ENGLISH: 3rd ESO 17-18

CONTENTS

1.FUTURE TENSES:

 WILL (SIMPLE FUTURE)

 BE GOING TO
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS (Feature meaning)
2. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES:
 Zero conditional
 1st conditional
 2nd conditional
 3rd conditional

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1. FUTURE TENSE
1.A. WILL (Simple Future)
Affirmative:
Subject + WILL +Infinitive + Complements
Ex: I will be a doctor in the future
She will be a teacher one day.
We will travel to Paris one day.

Negative:

Subject + WON’T + Infinitive + Complements

Ex: I won’t go out tonight.
He won’t stay with us tonight.

Interrogative:
WILL + Subject + Infinitive + Complements
Ex: Will you come to the party with me?
Will he go out tonight?

Short answers:
- Aff: Yes, + Subject + will
- Neg: No, + Subject + won’t

 USE: We use WILL to express:

 Spontaneous decisions:
Ex: The phone is ringing. I’ll answer it.
 Predictions based on what we think it will happen:
Ex: I’ll will be an astronaut one day.
 Promises and offers:
Ex: I promise I will do my best to pass this exam.
 With the verbs: HOPE, THINK, BELIEVE,
EXPECT...
Ex: I believe I will pass the exam.
I hope she will come to the party.
 With the following expressions: “I’m sure”, “I’m
afraid”.
Ex: I’m afraid I won’t pass the driving test.

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 TIME EXPRESSIONS:
Tomorrow, in a little while, the day after tomorrow, in two/
three day’s time, next week / month / year . soon, tonight,
this evening, in a week / month / tear...

1) Read and complete the gaps with will(‘ll) / won’t and

the correct form of the verbs. Then mark them as a, b or c.

HELP - CLOSE – DRINK – GO – LIVE - BE (x2) – COME

a) Prediction based on what we think or imagine.
b) A promise
c) Spontaneous decision

1. I’m thirsty. I ......................... a glass of water.

2. People ........................ on the moon in 2080.
3. Don’t worry. I ......................... you with your homework.
4. I’m so tired! I ........................... to bed.
5. It’s really cold in this room. I ...................... the window.
6. I’m sure he ............................. to the party.
7. I expect Harry ............................. late.
8. Sonia loves painting. She .............................. a great painter
one day.

2) Answer the following questions about yourself. Give full

answers.
1. Where will you live in ten years’ time?
2. Where will you be at 9 am tomorrow?
3. How old will you be in 7 years?
4. Where will you go next summer?
5. What will you be when you grow up?

3) Write sentences about what Pedro will do when he goes back to

Mexico.
1. He / go back to school. ✔
2. He / take a vacation. ✘
3. He / send lots of e-mails. ✔
4. I think he / see his friends. ✔
5. I’m sure he / forget his time in the U.S. ✘

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4) Complete the sentences with will in interrogative form:

a) (you / go / to the party) ________________________________ ?

b) (James / open / the window) ________________________________ ?

c) (your mother / cook / a cake) ________________________________ ?

d) (she / get / married) ________________________________ ?

e) (you / help / me / with my homework) ______________________?

f) (What / we / eat) ________________________________ ?

g) (When / Megan / be / famous) ________________________?

5) Choose the correct form.

1. Don't leave your keys on the table. You will / won't forget it.
2. If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will / won't take our umbrellas.
3. Susan will / won't like it if you come late.
4. Anna will / won't be on holiday next week. But she promised to
write to us.
5. I'm told you are ill. I hope you will / won't feel better again.

1.b. BE GOING TO
FORM:

Affirmative:

Subject + AM/ IS / ARE + GOING TO + Infinitive + Compl.

Ex: I am going to study Language this afternoon.

He is going to the supermarket this afternoon.

Negative:

Subj. + AM NOT /ISN’T/ AREN’T + GOING TO +Infinitive + Comp.

Ex: I’m not going to study Maths this afternoon.

He isn’t going to University next course.

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Interrogative:
AM/ IS/ ARE + Subject + GOING TO + Infinitive + Compl?
Ex: Are you going to cook pasta?

Short answers:

Aff: Yes, + subject + AM/ IS / ARE

Neg: No, + subject + AM NOT / ISN’T / AREN’T

 USE: We use “Be Going to “ to talk about:

 Plans and intentions:
Ex: I’m good at Science. I’m going to study Chemistry.
 Predictions based on evidence:
Ex: Look at those black clouds! It is going to rain.
 TIME EXPRESSIONS:
In a little while, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in two/ three
days’ time, next week/ month / year, tonight, soon, this evening, in a
week/month/ year...

