Metallurgy

eyes strain Bonino

Connectivity no son
speed slow

tealX
concentration L

gnteraction

Metallurgy an stement from its ore

It is the Process of Extraction of

hayed

l Extraction of
Ca s an stearcut
is done
Economically
compound in which
he
sh YwYm mi ones are minerals CTIA
All minerals are orcs TIF
X
 oacio the subset of mineral

mi
Proassofaxtraction

mining
puivion lavishing
g gg
One Crusher
snaps.ws ysFinePaecticI
Pulverised Ore

Dt
a

mais

O 0
Imaginings
Fania cfmvr.se
 mining
Pulverisation gmp

Red
Reduction metal oxide memo

pafining1lwitwtm9quueatajgMhf mata.d

concentration

physical chemical
heated
Treated
Hydraulic washing teaching
Gravity Sephalion Haus Process

magma separation IBgzg.susnopmfas

froth Flotation MacArthur Forest

cgm.deProcesses

Forty
 trying GravilysepnT
Am
y.gurerised.me
thorny hydhwaty

Magnetic separation

i
i.to

EEE w Pyhohesit Mnoz

Amp
Nm May
Mag

Magnetite

Fesfag any
Chromite ore

Feo 6203
Imp
Non
Mag May

Tinstone

memoir t
Nonmagnetic wolframite concentration

Fewop a
Magnetic
Concentrate Tailings
Gangue

Mtn
Tior Impunity
May Norway

Frothflotationtrourst

1 ÉE
m
Eucalyptus
camphoroil

FrothingAgent
fess collectors
 Sulphide Frotnflotation

stabber Ihinfiimo
Frothingagent
hhiMmapY
y which helps in
froth
y stablizing the
froth
hydrophobic
srqhu

O ma.ie

to

my

loan
ThoseahetTcompounds

I
O
titanium re
particles on the

g
Bubble
p.FI e

hydrophobic Nature
 Galang t hsifes

HIM
W

Depressants

UH naw
tooooo
Heavy
And will settle down
attubolton

Fes t Felon z
Moiety Fox

Heavy
Settledown at the

en en t lent
i
 Nahh tenson msontna.ae
Activate Egypt I
Nastailenita
is used as an activator forms
Msoy

T.aiuaaaaeivaoetoef.si

mixture

to
É sand
treat
t
is
sugar tho mixing Physicalmix

Hallstrots
Applicable for red Bauxite
Narcos is teaching agent
 03 1 20345 1 N9263

