060121-Asahan Groundwater Investigation Report (Revised)

DEEP GROUNDWATER INVESTIGATION IN ASAHAN 3
HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT, NORTH SUMATERA

GEOELECTRICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL REPORT
DECEMBER 2020
DEEP GROUNDWATER INVESTIGATION
DECEMBER 2020 REPORT IN ASAHAN, NORTH SUMATERA
PREFACE
Praise be to the presence of Allah SWT because only with His permission will the Geoelectrical and
Hydrogeological Report be completed according to plan.
This report contains an explanation of the methodology for the implementation of geoelectric and
hydrogeological work, and the results of geoelectric and hydrogeological activities.
The report is prepared with the hope that it can be used for the progress of the work as a whole, so
that the work can fulfill it properly and on time.
Bandung, December 2020
PT. Suwanda Karya Mandiri
Subcon Maincon
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE ................................................................................................................................................... i
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................................................... ii
TABLE OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................. iii
TABLE OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................... v
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE WORK ..................................................................... 1-1
1.3. LOCATION ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
CHAPTER 2 GEOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITION ........................................................ 2-3
2.1. REGIONAL GEOLOGY ....................................................................................................... 2-3
2.2. REGIONAL HYDROGEOLOGY............................................................................................ 2-4
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................ 3-1
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS ............................................................................................................................. 4-1
4.1. CAMP LABOUR WA3 ........................................................................................................ 4-1
4.2. MAIN OFFICE ................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.3. HYDROGEOLOGICAL SURVEY......................................................................................... 4-11
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................... 5-1
GLOSSARY................................................................................................................................................ x
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................ x
Subcon Maincon
ii
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1. The location of geoelectrical survey ..................................................................................... 1-2

Figure 2. The location of geoelectrical survey based on regional geological map of region Pematang
Siantar (Clarke et al., 1982) .................................................................................................................. 2-3
Figure 3. The location of geoelectrical survey based on regional hydrogeological map of region
Pematang Siantar and Tebing Tinggi (Sukrisna, 2004)......................................................................... 2-4
Figure 4. The direction of the electric current and the equipotential line for the current source is within
the earth .............................................................................................................................................. 3-3
Figure 5. The direction of the electric current and the equipotential line for the current source is on
the surface of the earth ....................................................................................................................... 3-3
Figure 6. The direction of electric current and the equipotential line for the two current sources are
on the surface of the earth .................................................................................................................. 3-4
Figure 7. Ambrogeo Mangusta Resistivitimeter, which is used in this project.................................... 3-5
Figure 8. Illustration of the Schlumberger configuration measurement (Møller, 2006) ..................... 3-5
Figure 9. Rock resistivity table (Loke, 1999) ........................................................................................ 3-6
Figure 10. Resistivities of various rocks and sediments (Telford et al, 1976) ...................................... 3-7
Figure 11. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA3 ................................................ 4-2
Figure 12. The location of cross section B-B’ and C-C’ ....................................................................... 4-15
Figure 13. Lithological correlation VES 8, VES 7, VES 5, and VES 4 in Camp Labor WA3 ................... 4-16
Figure 14. Lithological correlation VES 8, VES 7, VES 5, VES 4, and VES 9 in Camp Labor WA3 ........ 4-17
Figure 15. Correlation of resistivity value VES 8, VES 7, VES 5, VES 4, and VES 9 in Camp Labor WA3 . 4-
17
Figure 16. Correlation of resistivity value VES 8, VES 7, VES 5, and VES 4 in Camp Labor WA3 .......... 4-1
Figure 17. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA3 ................................................ 4-2
Figure 18. The location of cross section A-A’ ....................................................................................... 4-9
Figure 19. Lithological correlation VES 2, VES 1, and VES 3 in Main Office ....................................... 4-10
Figure 20. Correlation of resistivity value VES 2, VES 1, and VES 3 in Main Office ............................ 4-10
Figure 21. The outcrop of conglomeratic sandstone in the location ................................................ 4-11
Figure 22. The outcrop of quartzose sandstone in the location ........................................................ 4-11
Figure 23. The outcrop of ignimbrite in the residential areas of local population ............................ 4-12
Figure 24. The dug well and borehole well in the residential areas of local population ................... 4-12
Subcon Maincon
iii
Subcon Maincon
iv
TABLE OF TABLES
Table 1. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA 3 .................................................. 4-1