6) Write the sentences using `going to´.

1. I / buy an MP4 player. _______________________________________
2. They / not / wear jeans on Saturday. __________________________
3. You / not / stay in Oxford. ____________________________________
4. He / do an exam tomorrow. ___________________________________
5. Sally / not / invite Mark to her party.__________________________

7) Write questions and short answers about the weekend plans of Jose,
Eli and Rafa.
1. Eli and Rafa / get up early on Saturday? _________________ No, ___________
2. Jose / play tennis in the morning? _______________________Yes, ___________
3. Jose / watch a DVD on Saturday? ________________________No, ____________
4. Rafa / get up early on Saturday? ________________________ No, ____________
5. Rafa and Eli / do any homework on Sunday? _____________Yes, ___________

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8) Use the “Be going to” form to complete the sentences.

1. __________ you __________ school on Friday?
2. Next week you __________ use the computer.
3. You __________ (not) use the internet.
4. We __________ finish at three o´clock.
5. Chris __________ design websites.
6. Eli __________ be a film director.

9) Write questions in going to future.

1. (he / cook dinner / tonight)

2. (you / run / in the race)

3. (they / climb / that mountain)

4. (she / exercise / at the gym / in the afternoon)

5. (you / carry / that heavy box)

10) Complete the sentences with the correct form of WILL

or GOING TO and the verbs in brackets.
1.- When we get home, we ___________ (have) dinner.
2.- I know they ___________ (feel) very happy if they win the match.
3.- They’ve already decided on their next summer holiday. They
____________ (do) a tour of Norway.
4.- She thinks that the Take That concert __________ (be) really exciting.
5.- “What are your plans for this evening?” I ________ (meet) my friends and
then go to a birthday party.
6.- If you revise for the exam , I’m sure you ________ (get) a good result.
7.- The weather forecast is good for the next few days. It _________ (be) very
sunny.
8.- I can’t come on the march tomorrow. I ___________ (look after) my
cousins.
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9.- In the future, I think humans ___________ (wipe out) many different
species.
10.-He is buying some butter and eggs because he _________ (make) a cake
later.
11.- This homework is very easy. I know we __________ (do) it very quickly.
12.- In five years time, I _____________ (be) at university.
13.- She wants to get her mum a birthday present. But she _____________
(not buy) it today.
14.- Their suitcases are packed. They ______________ (go) on holiday.
15.- If we go to Paris, we ____________ (take) lots of pictures.

11) Put the correct words into the sentences will/ going to / won’t/
not going to.
1. I’m _______________ to college today.
2. I’m _______________ to college today because it’s raining.
3. John ________ be at work today. He’s sick.
4. Next week we are __________ on holiday.
5. I _____ see you next week. Take care.
6. I’m _________ shopping tomorrow.
7. We are ________ shopping in Leeds at the weekend.
8. The doctor ______ see you at 5 o’clock.
9. I ________help you paint your house.
10. I _______ see you next week because tomorrow I ________ on holiday.

1.c. PRESENT CONTINUOUS (FUTURE MEANING)

The present continuous is used to talk about arrangements or plans for
events at a time later than now. There is a suggestion that more than one
person is aware of the event, and that some preparation has already
happened.

Ex: I'm meeting Jim at the airport = Jim and I have discussed this.
I am leaving tomorrow. = I've already bought my train ticket.

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2.CONDITIONALS

IF Clause Main Clause (Result) USE

IF/ WHEN + PRESENT SIMPLE It always happens

PRESENT SIMPLE (100%)
ZERO
General ttruths
CONDITIONAL
Ex: If / When you mix red and yellow, you get
orange
orange.

IF + - Pres. Simple -Future A real situation. It’s

likely to happen in the
-Pres. Cont - Imperative present or in the
future.
1st -Pres. Perfect -Can / must/ could /
may/ might/ should/
CONDITIONAL -Pres.Perf Cont. could +Infinitive
(without TO)
PRESENT/ REAL
FUTURE

Ex: If I see Sarah I will ask her to call you.

If you see Sarah, tell her to call me.

If you finish your homework, you can watch TV.

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If he has finished his homework, he can watch TV.

IF+ - Past Simple would/ could/ might/ Non real

situation,hypothetic.
2ND -Past Continuous
+ Infinitive( without
TO) It’s also used to give
CONDITIONAL an advice.

Ex: I had time, I would play a sport.

If I finished on time, I could go with you.

If I were you, I would speak to the teacher.

3RD IF + PAST PERFECT WOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

CONDITIONAL
It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine
the result of this situation. It’s not possible to happen now.

