I) Building vocabulary

A)
1. replace
2. nutrition
3. urge
4. consumer
B) 2a, 5b, 3c, 4d
II) VBJ
1.word: catastrophe word form: noun pronunciation: /kəˈtæstrəfi/
meaning:  sentence: 
1. a sudden event that causes many people 1. Early warnings of rising water levels
to suffer prevented another major catastrophe.
2. an event that causes one person or a 2. We've had a few catastrophes with the
group of people to suffer, or that food for the party.
makes difficulties
associations:  collocations:
sudden, event, suffer, difficult appalling, great, major, terrible, imminent,
impending, looming + catastrophe

on the brink of a catastrophe

climatic, ecological, economic, environmental,

environmental, global, human, humanitarian,
natural, nuclear + catastrophe

cause, create, provoke, trigger, unleash,

avert, avoid, prevent, foresee, predict,
suffer+ catastrophe

catastrophe + happen, occur, strike, unfold,

befall
other word forms:  (n) n/a (v) n/a (adj) catastrophic (adv) n/a

2.word:  widespread word form: adj pronunciation: /ˈwaɪdˌspred/

meaning:  sentence: 
existing or happening over a large area or The storm caused widespread damage.
among many people
associations:  collocations: 
exist, happen ever more, increasingly, more, more and more,
already, now, still + widespread

assumption, belief, consensus, feeling,


other word forms:  (n) n/a
perception, speculation, concern, confusion,
fear, panic, unease, anger, condemnation,
criticism, discontent, dissatisfaction,
opposition, protest, resentment, unrest,
cynicism, disillusionment, scepticism, suspicion,
ignorance, misconception, misunderstanding,
acceptance, acclaim, popularity, praise,
recognition, support, abuse, adoption,
deployment, practice, uptake, usage, use,
consultation, coverage, dissemination,
distribution, publicity, contamination, damage,
destruction, devastation, corruption,
deprivation, disease, famine, illiteracy,
malnutrition, poverty, suffering, unemployment
+ widespread
(v) n/a (adj) n/a (adv) n/a

3.word: urge word form: verb pronunciation:  /ɜːdʒ/

meaning:  sentence: 
1. to advise or try hard to persuade 1. She urged him to stay.
somebody to do something 2. He urged a tax increase upon
2. to recommend something strongly congress as a way of damping down
3. to make a person or an animal move consumer spending.
more quickly and/or in a particular 3. He urged his horse forward.
direction, especially by pushing or
forcing them
associations:  collocations: 
person, persuade, make, recommend n/a
other word forms:  (n) urge, urgecy (v) phrase verb urge on (adj) n/a (adv) n/a

4.word: evolve word form: verb pronunciation: /ɪˈvɒlv/

meaning:  sentence: 
1. to develop gradually, especially from a 1. The company has evolved into a major
simple to a more complicated form; to chemical manufacturer.
develop something in this way 2. The dolphin has evolved a highly
2. to develop over time, often many developed jaw.
generations, into forms that are better
adapted to survive changes in their
environment
associations: develop, generation, next collocations: evolve into/from
other word forms:  (n) n/a (v) n/a (adj) n/a (adv) n/a

5.word: profoundly word form:  adverb pronunciation:  /prəˈfaʊndli/

meaning:  sentence: 
1. in a way that has a very great effect 1. She was profoundly shaken by the
on somebody/something news.
2. very seriously; completely 2. The operation can profoundly improve
 patients' lives.
associations: seriously, completely, great collocations:  n/a
other word
(n)  n/a (v)  n/a (adj)  profound (adv)  n/a
forms: 
6.word: recession word form:  noun pronunciation:  /rɪˈseʃn/
meaning:  sentence: 
1. a difficult time for the economy of a 1. These industries have been hard hit by
country, when there is less trade and recession.
industrial activity than usual and more 2. The experts predicted recession in the
people are unemployed coal industry.
2. the movement backwards of something
from a previous position
associations:  collocations: 
time, economy, previous enter/fall into/slide into (a) recession
recover from/pull out of (a) recession
current/deep/deepening + recession
other word (adj) recessionary,
(n) recess (v)  recess (adv)  n/a
forms:  recessive

7.word: ambassador word form:  noun pronunciation:  /æmˈbæsədə(r)/

meaning:  sentence: 
1. an official who lives in a foreign country 1. the Egyptian ambassador to London
as the senior representative there of 2. The best ambassadors for the sport
their own country are the players.
2. a person who represents or promotes a
particular activity
associations: represent, country, activity, official collocations:  n/a
other word
(n)  n/a (v)  n/a (adj)  ambassadorial (adv)  n/a
forms: 
8.word: awareness word form:  noun pronunciation:  /əˈweənəs/
meaning:  sentence: 
1. knowing something; knowing that 1. There was an almost complete lack of
something exists and is important awareness of the issues involved.
2. interest in and concern about a 2. The group is trying to raise public
particular situation or area of interest awareness about homelessness.

associations:  collocations: 
know, interest greater, growing, heightened, increased,
general, public, commercial, cultural,
environmental, financial, social, spiritual +
awareness
broaden, build, create, encourage, enhance,
foster, generate, heighten, improve, increase,
promote, raise, spread, demonstrate, develop,
gain, have, show + awareness
other word
(n)  n/a (v) n/a (adj)  aware (adv)  n/a
forms: