DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

EXPERIMENT #1
TITLE: PETROL ENGINE THROTTLE TORQUE CURVES
(WOT AND PART THROTTLE)

NAME: NURULLIYANA BINTI AZIZ (1618392)

SECTION: 1

INSTURCTURE’S NAME: DR. TENGKU NORDAYANA AKMA

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 16TH NOVEMBER 2020

1. INTRODUCTION

A dynamometer also known as ‘dyno’ is a device that measures the forces, power or speed.
The dyno usually applied in a car engine where the application of dyno is to duplicate
various speed (RPM) and torque (Nm or lb-ft). Thus, the power (HP or kW) can be
calculated together with studying the performance of the engine. In this experiment, the
DynoMonitor simulation has been used to run the simulation in order to find the behaviours
of the engine torque and throttle. In this simulation, there are various parameter can be
change such as the value of torques, loads, speeds and power according to the preferences.

The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of throttle and engine torque on
the torque and power of the internal combustion engine. The speed and throttle affect the
efficiency of the internal combustion engine prodigiously. There are two air throttle valve
which are wide open throttle valve where the air flow function as valve timing, intake and
exhaust while the part throttle valve the air flow is reduced via the throttle valve restriction.
Specifically, in this experiment in order to find the torque, speed and power, the manual
load and throttle has been assigned to particular value. The experiment has been divided to
two parts where the throttle with 50% and 100% and the dynamometer load has been set to
certain value so that it will gave a desired speed.

2. OBJECTIVES

There are the objectives of this experiment:

a) To investigate the effect of throttle and torque engine on the torque and power of
the internal combustion engine.
b) To differentiate between the wide-open throttle (WOT) torque curves and part
throttle torque curve.

3. PROCEDURE

i. The log file has been labelled and saved.

ii. The Dynamometer Controller has been placed in manual mode “man” with 0%
load.
iii. The data has been saved to data file separately from the .DAT extension.
iv. The throttle has been set to 100% and triggered the “over speed” alarm.
 v. The no load WOT speed reading has been saved.
vi. The manual load has been increased gradually started at 10% when the engine
is below the “red line”.
vii. The alarm has been reset when the engine reached below speed 7400rpm.
viii. The “save” button has been pressed after dyno reached the desired speed when
the manual load has been increase gradually.
ix. The load has been reduced to 0 and throttle to 5%.
x. The screenshot has been captured to capture the behaviours of the engine
xi. All the data have been recorded.
xii. The steps iv-xi has been repeated by changing the throttle to 50%.

4. RESULTS

The Table 1 shows the data recorded from the DynoMonitor simulation for the varying the
throttle value to 50% (part throttle) and 100% (wide-open throttle) and varying the manual
load to get the desired speed.

Point Speed (RPM) WOT Torque (Nm) Speed (RPM) Part Torque (Nm)
1 7003 108.05 6501 18.77
2 6476 118.52 6012 25.61
3 6003 122.52 5514 26.04
4 5489 123.42 4999 27.83
5 5003 124.14 4501 32.75
6 4495 125.07 4001 33.7
7 4023 123.04 3498 36.3
8 3503 119.90 3003 38.87
9 3017 115.21 2500 41.09
10 2502 113.83 1999 41.44

Table 1 The data of torque at different speed by varying throttle value =50% and 100%
Next, in Figure 1 is the graph of torque versus speed for the wide-open throttle (WOT)
whereas the torque increase uniformly when speed increase however as the speed reached
5003rpm the torque decrease while the speed keeps on increasing.

Torque versus speed for throttle=100%

125.07
126 124.14
123.04 123.42
124 122.52
122 119.9
120 118.52
Torque (Nm)

118
115.21
116 113.83
114
112
110 108.05
108
106
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
Speed(rpm)

Figure 1 The graph of torque versus speed for the throttle= 100% (WOT)

The Figure 2 is graph of torque versus speed with part throttle. The torque is directly
proportional to the speed where torque decreasing with speed.

Torque versus speed for throttle=50%

45 41.44 41.09
38.87
40 36.3
33.7 32.75
35
27.83
30 26.04 25.61
Torque(Nm)

25
18.77
20
15
10
5
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
Speed(rpm)

Figure 2 The graph of torque versus speed for the throttle=50% (Part throttle)
5. DISCUSSION

5.1 The maximum torque value is 125.07Nm with WOT where the amount of air per
cycle is maximum and resultant in the maximum torque at WOT is higher than part
throttle which is 41.44Nm because when torque is directly proportional to throttle.
5.2 The maximum torque occurs at speed 4495rpm for WOT and 1999rpm for part
throttle.
5.3 The maximum power of the engine for WOT is 80387.7W.
5.4 The speed when the maximum power occurred is at 6476rpm for WOT because
maximum power is product of torque and speed but as the speed of engine
increasing, the maximum torque drops off slightly but the speed continues to
increase thus making the maximum power is not at the maximum torque. If value
of torque decrease is less than increase in speed, the power will increase as the
speeds increased.
5.5 The highest BMEP if the engine is 4-stroke and 1.5 litre = 0.0015m3 with maximum
torque of 125.07Nm is as follow:
2𝜋𝜂𝑇 2𝜋(2)(125.07)
BMEP = = = 1047783 Nm-2 = 1.048 MPa
𝑉 0.0015

5.6 Based on the data obtained, the graphs WOT and part throttle are not in the same
behaviours.
5.7 The throttle range of 1-5 is useful at red line speed.
5.8 The efficiency of the engine will be reduced if the engine is suffering flow losses
pumping air at the part throttle because air flow losses are directly proportional to
flow speed thus higher speed flow losses reduce the volumetric efficiency of the
engine.
5.9 Based on data collected, the engine efficiency will be higher with 50% throttle
compared to 100% throttle because the torque remains constant after achieved it
maximum power.

6. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, both of the objectives of this experiment has been achieved. The maximum
torque and speed achieved in WOT is higher than 50% throttle. The curves of WOT torque
drop significantly after achieved maximum power however the curve for 50% throttle
remain constant after achieved it maximum power. Last but not last, the higher the throttle
and engine torque, the higher the power for internal combustion engine.

7. APPENDIX

The Dynometer Monitor for throttle 100%.

The Dynometer Monitor for throttle 50%.