Table 2. Litological interpretation at VES 4 .......................................................................................... 4-3
Table 6. Litological interpretation at VES 8 ........................................................................................ 4-11
Table 8. The location of geoelectrical survey in Main Office ............................................................... 4-1
Subcon Maincon
v
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACKGROUND
Camp Labour WA3 and Main Office Asahan 3 Hydroelectric Power Plant Project have difficulties with
groundwater availability. Previous action, there was two groundwater exploration well in Camp
Labour WA3 and Main Office which was not prospect. The water discharge is very small and produce
the water if there was rain before.
1.2. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE WORK
Purpose and objectives of the work is conducting geoelectrical survey to determine the potential for
groundwater in Camp Labour WA3 and Main Office. If there is a good potential for groundwater in
the area of interest, it can be folllowed up by exploration drilling.
1.3. LOCATION
The geoelectrical survey is held in 9 location in Camp Labour WA3 and Main Office Area. The location
of map can be seen in Figure 1.
1-1
Figure 1. The location of geoelectrical survey
1-2
CHAPTER 2
GEOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITION
2.1. REGIONAL GEOLOGY
Based on Geological Map of Region Pematang Siantar scale 1:100,000 (Clarke et al., 1982), the
geoelectrical survey is located in Toba Tuffs which consists of rhyo-dacitic, heterolithic crystal-vitric
ash flow tuff with thin airfall upper phase (Figure 2). Toba Tuffs was deposited during Pleistocene
Epoch. But in the field, especially in Camp Labour WA3, the litology is dominated by quartzose
sandstone which is part of Bohorok Formation. Bohorok Formation is the oldest rocks in Sumatera,
part of Tapanuli Group, which was deposited in Carboniferous – Permian Period.
Figure 2. The location of geoelectrical survey based on regional geological map of region Pematang Siantar
(Clarke et al., 1982)
2-3
2.2. REGIONAL HYDROGEOLOGY
Based on Hydrogeological Map of Region Pematang Siantar and Tebing Tinggi scale 1:250,000
(Sukrisna, 2004), the geoelectrical survey is mostly held in region with poorly productive aquifers of
local importance (Figure 3). The type of aquifer is fissured or porous aquifer. Generally aquifer of low
transmissivity, locally in favorable sites, small discharge of springs can be expected. Limited
groundwater can be obtained in the valleys and weathered zones. This is relevant with facts in the
field, there is small discharge of spring which flow through fissures and fractures in rocks. But in VES
9, the location is included to region with moderately productive aquifers. The type of aquifer is
intergranular aquifer. Aquifers of moderate transmissivity, groundwater table varies, generally above
or near land surfaces, wells yield generally less than 5 l/sec.
Figure 3. The location of geoelectrical survey based on regional hydrogeological map of region Pematang Siantar
and Tebing Tinggi (Sukrisna, 2004)
2-4
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
The geoelectric method is a dynamic geophysical method that utilizes the electrical properties of
rocks. In this method a current is injected into the earth through an iron electrode. The amount of
current (I) and the potential difference that occurs at the time of injection are recorded then the rho
(resistivity) value is calculated. Given that the rho value is strongly influenced by the physical
properties of rocks below the earth's surface, this rho value can be used to interpret the existence of
rocks and fluids below the earth's surface, including its shape and depth.
The working principle of the geoelectric method is to flow an electric current into the earth through
two current electrodes, then the potential difference is measured through two potential electrodes,
so that the resistivity value can be calculated. Based on Ohm's Law, it is known that the voltage (V) of
a material depends on the current (I) and the electric resistance (R) which are formulated as follows:
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼 𝑅𝑅
Resistivity is a quantity that shows the level of resistance to electric current against a material. If a
conductive material in the form of a homogeneous cylinder has a length L and a cross-sectional area
A, the resistivity is:
𝐴𝐴
𝜌𝜌 = 𝑅𝑅
𝐿𝐿
The quantities measured in the geoelectric method are electric potential and current strength, while
what is calculated is the resistivity.
Electric potential is defined as potential energy (U) per unit test charge (Q), or the mathematical
expression is:
𝑟𝑟
1 𝑄𝑄
𝑈𝑈 = � 𝐸𝐸. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 =
4𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑟𝑟
∞
Notes:
U : Potential energy
E : electric field
3-1
Q : Coulomb’s force
p, e : constants
r : distance between charge
Electric current is the motion of negative charges (electrons) in matter in the process of regulating
itself towards equilibrium. This event occurs when matter is disturbed by an electric field. If the electric
field always goes in one direction, then the electric current that flows will also remain in that direction.
Electric current that flows in the same direction is called DC (Direct Current) while that flows back and
forth is called AC (Alternating Current). The relationship between electric current and charge is
mathematically expressed as follows:
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝐼𝐼 =
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
According to Ohm's Law, the relationship between the magnitude of the electric potential difference
(V), the current strength (I) and the resistance of the conducting wire is:
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼 𝑅𝑅
In the 1-D geoelectric method, discussion of the flow of electricity in the earth is based on the
assumption that the earth is an isotropic homogeneous medium. So, the rock layers below the earth's
surface are assumed to be in layers. In this condition, the electric potential around the electric current
in the earth and on the earth's surface is as follows.
The center of the electric current is placed in the earth. The following figure shows the direction of
current flow and its equipotential line.
Permukaan bumi
Arah arus
equipotensial
3-2
Figure 4. The direction of the electric current and the equipotential line for the current source is within the earth
The current exits radially from the point of flow such that the sum of the current exiting the surface
of a sphere of radius r is:
𝐼𝐼 = 𝐽𝐽 𝐴𝐴
𝐼𝐼 = 𝐽𝐽 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝐼𝐼 = �𝜎𝜎 � 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
1
Since 𝜎𝜎 = then:
𝜌𝜌
1 𝑉𝑉(𝑟𝑟)
𝐼𝐼 = � � 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
𝜌𝜌 𝑟𝑟
So:
𝐼𝐼 𝜌𝜌 𝑉𝑉
𝑉𝑉 (𝑟𝑟) = and 𝜌𝜌 = 4𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 𝐼𝐼
If the current point in the above discussion is located on the surface of the earth, then the direction
of the electric current and its equipotential line can be seen in the following figure:
Figure 5. The direction of the electric current and the equipotential line for the current source is on the surface
of the earth
The area of distribution in the direction of the current is half a sphere, so the surface area = 2pr. Thus
the previous equation becomes:
𝐼𝐼 𝜌𝜌 𝑉𝑉
𝑉𝑉 (𝑟𝑟) = and 𝜌𝜌 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝐼𝐼
3-3
Figure 6. The direction of electric current and the equipotential line for the two current sources are on the
surface of the earth
The two current sources are described as points A and B, while the measurement of the potential
difference is carried out at points M and N. The potential difference between MN due to currents A
and B, is:
Δ𝑉𝑉 = 𝑉𝑉𝑀𝑀 − 𝑉𝑉𝑁𝑁

𝐼𝐼 𝜌𝜌 1 1 1 1
Δ𝑉𝑉 = �� − �−� − ��
2𝜋𝜋 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
Δ𝑉𝑉 1 1 1 1 −1
𝜌𝜌 = 2𝜋𝜋 �� − �−� − ��
𝐼𝐼 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
In this equation:
AM = distance A to M
BM = distance B to M
AN = distance A to N
BN = distance B to N
DV = potential difference, measured in the field
I = electric current, measured in the field
R = resistance, calculated then used for interpretation
3-4
Figure 7. Ambrogeo Mangusta Resistivitimeter, which is used in this project
In this geoelectric investigation, the electrode arrangement has been used using the Schlumberger
rule arrangement where the two MN potential electrodes are always placed between 2 current
electrodes (Figure 8). In each measurement, the current AB electrode is always moved according to a
predetermined distance, while the MN potential electrode can only be moved at certain distances on
the condition that the MN / 2 distance is ≥ 1/5 the AB / 2 distance. So that the geometric factor k can
be obtained from the following equation:
𝜋𝜋 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 2 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 2
𝑘𝑘 = �� − � � �
2(𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀) 2 2
Figure 8. Illustration of the Schlumberger configuration measurement (Møller, 2006)
3-5
The equation is then used to process the 1D geoelectric measurement data. The results of calculations
using these equations only produce resistivity values and apparent depth. To obtain the true resistivity
and depth values, the 1D inversion modeling was then used.
VES (Vertical Electrical Sounding) geoelectrical survey covers:

• Measurement to obtain information about the vertical resistivity variation.
• Measurement at a fixed point (sounding point) with varying electrode spacing.
• Pseudo resistivity data as a function of electrode spacing.
• VES data plots the apparent resistivity log (ρa) with the current electrode spacing log (AB/2).
• The VES curve describes resistivity as a function of depth at the predicted point of
measurement (sounding).
• 1D Model.
Geoelectric investigations are carried out on the basis of the physical properties of rocks to electric
currents, where each different rock type will have a different resistivity value. This depends on several
factors, including the age of the rock, electrolyte content, rock density, the amount of minerals it
contains, porosity, permeability and so on.
Figure 9. Rock resistivity table (Loke, 1999)
3-6
Figure 10. Resistivities of various rocks and sediments (Telford et al, 1976)
3-7
CHAPTER 4
RESULTS
This chapter discusses the results of geoelectrical survey activities in the work area. Documentation
of all activities can be seen at Appendix A.
In this chapter, conducted an explanation regarding the geoelectric results and their interpretation.
The interpretation obtained from geoelectric activity is subsurface lithology along with an indication
that the rock is aquifer or non-aquifer. The procedure for implementing geoelectrical survey activities
refers to SNI 2818: 2012 regarding the Schlumberger geoelectric measurement procedure for
groundwater exploration. The 1-D (Vertical Electrical Sounding / VES) geoelectrical survey activity was
carried out on 4 to 14 December 2020. The target depth for this survey is around 100 m. There are 9
geoelectrical survey points spread over 2 area, which are Camp Labour WA3 and Main Office Area.
The condition of field data mostly is disturbed by noises. Noises can come from topographic effect,
high voltage electric wire, less coupling between electrodes and soil, and high resistivity layer in
shallow area. We perform manual filtering to remove noises from the data. After that, we process the
field data using linear inversion method. In this process, we use software IP2 WIN to produce depth
and number of layers, also resistivity value of layers.
4.1. CAMP LABOUR WA3
Geoelectrical survey was held in Camp Labour WA3 during 8 until 14 December 2020. The detail of
location can be seen in Table 1 and Figure 11.
Table 1. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA 3
Coordinate (UTM
Survey zone 47 N) Elevation
No
Point (m)
E N
1 VES 4 543849 285811 139
2 VES 5 543825 285729 132
3 VES 6 543865 285737 136
4 VES 7 543785 285551 126
4-1
5 VES 8 543762 285490 110

