/ɑ/ AS IN FATHER ^

Common Spelling Patterns for /ɑ/

O hot , stop , modern, job s tắp hat ae
a father, watch, dark, want to wanna
Practice Sentences
1. Ronald is confident that he got the job.
2. Scott goes to a lot of rock concerts. A lahhhhdaa
3. The doctor operated in the modern hospital.
4. Bob will probably lock the office.
5. He’s got a lot of dollars in his pocket.
Word Contrasts for /æ/ Versus /ɑ/
Make sure you don’t pronounce these pairs of words the same.
/æ/ /ɑ/ /æ/ /ɑ/
1. hat hot 5. cap cop
2. lack lock 6. add odd
3. sack sock 7. rack rock
4. sang song 8. tap top

Word Pairs for Practice

Make sure the two words in each pair are pronounced
1. hot pan 4. got back
2. man’s job 5. bad dog
3. top answer 6. back pocket
 Schwa sounds
Chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/ cho k lệc
Comfortable /ˈkʌmfətəbəl/ comffff tờ bồ
Cupboard /ˈkʌbəd/
furniture /ˈf3ːnɪtʃə/
computer /kəmˈpjuːtə/
photography /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/
museum /mjuːˈzɪəm/

Âm L
Words for Practice
1. although 4. cold 7. film 10. myself
2. call 5. difficult 8. Little 11. people
3. children 6. felt 9. milk 12. Will I’ll go to
school ao

Word Pairs for Practice

1. tall girl 3. old school 5. cold milk 7. little children
2. felt guilty 4. tall wall 6. gold medal 8. twelve soldiers
1. Jill also doesn’t feel well enough to go to school.
2. I’ll call Paul and tell him that you will be late.
3. Twelve people will builda tall wallaround the castle.
4. Idis doubtful that she’ll be able to handle it. Han do lit it is
5. He’ll bring the coldrink to the ill soldier. hill
6. The wealthy man sold the building by himself.
7. Don’t feel guilty about the spilled milk.
8. The girl told me about the old film.

Sound Contrasts for Practice word work world girrrrllll

War l d
final /l/ final /r/ final /l/ final /r/
1. feel fear 5. bowl bore
2. deal dear 6. Tile tire
3. stole store 7. while wire
4. mole more 8. File fire
Words for Practice

1. more 3. her 5. culture 7. sure

2. here 4. four 6. where 8. Car

1. four door car 5. lobster for dinner

2. her younger sister 6. your older brother
3. they’re never here 7. four more over there
4. sooner or later
Word Pairs for Practice
1. important information 7. learn German
2. first person 8. undergoing surgery
3. hard to understand 9. thirty percent
4. Northern California 10. modern furniture
5. early in the morning 11. March bargain
6. survive divorce 12. perfect performance

1. I spent part of Thursday learning the new computer software.

2. I heardit wazza four hour performance.
3. He wona journalism award for his report on Pearl Harbor.
4. Please inform the boardabout the formal procedure.
5. The terrible storm started yesterday morning.
6. Normally he works in New York.
7. George wento a formal party with his girlfriend.
8. Mark is determined to learn German.
9. I heard that the alternative procedure was better.
10. For your information, they’re not divorced.

I scream
On Saturday afternoon at four, we’re havinga surprise birthday party
for our daughter Rachel. She’ll turn thirteen. Her cousins Charles and
Barbara will arrive early to help prepare. We’ll take pictures, play cards
and some board games. We’ve ordered a birthday cake and her favorite
dessert, strawberry ice cream. We’ve invited about thirty of her( o ver)
friends and told them to come over before four. We hope all her
friends get here by four before Rachel returns from the park. When
they’re all here,we’ll call Mark to bring her over. When they open the
front door the lights will be turned off. Her thirty friends will be waiting
nervously in the other room. We hope it works out and that Rachel will
be really surprised.
 S và Z
Rule 1
When an s follows a voiceless consonant, it is pronounced as /s/.
books stops makes
eats cats helps surfs
Rule 2
When an s is followed by a voiced consonant or a vowel, it is
pronounced as /z/.
eggs beds lives cars r l hữu thanh
comes boys loans feels
Rule 3
Double s is pronounced as /s/.
boss less success negative positive
massive lesson essay
exceptions: possession, scissors, dessert (ss sounds like /z/)
Rule 4
An extra syllable is added to words that end with certain consonant
sounds followed by s. These include: consonant examples:
/ʤ/ g manages, changes iz
/ʃ/ sh washes, dishes
/ʧ/ ch churches, matches
/s/ s, ss, c bosses, faces
/ks/ x boxes, faxes

Memorize these very common words that have a final s.

The s is pronounced as /z/ and not as /s/.
was his these goes because
is hers those does as I mentioned
before,…
as has whose always he is a/ she’s an

Note that the s in the prefix dis– is pronounced as

/s/ and not as /z/.
Disagree disobey disappear
disorder disability

e vvvv ryy ST fast cast last work pork

Every morning he gets up early, brushes his teeth, washes his face, and
eats breakfast. He kisses his wife and kids goodbye. He takes two buses
to work. He usually manages to get to work before his coworkers. He
reads his email, checks messages and returns phone calls. He speaks
with his colleagues and clients and conducts meetings. He focuses on
his daily tasks and likes to take only 30 minutes for lunch.
 Âm DR
1. drink 3. Drop 5. dream 7 . d rama 9.syndrome
2. children 4. address 6. cathedral 8. hundred 10.Laundry

Practice Dialogues for tr and dr

1. a. Why do you travel by train?
b. Because the traffic is so dreadful.
2. a. What did Sandra tell the attorney?
b. She told him the truth about the drugs.
3. a. Have you traveled to Turkey?
b. Yes, that country has some interesting traditions.
4. a. I told him a hundred times not to drink and drive.
b. I’m sure he’ll try to stay out of trouble.
a. To tell you the truth, I am drained from all this drama.
1. stayed in stay din
2. turned on turn don
3. developed a develop ta
4. needed a nee de da he needed a wife
Words for Practice
1. worried about 4. interested in I’m interested in
reading
2. looked at 5. worked on
3. talked about 6. liked it

More Linking Practice: -ed + it

Practice linking the final consonant to the word it.
/Id/ verbs
1. I needed it . 3. I attended it.
2. I painted it. 4. I admitted it.
/t/ verbs
1. I cooked it. 3. I watched it.
2. I liked it. 4. I stopped it.
/d/ verbs
1. I used it. 3. I changed it.
2. I cleaned it. 4. I loved it.
1. a. What did you think of the movie?
b. I liked it a lot.
2. a. What did you do with the money?
b. I deposited it in the bank.
3. a. How did you cook the chicken?
b. I fried it in oil.
4. a. Is the heater on?
b. No, I turned it off.
5. a. When did you paint the room?
b. I painted it last week.

Interviewer: Tell me about some of your experiences as a university

student.
Job Seeker: I studied accounting and finance.
I graduated at the top of my class.
I maintained a 4.0 GPA.
I played on my college basketball team and participated in
many extra-curricular activities.
I volunteered at the homeless shelter.
I partied every weekend.
I dated a lot of pretty girls.
 I loved every minute of it.
Interviewer: Describe some of your personal qualities that would make
you qualified for this position.
Job Seeker: I am detail-oriented, highly motivated and organized. I am
also focused and determined, and I work well in a fast-paced
environment. I have an advanced knowledge of computers. I am also
educated and well traveled.