04 MORPHING v2019.1x 29AUG 2019

ALTAIR HYPERWORKS V2019.
1 X – PRE-PROCESSING FOR FE ANALYSIS

CH4 – MORPHING
Trainer’s Name Month XX, 2019
© 2019 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.
Altair HyperWorks, v2019.1 X
CHAPTER 4 - MORPHING
4)Morphing
• Introduction to Morphing
• Morph Mesh
• Shapes
• Demo - Practice with Morphing tools
• Exercises 4A - 4C
• Questions & Answers
2
INTRODUCTION TO MORPHING
• What is Morphing?
• Morphing allows you to rapidly change the
shape of the FE mesh, without severely
sacrificing the mesh quality and create, edit,
and apply shapes for subsequent design
optimization studies.
• Morphing Entities
• Morph Mesh – Use this tool to morph mesh by
moving nodes or by mapping nodes to lines,
surfaces, elements, or other nodes.
• Shapes – Collections of perturbations from the
initial configuration of the FE mesh before the
morph.
3
Morphing on HW 2019.1 X
• Morphing is no longer an expert-level tool.
Click and morph directly on your model.
• Great for:
• Concept Design: Morph to modify designs.
• Model build: Map an existing mesh to new geometry.
• Analysis, DOE, Optimization: Create and test design variants.
• Morphing tools are located in Mesh ribbon > Morph groups as shown in the picture below:
4
Feature highlights
• No special pre-setup required, any mesh is ready
to morph by just clicking and dragging.
• Translate and rotate nodes by dragging with the

mouse or type exact values.
• Map mesh to target geometry or other meshes using

projection rules.
• Pick mesh edges and faces directly with the mouse.
• Let the tool calculate anchors and morph area

automatically or override them easily for more
advanced and custom morphs.
5
MORPH - MORPH MESH
Morph Mesh - Use the Morph Mesh tool to morph mesh by moving nodes,
faces, and edges or by mapping to geometry.
Mesh > Morph > Morph Mesh
• Select node(s), face(s), or edge(s) to move:

• By default, the Morph Mesh tool automatically determines
and selects Anchor Nodes and Morph Area elements
based on the shape of the model connected to the moving
nodes.
• This feature is enabled by default and can be turned off
by deselecting the Automatic checkbox.
6
MORPH - MORPH MESH
Morph Mesh - Options

• Manually select Anchor nodes and elements that make up the morph area by activating the corresponding
selector on the guide bar then making your selection.
• On the guide bar, click on to define Morph Mesh Options.
• Automatic - Automatically select Anchor Nodes and Morph Area elements.
7
MORPH - MORPH MESH

• Remorph changes - Re-applies previous morph with new options and
entities.
• Area of effect
• Automatic anchors - Enables automatic selection of anchor nodes.
• Calculated by - Selected fixed nodes. Options:
• Value - Set distance or multiplier.
• Morph method - Select method to morph mesh:
• Free edges: Create a general domain for the affected elements for the purpose of
applying the morphing. The movement of nodes along the boundaries of the
affected elements is unregulated.
• Domain edges: If you have already created domains via a panel or loaded a model
with domains, those domains will be used to determine the way the morphing is
applied to the model.
8
MORPH - MORPH MESH

• Area of effect
• Morph method - Select method to morph mesh:
• Inferred edges: Create local domains for the affected elements for the purpose of
applying the morphing. Create edge domains along the boundaries of the affected
elements which will regulate morphing.
• Morph all nodes: Using a proximity-based algorithm, potentially morph every node in
the model relative to the distances between the nearest moving node and the nearest
anchor node.
• Partitioned edges: Partition all of the affected elements before applying morphing.
• Krig all nodes: Using the kriging algorithm, potentially morph every node in the model
except for the anchor nodes.
• Morph within envelope: Using a proximity-based algorithm, potentially morph every
node in the model relative to the distances between the nearest moving node and to
either the edge of the envelope or the nearest anchor node (if selected).
9 NOTE: Please, refer to the Online Help to get more details.

MORPH - MORPH MESH

• Area of effect
• Undisplayed nodes - Select option for undisplayed nodes:
• Biasing
• Moving nodes - Set bias for moving nodes.
• Anchors - Set bias for anchors.
• Manipulator
• Translate/Rotate increment - Enables discrete movement of
manipulator in translation/rotation.
• Step size - Increment for translating/rotating multiplier.
• Real time - Morph mesh while moving manipulator.

• Active - Allow manipulator to morph mesh.
10
MORPH - MORPH MESH
Mapping Options - Use the microdialog options when selecting target geometry.
• Use manipulator - Move entities interactively with the Move tool.
• Project direction
• Along vector: Project along manipulator primary.
• Normal to tangent: Project normal to target.
• Normal to source: Project normal to nodes’ mesh.
• Smoothed normals: Calculate the average normal direction for all elements and then smooth them so that transitions
near corners are not abrupt.
• CFD normals: Use a sophisticated algorithm to smooth the normals for all the elements such that the elements will not
get folded when their nodes are morphed.
• Fit to line: Fit along line through target.
11
MORPH - MORPH MESH
Mapping Options - Use the microdialog options when selecting target geometry.
• Toggle extended surface edges - Extend the edges of the surfaces or mesh in a direction perpendicular
to the normal at the closest point on the surfaces or mesh:
• If this option is selected, the moving nodes will be projected on to an extended representation of the surfaces or mesh,
enabling you to project nodes beyond the edge of the surfaces or mesh as well as within any holes
• If this option is not selected, the moving nodes will be projected on to the interior or edges of the surfaces or mesh,
which may end up distorting the morphed mesh.
12 NOTE: This option is available only when elements are the target entity.
MORPH - MORPH MESH
Keyboard Shortcuts & Mouse Controls
To do this Press
Undo morphing +Z
Undo all morphing operations + +Z
Redo morphing +Y
Redo all morphing operations + +Y
Exit tool
13
MORPH - SHAPES
Shapes - Collections of perturbations from the initial configuration of the FE mesh before
the morph.
Record node movements as a Shape
Quick save a Shape,
Press once to start recording
from any tool
Press again to stop and save the Shape
Shapes table
• Feature highlights
• Save any morphed state as a shape from anywhere, even inside other tools.
• Save, preview, apply, export, import, and edit any Shapes in your model using the Shapes table.
• Create optimization design variables from any Shape using a checkbox.
• Record node movements performed with any tool (morphing or not) as a morph Shape.
14
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Create Shapes

1. From Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click the Shapes tool .
The Edit Shapes dialog opens.
2. Click on to save the morph as a shape.
3. Toogle the Preview option to view the initial state of the model vs
the morphed state of the model (see picture on the right).
NOTE: Before you create a shape, morph the model using the
15 Morph Mesh tool.
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Create Shapes

4. Optional: Activate the Design Variable option and define a Lower
Bound, Initial Value, and Upper Bound to use the shape in
subsequent design optimization studies.
5. With the preview applied, right-click on the shape and select Apply
Preview to save the morph. The morph is compounded each
additional time you view and apply the preview.
16
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Create Shapes - Tips:

• Click on to show/hide the vectors that define the shape.
• Click on to delete selected shapes.
• Click on to undo all morphs and return to the original state of
the model.
• Activate the Preview option of two or more shapes and click on
to combine the mophs into a new shape.
• To quickly create shapes without disrupting the morphing
workflow, click on the Create Shapes satellite icon.
NOTE: Any morphing performed on a saved model cannot be undone when the model is reloaded.
Be sure to undo all the changes made to the model before saving it if you wish to preserve the
17 model's original shape.
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Record Node Movements

1. From Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click on the Record Node
Movements satellite tool.
2. Move nodes using any other HyperWorks 2019.1 X tool.
3. Click the Record Node Movements satellite icon again to stop

recording. Any displaced nodes are saved as a recorded shape.
18
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Apply Scale Factors to Shapes

1. From Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click the Shapes tool . The
Edit Shapes dialog opens.
2. Right-click on a shape and select Apply by Factor.
3. Enter a scale factor value, then click on OK.
19 NOTE: Enter a negative number to move the shape in the inverse direction.
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Convert Shapes

2. Right-click on a shape and select Convert. The Convert Options
dialog opens.
3. Select an option from the Convert shapes drop-down menu, then

click on OK:
20 NOTE: Please, refer to the Online Help to get more details about Convert shapes option.
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Import Shapes

