GIS

Semester Project (Part - 01)

(GROUP-1 / SECTION-2)

Talha Jaffar BCE193001

Shafqat Hussain BCE193007

Haroon Ahmed BCE193005

Ismail Asjid BCE193002

Jamshed Hikmat BCE193011

Submitted To:

Engr. Waqas Malik

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING CAPITAL

UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN
Contents
1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................3
2 What is urbanization?..........................................................................................................................3
3 Islamabad Map....................................................................................................................................3
4 Zones of Islamabad..............................................................................................................................4
4.1 Zone 1..........................................................................................................................................4
4.2 Zone-2..........................................................................................................................................5
4.3 Zone –3........................................................................................................................................5
4.4 Zone-4..........................................................................................................................................6
4.5 Zone-5..........................................................................................................................................6
5 AREA of Islamabad...............................................................................................................................7
6 Analysis based on census.....................................................................................................................7
6.1 Population Census-2017..............................................................................................................7
7 Analysis by Google Earth.....................................................................................................................9
8 ARC MAP AYALYSIS............................................................................................................................13
9 Future Predictions.............................................................................................................................18
Islamabad Urban Area Population Projections......................................................................................18
10 Urban flooding in Islamabad recently............................................................................................18
11 Propose a sustainable solution......................................................................................................18
11.1 Provision of essential services...................................................................................................18
11.2 Creation of more Jobs................................................................................................................19
12 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................19
13 References.....................................................................................................................................20

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Figure 1........................................................................................................................................................5
Figure 2........................................................................................................................................................5
Figure 3........................................................................................................................................................6
Figure 4........................................................................................................................................................6
Figure 5........................................................................................................................................................7
Figure 6........................................................................................................................................................8
Figure 7........................................................................................................................................................9
Figure 8......................................................................................................................................................10
Figure 9......................................................................................................................................................10
Figure 10....................................................................................................................................................11
Figure 11....................................................................................................................................................11
Figure 12....................................................................................................................................................12
Figure 13....................................................................................................................................................12
Figure 14....................................................................................................................................................13
Figure 15....................................................................................................................................................13
Figure 16....................................................................................................................................................14
Figure 17....................................................................................................................................................14

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1 Introduction
We were allocated the task of reviewing the extent of urbanization for Islamabad within the time
span of 10 years by using the tools of Geoinformatics. We also have to propose an appropriate
solution to decrease the adverse impacts of urbanization. According to a research, by the year
2050, 68% of the globe population goes to measure in urban areas. Urbanization is attractive to
several rural citizens for several opportunities it creates in upgrades the standards of life.
Urbanization becomes specially apparent when it involves public transportation systems, electric
systems, parking managements, food and water requirements.

2 What is urbanization?
Urbanization accurately means the shift of population from rural to urban areas. It also includes
the corresponding decrease within the proportion of people living in rural areas and therefore
ways within which societies adapt to the present change. One in every of the foremost important
factor that causes urbanization is Industrial growth. More and more industries and
manufacturing enterprises in an urban area give rise to more employment opportunities.
Modernization is taken into account to be another major reason in cause of urbanization. New
technology upgrades the infrastructure of urban areas. Urbanization includes a few positive
effects on the society like economic development, education. On the opposite hand it also
features a few disadvantages that include stresses on existing infrastructure and social services,
crime, drug abuse, prostitution etc.

3 Islamabad Map

Figure 1

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4 Zones of Islamabad

The area of Islamabad is 906.50 square kilometers. An extra 3626 square kilo meters area is
known as the Specified Area, with the Margalla Hills in the north and northeast. Islamabad lies at
an altitude starting from 457 to 610 meters. Islamabad city is isolated into five major zones:
Zone I, Zone II, Zone III, Zone IV, & Zone V. Zone IV is the largest with respect to area.
Zone I is the largest with respect to residential area. Zone 1 is split into sectors. Each residential
sector is identified by a letter and a number, it covers a section of approximately 2 km × 2 km.

Figure 2

4.1 Zone 1

Zone 1 covers a region of 54,958 acres. It is the foremost beautiful, organized and exquisite
part of Islamabad with major sector in it including I-8 to I-13, H-8 to H-13, G -5 to G-14, F- 6
to F -14 and also the unacquired rural area of Golra village. Excluding some undeveloped
sectors, most of the investors consider Zone 1 as the safest investment in Islamabad real estate
sector.

Figure 3

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4.2 Zone-2

Zone 2, with a section of 9804 acres, is connected with zone 1 and enjoys a chief location.
Until recently, the development pace here was slow. Some big names like JKCHS and
MPCHS also are performing on different projects in Zone 2. With New Islamabad
International Airport in close proximity, motorway on one side and the GT road on the other,
Zone 2 is the second most precious investment zone in the city. The zone consists of a locality
bounded by G.T. road in the north & north east, north of Shahrah-e-Kashmir and Capital limits
within the west, comprising residential sectors G-15 (part), G-16, G-17, F-15 (part), F-16, F-17,
E-15 (part), E-16, E-17, D-16, D-17, C17, AND B-17.

Figure 4

4.3 Zone –3

Zone 3 (50393 acres) is one of the most beautiful areas of Islamabad. Tourist attractions like
Daman-e-Koh and Peer Sohawa are located in this zone. CDA has restricted residential and
commercial schemes in zone 3, which is why this Zone has been able to maintain its rustic
charm and serene ambiance. Some old villages of Margalla Hills including Saidpur, Shah
Allah Ditta and Talhar are a part of this zone. Margallah Hills Park as notified under section 21
of the Islamabad Wild Life (Protection, Preservation, Conservation & Management) Ordinance.

