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Math-9 Q2 Mod5
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Math-9 Q2 Mod5
Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 5
Simplifying Expressions with
Rational Exponents
CO_Q2_Mathematics9 _ Module 5
Mathematics – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 5 : Simplifying Expressions with Rational Exponents
First Edition, 2020
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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 5:
Simplifying Expressions with
Rational Exponents
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as
you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This
will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask
your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At
the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning.
Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest
in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to
our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help
you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this
SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in
this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
Lesson
Simplifying Expressions
1 with Rational Exponents
You have learned how to use exponents to express powers of numbers. In
this module, you will learn to simplify expressions with rational exponents
applying the laws of exponents on integers provided that the roots indicated in
the denominator exist.
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
The learners will be able to:
What I Know
Find out how much you already know about the module. Choose the letter
of the best answer. Assume all variables are positive. After taking and checking
this short test, take note of the items that you were not able to answer correctly
and look for the right answer as you go through this module. Write your answer
on a separate answer sheet.
1 1
1. Simplify a2 ∙ a3
1 1 2 5
A. a6 B. a3 C. a5 D. a6
1
x4
2. Find 1
x5
1 1 2
A. x B. x 20 C. x 10 D. x 9
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
1
2 3
3. Which of the following is the simplified form of (27y ) ? 5
2 1 2 1
A. 3y 15 B. 9y 5 C. 27y 15 D. 27y 5
2
3
−8x6
4. Simplify ( 1 3 )
y2 z2
3
5. What is (x16 )2 in simplified form?
A. x 48 B. x 32 C. x 24 D. x19/2
2
6. 5−5 is written in simplified form as
2 5
1 1
A. 2 B. −55 C. 52 D. 2
55
1 4
x2 y−2
7. ( 7 ) is equal to
−
yx 4
x5 x9 x6 x15
A. B. C. D.
y4 y12 y9 y10
3
(x3 y2 )2
8. Simplify 1
2
−1 − 4
(x y 3 )
19 17
19 19 17 17
x4 x4
A. 19 B. 17 C. x 4 y 6 D. x 4 y 6
y6 y6
1
9. Andrew said that x −4 will be equal to −x 4 . Is he correct?
1
A. Yes, he is correct. C. No, it should be 1
x4
1
B. No, it should be −x 4 D. No, it should be x 4
1 2
10. To simplify the expression m4 ∙ m3 , what will you do with their exponents?
A. add B. divide C. multiply D. subtract
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
What’s In
A. Simplify the following expressions. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Remember to apply the laws of exponents
1. 𝑥∙𝑥 6. (5𝑎6 𝑏 3 )0
2. (𝑦 2 )3 7. (𝑚𝑛4 )−1
−1
𝑥2
( )
3. (2𝑥𝑦 3 )5 8. 𝑦3
3
𝑛 6𝑎𝑏 0
( 4 )
4. 𝑛4 9. 2𝑎 𝑏
−2
𝑥 10 4𝑥 −2 𝑦 5
( )
5. 𝑥3 10. 8𝑥 6 𝑦 −2
1 1
1 2 2 2 6
( ) 3 𝑥 𝑦𝑧 3
𝑥 𝑦5 5 𝑦5
1
1 7𝑚3 3 𝑎 5
3𝑥 5 𝑎4 𝑏 −9 ( 2)
𝑛2 𝑏
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
What’s New
Mammals include humans and all other animals that are warm-
blooded vertebrates (vertebrates have backbones) with hair. They feed
their young with milk and have a more well-developed brain than other
types of animals.
Guide Questions:
1. Why are humans considered mammals?
2. Why should the amount of surface that a mammal presents to its environment
be of interest?
3. What is the formula in determining the surface area of a mammal?
4. Does the formula have expression with rational exponent(s)?
5. If the mass of a cat is 8,000 grams, find the approximate surface area of the cat.
6. What is the surface area of a cow if the approximate mass is 1,000 kilograms?
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
What is It
2
3
3 3
The expression (𝑘 𝑚 ) has rational exponents
2
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
PROPERTIES OF RATIONAL EXPONENTS
The properties of integral exponents can also be applied to rational exponents.
Let 𝑎 and 𝑏 be positive real numbers and let 𝑚 and 𝑛 be rational numbers. The
following properties have the same names as those listed on properties of integral
exponents, but now apply to rational exponents as illustrated.
