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Explanations

Question

Consider the bases B = {u1, u2, u3} and B' = {u'1, u'2, u'3} for R3, where

u1 = [2 1 1], u2 = [2 -1 1], u3 = [1 2 1], u1 = [3 1 -5], u2 = [1 1 -3], u3 = [-1 0 2]. (a) Find the transition matrix B to B'.

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Step 1 1 of 7

We follow the steps of Example 1 on the site 231.

Find the transition matrix from B ′ to B . We find the coordinate matrices of the old basis
vectors u′1 ,u′2 and u′3 relative to the new basis vectors u1 ,u2 and u3 . Let it be u1
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ =
au′1 + bu′2 + cu′3 for some scalars a,b and c.
​ ​ ​

⎡2 ⎤ ⎡3⎤ ⎡1⎤ ⎡−1⎤

1 =a 1 +b 1 +c 0
⎣1 ⎦ ⎣−5⎦ ⎣−3⎦ ⎣2⎦
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Step 2 2 of 7

To find a, b and c we use the Gauss-Jordan method

⎡ 3 1 −1 2 ⎤ R1 ⟷ R3 ⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
​ ​

2 2 6
1 1 0 1 ∼ 0
⎣ −5 ⎦
1
⎣ 3 1 −1 2 ⎦
R2 + R1 → R2 5 5 5
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​ ​

−3 2 1 5
​ ​ ​ ​

⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
3 4 1 13
2 2 6 R3 + R1 → R3 0 −
0 5 ∼ 5 5 5
​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​

⎣ 3 5 5 5 ⎦ R2 ⟷ R3
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​

⎣ 0 ⎦
1 −1 2
​ ​

2 2 6
5 5 5
​ ​ ​

⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
4 1 13 1 4 1 13
0 − R3 + R2 → R3 0 −
5 5 5 ∼
​ ​

2
​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​

5 5 5
⎣ 5 ⎦
​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

⎣ 0 ⎦
2 2 6 2R3 → R3 ​ ​

0 0 1
5 5 5
​ ​ ​

⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
4 1 13 R1 − 2R3 → R1 ⎡ −5 −3 0 −9 ⎤
0 −
​ ​ ​

∼ 0 1 0 −2
⎣ 5 ⎦
5
5 5 5
⎣ 0 5 ⎦
​ ​

− R2 → R2
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

4 0 0 1
​ ​ ​

0 1
⎡ −5 −3 0 −9 ⎤ R1 + 3R2 → R1 ⎡ 1 0 0 ​ ​ ​
3 ⎤
0 1 0 −2 ∼ 0 1 0 −2
⎣ 0 ⎦ ⎣ 0 0 1 5 ⎦
1
− R1 → R1
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

0 1 5 5
​ ​ ​

Then a = 3, b = −2, c = 5

Hence, the coordinate vector for the basis vectors u′1 is ​

⎡3⎤
[u′1 ]B ′ = −2
⎣5⎦
​ ​ ​ ​
Step 3 3 of 7

In the same way we will find the coordinates of the vector u′3 . We have u2
​ ​ = au′1 +
​

bu′2 ​ + cu′3 for some scalars

​ a, b and c.

⎡2 ⎤ ⎡3⎤ ⎡1⎤ ⎡−1⎤

−1 = a 1 + b 1 + c 0
⎣1 ⎦ ⎣−5⎦ ⎣−3⎦ ⎣2⎦
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​
Step 4 4 of 7

To find a, b and c we use the Gauss-Jordan method

⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
⎡ 3 1 −1 2 ⎤ R1 ⟷ R3 2 2 4
0 −
​ ​

1 1 0 −1 ∼
⎣ −5 1 ⎦
1
5 5 5
⎣ 3 2 ⎦
​ ​

+ →
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

R2 R1 R2
−3 2 5
​ ​ ​ ​

1 −1

⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤ ⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
2 2 4 3 4 1 13
0 − R3 + R1 → R3 0 −
5 ∼ 5 5 5
​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​

5 5 5
⎣ 3 2 ⎦
​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

⎣ 0 − ⎦
R2 ⟷ R3 ​ ​

2 2 4
1 −1
5 5 5
​ ​ ​

⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
4 1 13 1 4 1 13
0 − R3 + R2 → R3 0 −
​ ​

5 5 5 2 ∼
​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​

5 5 5
⎣ 1 ⎦
​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

⎣ 0 − ⎦
2 2 4 2R3 → R3 ​ ​

0 0 1
5 5 5
​ ​ ​

⎡ −5 −3 2 1 ⎤
4 1 13 R1 − 2R3 → R1 ⎡ −5 −3 0 −1 ⎤
0 −
​ ​ ​

∼ 0 1 0 −3
⎣ 1 ⎦
5
5 5 5
⎣ 0 1 ⎦
​ ​

− R2 → R2
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

4 0 0 1
​ ​ ​

0 1
⎡ −5 −3 0 −1 ⎤ R1 + 3R2 → R1 ⎡ 1 0 0 ​ ​ ​
2 ⎤
0 1 0 −3 ∼ 0 1 0 −3
⎣ 0 1 ⎦ ⎣ 0 0 1 1 ⎦
1
− →
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

R 1 R1
0 1 5
​ ​ ​

Then a = 2, b = −3, c = 1

Hence, the coordinate vector for the basis vectors u′2 is ​

⎡2⎤
[u2 ]B ′ = −3
⎣1⎦
​ ​ ​ ​
Step 5 5 of 7

In the end find the coordinates of the vector u′3 . We have u3

​ ​ = au′1 + bu′2 + cu′3 for
​ ​ ​

some scalars a, b and c.

⎡1 ⎤ ⎡3⎤ ⎡1⎤ ⎡−1⎤

2 =a 1 +b 1 +c 0
⎣1 ⎦ ⎣−5⎦ ⎣−3⎦ ⎣2⎦
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
Step 6 6 of 7
 Replay

Result 7 of 7

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