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ESci 110 - N046 - Lesson 8.3 Assessment
ESci 110 - N046 - Lesson 8.3 Assessment
𝜃 1−cos 𝜃
FALSE, half-angle identities states that sin
2
= √( 2
). If we substitute values
150° 1−cos 150° 1−cos 75°
sin =√ . Therefore, sin 150° ≠ √
2 2 2
√2 1
10. sin (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 2 )) =
√2
• TRUE, by using the inverse trigonometric function: cos −1 (𝑥) = sin−1(√1 − 𝑥 2 )
cos−1 (𝑥) = sin−1 (√1 − 𝑥 2 )
sin(𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (𝑥)) = (√1 − 𝑥 2 )
2
√2 √2 1 1
sin (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1
( )) = (√1 − ( ) ) = √ =
2 2 2 √2
√2 1
Therefore, sin (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 2 )) is indeed equal to .
√2
1 1
b. 𝑓 (𝑥) = 3 + tan(𝜋𝑥) for − 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
𝑓(𝑥) = 3 + tan(𝜋𝑥)
𝑦 = 3 + tan(𝜋𝑥)
𝑥 = 3 + tan(𝜋(𝑦)) tan−1 (𝑥 − 3)
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) =
𝑥 − 3 = tan(𝜋𝑦) 𝜋
tan−1 (𝑥 − 3) = 𝜋𝑦 𝐷: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ}
tan−1 (𝑥 − 3) 𝜋𝑦
=
𝜋 𝜋
tan−1 (𝑥 − 3)
=𝑦
𝜋
𝜋
c. 𝑓 (𝑥) = cos(3𝑥) for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
𝑓(𝑥) = cos(3𝑥)
𝑦 = cos(3𝑥)
𝑥 = cos(3𝑦) cos−1 𝑥
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) =
cos−1 𝑥 = 3𝑦 3
cos−1 𝑥 3𝑦 𝐷: {𝑥|𝑥 = −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1}
=
3 3
cos−1 𝑥
=𝑦
3
𝜋 𝜋
tan( )+ tan( )
9 6
d. 𝜋 𝜋
1−tan( )+ tan( )
9 6
Trigonometric Identities: sum and difference
tan(𝛼) + tan(𝛽)
tan(𝛼 + 𝛽) =
1 − tan(𝛼) + tan(𝛽)
𝜋 𝜋
tan ( ) + tan ( )
= 9 6
𝜋 𝜋
1 − tan ( ) + tan ( )
9 6
𝜋 𝜋 5𝜋
= tan ( + ) = tan ( )
9 6 18
b. tan( 75°)
tan(𝛼)+tan(𝛽)
= tan(45° + 30°) (Trigonometric Identities: tan(𝛼 + 𝛽) = )
1−tan(𝛼)+tan(𝛽)
tan(45°) + tan(30°)
=
1 − tan(45°) + tan(30°)
√3
(1) + ( )
3
=
√3
1 − (1) ( 3 )
2
√3 √3 (1 + √3)
1+ 1+ 3
= 3 ∙ 3 =
√3 √3 1
1−( ) 1+ 3 1−
3 3
2
√3
(1 + )
3 2√3 1 3 3 + 2√3 + 1 3
= = (1 + + )∙ = ( )∙
2 3 3 2 3 2
3
4 + 2√3 4 2√3
= = +
2 2 2
= 2 + √3 = 3.73
5. Prove each following equation is an identity.
a. tan 𝑥 cos 𝑥 + csc 𝑥 sin2 𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑥
sin 𝑥 1
cos 𝑥 + sin2 𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑥
cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥
sin 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑥
2 sin 𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑥
2 2 2
=
(sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 ) sin 𝑦 − cos 𝑦
(sin2 𝑥 − cos2 𝑦)(sin2 𝑥 + cos2 𝑦) sin 𝑦 + cos 𝑦
=
(sin2 𝑥 − cos2 𝑥)2 sin 𝑦 − cos 𝑦
sin 𝑦 + cos 𝑦 sin 𝑦 + cos 𝑦
=
sin 𝑦 − cos 𝑦 sin 𝑦 − cos 𝑦
cos(𝑥+𝑦)
d. cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦
= 1 − tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦 − sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦
= 1 − tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦 sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦
− = 1 − tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦 cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦
sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦
1− = 1 − tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦
sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦
1− ( ) = 1 − tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦
1 − tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦 = 1 − tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦
PEREZ, IVY R. N046- PRE-CALCULUS DECEMBER 25, 2020