6 VES 9 544507 286564 146
Figure 11. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA3
Based on the results of geoelectric acquisitions in Camp Labour WA3, the constituent lithology is
dominated by the quartzose sandstones of the Bohorok Formation. This is consistent with the
geological conditions in the field which are dominated by quartzose sandstone outcrops. The following
is a discussion of the interpretation of geoelectric results in Camp Labour WA3 by point.
4.1.1. VES 4
The environmental conditions around the measurement point are located in the area behind Camp
Labor WA3. The azimuth of survey is N225°E or N45°E. While the soil conditions are moist and sandy.
The maximum length of the measuring line is 600 m. The depth that can be reached is 100 m. The
modeling results detect that there are ten layers. Based on field observations, VES 4 is located in
quartzose sandstones, part of Bohorok Formation. A recap of the layer interpretations at this point
can be seen at Table 2.
4-2
Table 2. Litological interpretation at VES 4
Apparent
Litological
Layers Resistivity Depth Type
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 11,357 0 - 2.04 Top Soil
Quartzose
2 332,449 2.04 – 3.33 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
3 81,044 3.33 – 5.73 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
4 502,690 5.73 – 10.47 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
5 58,158 10.47 – 13.80 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
6 31,757 13.80 – 28.70 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
7 348,445 28.70 – 30.00 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
8 859,169 30.00 – 43.54 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
9 76,347 43.54 – 76.35 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
10 90,375 76.35 - 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
The first layer has a thickness of 2 m, at a depth of 0 - 2.04 m. This layer has a resistivity of 11,357
ohm.m. Interpreted as a top soil layer.
The second layer has a thickness approximately 1 m, at a depth 2.04 – 3.33 m. This layer has a
resistivity of 332,449 ohm.m. Interpreted as a quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
impermeable which means it cannot store and permit water through it. This layer also is called as
aquifuge.
The third layer has a thickness approximately 2 m, at a depth 3.33 – 5.73 m. This layer has a resistivity
of 81,044 ohm.m. Interpreted as a conglomeratic sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
aquifuge.
The fourth layer has a thickness approximately 5 m, at a depth 5.73 – 10.47 m. This layer has a
4-3
aquifuge.
The fifth layer has a thickness approximately 3 m, at a depth 10.47 – 13.80 m. This layer has a resistivity
aquifuge.
The sixth layer has a thickness approximately 15 m, at a depth 13.80 – 28.70 m. This layer has a
resistivity of 31,757 ohm.m. Interpreted as a conglomeratic sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer
is impermeable which means it cannot store and permit water through it. This layer also is called as
aquifuge.
The seventh layer has a thickness approximately 2 m, at a depth 28.70 – 30.00 m. This layer has a
aquifuge.
The eighth layer has a thickness approximately 14 m, at a depth 30.00 – 43.54 m. This layer has a
aquifuge.
The nineth layer has a thickness approximately 14 m, at a depth 43.54 – 76.35 m. This layer has a
aquifuge.
The tenth layer has a thickness approximately 25 m, at a depth 76.35 – 100 m. This layer has a
aquifuge.
4-4
4.1.2. VES 5
The environmental conditions around the measurement point are located in the area near Camp Labor
WA3. The azimuth of survey is N197°E or N17°E. While the soil conditions are moist and sandy. The
maximum length of the measuring line is 600 m. The depth that can be reached is 100 m. The modeling
results detect that there are ten layers. Based on field observations, VES 5 is located in quartzose
sandstones, part of Bohorok Formation. A recap of the layer interpretations at this point can be seen
at Table 3.
Apparent
Litological
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 2,825 0 – 0.67 Top Soil
Weathered
2 4,158 0.67 – 3.74 Quartzose Aquitard
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
3 29,353 3.74 – 6.44 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Weathered
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
5 5,123 7.88 – 15.97 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
6 33,662 15.97 – 21.01 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
7 6,183 21.01 – 30.45 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
8 53,785 30.45 – 42.30 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
9 17,896 42.30 – 80.99 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
10 19,307 80.99 - 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
The first layer has a thickness approximately 1 m, at a depth of 0 – 0.67 m. This layer has a resistivity
of 2,825 ohm.m. Interpreted as a top soil layer.
The second layer has a thickness approximately 3 m, at a depth of 0.67 – 3.74 m. This layer has a
resistivity of 4,158 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This
layer is partly permeable which means it permits the water through it but does not yield water in
sufficient quantity as much as aquifer does. This layer also is called as aquitard.
4-5
aquifuge.
The fourth layer has a thickness approximately 1 m, at a depth 6.44 – 7.88 m. This layer has a resistivity
of 5,382 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
partly permeable which means it permits the water through it but does not yield water in sufficient
quantity as much as aquifer does. This layer also is called as aquitard.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
4-6
aquifuge.
4.1.3. VES 6
The environmental conditions around the measurement point are located in the area near Camp Labor
WA3. The azimuth of survey is N213°E or N33°E. While the soil conditions are moist and sandy. The
maximum length of the measuring line is 600 m. The depth that can be reached is 100 m. The modeling
results detect that there are ten layers. Based on field observations, VES 6 is located in quartzose
sandstones, part of Bohorok Formation. A recap of the layer interpretations at this point can be seen
at Table 4.
Apparent
Litological
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 1,061 0 – 0.65 Top Soil
2 755.2 0.65 – 1.87 Top Soil
Weathered
Sandstone
Weathered
4 1,793 3.06 – 6.88 Conglomeratic Aquitard
Sandstone
Weathered
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
6 6,480 8.38 – 15.04 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
7 1,166 15.04 – 29.04 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
8 53,896 29.04 – 37.26 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
9 33,125 37.26 – 93.48 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
10 34,552 93.48 - 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
4-7
resistivity of 755.2 ohm.m. Interpreted as a top soil layer.
The third layer has a thickness approximately 2 m, at a depth of 1.87 – 3.06 m. This layer has a
resistivity of 16,954 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976).
This layer is partly permeable which means it permits the water through it but does not yield water in
of 1,793 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered conglomeratic sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer
is partly permeable which means it permits the water through it but does not yield water in sufficient
of 9,239 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
The sixth layer has a thickness approximately 7 m, at a depth 8.38 – 15.04 m. This layer has a resistivity
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
4-8
The tenth layer has a thickness approximately 7 m, at a depth 93.48 – 100 m. This layer has a resistivity
aquifuge.
4.1.4. VES 7
The environmental conditions around the measurement point are located in the area near Asahan
River (Camp Labor WA3 Area). The azimuth of survey is N215°E or N35°E. While the soil conditions are
moist and sandy. The maximum length of the measuring line is 600 m. The depth that can be reached
is 100 m. The modeling results detect that there are ten layers. Based on field observations, VES 7 is
located in quartzose sandstones, part of Bohorok Formation. A recap of the layer interpretations at
this point can be seen at Table 5.
Apparent
Litological
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 36,433 0 – 0.48 Top Soil
Weathered
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
3 7,153 2.39 – 3.82 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
4 62,386 3.82 – 4.48 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
5 223,178 4.48 – 8.77 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
6 14,127 8.77 – 17.36 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
7 93,545 17.36 – 22.76 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
8 7,151,414 22.76 – 41.77 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
9 243,741 41.77 – 87.72 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
10 43,591 87.72 - 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
4-9
resistivity of 20,904 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976).
This layer is partly permeable which means it permits the water through it but does not yield water in
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
of 223,178 ohm.m. Interpreted as a quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
aquifuge.
of 14,127 ohm.m. Interpreted as a quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is impermeable
which means it cannot store and permit water through it. This layer also is called as aquifuge.
aquifuge.
resistivity of 7,151,414 ohm.m. Interpreted as a quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer
aquifuge.
4-10
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
4.1.5. VES 8
The environmental conditions around the measurement point are located in the area near Asahan
River (Camp Labor WA3 Area). The azimuth of survey is N220°E or N40°E. While the soil conditions are
moist and sandy. The maximum length of the measuring line is 600 m. The depth that can be reached
is 100 m. The modeling results detect that there are ten layers. Based on field observations, VES 8 is
located in quartzose sandstones, part of Bohorok Formation. A recap of the layer interpretations at
this point can be seen at Table 6.
Apparent
Litological
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 29,429 0 – 1.38 Top Soil
Weathered
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
3 72,176 2.18 – 3.41 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
4 7,696,163 3.41 – 7.25 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
5 3,313,481 7.25 – 9.72 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
6 137,459 9.72 – 14.15 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
7 23,797 14.15 – 28.05 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
8 127,316 28.05 – 42.03 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
9 3,705,627 42.03 – 87.72 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
10 5,000,563 87.72 - 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
4-11
resistivity of 9,840 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This
layer is partly permeable which means it permits the water through it but does not yield water in
aquifuge.
of 7,696,163 ohm.m. Interpreted as a quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
aquifuge.
of 3,313,481 ohm.m. Interpreted as a quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
aquifuge.
of 137,459 ohm.m. Interpreted as a quartzose sandstone (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
4-12
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
4.1.6. VES 9
The environmental conditions around the measurement point are located in the area near border of
Camp Labor WA3. The azimuth of survey is N75°E or N255°E. While the soil conditions are moist and
sandy. The maximum length of the measuring line is 600 m. The depth that can be reached is 100 m.
The modeling results detect that there are ten layers. Based on field observations, VES 9 is located in
ignimbrite, part of Toba Tuffs. A recap of the layer interpretations at this point can be seen at Table 7.
Apparent
Litological
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 4,887 0 – 0.85 Top Soil
2 6,630 0.85 – 1.78 Ignimbrite Aquitard
3 2,550 1.78 – 3.40 Ignimbrite Aquifer
4 85,269 3.40 – 4.52 Ignimbrite Aquifuge
Conglomeratic
6 3,484 8.96 – 19.36 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
7 7,594 19.36 – 26.82 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
8 205,425 26.82 – 39.47 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
9 1,811,068 39.47 – 87.72 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Quartzose
10 9,473,524 87.72 - 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
4-13
resistivity of 6,630 ohm.m. Interpreted as a ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is partly
