MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ME311 – HEAT TRANSFER – FALL 2016

EXPERIMENT 1

Görkem GÜNAY Melike GÜR

2033512 2033561

Lab Group: B7

06.12.2016
 İçindekiler
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 3
2. SAMPLE CALCULATIONS ............................................................................................................... 3
3. RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................ 4
4. DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................................. 8
5. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................ 9
6. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................. 9

2
 1. INTRODUCTION

The aim of the experiment is determining the temperature distribution of a fin because it
is necessary to make a fin design which satisfies necessary requirements for a given situation.
For this experiment, we used a pure aluminium bar which have 10mm diameter and 350 mm
length as a fin. We used electrical power as a heat source at the beginning of the fin we measure
the temperature of the bar from seven places. We also measured temperature of the ambient
temperature by using a thermocouple.

2. SAMPLE CALCULATIONS

Notifications we used:

𝒒𝒇 Heat Transfer rate from the fin [𝑊]

𝑨𝒄 Area [𝑚2 ]

𝑨𝒇 Fin Area 𝑚2

𝒌 Thermal Conductivity [𝑊 ⁄𝑚𝐾 ]

𝒅𝑻⁄ Temperature Gradient in x-direction [𝐾 ⁄𝑚]

𝒅𝒙

𝑷 Circumference of the fin cross section [𝑚2 ]

𝜼𝒇 Fin Efficiency

𝜺𝒇 Fin Effectiveness

𝑽 Voltage [𝑉]

𝒓 Radius of bar [𝑚]

3
 𝒙 Distance along x-direction [𝑚]

D Diameter of the cross section [m]

Equations we used:

𝒅𝑻
𝒒𝒙 = −𝒌𝑨
𝒅𝒙

( 1)

𝑨 = 𝝅𝒓𝟐

( 2)

Using Equation ( 2 )

𝟎,𝟎𝟏 𝟐
𝑨𝑪 = 𝝅 ( 𝟐
) = 𝟕, 𝟖𝟓×𝟏𝟎𝒙−𝟓 [𝒎𝟐 ]

𝑳𝒄 = 𝑳 + 𝑫⁄𝟒

( 3)

𝑨𝒇 = 𝝅𝑫𝑳𝒄

( 4)

Using Equations ( 3 ) and ( 4 )

𝑨𝒇 = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟕 [𝒎𝟐 ]

3. RESULTS

The data that we obtained during the experiment is available at the table below:

[mV] [°C]
𝑻𝟏 4,08 98,0668
𝑻𝟐 3,28 79,2988
𝑻𝟑 2,83 68,7418
𝑻𝟒 2,28 55,8388

4
 𝑻𝟓 1,98 48,8008
𝑻𝟔 1,90 46,924
𝑻𝟕 1,84 45,5164
𝑻𝟖 0,87 22,7602

Conservation of mV into °C : 𝑇(𝑚𝑉) = 23,46𝑚𝑉 + 2,35

Temperature vs x
120

100

80
T(x) = 675,87x2 - 443,45x + 118,21
T(x)[°C]

60

40

20

0
0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,4
x[m]

𝑻(𝒙) = 𝟔𝟕𝟓, 𝟖𝟕𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒𝟒𝟑, 𝟒𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏𝟖, 𝟐𝟏

( 5)

5
 𝑑𝑇 𝑥=0
1) 𝑑𝑥 = 1351,74𝑥 − 443,45 ⇒ −443,45

2)

T(x)-T(∞) vs x
80

70

60
T(x)-T(∞)[°C]

50

T(x)-T(∞)= 675,87x2 - 443,45x + 95,449

40

30

20

10

0
0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,4

x[m]

3) p = [675.87 -443.45 95.449];

q = polyint(p);
a = 0;
b = 0.35;
I = diff(polyval(q,[a b]))

I= 15.9051

6
4)

𝑑𝑇
𝑞𝑓𝑖𝑛 = −𝑘×𝐴𝑐 ( ) |𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑥
(6)

𝐴𝑐 = (0.25)×𝜋×𝐷2

(8)

By using ( 6 ), (8);

𝑞𝑓𝑖𝑛= (−237)×(0.25×𝜋×0.012 )×(−443.5) = 8.25 W

(9)

5)

𝑃 = 𝜋×𝐷

( 10 )
𝐿
𝑞𝑓𝑖𝑛 = ℎ𝑃 ∫ (𝑇 − 𝑇∞ )𝑑𝑥
0

( 11 )

By using (8), (10), (11);

𝑊
8,25 = ℎ×(0,0314)×(15,9051) → ℎ = 16,52
𝑚2 𝐾

( 12 )

6)

𝑞𝑓𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀 = √ℎ×𝑃×𝑘×𝐴𝑐 𝑄𝑏

( 13 )

𝑄𝑏 = (𝑇𝑏 − 𝑇∞) ℃

( 14 )

By using (13),(14);

7
𝑞𝑓𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀 = √(16,52)×(0,0314)×(237)×(7,85×10−5 )×(95,4498) → 𝑞𝑓𝑖𝑛 = 9,377 W

( 15 )

In order to make our calculations easy we can assume that the fin have infinite length because
the result is near to real case.

6)

𝑞𝑓
𝜂=
ℎ×𝐴𝑓 ×𝑄𝑏

( 16 )

𝐴𝑓 = 𝜋×𝐷×𝐿𝑐

( 17 )

𝐿𝑐 = 𝐿 + (𝐷 ÷ 4)

( 18 )

By using (6),(12),(17),(14),(18);

8,25
𝜂= = %47
16,52×(𝜋×0,01×(0,35 + 0,01 ÷ 4))×95,4498

( 19 )
𝑞𝑓
𝜀𝑓 = ℎ×𝐴 where 𝐴𝑐,𝑏 =𝐴𝑐
𝑐,𝑏 ×𝑄𝑏

( 20 )

By using (6), (12),(8),(14);

8,25
𝜀𝑓 = = 66.62
16,52×(0,25×𝜋×𝐷2 )×95,4498

( 21 )

4. DISCUSSION

After the experiment, we observed that using fins is increasing the heat transfer without
increasing the temperature differences the surface and the surrounding. At this experiment the

8
fin increased the heat transfer about 100 times. Also we have observed that we can make
infinite fin assumption in order to make our calculations easier.

5. CONCLUSION

After the experiment, we found heat transfer from the fin and efficiency and effectiveness of the
fin. We also find convection heat transfer coefficient of the surrounding. These are tabulated at
the table below.

𝒒𝒇 [𝑾] 𝜂 𝜀𝑓 𝒉 [𝑾⁄𝒎𝟐 𝑲]
8,25 47% 66,62 16,52

6. REFERENCES

[1] Table A-1, Table3.5, Table3.4 Figure3.7 Principles of Heat and Mass Transfer (7th ed.), by
Incropera, DeWitt, Bergman, and Lavine, Wiley.