Name: Muhammad Bin Abdullah Kaludi ERP: 18349 Date: 25/4/2020

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

In the following multiple-choice questions, please circle the correct answer.

1. If a researcher takes a large enough sample, he/she will almost always obtain:

a. virtually significant results

b. practically significant results
c. consequentially significant results
d. statistically significant results

2. The null and alternative hypotheses divide all possibilities into:

a. two sets that overlap

b. two non-overlapping sets
c. two sets that may or may not overlap
d. as many sets as necessary to cover all possibilities

3. Which of the following is true of the null and alternative hypotheses?

a. Exactly one hypothesis must be true

b. both hypotheses must be true
c. It is possible for both hypotheses to be true
d. It is possible for neither hypothesis to be true

4. One-tailed alternatives are phrased in terms of:

a. 
b. < or >
c.  or =
d.  or 

5. A type II error occurs when:

a. the null hypothesis is incorrectly accepted when it is false

b. the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected when it is true
c. the sample mean differs from the population mean
d. the test is biased

6. Of type I and type II error, which is traditionally regarded as more serious?

a. Type I
b. Type II
c. They are equally serious
d. Neither is serious

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7. You conduct a hypothesis test and you observe values for the sample mean and
sample standard deviation when n = 25 that do not lead to the rejection of H 0 .
You calculate a p-value of 0.0667. What will happen to the p-value if you observe
the same sample mean and standard deviation for a sample > 25?

a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. Stay the same
d. May either increase or decrease

8. The form of the alternative hypothesis can be:

a. one-tailed
b. two-tailed
c. neither one nor two-tailed
d. one or two-tailed

9. A two-tailed test is one where:

a. results in only one direction can lead to rejection of the null hypothesis
b. negative sample means lead to rejection of the null hypothesis
c. results in either of two directions can lead to rejection of the null hypothesis
d. no results lead to the rejection of the null hypothesis

10. The value set for  is known as:

a. the rejection level

b. the acceptance level
c. the significance level
d. the error in the hypothesis test

11. The null hypothesis usually represents:

a. the theory the researcher would like to prove.

b. the preconceived ideas of the researcher
c. the perceptions of the sample population
d. the status quo

12. In statistical analysis, the burden of proof lies traditionally with:

a. the alternative hypothesis

b. the null hypothesis
c. the analyst
d. the facts

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13. When one refers to “how significant” the sample evidence is, he/she is referring to
the:

a. value of 
b. the importance of the sample
c. the p-value
d. the F-ratio

14. Which of the following values is not typically used for  ?

a. 0.01
b. 0.05
c. 0.10
d. 0.25

15. Smaller p-values indicate more evidence in support of:

a. the null hypothesis

b. the alternative hypothesis
c. the quality of the researcher
d. further testing

16. The hypothesis that an analyst is trying to prove is called the:

a. elective hypothesis
b. alternative hypothesis
c. optional hypothesis
d. null hypothesis

17. A p-value is considered “convincing” if it is:

a. less than 0.01

b. between 0.01 and 0.05
c. 0.05 and 0.10
d. greater than 0.10

18. A null hypothesis can only be rejected at the 5% significance level if and only if:

a. a 95% confidence interval includes the hypothesized value of the parameter

b. a 95% confidence interval does not include the hypothesized value of the
parameter
c. the null hypothesis is void
d. the null hypotheses includes sampling error

19. The alternative hypothesis is also known as the:

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 a. elective hypothesis
b. optional hypothesis
c. research hypothesis
d. null hypothesis

20. If a teacher is trying to prove that new method of teaching math is more effective
than traditional one, he/she will conduct a:

a. one-tailed test
b. two-tailed test
c. point estimate of the population parameter
d. confidence interval

21. A type I error occurs when:

a. the null hypothesis is incorrectly accepted when it is false

b. the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected when it is true
c. the sample mean differs from the population mean
d. the test is biased

22. Suppose that we observe a random sample of size n from a normally distributed
population. If we are able to reject H 0 :   0 in favor of H a :   0 at the 5%
significance level, is it true that we can definitely reject H 0 in favor of the
appropriate one-tailed alternative at the 2.5% significance level? Why or why
not?
ANSWER:
The 5% significance level value is -1.645 and 2.5% significance level value
would be -1.96. Suppose the p value comes to be -1.7, then we can reject the null
hypothesis on 5% significance level as it is less than -1.645, but we cannot reject
it on 2.5% significance level as it is greater than -1.96. Hence, it is not true that
we can reject Ho at the 2.5% significance level.

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QUESTIONS 23 AND 24 ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:

Two teams of workers assemble automobile engines at a manufacturing plant in

Michigan. A random sample of 145 assemblies from team 1 shows 15 unacceptable
assemblies. A similar random sample of 125 assemblies from team 2 shows 8
unacceptable assemblies.

23. Construct a 90% confidence interval for the difference between the proportions of
unacceptable assemblies generated by the two teams.

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 ANSWER: n1 = 145, n2 = 125;
P1 = 15/145 = 0.1034;
P2 = 8/125 = 0.064

Calculate SE –
P= (15+8)/ (145+125) = 0.085
Q= 1-0.085= 0.915
__________________________
SE= √ 0.915 * 0.085((1/145) + (1/125))
=0.034

(P1 – P2) +/-Z SE (P1-P2) = 0.0334 +/-0.0549

Therefore:
Lower Limit = - 0.0155
Upper Limit = 0.0943

24. Based on the confidence interval constructed in Question 38, is there sufficient
evidence to conclude, at the 10% significance level, that the two teams differ with
respect to their proportions of unacceptable assemblies?

ANSWER: No, As the C.I includes the value 0 we cannot reject null hypothesis.

41. Suppose that you are asked to test H 0 :   100 versus H a :   100 at the  =
0.05 significance level. Furthermore, suppose that you observe values of the
sample mean and sample standard deviation when n = 50 that lead to the rejection
of H 0 . Is it true that you might fail to reject H 0 if you were to observe the same
values of the sample mean and standard deviation from a sample with n > 50?
Why or why not?

ANSWER:
No, The standard deviation of the sample mean stays the same when n increases,
the standard error will decrease.
Therefore, the test static will become more significant.
If we reject Ho with n = 50 we will continue to reject with n>50.

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