permeable which means it permits the water through it but does not yield water in sufficient quantity
as much as aquifer does. This layer also is called as aquitard.
resistivity of 2,550 ohm.m. Interpreted as a ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is permeable
which means it can store and permit water through it. This layer also is called as aquifer.
of 85,269 ohm.m. Interpreted as a ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is impermeable which
means it cannot store and permit water through it. This layer also is called as aquifuge.
of 87,300 ohm.m. Interpreted as a ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is impermeable which
means it cannot store and permit water through it. This layer also is called as aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
4-14
aquifuge.
4.1.7. Summary of Camp Labour WA3
From 6 locations, only 1 location in VES 9 has an aquifer. The aquifer is ignimbrite layer which can be
found in area near VES 9. Near Camp Labor WA3 is dominated by aquitard and aquifuge. In other
name, Camp Labour WA3 is not capable producing amount of groundwater. The correlation of
lithology and resistivity value can be seen in Figure 12 until Figure 16.
Figure 12. The location of cross section B-B’ and C-C’
4-15
Figure 13. Lithological correlation VES 8, VES 7, VES 5, and VES 4 in Camp Labor WA3
4-16
Figure 14. Lithological correlation VES 8, VES 7, VES 5, VES 4, and VES 9 in Camp Labor WA3
Figure 15. Correlation of resistivity value VES 8, VES 7, VES 5, VES 4, and VES 9 in Camp Labor WA3
4-17
Figure 16. Correlation of resistivity value VES 8, VES 7, VES 5, and VES 4 in Camp Labor WA3
4.2. MAIN OFFICE
Geoelectrical survey was held in Main Office during 4 until 6 December 2020. The detail of location
can be seen in Table 8 and Figure 17.
Table 8. The location of geoelectrical survey in Main Office
Coordinate (UTM
Survey zone 47 N) Elevation
No
Point (m)
E N
1 VES 1 543887 285459 130
2 VES 2 543930 285361 147
3 VES 3 544000 285501 144
4-1
Figure 17. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA3
Based on the results of geoelectric acquisitions in Main Office, the constituent lithology is dominated
by the weathered ignimbrite of the Toba Tuffs. This is consistent with the geological conditions in the
field which are dominated by weathered ignimbrite outcrops. The following is a discussion of the
interpretation of geoelectric results in Main Office by point.
4.2.1. VES 1
The environmental conditions around the measurement point are located in the area near Main
Office. The azimuth of survey is N231°E or N51°E. While the soil conditions are moist and clayey sand.
modeling results detect that there are eleven layers. Based on field observations, VES 1 is located in
weathered ignimbrite, part of Toba Tuffs. A recap of the layer interpretations at this point can be seen
at Table 9.
4-2
Apparent
Litological
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 7,118 0 – 1.20 Top Soil
Weathered
2 6,722 1.20 – 2.05 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
3 44,340 2.05 – 3.51 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
4 8,659 3.51 – 6.00 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
5 52,277 6.00 – 10.26 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
6 316,814 10.26 – 17.54 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
7 27,794 17.54 – 30.00 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Conglomeratic
9 90,377 42.30 – 64.50 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
10 54,027 64.50 – 83.77 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
11 58,782 83.77 - 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
The first layer has a thickness of 1 m, at a depth of 0 – 1.20 m. This layer has a resistivity of 7,118
resistivity of 6,722 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
of 44,340 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). It is impermeable layer
which contains water but cannot permit water through it. Also does not yield water. This layer is
known as aquiclude.
known as aquiclude.
4-3
known as aquiclude.
resistivity of 316,814 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). It is
impermeable layer which contains water but cannot permit water through it. Also does not yield
water. This layer is known as aquiclude.
resistivity of 65,569 ohm.m. Interpreted as a ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is impermeable
aquifuge.
The tenth layer has a thickness approximately 19 m, at a depth 64.50 – 83.77 m. This layer has a
aquifuge.
The eleventh layer has a thickness approximately 179 m, at a depth 83.77 – 100 m. This layer has a
aquifuge.
4.2.2. VES 2
4-4
at Table 10.
Apparent
Litological
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 497.28 0 – 1.21 Top Soil
Weathered
2 77,257 1.21 – 1.82 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
3 1,046,437 1.82 – 3.34 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
4 302,670 3.34 – 5.37 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
5 34,651 5.37 – 9.04 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
6 1,536 9.04 – 16.82 Aquitard
Ignimbrite
Weathered
7 17,438 16.82 – 30.00 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Conglomeratic
9 39,318 42.84 – 57.31 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
10 35,438 57.31 – 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
The first layer has a thickness of 1 m, at a depth of 0 – 1.21 m. This layer has a resistivity of 497.28
of 1,046,437 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). It is impermeable
layer which contains water but cannot permit water through it. Also does not yield water. This layer
is known as aquiclude.
4-5
known as aquiclude.
known as aquiclude.
of 1,536 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is partly
resistivity of 55,179 ohm.m. Interpreted as a ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is impermeable
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
4-6
4.2.3. VES 3
at Table 11.
Apparent
Litological
Interpretation
(ohm.m)
1 276.24 0 – 0.94 Top Soil
Weathered
2 22,504 0.94 – 1.46 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
3 491.62 1.46 – 3.33 Aquitard
Ignimbrite
Weathered
4 1420 3.33 – 5.07 Aquitard
Ignimbrite
Weathered
5 10,764 5.07 – 10.69 Aquiclude
Ignimbrite
Weathered
6 2,666 10.69 – 13.81 Aquitard
Ignimbrite
Weathered
7 761.94 13.81 – 30.92 Aquitard
Ignimbrite
8 4,266 30.92 – 41.96 Ignimbrite Aquitard
Conglomeratic
9 35,140 41.96 – 80.73 Aquifuge
Sandstone
Conglomeratic
10 21,545 80.73 – 100 Aquifuge
Sandstone
The first layer has a thickness of 1 m, at a depth of 0 – 0.94 m. This layer has a resistivity of 276.24
of 491.62 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is partly
4-7
of 1,420 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is partly
as much as aquifer does. This layer also is called as aquitard..
known as aquiclude.
resistivity of 2,666 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
resistivity of 761.94 ohm.m. Interpreted as a weathered ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is
resistivity of 4,266 ohm.m. Interpreted as a ignimbrite (Telford et.al, 1976). This layer is partly
aquifuge.
aquifuge.
4-8
4.2.4. Summary of Main Office
Although there are weathered and fresh ignimbrite in this area. The lithologies cannot produce
amount of groundwater. This can be caused by amount of clay in weathered rock and very compact
condition in fresh rock. So there is no good porosity. Based on geoelectrical survey in Main Office,
there is no aquifer. Main Office is dominated by aquiclude and aquifuge. So, in the Main Office is not
capable producing amount of groundwater. The correlation of lithology and resistivity value can be
seen in Figure 18 until Figure 20.
Figure 18. The location of cross section A-A’
4-9
Figure 19. Lithological correlation VES 2, VES 1, and VES 3 in Main Office
Figure 20. Correlation of resistivity value VES 2, VES 1, and VES 3 in Main Office
4-10
4.3. HYDROGEOLOGICAL SURVEY
The objective survey is to determine the groundwater level, lithology from the outcrop, and type of
aquifer. This survey was conducted from 12 December 2020 until 16 December 2020.
From this survey, we found 3 lithologies which are dominated in the location. First is conglomeratic
sandstone. This rock is partly of Bohorok Formation. Conglomeratic sandstone is sedimentary rock
which composed by mostly andesite fragments. This fragments are rounded with grain size of >2 mm.
The matrix of this rock is sand. The lithology only permits the water, but does not yield the water in
sufficient quantity.
Figure 21. The outcrop of conglomeratic sandstone in the location
Quartzose Sandstone and Meta-claystone are the second lithology which dominated in this area. Also
like the conglomeratic sandstone, the lithologies are partly of Bohorok Formation. From the
observation, this lithologies are slightly metamorfosed. So the rocks hardly permits the water.
Figure 22. The outcrop of quartzose sandstone in the location
4-11
The last is ignimbrite which is part of Toba Tuff. This rock is composed by dust material consisting of
pumice and glass. This rock has a good porosity so it is supposed to be an aquifer in this area. At the
location, the spreadness is so narrow. It is difficult to find the groundwater at the location. The
spreadness of these lithology is often found in the residential areas of local population, northern of
location, so that local people can easily get the groundwater. Groundwater used by local residents is
obtained from dug wells with a depth of 3 m - 8 m, and the average depth of boreholes used by
residents is 15 m - 30 m.
Figure 23. The outcrop of ignimbrite in the residential areas of local population
Figure 24. The dug well and borehole well in the residential areas of local population
4-12
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the discussion that has been carried out in relation to this study, several conclusions can be
made as follows:
1. Camp Labor WA3 area has an aquifer only near VES 9 which is far from the camp.
2. Camp Labor WA3 is dominated by aquitard and aquifuge which is not capable producing
amount of groundwater.
3. Main Office is dominated by aquiclude and aquifuge which is not capable producing amount
of groundwater.
4. Based on regional hydrogeological map, Camp Labor WA3 and Main Office is dominated by
poorly productive aquifers of local importance. Limited groundwater can be obtained in the
valleys and weathered zones.
5. The aquifer can be found in the northern of Camp Labor WA3 which is in the residential areas
of local population. The lithology in this area is ignimbrite with shallow groundwater and wells
yield generally less than 5 l/sec.
5-1
GLOSSARY
Aquiclude
An aquiclude is a geological formation which is impermeable to the flow of water. It contains a large
amount of water in it but it does not permit water through it and also does not yield water. It is
because of its high porosity. Clay is an example of aquiclude.
Aquifer
An aquifer is a saturated formation of the earth. It not only stores the water but also yields it in
adequate quantity. Aquifers are highly permeable formations and hence they are considered as main
sources of groundwater applications. Unconsolidated deposits of sand and gravel are examples of an
aquifer.
Aquifug
An aquifuge is an impermeable geological formation which is neither porous nor permeable – which
means it cannot store water in it and at the same time it cannot permit water through it. Compact
rock is an example of aquifuge.
Aquitard
An aquitard is also a saturated formation. It permits the water through it but does not yield water in
sufficient quantity as much as aquifer does. It is because of their partly permeable nature. But
however, if there is an aquifer under the aquitard then the water from aquitard may seep into the
aquifer. Sandy clay is a perfect example of an aquitard.
x
REFERENCES
Clarke, M.C.G., Ghazali, S.A., Harahap, H., Kusyono, and Stephenson, B., 1982, Peta Geologi Bersisitem
Indonesia Lembar Pematangsiantar Skala 1:250.000, Pusat Pengembangan Geologi
Freeze, R.A.,and Cherry, J.A., 1979, Groundwater, Pretince-Hall, Inc, United States.
Republic of Indonesia, 2017, Peraturan Menteri ESDM No. 02 Tahun 2017 tentang Cekungan Air Tanah
di Indonesia, Indonesia.
Republic of Indonesia, 2017, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 492 Tahun 2010 tentang Persyaratan
Kualitas Air Minum.
Sukrisna, 2004, Peta Hidrogeologi Indonesia Lembar Pematangsiantar dan Tebingtinggi Skala
1:250.000, Direktorat Tata Lingkungan Geologi dan Kawasan Pertambangan
Telford, W. M., L.P. Geldart, and R.E. Sheriff. 1990. Applied Geophysics 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge
Univ. Press.
x
APPENDIX A
DOCUMENTATION
Figure A.1. Geoelectrical survey in VES 1, Main Office Area
A-1
A-2
A-3
Figure A.7. Geoelectrical survey in VES 4, Camp Labor WA3 Area
A-4
A-5
A-6
A-7
A-8
A-9
APPENDIX B
ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING DATA OF GEOELECTRICAL
SURVEY
VES 1
AB/2 MN/2 V/I (ohm) K Rho(ohm*m)

