NSTP – CWTS Specific

Module 3
Peace Education
No time is more appropriate than NOW to build a
culture of Peace. No Social Responsibility is Greater
nor Task Heavier than that of Securing Peace on our
Planet….

Ambassador Anwarul K. Chowdhury - UN

Understanding Peace and
Violence
 Peace
- Peace is not simply lack of war or nonviolence; it means the
eradication of all facets of injustice.
- Peace is both the absence of personal/direct violence and
the presence of social justice
- Peace is not only the absence of conflict, it also requires a
positive dynamic participatory process where dialogue is
encouraged and conflicts are resolved in a spirit of mutual
understanding and cooperation
Negative Peace – Absence of War or Physical/Direct
Violence

Positive Peace – Presence of Just and Non-Exploitative

Relationships, as well as human and ecological well-
being, such that the root cause of conflict are
diminished.
Violence

- Humanly Inflicted Harm

Physical or Direct Violence

- War
- Rape
- Wife Battering
- Child Abuse
- Crimes
Structural Violence

- Poverty
- Hunger
- Unequal Distribution of Wealth and Power
- Social Injustice
- Racism
Culture of Peace
A culture of peace is a set of Values, Attitudes,
Traditions and Modes of Behavior and Ways of Life
based on:
(a) Respect for life, ending of violence and promotion
and practice of non-violence through education,
dialogue and cooperation;
Culture of Peace
(b) Full respect for the principles of sovereignty,
territorial integrity and political independence of
States and non-intervention in matters which are
essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any
State, in accordance with the Charter of the United
Nations and international law;
Culture of Peace
(c) Full respect for and promotion of all human
rights and fundamental freedoms;
(d) Commitment to peaceful settlement of conflicts;
(e) Efforts to meet the developmental and
environmental needs of present and future
generations;
Culture of Peace
(f) Respect for and promotion of the right to
development;
(g) Respect for and promotion of equal rights and
opportunities for women and men;
(h) Respect for and promotion of the right of
everyone to freedom of expression, opinion and
information;
Culture of Peace
(i) Adherence to the principles of freedom, justice,
democracy, tolerance, solidarity, cooperation, pluralism,
cultural diversity, dialogue and understanding at all
levels of society and among nations;

and fostered by an enabling national and international

environment conducive to peace.
Understanding Conflict

- There is no dearth of definition of conflict.

- The common theme in all definitions are two or

more competing goals, ideas, attitudes, behaviours of
one or more parties are perceived in disagreement
and feeling of aversely affected interests.
Understanding Conflict
- Conflict is an inevitable part of personal, organizational
and societal life.
- We all experience conflict of one kind or the others in
our life, group organization and society, Conflicts arise
due to competition, differences in values, attitudes,
experiences, goals and perception of limited resources.
Functional Conflict:
- It is healthy disagreement between two or more parties.
- In functional conflicts, people primarily differ on ideas or
perceptions.
- If people are open minded they make joint exploration on
ideas or principles, new awareness, new insight which
improves the relationship between parties to disagreement.
Dysfunctional Conflict:
- It is unhealthy disagreement between two or more parties.
- Traditional view of conflict is more known for its
dysfunctional nature.
- It presumes that conflicts are inherently bad and invariably
affect the organizational outcome negatively.
Conflict: Functional or
Dysfunctional
- Are the parties to conflict hostile to each other?
- Is the outcome likely to be negative one for the
organization?
- Do the potential losses of the parties exceed any potential
gains?
- Is energy being diverted from goal accomplishment?
Consenquences of Conflict
Conflict Management
- May imply a process of
learning to live peacefully with
differences that may not be
resolvable at a given point in
time.
• Competing - It means “standing up for rights, depending on a
position which we believe is correct, or simply trying to win.

• Avoiding. It is a common response to the negative perception of

conflict. The process that pursue neither purpose their own
concerns nor those of the other individual.
• Compromising. It is moderate in both assertiveness and cooperativeness.
The objective is to find some expedient, mutually acceptable solution that
partially satisfies both parties.

• Accommodating. It is unassertive but cooperative process which results

from a high concern for our group’s own interest, matched with a high
concern for the interests of other partners.
• Collaborating. It is both assertive and cooperative – the complete opposite of avoiding style. It
involves and attempt to work with others to find some solution that fully satisfies their concerns.
• Collaborating. It is both assertive and cooperative – the complete opposite of avoiding style. It
involves and attempt to work with others to find some solution that fully satisfies their concerns.
Peace Education
 Peace Education

The ultimate goal of peace education is the formation

of responsible, committed, and caring citizens who
have integrated the values into everyday life and
acquired the skills to advocate for them.
- Betty Reardon
 Peace Education

Peace education is a unifying and comprehensive concept that seeks

to promote a holistic view of education. However, its relevance is
inextricably part of and is highly dependent on contextual specificity.
It is more effective and meaningful when adopted according to the
social and cultural context and the needs of a country. It should be
enriched by its cultural and spiritual values together with the
universal human values. It should also be globally relevant.
 Peace Education
Education shall be directed to the full development
of the human personality and to the strengthening
of respect for human rights and fundamental
freedoms. It shall promote understanding,
tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial
or religious groups, and shall further the activities
of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace
(United Nations General Assembly, 1948, p. 6).
 Peace Education
Peace education in UNICEF refers to the process of
promoting the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values
needed to bring about behaviour changes that will
enable children, youth and adults to prevent conflict
and violence, both overt and structural; to resolve
conflict peacefully; and to create the conditions
conducive to peace, whether at an intrapersonal,
interpersonal, intergroup, national or international
level.
Peace Education is process of developing
Peace Education
knowledge, skills, attitudes, behaviors and
values that enable learners to:

• Identify and understand sources of local and

global issues and acquire positive and
appropriate sensitivities to these problems
• Resolve conflicts and to attain justice in a non-
violent way
• Live by universal standards of human rights
and equity by appreciating cultural diversity,
respect for the earth and for each other
Knowledge, Skills, and Attidudes &
Values Integral to Peace Education,
i.e., to the Attainment of Culture of
Peace (from Miriam College Center
for Peace Education)
 Attitudes and
Values
1.
Self – Respect 8. Cooperation
2.
Respect for others 9. Openness and
Tolerance
3.
Gender Equality10. Justice
4.
Respect for Life / Nonviolence
5.
Compassion 11. Social Responsibility
6.
Global Concern12. Positive Vision
7.
Ecological Concern
Knowledge
1.
Holistic Concept of Peace (Negative and Positive Peace)
2.
Understanding Conflict and Violence
3.
Some Peaceful Alternatives:
- Disarmament
- Non-Violence Philosophy and Practice
- Conflict Management, Resolution, Transformation, and
Prevention
- Human Rights
- Human Solidarity
- Democratization
Skills
1.
Reflection
2.
Critical Thinking and Analysis
3.
Decision-Making
4.
Imagination
5.
Communication
6.
Conflict Resolution
7.
Empathy
8.
Group Building
Thank
You!!!