PROPERTY EXAMPLE
1 3 1 3
1. Product of Powers 𝑎𝑚 ∙ 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚+𝑛 𝑎2 ∙ 𝑎2 = 𝑎
( + )
2 2 = 𝑎2
3 2 3
2. Power of Power (𝑎𝑚 )𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚𝑛 (42 ) = 4
( ∙2)
2 = 43 = 64
1
2 2 1 2 1 1 1
3. Power of a Product (𝑎𝑏)𝑚 = 𝑎𝑚 𝑏 𝑚 (𝑥𝑦 5 ) = 𝑥2𝑦
( ∙ )
5 2 = 𝑥2𝑦5
5
𝑎𝑚 62 5 1
4. Quotient of Powers = 𝑎𝑚−𝑛 , 𝑎≠0 =6
( − )
2 2 = 62 = 36
𝑎𝑛 1
62
1 1 1
𝑎 𝑚 𝑎𝑚 8 3 83 (23 )3 2
5. Power of a Quotient ( ) = 𝑚 𝑏 ≠0 ( ) = 1= 1 =3
𝑏 𝑏 27 3
27 3 (3 )3
1
1 1 1 1
6. Negative Exponent 𝑎−𝑚 = , 𝑎≠0 25−2 = 1 = 1 =5
𝑎𝑚 252 (52 )2
Illustrative Examples: Use the rules of exponents to simplify the following. Write
the expression with positive exponents. Assume all variables represent positive real
numbers. Do this in your answer sheet.
1. 2 1 2. 2
𝑎3 ∙ 𝑎2 𝑎 −3
Solution: (Product of Power) Solution: (Negative Exponent)
2 𝟏
2 1 2 1
( + ) (
4+3
)
𝟕
𝑎 −3 = 𝟐
𝑎3 ∙ 𝑎2 = 𝑎 3 2 =𝑎 6 = 𝒂𝟔
𝒂𝟑
3. 1 4. (𝑥 3 )3
2
(7𝑚𝑛)2
Solution: (Power of a Product) Solution: (Power of Power)
1 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 2 6
(3 ∙ )
(7𝑚𝑛)2 = 𝟕𝟐 𝒎𝟐 𝒏𝟐 𝑥 3 = 𝑥 3 = 𝒙𝟐
5. 3 6. 3
5 4 24
( ) 1
𝑎
Solution: (Power of a Quotient) 25
3 𝟑
Solution: (Quotient of Powers)
3
5 4 𝟓𝟒
( ) = 𝟑 24 3 1
( − ) (
15−4
)
𝟏𝟏
𝑎 1 =2 4 5 =2 20 = 𝟐𝟐𝟎
𝒂𝟒 25
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
7. 1 8. 2
2 −4 (8𝑥 9 )3
( )
3 Solution:
Solution: 2 2 2 2 2
(3 ∙ ) (9 ∙ )
1 1 𝟏 (8𝑥 9 )3 = (23 )3 (𝑥 9 )3 = 2 3 𝑥 3
2 −4 3 4 𝟑𝟒 6 18
( ) =( ) = 𝟏
= 23 𝑥 3 = 22 𝑥 6 = 𝟒𝒙𝟔
3 2
𝟐𝟒
9. 1 1 1 10. −
5
3𝑥 −2 ∙ 3𝑥 2 𝑦 −3 (𝑥 −
1
2
2𝑦 )
4
7
−
3𝑦 4 1
𝑥 2𝑦 2
Solution: Solution:
1 1 1 7 −4+21 1 5 5
(− + ) (− + ) ( ) 5 5
9𝑥 2 2 𝑦 3 4 9𝑥 0 𝑦 12 𝑥 [(−2) ∙ (−4)] 𝑦 (2 ∙ −4) 𝑥 8 𝑦 −2
= = = =
3 3 1 1
𝟏𝟕 𝑥 2𝑦 2 𝑥 2𝑦2
= 𝟑𝒚𝟏𝟐 5 5 1 5−16 −5−1
= 𝑥 (8−2) 𝑦 (−2−2) = 𝑥 ( 8 𝑦
) (
2
)
𝟏𝟏 𝟏
= 𝒙− 𝟖 𝒚−𝟑 = 𝟏𝟏
𝒙 𝟖 𝒚𝟑
What’s More
(Critical Thinking)
Simplify each expression. Write your answers with positive exponents. Assume that
all variables represent positive real numbers. Do this in your answer sheet.