2 1 1689.164097 4.71239 7960
4 1 434.8121331 23.5619 10245
6 1 245.2985654 54.9779 13486
8 1 156.0627404 98.9602 15444
10 1 111.9999486 155.509 17417
10 2 224.6737986 75.3982 16940
15 2 114.2113117 173.573 19824
20 2 84.5545917 311.018 26298
25 2 64.53954221 487.732 31478
30 2 49.98031879 703.717 35172
40 2 33.44874352 1253.5 41928
40 10 174.6845543 235.619 41159
60 10 90.91107518 549.779 49981
80 10 55.29899899 989.602 54724
100 10 37.26536728 1555.09 57951
100 20 76.15301161 753.982 57418
125 20 53.65329453 1195.77 64157
150 20 36.62205527 1735.73 63566
150 30 56.33482763 1130.97 63713
200 30 30.06051962 2047.27 61542
250 30 19.21329956 3225.37 61970
300 30 12.39328056 4665.27 57818
300 40 16.31215684 3471.46 56627
VES 1
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
Field Curve Synthetic Curve Error = 2.76%
B-1
VES 2

2 1 182.0732155 4.71239 858
4 1 62.00688399 23.5619 1461
6 1 41.41664196 54.9779 2277
8 1 33.00316693 98.9602 3266
10 1 31.84381611 155.509 4952
10 2 44.53687223 75.3982 3358
15 2 37.6498649 173.573 6535
20 2 25.51620807 311.018 7936
25 2 21.87471808 487.732 10669
30 2 17.57808892 703.717 12370
40 2 11.98404467 1253.5 15022
40 10 57.58873436 235.619 13569
60 10 29.69374967 549.779 16325
80 10 19.48460088 989.602 19282
100 10 15.19654811 1555.09 23632
100 20 28.57495272 753.982 21545
125 20 21.28084832 1195.77 25447
150 20 15.2131956 1735.73 26406
150 30 21.68315694 1130.97 24523
200 30 12.42972349 2047.27 25447
250 30 8.111627503 3225.37 26163
300 30 5.354674006 4665.27 24981
300 40 7.766472896 3471.46 26961
VES 2
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
Field Curve Synthetic Curve