Ex: If she had studied, she would have passed the

exam.
(but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't
pass)

 We can use UNLESS instead of IF... NOT in 1st Conditional. When

we use UNLESS the verb is always in the affirmative form.
Ex: Unless you study hard, you won’t pass your test.
If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass your test.
 We can use WERE or WAS for the 1st person singular in the IF
clause in the 2nd Conditional.
Ex: If she were / was here, she could tell us what to do.

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1) Match column A with column B in order to make correct

type 0 conditional sentences. Write the sentences on your notebook.
A B
a. they die
1. Sun shines

2. Mix black and white b. show melts

c. it becomes ice
3. Burn yourself
d. you get grey
4. Freeze water
e. it hurts
5. Not water plants
f. you start shivering
6. Get cold

Ex: If / When the sun shines, snow melts.

2) Use the words to write sentences, as in the examples:

1. The temperature/ falls below 0º C / water freezes.
If the temperature falls below 0ºC, water freezes.
2. You / not refrigerate milk/ it go off
3. You / heat cheese/ it melt
4. You / eat too much junk food / you put on weight
5. You / put salt on ice / it melt
6. You / not get enough sleep / you feel tired
7.
3) Fill in the gaps with IF or UNLESS:
1. I’ll call you if I need help with the exercise.
2. She’ll be disappointed .............you don’t invite her to the party.
3. ................. she phones, we’ll leave without her.
4. ................. you hurry,we’ll be late for work.
5. ................. you behave yourself, you won’t go to the cinema tonight.
6. I can’t tidy up the flat ................... you help me.
7. I’ll speak to Sandra ............ I have any questions.

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First vs. Zero Conditional:

The first conditional describes a particular situation, whereas the zero

conditional describes what happens in general.For example:

-Zero Condit: If you heat chocolate, it melts. (Present S. + Present S.)

(General situation)
-1st Cond: If you study hard for your Maths exam, you will pass it.
(Present S + WILL Future)
(Particular situation)

2nd CONDITIONAL

FORM: [If + Past Simple ] + [would + Infinitive]

The Second Conditional refers to an unreal (or very unlikely) situation in

the PRESENT time. The most confusing thing about the second conditional
is that we use the PAST TENSE in the “if” clause, even though we’re
referring to the PRESENT! Read the following example:

 If I were rich, I would travel all over the world.

This means I am not rich at the PRESENT.

*Note that this "simple past" form is slightly different from usual in the case
of the verb BE. Whatever the subject, the verb form is "were", not "was": If I
were rich, I'd buy a big house.

First vs. Second Conditional:

The first conditional describes things that I think are likely to happen in the
future, whereas the second conditional talks about things that I don't think
will really happen. It's subjective; it depends on my point of view.

For example:

-1st Cond: If it rains, we won’t go to the beach.

-2nd Cond: If I won the lottery I would travel all over the world.

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EXERCISES 2nd COND.

4) Complete the sentences with the correct for each verb in brackets.
1. If Joe (be) here, he (catch) some fish for supper.
2. It (be) nice if the rain (stop)!

3. I (sing) you a song if I (have) my guitar.

4. If I (have) a better sleeping bag, I (not feel) so cold.

5. If this tent (be) any smaller, one of us (have to sleep)

outside!
6. I (look) out for bears if I (be) you!

7. If I (not be) so hungry, I (share) my beans with you.

5) Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:

1. If I ...................(be) you, I ....................(call) the police
immediately.
2. If we .......................(have) a car, we ...................(visit) John and
Karen in Wales.
3. She.......................(be) happier if she (live) close to her parents.
4. They .........................(buy) their own flat if they ...................(have)
the money.
5. Jane ....................(help) you if you .............(ask) her.
6. If I .....................(be) you,I ......................(paint) the room blue.
7. I ......................(cook) for you if I ..................(have) some free time.
8. He ..........................(send) her a birthday card if there ...........(be)
a postal strike.
6) Choose one of the phrases from the list to say what you
would do in each situation:
1. You have a bad cough
2. You find a wallet with a lot of money
3. You find a child lost in the street
4. You win the lottery

7) Do this online exercise:

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/2cond1
.htm

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8) Complete the sentences with the words in brackets.

1 What would you do if you .....................(win) lots of money?
2 If I were you, I’d ...................(stay) at home tonight.
3 If I ........................(see) a crime happening, I would phone the
police.
4 What would you do if you ...................(forget) something very
important?
5 If I .......................... (pass) all my exams, I would be so happy.
6 What would your mother ................ (think) if you didn’t go home
tonight?

