SPH4U 1.1-1.

3 Kinematics; Displacement to 2-Dimensions

Kinematics

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Dynamics

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Uniform Motion (a=0)

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Non-Uniform Motion (a≠0)

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Motion Graphs

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 SPH4U 1.1-1.3 Kinematics; Displacement to 2-Dimensions

Interpreting Motion Graphs

(a) Determine the average acceleration for the entire trip.

(b) Determine the instantaneous acceleration at 3 s and at 5 s.

(c) Draw a reasonable acceleration–time graph of the motion.

Uniformly accelerated motion Equations

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 SPH4U 1.1-1.3 Kinematics; Displacement to 2-Dimensions

Example 1

A man starts at rest and then runs north with a constant acceleration. He travels 120 m in 15 s. Calculate his
acceleration.

Example 2

In a 100.0 m sprint, a runner starts from rest and accelerates to 9.6 m/s [W] in 4.2 s.

(a) Calculate the acceleration of the runner.

(b) Calculate the displacement of the runner.

(c) The runner runs at a constant velocity for the rest of the race. What is the total time?

Homework 1.1 page 16 Q 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9 1.2 page 21 Q 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 1.3 page 29 Q 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11

 SPH4U 1.1-1.3 Kinematics; Displacement to 2-Dimensions

Example 3

A jet lands on a runway at 110 m/s [forward]. When stopping, the jet can accelerate at 6.2 m/s2 [backward].

(a) Calculate the minimum time for the jet to stop.

(b) What is the minimum safe length for this runway?

(c) Explain why the runway should be much longer than the minimum safe length

Objects in Free Fall

Free Fall:___________________________________________________________________________________________

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 When you let go of a ball, it will fall down because Earth’s gravity pulls it down.

 When you throw a ball upward, it will move upward for a time, stop, change direction, and then move
downward.

 In both cases, the ball is moving under the influence of gravity.

 Gravity moves objects downward with a constant acceleration of 9.8 m/s2. This important value is called the
acceleration due to gravity, g.

Example 4

A ball is thrown straight down at 12 m/s toward the ground from a height of 45 m.

(a) How long does it take to land?

(b) How fast is the ball moving when it lands?

(c) How does your answer to (b) change if the ball is initially thrown at 12 m/s [upward]?

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 SPH4U 1.1-1.3 Kinematics; Displacement to 2-Dimensions

Displacement in Two Dimensions

Component of a Vector:______________________________________________________________________________

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IN GENERAL

For this Example

Your Turn

For each of the following displacements, draw the vector on an x-y axis and then determine the perpendicular vector
components

(a) 25.0 km [E 45.08 N]

(b) 355 km [N 42.08 W]

(c) 32.3 m [E 27.58 S]

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 SPH4U 1.1-1.3 Kinematics; Displacement to 2-Dimensions

Example 5

An airplane flies 276.9 km [W 76.708 S] from Edmonton to Calgary and then continues 675.1 km [W 11.458 S] from
Calgary to Vancouver. Using components, calculate the plane’s total displacement.

Your Turn

In a helicopter ride, the pilot first flies 12 km [N], then 14 km [N 228 E], and then 11 km [E]. Determine the total
displacement.

Homework 1.1 page 16 Q 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9 1.2 page 21 Q 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 1.3 page 29 Q 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11