Error = 7.04%
B-2
VES 3

2 1 110.7718164 4.71239 522
4 1 41.33792266 23.5619 974
6 1 22.4453826 54.9779 1234
8 1 15.40013056 98.9602 1524
10 1 10.74535879 155.509 1671
10 2 19.43017207 75.3982 1465
15 2 10.27809625 173.573 1784
20 2 6.125047425 311.018 1905
25 2 4.172373353 487.732 2035
30 2 3.342252638 703.717 2352
40 2 2.003988831 1253.5 2512
40 10 10.11378539 235.619 2383
60 10 4.880142748 549.779 2683
80 10 2.606098209 989.602 2579
100 10 1.866772984 1555.09 2903
100 20 3.558440387 753.982 2683
125 20 2.697006949 1195.77 3225
150 20 2.481952838 1735.73 4308
150 30 2.544718251 1130.97 2878
200 30 2.530198752 2047.27 5180
250 30 1.880714461 3225.37 6066
300 30 1.300246288 4665.27 6066
300 40 1.86607364 3471.46 6478
VES 3
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
B-3
VES 4

2 1 2892.587413 4.71239 13631
4 1 857.783116 23.5619 20211
6 1 552.3674058 54.9779 30368
8 1 386.7716516 98.9602 38275
10 1 310.2199873 155.509 48242
10 2 550.4640694 75.3982 41504
15 2 312.0243356 173.573 54159
20 2 222.0321653 311.018 69056
25 2 174.3703509 487.732 85046
30 2 134.1164133 703.717 94380
40 2 76.16992421 1253.5 95479
40 10 391.3988261 235.619 92221
60 10 177.7332346 549.779 97714
80 10 98.74070586 989.602 97714
100 10 64.30495984 1555.09 100000
100 20 132.6291609 753.982 100000
125 20 91.99093471 1195.77 110000
150 20 69.13517655 1735.73 120000
150 30 97.26164266 1130.97 110000
200 30 58.61464291 2047.27 120000
250 30 37.20503384 3225.37 120000
300 30 25.72198394 4665.27 120000
300 40 34.56758828 3471.46 120000
VES 4
1000000
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
B-4
VES 5

2 1 756.9407456 4.71239 3567
4 1 188.1002805 23.5619 4432
6 1 95.22007934 54.9779 5235
8 1 62.47966354 98.9602 6183
10 1 42.02329126 155.509 6535
10 2 85.87738169 75.3982 6475
15 2 50.61847177 173.573 8786
20 2 27.22350475 311.018 8467
25 2 18.52041695 487.732 9033
30 2 12.95549205 703.717 9117
40 2 7.977662545 1253.5 10000
40 10 40.5230478 235.619 9548
60 10 20.70286424 549.779 11382
80 10 12.73340191 989.602 12601
100 10 8.028474236 1555.09 12485
100 20 15.37835121 753.982 11595
125 20 11.03640332 1195.77 13197
150 20 8.897697222 1735.73 15444
150 30 12.56532004 1130.97 14211
200 30 8.909914178 2047.27 18241
250 30 5.450227416 3225.37 17579
300 30 4.171462745 4665.27 19461
300 40 5.402337921 3471.46 18754
VES 5
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
B-5
VES 6

