

This project will used GSM module that will automatically

send SMS notification to warn student whenever the biometric

security and rfid detects multiple failed attempt.

Programming Technology

Java programming software will be utilized. In developing the

codes of the computer smart system of the student modern locker

will be using the java programming language. The developers of

this project codes/writes a computer instruction for a program

implementation of the project output.

Concept Generation

At this point, the developers of the project will generate

ideas through brainstorming relevant to what and how the project

should be done and should look like including its design and

system that should be integrated.

Design

1. Hardware Design

The hardware design of the project includes the Schematic

Diagram of the main circuit of the system including components of

the student locker.

2. Software Design

The Software design includes flowchart of the system.

 A. Main Process

Figure 6. Main Process of the Student Modern Locker Using Arduino

 Figure 6 shows the flowchart of the main process of the

Student Modern Locker Using Arduino Uno. It demonstrates the full

function of the Student Modern Locker upon opening the power

supply until the end. The main process consists of reading

biometric, rfid, and sending SMS notification to the student.

3. Output Design

The output design includes the Block diagram and the

perspective design of the project.

A. Block Diagram

Figure 7. Block Diagram of the Main Process

 Figure 7 shows the block diagram of the main process of the

Student Modern Locker Using Arduino. The rfid, LED, biometric,

GSM Module, Buzzer and the solenoid lock are directly connected

to the microcontroller and the power supplies, power to run the

microcontroller. Once powered on the microcontroller execute

whatever command is done. The main process is composed of two

process; the process of opening the Student Modern Locker, and

sending SMS notification warning to the student.

B. Perspective Design

Figure 8. The Front View of the Project

Figure 8. The Side View of the Project
 Figure 9. The Bottom View of the Project

Prototype and Construct

After identifying and obtaining all the materials needed to

develop the project, a prototype of the student locker will be

constructed based on the combined design ideas from the sketches

made by the group members and developers. All parts will be

checked systematically to prevent system malfunction.

System Integration

After the construction of the prototype student modern

locker, a system will be integrated to complete the project.

System Test

At this point, student modern locker will be tested and

evaluated by a group of panel to test its functionality,

durability, safety, and usability.

Delivery and Acceptance

At this point, the panelist during the testing will provide

their respective evaluation. An honest evaluation will highly be

acknowledge and accommodated if there is any for the improvement

of the project will be done.

Maintenance and Upgrade

This will be the final phase where the project is already

prepared for its final presentation. Upgrade of the project will

have to be done based on what has been suggested during the

testing.

Respondents of the Study

In this project, the respondents of the study are those that

will rate the prototype student modern locker during the testing.

They should compose of students, locker owners, etc. with a total

number of ten (10).

Data Gathering Instrument

This study/project will use a rating scale to determine the

level of functionality, durability, safety, usability, and

dependability of the project. The rating scale will also include

items that will determine the status of the SMS notification,

alarm system and security of the student modern locker.

Scaling and Quantification

This study will use the following Likert scale to

statistically interpret the assessment of the respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher/developer will secure a permit that will

endorse the testing of the project duly noted by the adviser and
approved by the Dean of the Academic Affairs. Upon the approval

of the permit, the researcher/developer will administer the

rating scale to the respondents.

The data that will be gathered will be manually tallied. It

will be carefully analyzed and interpreted using manual

statistics

Statistical Analysis of Data

The data that will be collected in this study will be treated

using the foregoing statistical tools.

The Weighted Arithmetic Mean x will be used to determine the

average weighted opinion of the respondents. The following

formula will be applied:

Where: x = weighted arithmetic mean

 fx = sum of all products of f and x; where f is the

frequency of each weight and x is the weight

f = sum of all the subjects/respondents