9) Match the beginnings of the sentences to the correct

endings, to make logical conditional sentences.
1. If I were taller, a. … if I thought he really loved me.

b. … you lost your job?

2. I'd buy a new computer…
c. … if you apologized.
3. How would you feel if…
d. … I'd come to the party with you.
4. If you could visit any country in the
world,
e. … if he knew about the theft.
5. He'd be really upset…
f. … I wouldn't have to wear high
6. I'd marry him tomorrow…
heeled shoes

g. … if I had enough money.

7. I'd forgive you…

8. If I didn't feel so ill, h. … where would you go?

10) Translate the sentences in the exercise above.

11) Put the verbs into the right tense so as to form the 2nd Conditional.

1. If you……………… (study) more you ………………… (have) better marks.

2. If we ………................ (have) money, we ……............. (buy) a new car.
3. If he …………….... (sleep) more hours, he ................... (not/be) so tired.
4. If I …………… (be) you, I ……………… (visit) a doctor.
5. If they ………….. (not/be) so rich, they ………..... (have to) find a job.
6. If dad ………........ (finish) early, we …………........... (go) to the cinema.

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7. If I ……......… (have) a better memory I ……...……(study) to become a

doctor.
8. If my car ………………. (be) stolen I ………………… (report) it to the
police.
9. If you …………… (love) me you ………………… (not/leave) me.
10. If I ………....... (won) the lottery I ……………... (travel) around the
world.

12) Write type 2 conditional sentences for the following situations.

Ex: I don’t want to eat because I’m not hungry
If were hungry I would eat.

1. I can’t come to the beach with you because I have to do my homework.

…………………………………………………………………………………….......
2. I won’t invite him to the party because he is so rude.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
3. I won’t go to the cinema because I don’t like the film.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. I can’t give you a lift because I don’t have a car.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. She won’t cook for us because she doesn’t have time
……………………………………………………………………………………….
6. We won’t buy this computer because we can’t afford it.
........................................................................................................................

3RD
CONDITIONAL
With the third conditional we talk about the past. We talk about a
condition in the past that did not happen. That is why there is no possibility
for this condition. The third conditional is also like a dream, but with no
possibility of the dream coming true.

Ex: Last week you bought a lottery ticket. But you did not win. :-(

if condition result

Past Perfect would have + past participle

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if condition result

Past Perfect would have + past participle

If I had won the lottery, I would have bought a car.

We use the Past Perfect tense to talk about the impossible past condition.
We use would have + past participle to talk about the impossible past
result. The important thing about the third conditional is that both the
condition and result are impossible now.

13) Complete the sentences with the 3rd conditional of the verbs:

1. If you _____________(not / be) late, we ____________ (not / miss) the bus.

2. If she ______________ (study), she ______________ (pass) the exam.

3. If we ______________ (arrive) earlier, we ______________ (see) John.

4. If they _________(go) to bed early, they ___________(not / wake) up late.

5. If he ____________(become) a musician, he ______________ (record) a CD.

6. If she ___________ (go) to art school, she _________(become) a painter.

7. If I ______________ (be) born in a different country, I ______________

(learn) to speak a different language.

8. If she ___________ (go) to university, she ______________ (study) French.

9. If we __________ (not / go) to the party, we ____________(not / meet) them.

10. If he ______________ (take) the job, he ____________(not / go) travelling.

14) Rewrite the sentences and use the third conditional. Keep the
same meaning.
Ex: My car was out of order. I did not drive her there.

If my car had not been out of order, I would have driven her there.

1. She did not give me her phone number. I could not call her.
If she ................................me her phone number, I could have called her.

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2. He was at work. He could not go with us.

If he had not been at work, he ........................................ with us.

3. My dad did not buy any sugar. My mum did not make any cake.

If my dad ..................... some sugar, my mum would have made some cake.

4. I travelled around the world because I won the lottery.

I wouldn't have travelled round the world if I ............................ the lottery.

5. We did not have enough money. We could not afford to eat in restaurants.
If we ......................enough money, we could have afforded to eat in restaurants.

15) Complete with the verbs in the correct form. What type of
conditional is each sentence?
1. If it rains, the boys hockey.
2. If he his own vegetables, he wouldn't have to buy
them.
3. Jim whisky distilleries if he travelled to
Scotland.
4. Would you go out more often if you so much
in the house?
5. She wouldn't have yawned the whole day if
she late last night.
6. If you a minute, I'll come with you.
7. If we arrived at 10, we Tyler's presentation.
8. We John if we'd known about his problems.
9. If they new batteries, their camera would have
worked correctly.
10. If I went anywhere, it New Zealand.

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