4.

1) Design Pvt heat pump system for residential building

The results have been found by using GeoT*SOL program and PV*SOL.
GeoT*SOL is a dynamic simulation program for professional planning, calculation and design of
geothermal/ solar systems.
Pvt panel selected: M3 375 L Landscape from triple solar company
Specifications:
 PVT heat pump panels for heat and electricity
 Brine system for water / water heat pump
 Gas-free and energy-neutral heating and hot water
 Quality certificate Solar Keymark
 Gas-free and energy-neutral heating and hot water
 Modular system for large and small roofs
 Silent solution for when an outdoor unit is not an option
Triple Solar® heat pump panels are connected to a brine/water heat pump, just like a ground source
heat exchanger for geothermal energy.

Figure 1: Pvt heat pump system

Table1: M3 375 L Landscape Pvt Specifications

Overall dimensions (mm) 1791 x 1055 x 65

Weight (kg) 27
Overall surface (m2) 1.89
PV panel material Glass
Heat exchanger tube Copper
Heat exchanger fin Aluminum
Surface treatment Black powder coating
 Table2: PV panel Specifications

Manufacturer BISOL (EU)

Type Monocrystalline half cut cell Duplex
Nominal power (W) 375
Short circuit current (A) 11.40
Short circuit voltage (V) 41.9
MPP current (A) 10.75
MPP voltage (V) 34.9
Solar cell efficiency (%) 21.7
Module efficiency (%) 20.2
Temperature range (°C) - 40 – + 95

Table3: Heat exchanger collector Specifications

Meander tube (mm) 12 x 0.3
Header tube (mm) 22 x 1.0
Volume fluid (L) 3
Heat exchanger tube Copper
Heat exchanger fin Aluminum
Thickness fin (mm) 0.18
Maximum pressure (bar) 6
Specific flow (L/min) 2 – 4 per panel
Heat exchange capacity Air to liquid, U value 62
W
( ∗k ¿
m2
Optical Efficiency (%) 47
2 177
Heat capacity ( KJ /( m ∗K ))

Site data:
Climate data
Climate data record: Amman (Shafa Badran)
Annual sum of global irradiation: 2,077,720 Wh/m²
Longitude: -35.98 ° E
Latitude: 31.98 ° N
Domestic Hot Water
Average daily usage: 160 l
Target temperature: 54 °C
Cold water temperature in February: 15.5 °C
Cold water temperature in August: 20.5 °C
One-way length of piping system: 10 m
Temperature spread supply/return: 5.0 K
Specific losses: 0.30 W/(m*K).

Space Heating
Heated useable area: 172 m²
Indoor temperature: 23.0 °C
Heating limit temperature: 10 °C
Feed/Return of low temperature loop: 35.0/28.0 °C.

 Heat pump system with combination tank and Pvt panel support (water to water).

Figure 2:Heat pump system with combination tank and Pvt panel support (water to water).

System components:
Heat pump
Manufacturer: Standard
Construction type: Water/water
Nominal heating power: 19.0 kW
Electrical nominal output: 3.1 kW
Power of heating element: 9.0 kW
Mode of operation: mono energetic / parallel
Heating element out of service above: -5.0 °C
Groundwater
Minimum groundwater temperature: 8.0 °C on 03/01
Maximum groundwater temperature: 12.0 °C on 09/01
Power input of the groundwater pump for continuous operation after start-up: 150 W
Groundwater pump volume flow: 4,480 l/h

Combination tank
Manufacturer: Standard
Model: Standard Speicher
Volume: 750 L
Tank losses: 2.40 kWh/d

Solar Loop
Manufacturer: GASOKOL GmbH
Construction type: Flat-plate collector
Number: 12
Gross surface area (total): 20.16 m 2
Inclination (tilt angle): 30 °
Orientation (north=0°, east=90°): 180 °
Azimuth (south=0°, west=90°): 0 °

Results of the annual simulation

Utilized energy / Year

Space Heating: 14,808 kWh
Domestic hot water: 2,400 kWh

Energy generated / Year

Supplied by heat pump: 13,499 kWh
Supplied by elec. heating rod: 793 kWh
Supplied by solar system: 4,453 kWh

Seasonal Heat Performance Factors (from simulation)

SPF of heat pump: 5.5
SPF of heat pump system: 4.3
SPF generator system (HP + solar thermal): 5.4

Power consumption / Year

Heat pump: 2,476 kWh
Heating element: 793 kWh
Auxiliary energy: 119 kWh
Solar loop pump: 91 kWh

Losses / Year
Tank losses: 797 kWh
Fraction of solar tank losses: 317 kWh
Solar loop piping indoors: 545 kWh
Solar loop piping outdoors: 102 kWh
Primary energy savings and CO2 prevention
Primary energy savings: 19,404 kWh
CO2 emissions avoided: 4,802 kg

Figure 3:Generated energy and performance factor

 Heat pump system with combination tank and Pvt panel support (Brine to water) ground.

Figure 4:Heat pump system with combination tank and Pvt panel support (Air to water) ground.
System components:
Heat pump
Manufacturer: Standard
Construction type: Brine/Water
Nominal heating power: 18.0 kW
Electrical nominal output: 4.2 kW
Power of heating element: 9.0 kW
Mode of operation: mono energetic / parallel
Heating element out of service above: -5.0 °C.