Figure 5

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4.4 Zone-4

Zone 4 is spread over an area of 69814 acres and is by far the largest zone of Islamabad.
Shahzad town, Bani gala and Bahria Enclave are located in Zone 4. Rawal Lake and Simli
Dam Lake are also located here. According to the CDA master plan, this zone was reserved
for agro farms and to stay it that way, authorities have decided that no other residential
scheme would be launched in this zone. This zone contains Islamabad Park and rural periphery
stuck between Murree road towards north and Lehtrar road towards south and lengthening
beyond Simly road up to the ICT limits in the north east. This zone excludes the part of
Margallah Hills National Park and Rawal Lake.

Figure 6

4.5 Zone-5

Zone 5 (39029 acres) was developed right after the development of CDA’s zone 1 because of
its close proximity with the old airport.It quickly became a highly populated zone. CDA had
approved several private and cooperative housing schemes for Zone 5 and some of the famous
ones here include Bahria town, PWD and Defence Housing Authority. This zone comprises

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areas falling south of Islamabad Park and increasing upto outer limits of ICT towards south,
south west and south east.

Figure 7

5 AREA of Islamabad

The area of Islamabad is 906.50 square kilometers, an extra 3626 square kilometers area is
known as the Specified Area, with the Margala Hills in the north and northeast.

Total Area 906.50 sq. km

Islamabad Urban Area 220.15 sq. km
Islamabad Rural Area 466.20 sq. km
Islamabad Park 220.15 sq. km

6 Analysis based on census

6.1 Population Census-2017

The composition of a population and its distribution is measured by Population census. The 6th
National Population and Housing Census was held in Pakistan after a span of about 19 years.
The census was undertaken in two phases first from 15th March to 15th April, 2017 and the
second from 25th April to 25th May, 2017. Its provisional results have been released. The census
data will be helpful for government and planners in decision making, planning and making

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strategy for population control. The census data gives ratio of male to female and also gives
population estimation of urban and rural areas. The national population census will play an
important role for the resource allocation formula under National Finance Commission Award
(NFCA).

Figure 8

Figure 9

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 Figure 10

7 Analysis by Google Earth

After critically analyzing through Google Earth we find that the urbanization of Islamabad
increasing towards zone 4. This is rural area of Islamabad according to the CDA.

Image of Islamabad

Figure 11

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Image 2010 Zone 4

Figure 12

Image 2011 Zone 4

Figure 13

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 Image 2012 Zone 4

Figure 14

Image 2010 Zone 4

Figure 15

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Image 2010 Zone 4

Figure 16

Image 2020 Zone 4

Figure 17

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8 ARC MAP AYALYSIS
After analyzing from Google Earth and senses, the digitize map of Islamabad has been made
using GIS ARC MAP. So the change can be made in future if required.

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9 Future Predictions

Islamabad Urban Area Population Projections

Year Population
2022 1,198,000
2023 1,232,000
2024 1,267,000
2025 1,301,000
2026 1,336,000
2027 1,370,000
2028 1,405,000
2029 1,441,000
2030 1,477,000
2031 1,514,000
2032 1,552,000
2033 1,591,000
2034 1,631,000

10 Urban flooding in Islamabad recently

On 28 July 2021 heavy rains started after the cloudburst in Islamabad, that caused flood
situation in many parts of the federal capital and killed 2 people. Water entered into the basement
of houses and many vehicles were drowned in Sector E-11, F-10 and D-12. Weather station in E-
11/4 Islamabad recorded 116mm of rain in those areas. According to an authority, the flooding in
Sector E-11-2 was caused due to the construction of a road over a stormwater drain. The drain
collapsed because of the illegally-built road and the overflowing rainwater entered houses.

11 Propose a sustainable solution

11.1 Provision of essential services

The essential services such as healthcare, education, energy, transportation, communication and
technology in rural areas will give a better quality of life and job opportunities to the people so
that they can earn their way of living in rural areas. This will result in the decrease of
urbanization.

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11.2 Creation of more Jobs

The negative effects of urbanization can be decreased by creating more and more job
opportunities to the habitants of rural areas. This can be done by utilizing our natural resources
such as tourism promotion etc.

Population control

Responsible people in urban areas must provide campaigns and counseling for medical health
clinics and family planning to help reduce the high rates of population growth.

12 Conclusion
By analyzing all the data with the help of Google Earth and ArcGIS, it is concluded that in Zone
IV the urbanization is increasing at an alarming rate because this zone includes few rural villages
such as Lohi Bhair Village. People are settling in these areas as the cost of living is much lower
than other zones of Islamabad. Moreover, in Zone I, II, III and V, the urbanization is not
increasing that much because these zones are much costlier than zone IV and standard of living
is very high. Further, these zones are under CDA control and CDA is taking proper measures and
planning to control urbanization. Therefore, the growth of urbanization is controlled in these four
zones.

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13 References

[1]. PAKISTAN BURE OF STATISTICS. (2021,11). Population Census-2017. PBS. https://www.pbs.gov.pk

[2]. CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY. (2021,11). Facts & Statistics. CDA. https://www.cda.gov.pk

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