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Chapter 3 Energy and Matter
Chapter 3 Energy and Matter
Chapter 3 Energy and Matter
Key Terms:
Energy
Matter
Temperature
Specific Heat
Calorimetry
Transformation of energy
State of matter
Endothermic
Exothermic
Solution
Emulsion
Colloid
Note: Watch the video saved in your flash drive entitle types and forms of energy.
Teacher’s insight
Food Work Heat Energy is transformed to another form.
(chemical (mechanical energy Food is considered as a stored energy in the
Energy) energy) form of chemical energy. When consumed
by the body it then transformed to
mechanical energy. When work is
performed, heat energy is produced.
For more information and to better understand the transformation of energy, try watch the
video saved in your flash drive entitled transformation of energy.
SPECIFIC HEAT- it is the heat needed for 1 gram of substance to raised its temperature by 1
degree Celsius. Specific heat affects substances on its boiling and freezing points. Comparing
the ability of water and iron to receive heat, water heats slower than iron and it cools down
slower because of its high specific heat.
Calorimetry is the science or act of measuring changes in state variables of a body for the
purpose of deriving the heat transfer associated with changes of its state due, for example,
to chemical reactions, physical changes, or phase transitions under specified constraints.
Calorimetry is performed with a calorimeter. Calorimetry is the process of measuring the
amount of heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. By knowing the change in
heat, it can be determined whether or not a reaction is exothermic (releases heat) or
endothermic (absorbs heat). Calorimetry also plays a large part of everyday life, controlling the
metabolic rates in humans and consequently maintaining such functions like body temperature.
Q=mcΔT
Where: Q is heat absorb or release(joule)
m=mass of the substance (kg)
c=specific heat (L/mol K)
Directions: Solve the following problems. See attached rubrics for scoring.
1. The temperature of the cooling water as it leaves the hot engine of an automobile is 240 °F.
After it passes through the radiator it has a temperature of 175 °F. Calculate the amount of
heat transferred from the engine to the surroundings by one gallon of water with a specific
heat of 4.184 J/g °C.
2. A teaspoon of the carbohydrate sucrose (common sugar) contains 16 Calories (16 kcal).
What is the mass of one teaspoon of sucrose if the average number of Calories for
carbohydrates is 4.1 Calories/g?
3. What is the maximum mass of carbohydrate in a 6-oz serving of diet soda that contains less
than 1 Calorie per can if the average number of Calories for carbohydrates is 4.1 Calories/g?
State of matter
Matter has 3 major state; solid liquid gas. If you have observed ice (solid) melted to
water (liquid) and when it is heated in will evaporate (gas). Below is the characteristics of the
different state of matter.
Solid Liquid Gas
Fixed shape Shape of the container (may or Shape of the container (fill it)
may not fill it)
Its own volume Its own volume Volume of the container
No volume changes under Slight volume change under Large volume change under
pressure pressure pressure
Particles are fixed in place and Particles are randomly arranging Particles are widely separated
tend to be in a regular array and free to move about until they and move independently of one
bump into one another another
Properties of matter:
Properties of matter includes changes of its state. It is classified into two namely
Physical properties and chemical properties.
Properties of matter will be discussed in a video clip and power point presentation saved on
your flash drive entitled Properties of Matter.
Solid
Liquid Gas
Composition of Matter
Revision No. Details Organizer Reviewer Approving Date Page No.
00 Original QA Office QA Officer Academic Affairs August2020 4 of 7
Document No.
MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES MCNP-QMS-DCO-GENED-
ILG- CHEM 1
Effective Date:
TITLE: INSTRUCTIONAL LEARNING GUIDE June 2020
CHEM 1 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY Revision No. 00
(LECTURE)
Elements- it is the most basic form of matter. Examples are hydrogen, oxygen, carbon,
helium, neon, fluorine and etc.
Compounds- it is the composition of both elements and/or ions. Examples are Carbon dioxide,
water, butane, methane and etc.
Mixture is also subdivided into heterogeneous and homogenous mixture.
Heterogeneous- composition of two or more substances which gives two or more phases.
Examples are, Halo-halo, pinakbet and gravel and sand.
Homogenous- combination of two or more substances that gives only one or single phase.
Examples are coffee, soda drinks, alloy juices.
Please visit the power point presentation on your flash drive entitled composition of matter and
Liquid Mixture.
QUIZ 3:
Apply in to practice: As a science enthusiast, how will you educate your family on how
chemical and physical change occur in their life? For food, how will you say that a certain food
is spoiled or not using the properties of matter?
Self-Reflection: How will you apply the basic concept of matter and energy in daily life? What
is the essence of matter and energy?
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_201_-
_General_Chemistry_I_(Anthony_and_Clark)/Unit_8%3A_Thermochemistry/8.2%3A_Calorimetr
y_(Problems)