2. Click on to open the Import Options dialog.
3. Browse for and select a shape file.
4. Select a Shape format option:
• As grid: to open shapes in OptiStruct/Radioss/Nastran format.
• As shapes: to open shapes in HyperMorph format.
5. Select an Import option:

• Direct: to add only the shape to the model and determine the new shape
as if the original one had been positioned at the same x, y, z, coordinates
where it was originally saved.
• Via elements: to add the shape and its corresponding elements to the
model
21
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Import Shapes

6. Select either of the check boxes, then click on OK:
• Apply on import: apply the shapes automatically upon loading.
• Auto-envelope: The envelope is the range of influence that a translated,
positioned, or reflected shape will have on the new mesh.
• Since the original mesh (where the shape currently exists) and target mesh
may not match exactly, the envelope must be large enough to include nodes
that may lie outside the bounds of the original mesh were it to be translated, re-
positioned, or reflected on to the target mesh.
• Nodes inside the envelope will be perturbed proportionally to how close they
are to the bounds of the original mesh. If you are using auto-envelope and the
copied shape is not affecting all of the nodes that you want, try switching to a
manually determined envelope and typing in a value.
• The default envelope is equal to the average length of the sides of the
elements in the shape.
NOTE: Import option and Auto-envelope option are only available when loading shapes, not grids.
22
MORPH - SHAPES
How to Export Shapes

2. Click on to open the Export Options dialog.
3. Browse for a location to save the shape file
4. Select a Shape format option, then click on OK:
• As grid: to save shapes in OptiStruct/Radioss/Nastran format. This
distinction is important when loading the file.
• As shapes: to save shapes in HyperMorph format.
23
DEMO - MORPHING
24
EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING
File Name and Location

…\STUDENT-EXERCISE\CH4\base_bracket_morph_targets.hm
Exercise Goals
1. Open the model file
2. Change base’s shape
3. Morphing to a target
4. Checking element quality
25
Step 1: Open the model file

a) Select File > Open from the menu bar or select the icon
b) Select the file from …\STUDENT-EXERCISE\CH4\base_bracket_morph_targets.hm.
c) Click on Open.
26
Step 2: Change base’s shape

a) From the Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click on
the Morph Mesh tool
b) With the Nodes selector active, select a node.
Click on the arrow in the Y direction.
c) In the Y box direction, enter 10, then press Enter
to confirm.
NOTE: Anchors nodes and Morph Area elements are automatically selected according to the
27 Nodes selected, because by default the Automatic checkbox is checked.

e) Add a node of the other horizontal plane to the
selection and note how they follow the previous
morphing movement.
f) To select manually anchors, unchecked the
Automatic checkbox.
g) Select the Anchors option. Make sure nodes

selector is activated.
NOTE: After adding the node (Step 2.e), the other nodes follow the previous morphing movement
because by default the Remorph changes checkbox is selected in the Options settings.
28 Otherwise you can also use undo and then morph again with the new selection.

h) Add two anchors to the selection by left-clicking mesh nodes. These nodes come back to the original
position.
Before selecting anchors After selecting anchors
i) Select again the Move option with the Nodes selector active.
29

j) Add two nodes to the selection by left-clicking mesh nodes. They follow the previous morphing movement.
k) Click on to clear nodes selection
30

l) Click on next to Move and select Faces to
switch to Faces selector.
m)Select the face, as shown in the picture.
n) Use the manipulator to morph the face. For
instance, you can move the face by entering 5 in
the X box direction.
31
Step 3: Morphing to a target

a) From Geometry ribbon > Create group > Lines tool, click on the
Circle icon
b) Create a circle concentric with the big upper circle of the lateral side
with radius 20.
b
c) From Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click on the Morph Mesh
tool
d) Make sure that the Automatic checkbox is checked. Then, select the
nodes of the upper edges, as shown.
d
32

e) Click on Targets to active this option, then click on next to Targets and select Lines(L) to swicth to
Lines selector.
f) Select the circle you created in Step 3.b.
g) Click on to proceed with morphing.
f g
33