Geothermal collector
Area: 200.0 m²
Laying depth: 1.5 m
Groundwater depth: 10 m
Nominal output of brine pump: 264 W
Brine pump volume flow: 4,230 L/h
Spec. heat capacity: 1.5 MJ/(m³*K)
Conductivity: 0.4 W/(m*K)

Combination tank
Manufacturer: Standard
Model: Standard Speicher
Volume: 750 L
Tank losses: 2.40 kWh/d

Solar Loop
Manufacturer: GASOKOL GmbH
Construction type: Flat-plate collector
Number: 12
Gross surface area (total): 20.16 m 2
Inclination (tilt angle): 30 °
Orientation (north=0°, east=90°): 180 °
Azimuth (south=0°, west=90°): 0 °

Results of the annual simulation

Utilized energy / Year

Space Heating: 14,775 kWh
Domestic hot water: 2,374 kWh
Energy generated / Year
Supplied by heat pump: 10,283 kWh
Supplied by elec. heating rod: 3,842 kWh
Supplied by solar system: 4,607 kWh

Seasonal Heat Performance Factors (from simulation)

SPF of heat pump: 3.8
SPF of heat pump system: 2.1
SPF generator system (HP + solar thermal): 2.8

Power consumption / Year

Heat pump: 2,679 kWh
Heating element: 3,842 kWh
Auxiliary energy: 166 kWh
Solar loop pump: 92 kWh

Losses / Year
Tank losses: 789 kWh
Fraction of solar tank losses: 315 kWh
Solar loop piping indoors: 540 kWh
Solar loop piping outdoors: 101 kWh

Primary energy savings and CO2 prevention

Primary energy savings: 6,010 kWh
CO2 emissions avoided: 1,487 kg
Max. power extracted from the ground: 27,615.50 W

Figure 5: Generated energy and performance factor

  Grid-connecting PVT system with electrical application and heat pump.

Figure 6:Photovoltaic System Diagram

Consumption:
Total consumption: 7200 KWh.
Number of panels: 20
PV Surface: 22.3 m^2
Thermal System:
Thermal demand: 2354KWh
Combination tank
Manufacturer: Standard
Model: Standard Speicher
Volume:160 L
Tank losses: 2.40 kWh/d

Heat pump:
Type: 10KW
COP: 3.8
Results of the annual simulation
PV System:
PV Generator Output. 4.50 kWp

Spec.Annual Yield. 1992.63 kWh/kWp

Performance Ratio (OR). 88.26%
PV Generator Energy (AC grid). 9030 kWh/Year
Direct Own Use: 2902 kWh/Year
Heat pump: 65kWh/Year
Grid Feed-in. 6063 kWh/Year
co2 Emissions avoided: 4214 kg/Year

Figure 7:PV Generator Energy (AC grid)

Appliances:
Appliances. 7200 kWh/Year
Standby Consumption (Inverter). 63 kWh/Year
Heat pump 610 kWh/Year
total Consumption. 7873 kWh/Year
covered by PV power. 2967 kWh/Year
covered by grid. 4907 kWh/Year
Solar Fraction. 37.7%

Figure 8:Total consumption

Thermal system:
Heating demand. 2354 kWh/Year
Thermal losses. 418 kWh/Year
Total heat demand. 2772 kWh/Year
covered by boiler. 17 kWh/Year
covered by heat pump. 2755 kWh/Year
Electrical energy consumption of the heat pump. 610 kWh/Year
of which is solar. 65 kWh/Year
Solar Fraction (Thermal system): 10.5%
co2 Emissions avoided: 377 kg/Year

Figure 9: Total Heat Demand

Use of PV Energy:

Figure 10: Use of PV Energy

4.2) Economic Analysis

The economic analysis of the Pvt heat pump system will be analyzed based on the cost of
the components of the Pvt heat pump system and the manufacturing cost of it in addition to
the payback rate of this system.
4.2.1) Cost
 System (1) (Heat pump system with combination tank and Pvt panel support (water to water)):
Cost = (PVT panels +Heat Pump + combination Tank +Ground Water) = 7,200$
Heating Price = 0.122 $/KWh
 System (2) (Heat pump system with combination tank and Pvt panel support (Brine to water)
ground):
Cost = (PVT panels +Heat Pump + combination Tank +Geothermal collector) = 8,500$
Heating Price = 0.165 $/KWh
 System (3) (Grid-connecting PVT system with electrical application and heat pump.):
 Cost = (PVT panels +Heat Pump + combination Tank) = 6,750$
Heating Price = 0.163 $/KWh

4.2.2) Payback Rate:

The period of time elapsed before an investment is recouped.
Payback Rate = (cost of the system) / (Annual Electricity costs)
Payback Rate for system (1) = (7,200$/1750$/Year) = 4.11 Year
Payback Rate for system (2) = (9,000$/1750$/Year) = 5.2 Year
Payback Rate for system (3) = (6,750$ /1750$/Year) = 3.8 Year