2 1 224.3023179 4.71239 1057
4 1 62.13420819 23.5619 1464
6 1 36.39644293 54.9779 2001
8 1 25.94982629 98.9602 2568
10 1 18.28190008 155.509 2843
10 2 37.36163463 75.3982 2817
15 2 15.78586531 173.573 2740
20 2 10.02835849 311.018 3119
25 2 6.821369113 487.732 3327
30 2 5.381424635 703.717 3787
40 2 2.938970882 1253.5 3684
40 10 15.92401292 235.619 3752
60 10 7.017365159 549.779 3858
80 10 4.237056918 989.602 4193
100 10 3.692390794 1555.09 5742
100 20 6.329063559 753.982 4772
125 20 5.618973548 1195.77 6719
150 20 4.129674546 1735.73 7168
150 30 6.397163497 1130.97 7235
200 30 4.975894728 2047.27 10187
250 30 3.015778035 3225.37 9727
300 30 2.345844935 4665.27 10944
300 40 3.174456857 3471.46 11020
VES 6
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
B-6
VES 7

2 1 4900.061328 4.71239 23091
4 1 831.087476 23.5619 19582
6 1 374.2049078 54.9779 20573
8 1 212.0448423 98.9602 20984
10 1 161.2061038 155.509 25069
10 2 352.8068309 75.3982 26601
15 2 188.6122842 173.573 32738
20 2 144.4032178 311.018 44912
25 2 104.7070932 487.732 51069
30 2 74.01981194 703.717 52089
40 2 45.42002393 1253.5 56934
40 10 210.411724 235.619 49577
60 10 100.9423787 549.779 55496
80 10 72.66355565 989.602 71908
100 10 54.53317814 1555.09 84804
100 20 119.2561626 753.982 89917
125 20 117.0793715 1195.77 1.40E+05
150 20 92.18023541 1735.73 1.60E+05
150 30 141.4714802 1130.97 1.60E+05
200 30 87.92196437 2047.27 1.80E+05
250 30 55.80755076 3225.37 1.80E+05
300 30 42.86997323 4665.27 2.00E+05
300 40 51.85138242 3471.46 1.80E+05
VES 7
1000000
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
B-7
VES 8

2 1 5767.349477 4.71239 27178
4 1 1297.688217 23.5619 30576
6 1 758.0500528 54.9779 41676
8 1 505.0919461 98.9602 49984
10 1 429.3513559 155.509 66768
10 2 709.1150717 75.3982 53466
15 2 500.1757186 173.573 86817
20 2 385.829759 311.018 1.20E+05
25 2 389.5582 487.732 1.90E+05
30 2 326.8359298 703.717 2.30E+05
40 2 231.3522138 1253.5 2.90E+05
40 10 1061.034976 235.619 2.50E+05
60 10 545.6738071 549.779 3.00E+05
80 10 323.3623214 989.602 3.20E+05
100 10 231.4978554 1555.09 3.60E+05
100 20 411.1503988 753.982 3.10E+05
125 20 284.3356164 1195.77 3.40E+05
150 20 201.6442649 1735.73 3.50E+05
150 30 335.9947656 1130.97 3.80E+05
200 30 185.6130359 2047.27 3.80E+05
250 30 117.8159405 3225.37 3.80E+05
300 30 87.88344512 4665.27 4.10E+05
300 40 100.8221325 3471.46 3.50E+05
VES 8
1000000
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
B-8
VES 9

2 1 1111.962295 4.71239 5240
4 1 233.8945501 23.5619 5511
6 1 114.6278777 54.9779 6302
8 1 73.15062015 98.9602 7239
10 1 68.79987653 155.509 10699
10 2 83.34416471 75.3982 6284
15 2 69.20431173 173.573 12012
20 2 47.67248198 311.018 14827
25 2 35.55846243 487.732 17343
30 2 25.01573786 703.717 17604
40 2 16.8440367 1253.5 21114
40 10 57.46141016 235.619 13539
60 10 31.37988173 549.779 17252
80 10 19.58666211 989.602 19383
100 10 14.04227408 1555.09 21837
100 20 23.82550247 753.982 17964
125 20 17.3043311 1195.77 20692
150 20 14.01197191 1735.73 24321
150 30 24.7698878 1130.97 28014
200 30 20.08479585 2047.27 41119
250 30 17.26034532 3225.37 55671
300 30 16.26486784 4665.27 75880
300 40 21.85823832 3471.46 75880
VES 9
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
1 10 100 1000
B-9
APPENDIX C
INTERPRETATION RESULTS
C-1
C-2
C-3
C-4
C-5
C-6
C-7
C-8
C-9
APPENDIX D
WORKLOG REPORTS
Jumlah Tenaga Tenaga
No Tanggal Hari Pukul Kegiatan Kendala Peralatan
Lokal Subkon
-Peralatan
1 12/3/2020 Kamis - Mobilisasi Hujan 1 Orang Geolistrik 1
Set
- Peralatan
08.00 -.09.00 - Rapid Test Geolistrik 1
Set
- Aki mobil 2
09.30 - 10.00 - Survey Lokasi Pukul 17.00 Buah ( 65 Ah &
hujan besar, 35 Ah )
Rony Setiawan
2 12/4/2020 Jum'at jadi tidak 2 Orang - APD ( Sepatu
( SKM )
10.00 - 11.00 - Safety Induction meneruskan Boot, Helm
pengukuran dan Rompi )
- Pengukuran Geolistrik di Main
14.00 - 17.00 Office ( VES 1 ), pengukuran baru
sampai 200 m
- Peralatan
- Safety Induction ( Penambahan
08.30 - 09.00 Geolistrik 1
Tenaga Lokal 1 Orang )
Pukul 14.00 Set
tidak - Aki mobil 2
meneruskan Rony Setiawan Buah ( 65 Ah &
3 12/5/2020 Sabtu 3 Orang 35 Ah )
- Pengukuran Geolistrik di Main pengukuran ( SKM )
10.00 - 12.30 Office ( VES 2 ) & penerusan karena
- APD ( Sepatu
pengukuran di VES 1 hujan
Boot, Helm
dan Rompi )
- Peralatan
- Pengukuran Geolistrik di Main Pukul 14.00 Rony Setiawan
4 12/6/2020 Minggu 08.30 - 11.00 3 Orang Geolistrik 1
Office ( VES 3 ) Hujan ( SKM )
Set
D-1
- Aki mobil 2
Buah ( 65 Ah &
35 Ah )
13.00 - 14.00 - Survey Lokasi di WA 2
- APD ( Sepatu
Boot, Helm
dan Rompi )
- Terjadi
demo
- Peralatan
- Pengukuran Geolistrik di WA 2 ( warga di
08.00 - 12.00 Geolistrik 1
VES 4 ) WA 2,
Set
selesai
pukul 12.00
- Saat mau
ngukur
terjadi
- Aki mobil 2
- Mengambil peralatan Geolistrik di kesalahan
12.30 - 13.00 Buah ( 65 Ah &
WA 2 lokasi, tapi
35 Ah )
dalam
Rony Setiawan
5 12/7/2020 Senin kontrak di 3 Orang
( SKM )
WA 2
-
- Survey lokasi yang sudah
14.00 -.15.00 Pengukuran
dipindahkan dari WA 2 ke WA 3
sampai 10
m, cok
kabel putus - APD ( Sepatu
untuk ke Boot, Helm
mesinnya dan Rompi )
15.00 - 16.00 - Pengukuran di WA 3 ( VES 4 )
jadi harus
beli dulu
barangnya
ke kota
D-2
- Peralatan
Geolistrik 1
Set
Pukul 14.30 - Aki mobil 2
- Pengukuran Geolistrik di WA 3 ( Buah ( 65 Ah &
hujan, reda Rony Setiawan
6 12/8/2020 Selasa 08.00 - 17.20 VES 5 & 6 ), penerusan pengukuran 3 Orang 35 Ah )
lagi pukul ( SKM )
di VES 4
15.00
- APD ( Sepatu
Boot, Helm
dan Rompi )
7 12/9/2020 Rabu Menunggu Hasil Geolistrik