at
Na Al Oz 27h04 FezOz Solid Coat
9ms
f
Glass tho
filth

NaAl
Lf thesidue
y

At
z
too Ah

Bayeedsins

aol.name son
FI Aziz
Finally Alumina Ah03
 Serpa's Process

white Bauxite

Coke powder in Presence of checkout of Nitrogen is

used as beaching agent

Finally Alumina Alsos

Solid Current of
Ahoy 21h0 Sig e
guy Mr
white Bauxite
1

AIN t sit 21h04 co

tsgh
Add hot Naoh
MNT tho
f
MHz MB
I followedbyadding Hw

AK

Finally Abad
MacAurtherforestynideterous s

Applicable for and Ago

0.54 Nan Sohn teaching Agent

mm

E
iI.IE

Ages Solid

Énast SI

Addle

Fights
Impure As
Solid

nastier T
NauSoy

Nay Son

agstnawmhfna to
I
Maysoy
 min
pm
cone

convirutiboxide oxide

calcination
Roasting

Calcination

Mating of ore in absence of a

Refinery
it is mainly Applicable for non sulphide ores

Removal of water of crystallisation

After calcination ore

Becomes PE

tacos Gt cos

ago t lost
myCoz
Cao t myo t coat
Caloy Myung

Feroz tho
Feroz X
waterof
crystallisation

culotte euloz zero t tho cos

 D Pbo t 5
Pbsoy
Sou t
e Ig

Roasting

tour One is heated in Presence of Air and is convertedinto

its oxide

It is mainly Applicable for sulphide ore and Haematitcof

Removal of watch of crystallization

M.pt
Temp is Below

S on son Impurities are removed in the

As form of volatile aide
Ap or 2034
Sb on
56203 f

After roasting one Becomes porous

oxidatineRoast
Pbs t or Pbo sort
Mo t song
Ms On

5029
Mrs Or thro t
 en s or mo t sort

t or Hyo t soup
Hgs
CopperPyrite

On Mus t fro t Sou

partial
wasting
2EnFes curss.Fers

lllzs.Fes.FeS KaisY.fEsY.f s s

cheating
mad t Naas
Reductions

telectrolytie Red
Ypg
a

Al
carbon Red
af

Mg
a red

Carbon Red
My

eggs settled

metal displacement in tho

AH
T.gr
t

EfM
t 9h03 t Fe
Feroz
At 00
3

to
Y
 My t or ago theathitiato

Bao Bo Ie
dazzling

usedtoProvide or

it
Arent
atta a

Aho t Mr Q
Al t Mnf

Kers
an miÉÉitmgch

In asanReductingAgent the highlyinflammable

highlysive
CozOn the Co t tho

Fezon th Fa t tho Mgmt

Coo
 W NBA tho
Ha on th

Nio t th Ni t tho

t th w t tho
wog

ly cannot reduce Ah0ziB

Selfreduction
In this meathod Roasted ore is Heated with un roasted ore
in the absence of Oz
and then Metal is Produced due to self Red

502
LI or
My t

Mrs 24,0 I b cu t 5oz

unread
I
d
thus 20 Mr soy

Mrs
unheated
arson You
Jina
so
 Pbs 1 Pbo t Sou

Hbo spy sorD Maior

mind
Pbsoy app so
i

Mad
so
Hgs Hyo teg

t 02 tyson
minor

Es
11859 Hgs ty so

Tie
typ t ord
Hyo Es e
B.pt 356 It
at an
Ago s
 CarbonReduction

Ellinghambiagram

DG o spout
DG 0 Non sport

A B AG 300

B A DG 300

É
Plot of DG V0 T
For the following

I4tA1t2a zAho
Rxn gg

as ive
12M 002 2M 0
as as
Q I
I e
r
y
e DM
DH and AS are
essentially
const with Temp
M
1 unless their is any
Phasechange

it as ive
if as tire
ive M ive
M
1 o
ive
ive tire

ive tivet
O

as temples

Etoile

300
Nonspont 200
spout 100

Moomtogmosmagnf r
50
É 10

i
I

Allthe

I I
ME
mo
 DG o E
DG ive
DG time X

MetyMot

DG
DE DA 10 I
neg
Maggie Five

its
DS Of I
5 13
1

DG
Boiling 18 11
Point
matter

I
T To
I e

0
As L SO

jj
Mo
of
point
Boiling
Madd Ddg É
of metal q
MeltingPoint
of metal
t Sf is lessthan
InBoth Cases iiii.IE

I
I l
Mi My
1
I
1
I
1
I I
1 I
t I
i

To T
highTemp

twin me some meth mmmm

I or line at high tony

Ago Agt
 O
9
M M Metal
DG
µ you My Metal2
I

you
to
m
Bett
m o MIO D G 300
DG 300
MÉ C
ht

mainmoitigio
At
M tho Mat Mio DG
 The Graph of Mo all slopeupwards
tin tank
BUC 2 Free E change Mes with

DG T is a st line

unless metal melts or vapourises

will come
when Temp is raised a Point where the Graph crosses

DG o line
Below this Temp AG for the Rxn is ive so oxide is stable
Becomes unstable
Above this temp DG for theRyn is five so oxide
and Should decompose into metal t oxygen

inthe
Any metal will reduce the oxide of othermetal which lie above it
an ammo unit equal to thediffbtw
Buc z DG will become more Ave by
a Particular Tony
2 Graphs at

LET
 As 1St sit
2 E g 220g tire
slope ive

e t Dong 16028 AS Sf Si I Tat

Ive
2290
2
cozy
AS
L sit
g

tire

m ive
t
DG
mummmmmmm

1 I
 i
e t M O My
Affortz

Problin

emo that is Produced

As Tanit is very high Metal
reacts with e and Produces carbide
 Refining 5
am
Polling miso

