The Influence of Social media on Addictive Behaviors in College Students

Social media has become a primary way for college students to communicate aspects of
their daily lives to those within their social network. Such communications often include substance
use displays. Furthermore, students’ substance use displays have been found robustly to predict not
only the posters’ substance use – related outcomes (e.g consumption, problems ) but also their
social networking peers.

Nearly 90 % of young adults ranging from 18-29 years old now use social media ( a
substantial 78 % percent increase from just a little over a decade ago). Additionally, those who have
at least some college education are more likely to use social media than those less educated. Posting
about substance use on social media is common among college students.

Due to the fact that social media use is now such a pervasive and prominent element in
college students’ lives, interactions with others on social media may redefine students’ perceptions
of, and engagement in, certain activities, including addictive behaviors. Most extant research has
uncovered that students’ and young adults’ communications on social media about substance use
generally receive positive reinforcement for posting such displays.

Although students may mostly receive publicly visible, positive reinforcement for their pro-
substance use displays, this does not necessarily mean that other students seeing such posts
privately agree with their behaviors.

Some students may avoid expressing negative attitudes about their friends’ displays online
because of incorrect assumptions that they themselves are in the minority. This effect, known as
pluralistic ignorance, results in a silent majority incorrectly perceiving that others are actually
engaging in addictive behaviors. Along these lines, according to the false consensus effect,
individuals overestimates the degree to which others agree with/engage in the risky behavior.

Students are increasingly relying on social media to communicate with one another about
their substance use experiences, even though such postings often breed misperceptions regarding
acceptance and prevalence of addictive behaviors. This might be exacerbated by social media user’s
reluctance to post dissenting viewpoints. Moreover, the literature generally indicates that college
students’ substance use displays uniquely influence not only the posters’ substance use-related
outcomes but also their social networking peers.

References :

1. Perrin A. Social media usage : 2005 – 2015. Pew Research Center ; Oct, 2015
2. Moreno MA, Arseniev-Koehler A,Litt D, Christakis D. Evaluating college students’ displayed
alcohol. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2016;58(5):527-32
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