h) Click on to use manipulator.
i) Use the manipulator to morph the nodes. Note that the movement is still connected to the Target.
j) Click on Move and add the nodes to the selection, as shown below.
34

k) Click on Targets and then click on to clear the l
selection.
l) Use the manipulator to morph the nodes. For
instance, you can move the nodes by entering 2 in
the Z box direction.
m)The movement is no more connected to the Target.
35

n) Use + Z to undo the last operation.
o) Use + Y to redo the last operation.
NOTE: You can use + + Z to undo

all and + + Z to redo all. While
using the Morph Mesh tool, the undo and
redo operations only affect morphing.
36
Step 4: Checking element quality d

a) Press to exit from Morph Mesh tool.
b) From View toolbar, click on Model Color icon
c) Choose Element Quality visualization.

d) Modify values, as shown in figure.
37
EXERCISE 4B - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

…\STUDENT-EXERCISE\CH4\front_end_freemorph.hm
Exercise Goals
2. Morphing the model
3. Rebuild the mesh
Model courtesy of National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
38

b) Select the file from …\STUDENT-EXERCISE\CH4\front_end_freemorph.hm.
c) Click on Open.
39
Step 2: Morphing the model

a) Isolate the two components we are going to morph.
b) From Mesh ribbon > Home group, click on the Move tool .
c) Select the upper component and move it by clicking the upper arrow and entering 70 in the Z box
direction.
a c
40

d) From the Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click on the Morph Mesh tool .
e) Using the Faces selector in the Move field, select the face as shown in the picture and move it by
entering -50 in the Y box direction.
Select the highlighted face

pointed by the red arrow
41

f) Using the Edges selector in the Move field, select the edge as shown in the picture and move it by
entering 40 in the Y box direction.
Select the highlighted edge

pointed by the red arrow
42

g) From View toolbar, click on Model Orientation icon and choose XZ Right view .
h) Using Nodes selector in the Move field, select some nodes on the upper part.
i) To select manually anchors, unchecked the Automatic checkbox.
j) Select the Anchors option. Make sure nodes selector is activated.
k) Click on to clear nodes selection and select some nodes.
h k
43

l) Select the Morph Area option.
m)Click on to clear elements selection.
n) Select some elements and move them.
44
Step 3: Rebuild the mesh

a) Press to exit from Morph Mesh tool.
b) From Mesh ribbon > 2D Mesh group, click on
the Rebuild tool .
c) Click on and click on Edit criteria.
d) Set 8 as Target element size and 14 as Max Size.
e) Click on Apply.
f) Click on to select Elements Advanced Selection.
45
Step 3: Rebuild the mesh

g) Select By Face option and choose 20 as Angle.
h) Select the face and then click on OK to confirm.
i) Click on
46
EXERCISE 4C - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

…\STUDENT-EXERCISE\CH4\bike.hm
Exercise Goals
2. Change bike’s shape and save new shapes
3. Morphing to a target
4. Review all shapes
47

b) Select the file from …\STUDENT-EXERCISE\CH4\bike.hm.
c) Click on Open.
48
Step 2: Change bike’s shape and save new shapes

a) From the Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click on the Morph Mesh tool .
b) From View toolbar, click on Model Orientation icon and choose XZ left view .
c) With the Faces selector active, select the face. Make sure Automatic checkbox is active.
d) Move that face by entering 150 in X box direction and -25 in Z box direction.
d c
49 HINT: Click on of the manipulator to active both X and Z box direction.


e) From the Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click on the Shapes tool . The Edit Shapes dialog opens.
f) Click on to save the morph as a shape.
g) Click on to hide the vectors that define the shape. Then click on Close.
HINT: To save shapes, you can also use the «quick save» feature. Click on the Create shape satellite icon .
50 This lets you save a shape without interrupting the tool you are in.

