Name: Peter Carl Burgos Year/Course: BSCE III

Course Subject/Code: BCE222-2200

Let’s Check! ( ULO-1A)

Activity 1. Now that you know the most essential terms in this course, let us try to check
your understanding of these terms. In the space provided, write the term/s being asked
in the following statements:

Statics and Dynamics 1. It is a study of the external effects upon rigid

bodies at rest, without considering the change in shape or deformation resulted from
these effects.

Statics and Dynamics 2. It is a study of the external effects upon rigid

bodies in motion, without considering the change in shape or deformation resulted from
these effects.

Mechanics of Deformable Bodies 3. It is a study of the internal effects on the

bodies as well as considers the deformation that are caused by the applied loads or
forces.

Rigid 4. A body is considered __ if there is no change in the

body even though external or internal forces have already been applied to it.

Deformation 5. Changes in an object's shape or form due to the

application of a force or forces.

Mechanics 6. It is the mathematical analysis of a body under rest

or motion.

Parallel 7. The Load is called “Shear” if it acts _______on any

given cross-sectional area.

Torque 8. An external effect that tends to rotate or twist

the material.
 Bending 9. An external effect that tends to bend the material,
whether concave upward or concave downward.

Stress 10. It is the result of internal forces, or forces

that result when internal particles react to each other.

Normal Stress 11. Stresses caused by “normal load”.

Away from the body/material 12. Tension is a type of normal force that specifically
directed ___________. It tends to stretch the material.

Towards the body/material 13. Compression is a type of normal force that

specifically directed ______________. It tends to shrink the material.

Reaction 14. If a support prevents translation of a body in a

given direction, a force is developed on the body in that direction.

Shear Stress 15. Stresses caused by “shear load”.

Working Stress 16. It is the maximum stress that a material can

sustain or carry.

Bearing Stress 17. It is a special type of normal stress that

results from the contact pressure between separate bodies.

Longitudinal Stress 18. It is a stress developed along the

longitudinal section of the pipe.

Tangential Stress 19. It is a stress developed across the transverse

section of the pipe.

Spherical Stress _____ 20. It is a stress developed inside the sphere

container.
 Let’s Check! ( ULO-1B)

Activity 1. Explain the following terms based on your own understanding and own
words. You can use figures to emphasize your point.

a. Factor of Safety. – factors of safety is the structural capacity of a system. In which it

solves the total limit carrying capacity of a system. It is determined by the formula:

Actual load
Factors of Safety=
Workingload

b. Hooke’s Law. – It is a law of physics in which it mainly discuss about the elasticity
and deformation of a certain thing.

c. Proportional Limit. - The proportional limit corresponds to the location of stress at the
end of the linear region, so the stress-strain graph is a straight line, and the gradient will
be equal to the elastic modulus of the material.

d. Elastic Stress. – The highest limit of a certain material before it goes to deformation

e. Yield Stress. – It is the minimum stress in which a material will deform without
significant increase in load.

f. Ultimate Stress. – It is the maximum tensile stress that a material can withstand
before breaking.

g. Rupture Stress. – It is the abrupt failure at the end of the creep process.

h. Nominal rupture strength. - the nominal rupture strength is considerably lower than
the ultimate strength because the nominal rupture strength is computed by dividing the
load at rupture by the original cross-sectional area.
i. True rupture strength. - is defined as the stress at specified environmental conditions
(temperature, humidity and sometimes chemical environment) to produce rupture in a
fixed amount of time usually given in hours.

j. Necking. – It is the difference between nominal rupture strength and true rupture
strength.

k. Statically Indeterminate. – it is defined as structures that can1t be statically analyzed

using only equilibrium equations or static equations. ∑ F y =0 , ∑ F x =0 , ∑ M z=0

l. Thermal Deformation. – it is the deformation due to change in temperature.

m. Thermal Stress. - states that formation of corresponding stress takes place when a
body acquires compressive strain due to any thermal expansion or contraction.