8 12/10/2020 Kamis Menunggu Konfirmasi
- Diskusi hasil geolistrik dari 6 titik Rony Setiawan
yang sudah diukur - Akuifer dan M. Ikhwan
9 12/11/2020 Jum'at 10.00 - 11.00
sangat tipis Saputra ( SKM
- Tambahan 3 titik di labourcamp )
08.30 - 09.00 - Rapid Test

09.15 - 10.00 - Safety Induction Rony Setiawan
- APD ( Sepatu
dan M. Ikhwan
10 12/12/2020 Sabtu Boot, Helm
Saputra ( SKM
- Survey Lokasi dimana cari titik dan Rompi )
11.00 - 14.00 )
akuifer
- Peralatan
- Pengukuran tambahan geolistrik di Hujan pukul Rony Setiawan Geolistrik 1
WA 3 ( VES 7 & 8 ) 08.00, reda dan M. Ikhwan Set
11 12/13/2020 Minggu 08.00 -16.20 2 Orang
- Pengamatan data singkapan batuan lagi pukul Saputra ( SKM - Aki mobil 2
di sekitar lokasi 09.15 ) Buah ( 65 Ah &
35 Ah )
D-3
- APD ( Sepatu
Boot, Helm
dan Rompi )
- Survey semua tempat yang di WA 3 - Peralatan

08.30 - 12.00 - Pengamatan data singkapan batuan Geolistrik 1
di sekitar area Set
Rony Setiawan
dan M. Ikhwan - Aki mobil 2
12 12/14/2020 Senin 2 Orang
Saputra ( SKM Buah ( 65 Ah &
- Pengukuran tambahan geolistrik di ) 35 Ah )
13.00 - 16.00
WA 3 ( VES 9 ) - APD ( Sepatu
Boot, Helm
dan Rompi )
- Menunggu pengolahan hasil
Rony Setiawan
Geolistrik
dan M. Ikhwan
13 12/15/2020 Selasa - Pengamatan data singkapan batuan 2 Orang
Saputra ( SKM
di area pemukiman warga dekat
)
WA3
- Diskusi dari hasil geolistrik semua
titik Rony Setiawan
09.00 - 11.00 dan M. Ikhwan
14 12/16/2020 Rabu - Pengamatan sumur warga dekat 2 Orang
WA3 Saputra ( SKM
)
15.00 - 16.00 - Diskusi kembali tentang geolistrik
Rony Setiawan
dan M. Ikhwan
15 12/17/2020 Kamis 08.30 - 14.00 - Demobilisasi 2 Orang
Saputra ( SKM
)
D-4

060121-Asahan Groundwater Investigation Report (Revised)

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DEEP GROUNDWATER INVESTIGATION IN ASAHAN 3

HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT, NORTH SUMATERA

Bandung, December 2020

PT. Suwanda Karya Mandiri

Figure 1. The location of geoelectrical survey ..................................................................................... 1-2

Table 1. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA 3 .................................................. 4-1

1.2. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE WORK

Figure 1. The location of geoelectrical survey

GEOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITION

2.1. REGIONAL GEOLOGY

2.2. REGIONAL HYDROGEOLOGY

Δ𝑉𝑉 = 𝑉𝑉𝑀𝑀 − 𝑉𝑉𝑁𝑁

Figure 7. Ambrogeo Mangusta Resistivitimeter, which is used in this project

Figure 8. Illustration of the Schlumberger configuration measurement (Møller, 2006)

VES (Vertical Electrical Sounding) geoelectrical survey covers:

Figure 9. Rock resistivity table (Loke, 1999)

4.1. CAMP LABOUR WA3

Table 1. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA 3

5 VES 8 543762 285490 110

Figure 11. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA3

Table 2. Litological interpretation at VES 4

Table 3. Litological interpretation at VES 5

Table 4. Litological interpretation at VES 6

Table 5. Litological interpretation at VES 7

Table 6. Litological interpretation at VES 8

Table 7. Litological interpretation at VES 9

4.1.7. Summary of Camp Labour WA3

Figure 12. The location of cross section B-B’ and C-C’

4.2. MAIN OFFICE

Table 8. The location of geoelectrical survey in Main Office

Figure 17. The location of geoelectrical survey in Camp Labour WA3

Table 9. Litological interpretation at VES 1

Table 10. Litological interpretation at VES 2

Table 11. Litological interpretation at VES 3

4.2.4. Summary of Main Office

Figure 18. The location of cross section A-A’

4.3. HYDROGEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Figure 21. The outcrop of conglomeratic sandstone in the location

Figure 22. The outcrop of quartzose sandstone in the location

Figure A.1. Geoelectrical survey in VES 1, Main Office Area

Figure A.2. Geoelectrical survey in VES 1, Main Office Area

Figure A.3. Geoelectrical survey in VES 2, Main Office Area

Figure A.4. Geoelectrical survey in VES 2, Main Office Area

Figure A.5. Geoelectrical survey in VES 3, Main Office Area

Figure A.6. Geoelectrical survey in VES 3, Main Office Area

Figure A.7. Geoelectrical survey in VES 4, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.8. Geoelectrical survey in VES 4, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.9. Geoelectrical survey in VES 5, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.10. Geoelectrical survey in VES 5, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.11. Geoelectrical survey in VES 6, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.12. Geoelectrical survey in VES 6, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.13. Geoelectrical survey in VES 7, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.14. Geoelectrical survey in VES 7, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.15. Geoelectrical survey in VES 8, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.16. Geoelectrical survey in VES 8, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.17. Geoelectrical survey in VES 9, Camp Labor WA3 Area

Figure A.18. Geoelectrical survey in VES 9, Camp Labor WA3 Area

AB/2 MN/2 V/I (ohm) K Rho(ohm*m)

Field Curve Synthetic Curve Error = 2.76%

AB/2 MN/2 V/I (ohm) K Rho(ohm*m)

Field Curve Synthetic Curve

AB/2 MN/2 V/I (ohm) K Rho(ohm*m)