h)From the Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, re-click on the Morph Mesh tool .
i) Right click on the graphics area > Selection Type > Circle select.
j) With the Nodes selector active, select the nodes.
k) Move those nodes by entering 75 in X box direction and 20 in Z box direction.
l) Repeat Steps 2.e – 2.g to save the new shape.
51

m)From the Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, re-click on the Morph Mesh tool .
n)Right click on the graphics area > Selection Type > Box select.
o)With the Nodes selector active, select the nodes.
p)Move those nodes by entering -20 in X box direction and 50 in Z box direction.
q)From View toolbar, click on Model Orientation icon and choose XZ left view.
p
52

r) On the guide bar, click on to define Morph Mesh Options.
s) To smooth the component, set 2.5 as Moving nodes in Biasing options.
t) Repeat Steps 2.e – 2.g to save the new shape.
53

a)From Geometry ribbon > Create group > Solids tool, click on
the Cylinder icon .
b)Create a cylinder with the same center and heigh of the one in
the model, but by using 30 as Radius.
c) From View toolbar, click on Geometry Visualization icon
and choose Transparent Geometry.
d)From the Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, re-click on the Morph
Mesh tool .
54

e)With the Faces selector active, select the faces.
f) Click on Targets and active Surfaces selector.
g)Select the cylinder you created in Step 3.b.
h)Click on to proceed with morphing.
e g h
55
Step 4: Review all shapes

a) From the Mesh ribbon > Morph groups, click on the Shape tool . The Edit Shapes dialog opens.
b) From Preview column, check all shapes to visualize how you morphed the bike with previous steps.
56
FIND LEGACY TOOLS
Find Legacy Tools on HW X

1. Enable the Quick Access tool by pressing + F, or by clicking on
icon (at the top right-hand corner).
2. Once enabled, a search bar opens.
3. Enter a search string. Predicted results appear in a list.
4. Select a search result from the list or press to select the
highlighted panel.
5. The panel will open at the bottom of the graphics area.
NOTE: Some panels may be not available yet with the Find tool.
57
August 29,
CHAPTER 4 - QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. You have to morph a plate with hole: how are holes affected?
• With the defaut Morph method, called Partitioned edges, the Morph Mesh
tool identifies the holes and other edge-based features and tries to maintain
them. If you prefer to allow the holes to deform with the rest of the mesh, or if
any other features are not being morphed as desired (or they appear “rigid”
versus the rest of the morphing mesh), try changing the Morph method to
Free edges.
2. On large models, is there a way to turn off the live interactive

morphing?
• Yes, turning the Real time option off, you can perform several translations
and/or rotations on the Moving nodes without triggering the morphing. Once
you move the nodes to the desired location, click away with the mouse and
the mophing will be performed.

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ALTAIR HYPERWORKS V2019.

1 X – PRE-PROCESSING FOR FE ANALYSIS

• Translate and rotate nodes by dragging with the

• Map mesh to target geometry or other meshes using

• Pick mesh edges and faces directly with the mouse.

• Let the tool calculate anchors and morph area

MORPH - MORPH MESH

Mesh > Morph > Morph Mesh

• Select node(s), face(s), or edge(s) to move:

MORPH - MORPH MESH

Morph Mesh - Options

• Automatic - Automatically select Anchor Nodes and Morph Area elements.

MORPH - MORPH MESH

Morph Mesh - Options

MORPH - MORPH MESH

Morph Mesh - Options

9 NOTE: Please, refer to the Online Help to get more details.

MORPH - MORPH MESH

Morph Mesh - Options

• Real time - Morph mesh while moving manipulator.

MORPH - MORPH MESH

MORPH - MORPH MESH

MORPH - MORPH MESH

Keyboard Shortcuts & Mouse Controls

How to Create Shapes

How to Create Shapes

How to Create Shapes - Tips:

How to Record Node Movements

2. Move nodes using any other HyperWorks 2019.1 X tool.

3. Click the Record Node Movements satellite icon again to stop

How to Apply Scale Factors to Shapes

How to Convert Shapes

3. Select an option from the Convert shapes drop-down menu, then

How to Import Shapes

5. Select an Import option:

How to Import Shapes

How to Export Shapes

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

File Name and Location

2. Change base’s shape

4. Checking element quality

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 1: Open the model file

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 2: Change base’s shape

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 2: Change base’s shape

g) Select the Anchors option. Make sure nodes

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 2: Change base’s shape

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 2: Change base’s shape

k) Click on to clear nodes selection

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 2: Change base’s shape

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 3: Morphing to a target

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 3: Morphing to a target

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 3: Morphing to a target

EXERCISE 4A - PRACTICE WITH MORPHING

Step 3: Morphing to a target