3
3
1. (𝑛4 )2 6. (2𝑚2 )−1 (4𝑚2 )
1 2 1 1
2. (9𝑟 4 )2 7. (𝑥 3 𝑦 4 )2
1 4
1 8. 54 ∙ 55
3. (𝑏 2 )2
4 3
𝑏 2 4
4. 1 (𝑞 3 )
𝑏2 9.
1
3𝑥 4 4𝑥 2
5. 4
10. 1
9𝑥 3 2𝑥 2
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
Activity 2: FACTS ABOUT MAMMALS!
Simplify the following expressions with rational exponents. Find your answers in the
rectangle below. SHADE IN the box containing the correct answer in your answer
sheet. When you finish, there will be boxes NOT SHADED. Write the letters in these
boxes in the bottom row of boxes in your answer sheet.
1 1 5
1. 𝑥 ∙ 𝑥2 5. (3𝑥 0 𝑦 5 )3
2 1 2 4
2. (𝑥𝑦 3 )2 6. 𝑥 3 ∙ 𝑥 3
1 1 1 1
3. (𝑥 −3 )−6 7. (𝑥 2 𝑦 −3 )2
1
1 −
2
2
𝑥4𝑦 𝑥
3 1
( 1)
4. 𝑥4𝑦2 8. 𝑦3
Write the letters here from the UNSHADED boxes. Start from the first row.
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
Activity 3: RAT-EXPO MAZE
BEGIN 𝑎1/2
𝑎𝑏
3 2
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 −2
1
1 3
1
𝟏 𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑏 −5
(𝒂𝟐 )𝟐
1
1 3 1 4
2 1 3 3 1
(2𝑎3 𝑏 4 ) 2𝑎2/9 𝑏1/7 𝑎4 ∙ 𝑎3 𝑎13/12 𝑎5 𝑏 2
( 1 )
𝑎5
4 2
1 −5
𝑎5
3 𝑎7/10 (
𝑎2
) 𝑎1/5 𝑏 2/5 END
𝑎5 𝑏
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
What I Can Do
(Communication, Creative and Critical Thinking)
BIOLOGY CONNECTION
You are studying a Canadian lynx whose mass is twice the
mass of an average house cat. Is its surface area also twice that of
an average house cat?
Assessment
Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer. Assume that all
variables represent positive real numbers. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
3 1
1. Find 𝑥 4 ∙ 𝑥 5
19 4 3 1
A. 𝑥 20 B. 𝑥 9 C. 𝑥 20 D. 𝑥 5
2. Which of the following mathematical statement is CORRECT?
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3
−
A. 𝑎 5 = −𝑎 5 B. 𝑎 ∙ 𝑎 = 𝑎
5 5 25 C. (𝑎 ) = 𝑎10
5 D. (𝑎2 )5 = 𝑎5
1
𝑤3
3. Simplify 𝑤3
2 8
1 1
A. 𝑤 3 B. 𝑤 3 C. 𝑤 8/3
D. 𝑤 2/3
1 1
4. What is the simplified form of (𝑦 2 𝑧 −3 ) (𝑦𝑧)?
𝑦 1/2 𝑦 3/2
A. 𝑦 3/2 𝑧 2/3 B. 𝑦 3/2 𝑧 4/3 C. 𝑧 1/3
D. 𝑧 4/3
1
5. Simplify the expression (2𝑥)−4 with positive exponent.
1
1 1
A. 1 1 B. 2𝑥 C. 2𝑥 4 D.
2𝑥
24 𝑥 4
10
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
1
2 7 7
6. To simplify (5𝑥 𝑦 ) , what will you do with the exponents?
3 5
14 14
14 14 5 1
𝑏3 𝑎3
A. 𝑎 3 𝑏 3 B. 𝑎3 𝑏 3 C. 14 D. 1
𝑎3 𝑏3
4
𝑎 − 4 4
5
10. Andrea simplified the expression (𝑏 ) and her answer was −𝑎5 𝑏 5 . Is she
correct?
5 5
A. Yes, she is correct. C. No, the correct answer is 𝑎4 𝑏 4
5 4
𝑎4 𝑏5
B. No, the correct answer is 5 D. No, the correct answer is 4
𝑏4 𝑎5
Additional Activities
E-Search
To further explore the concept learned today and if it’s possible to connect the
internet, you may visit the following links:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0gicD4STzpg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TrJUOKLKlsU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w79rpKCKlF
11
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
Answer Key
12
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
13
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
References
14
CO_Q2_Mathematics9_ Module 5
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