maotmmIf co Thio
YageaEiI s
io
Volatile

mot can Mio Gott EI

O
Lianation mainlyused for JbDand
gmpuhe_ncta M.Ptof Metal is low

M.pt of Impurity is High

FEELIN
MIITTpplicable
for AHhaving Pb as an
impurity

Pbtor solid
Y

AgthadiWX
g
Distillation's
BI
for nutabhaviz
W
ftp wtf.yf

ty my I high
g

SEE
 Fractionaldistillations
had
it 2 metals have close
B.pe
I g r

vapoulthaselfining
m Reagents É
a Monds
van Ankal
Proton
Meat
Reagan

Pat

Tiano
vanarkelq.cat
In Tiny
Impunity
Itagaki
Ir
Fk Ti
Tism t

Put
Mond's Process

Firma
m

Ni so 4 co
Nikon Is

www.s

oam midden of metal

fiyofmpuHih
solubility of impunity
is
Iffy

Iiis

0
 AmatnPaess Mainly Applicable for Agandy

wt
9108
avg.mg solid
s

Ao Hfqquig Impurity
Amalgamo

he

was A sz
is Igf
Molton
Av Hyo

IE
Hg can form
Amalgam with all the metals except andt

or
Anodend
 Metalwyyofty

Lam th Agung
ponged
Ags
Y t knob
complex

I Amagnetic

Ein

metallurgy
content is
content is nigh if Impurity
if Impurity reduction
low then self

Proffered
is
Proffitt
p
Roasting
Miss
Galena
pay
warn of
aroma limestone
 Smelting
inPresence

rosy
Molten Casio
Emo
Pb

fleethoucefining
Anodes RybakPb
cathode PurePb

Electrolyte hsiF6gybsi

Pb
99.9910
 if gigs Pbsoy

casiang
slay

When Impurity content is low

then self seduction Prefered
is

É
old
Poway Martin

É
Qi Refining

when Pb is having Ag As an Impurity

then it is removed by Parke's Process or Pattitson's Phooey
 Metallueyyoffe

ons mn
Harmatite Feroz É

magnetic

Roasting
pa 0F30 Y

EP 9 stars
mya Asos

men

BJastina
j

Itai molto
 tonne
Ég
at c
f
RedZone

stayform S
46

Ine
I ri
a
Combustion u
zone Yefim

ÉEMIÉLypp
931 tt

sioP
Pisi mn

Etf co

an an
IEIÉÉj
co
et or

co z a

zoo if
thy
f
 É

Timoteo
Cao t Sion case

stag
Fly Jupwrity

t e si t co
sion

TmoHenfe some imp

tinapdtnbf.mg
are mixed in E

y
 castfe impulefolmez.tt

wf Purest foam Fe 0.25

10.31
Std
a o.is

g
BUFFET
Alzos Who Fe203
yay
Ahoy 2tho Sir

m mnaAo

e had is not

it

É
 Mt Point 20002 high melting Point
Complications of Alo
metal will bettandiapour foe
t ofAl o

conductivity is very Poor

Goats
Aho Nay Al Fo t
Fluorspar
Catz ion
Et
Pestheconductivity Mt
Impointtoabouf tm.pt ofAhoy
9002 to about 9002

Acts as a solvent

Fed
Molton AhoztNGMFollatz

cathode
 Naz Al Fb
AtAnode Exide

I Fa t 2é
Mt BE

Alo t Fu s Al Fs t

_T

oxidstate
Al te
800 ago

corrosion of
Graphite rod
Lgy

Anode
Pure Al Acts as cathode Tob layer
mum
Impulse Al Acts as Anode qq.my

middle layer
Antes
 Extractionoftopts
Cures

lopberpyrites enf.su
msg
shm Moistureremoved

i
Red
t 02 Feo t Sou
Fas

SE Eh Figg
tho son
Mrs t or

euro t Fas as tr

Molten form obtained thastted

coppermatte
Bessemenisation's

t son
fro
Fes or

Sir fesios
Feo t
Slog

tho t Sou
this Or

MO t us C t

Blistercopy

Electrocuting 99 91
 Extraction off
cassiterite ore wolfhamid
snor

conf
magnetic see

Roast go sort snow

Asio A 1
As 02

antes 02
O O

Lnt t
snorinston
É
Red
t co
snow t c

Block Tin

a0
99.31
purification lianation

Electrolytic lafining

thsity
Electrolyte

TEmwi.ve Reducing Agent

Metal Halides Electrical conductivity

Magni
mycoz I myo t Cor

Geethobped
earbonAnode cathodetron

my tri
If D
I

Medioytickin
 ng
init

rtMgg.tygMt.Po
Mf1 conductivity

Electysis
myth 25 ng
This is done in Melt atmosphere

Extractionoff
Frothfeotation
TA
02 MO t 502
Ms

Reduction

mo t c motto
imp.PbiFeiediA

purificat PureM99
f