𝜋 𝜋
b. cos ( 6 ) cos ( 5 )
1
cos 𝛼 cos 𝛽 = [cos(𝛼 + 𝛽) −cos(𝛼 − 𝛽)]
2
𝜋 𝜋 1 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
cos ( ) cos ( ) = [cos (( ) + ( )) −cos (( ) − ( ))]
6 5 2 6 5 6 5
𝜋 𝜋 1 5𝜋 + 6𝜋 5𝜋 − 6𝜋
cos ( ) cos ( ) = [cos ( ) −cos ( )]
6 5 2 30 30
𝜋 𝜋 1 11𝜋 𝜋
cos ( 6 ) cos ( 5 ) = 2 [cos ( 30 ) −cos (− 30)] (Trigo Identities: cos 𝛼 cos 𝛽 = −2sin (𝛼+𝛽
2
𝛼−𝛽
) sin ( 2 ))
11𝜋 − 𝜋 11𝜋 − (−𝜋)
𝜋 𝜋 1 30 ) sin ( 30
cos ( ) cos ( ) = [−2sin ( )]
6 5 2 2 2
10𝜋 12𝜋
𝜋 𝜋 1
cos ( ) cos ( ) = [−2sin ( 30 ) sin ( 30 )]
6 5 2 2 2
𝜋 𝜋 1 𝜋 𝜋
cos ( ) cos ( ) = [−2sin ( ) sin ( )]
6 5 2 6 5
𝜋 𝜋
𝜋 𝜋 [−2sin ( ) sin ( )]
cos ( ) cos ( ) = 6 5
6 5 2
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
cos ( ) cos ( ) = −sin ( ) sin ( )
6 5 6 5
1 2
b. cos ( ) + cos ( )
2 3
𝛼+𝛽 𝛼−𝛽
cos 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 = 2 cos ( ) cos ( )
2 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 + −
cos + cos = 2 cos (2 3) cos (2 3)
2 3 2 2
3+2 3−2
1 2 6
cos + cos = 2 cos ( ) cos ( 6 )
2 3 2 2
5 1
1 2
cos + cos = 2 cos ( ) cos ( 6 )
6
2 3 2 2
1 2 5 1 1 1
cos + cos = 2 cos ( ∙ ) cos ( ∙ )
2 3 6 2 6 2
1 2 5 1
cos + cos = 2 cos ( ) cos ( )
2 3 12 12
b. sin 2𝑥 = 0
On the unit circle, the angle 0° and 180° corresponds to the coordinates
(1,0)and (-1,0). The value of sine function is the 𝑦-coordinate, that is sin 0° = 0 and
sin 180° = 0. Therefore, the value of sin should be equal to 0° or 180°.
sin 2𝑥 = 0
Note: A period is equal to 360°. Therefore,
sin 2(0°) = 0
𝑥1 = 0° + 360°𝑛 and 𝑥2 = 180° + 360°𝑛.
sin 2(180°) = 0
sin 360° = 0
√2
c. sin 𝑎 = 2
√2 √2
On the unit circle, the angle 45° and 135° corresponds to the coordinates ( 2 , 2
)and
√2 √2 √2
(- 2 ,2
). The value of sine function is the 𝑦-coordinate, that is sin 45° = 2 and
√2
sin 135° = 2
. Therefore, the value of sin should be equal to 45° or 135°.
√2
sin 𝑎 = Note: A period is equal to 360°. Therefore,
2
√2 𝑥1 = 45° + 360°𝑛 and 𝑥2 = 135° + 360°𝑛.
sin 45° =
2
√2
sin 135° =
2
PEREZ, IVY R. N046- PRE-CALCULUS DECEMBER 25, 2020
1
d. cos 𝑎 = 2
On the unit circle, the angle 60° and 300° corresponds to the coordinates
1 √3 1 √3 1
( , )and ( , − ). The value of cosine function is the 𝑥-coordinate, that is cos 60° = 2
2 2 2 2
1
and sin 300° = 2. Therefore, the value of cos should be equal to 60° or 300°.
1
cos 𝑎 =
2
1 Note: A period is equal to 360°. Therefore,
cos 60° = 𝑥1 = 60° + 360°𝑛 and 𝑥2 = 300° + 360°𝑛.
2
1
cos 300° =
2
9. Find all values 𝑥 in the interval [0°, 360°) that satisfy each equation. Round approximate answers
to the nearest tenth of a degree.
a. 2 sin 𝑥 = cos 𝑥
2 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
=
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑥
sin 𝑥
2 =1
cos 𝑥
2 tan 𝑥 = 1
2 tan 𝑥 1
=
2 2
1
tan 𝑥 =
2
1
𝑥 = tan−1 = 26.57°
2
𝑥
b. 2 sin2 ( 2) = cos 𝑥 1−cos 2𝑥
𝑥 (Trigonometric Identities: sin2 𝑥 = )
2
2 sin2 ( ) − cos 𝑥 = 0
2
2 (𝑥 )
1 − cos 2 2
2[ ] − cos 𝑥 = 0 NOTE: On the unit circle, the angle 60° and 300°
2 1 √3 1 √3
corresponds to the coordinates (2 , 2
)and (-2 , − 2
).
1 − cos(𝑥) − cos 𝑥 = 0 The value of cosine function is the 𝑥-coordinate.
1 − 2cos(𝑥) = 0
2cos(𝑥) = −1
2cos(𝑥) 1
=
2 2
1
( )
cos 𝑥 = 2
𝑥1 = cos 60°
𝑥2 = cos 300°
PEREZ, IVY R. N046- PRE-CALCULUS DECEMBER 25, 2020
c. 3 sin 2𝑥 = cos 2𝑥
3sin 2𝑥 cos 2𝑥
=
cos 2𝑥 cos 2𝑥
sin 2𝑥
3( )=1
cos 2𝑥
3(tan 2𝑥 ) = 1
3 tan 2𝑥 1
=
3 3
1
tan 2𝑥 =
3
1
2𝑥 = tan−1
3
−1 1
2𝑥 tan 3
=
2 2
1
tan−1
𝑥= 3 = 9.22°
2