Topnotch 3 Workbook

BIUIRDIEDITION:
C a h e). meer ee
WORKBOOK
JOAN SASLOW
ALLEN ASCHER
with Wendy Pratt Long and Penny Laporte
Top Notch: English f o r Today?s World Level 3, Third Edition
Workbook
Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc.

All rights reserved.
N o p a r t of this p u b l i c a t i o n m a y b e r e p r o d u c e d , s t o r e d in a retrieval system, o r t r a n s m i t t e d i n a n y f o r m o r

b y any means, e l e c t r o n i c , mechanical, p h o t o c o p y i n g , r e c o r d i n g , o r o t h e r w i s e , w i t h o u t t h e p r i o r p e r m i s s i o n
of t h e p u b l i s h e r .
Pearson Education, 10 B a n k Street, W h i t e Plains, NY 1 0 6 0 6 USA
S t a f f c r e d i t s : The p e o p l e w h o m a d e up t h e Top Notch t e a m are Pietro A l o n g i , Rhea Banker, Peter Benson,

Tracey M u n z C a t a l d o , A e r i n Csigay, Dave Dickey, G i n a DiLillo, N a n c y F l a g g m a n , Irene Frankel, Shelley Gazes,
C h r i s t o p h e r L e o n o w i c z , Julie M o i n a r , Laurie N e a m a n , Sherri P e m b e r t o n , Pamela Pia, Rebecca Pitke, Jennifer
Raspitler, C h a r l e n e Straub, Paula V a n Eils, a n d K e n n e t h Volcjak.
C o v e r design: Tracey M u n z C a t a i d o
Cover photo: Sprint/Corbis
Text design: Tracey Munz Cataldo
Text composition: TS! Graphics
P h o t o c r e d i t s : O r i g i n a l p h o t o g r a p h y b y David M a g e r . Page 1 w a v e b r e a k m e d i a / S h u t t e r s t o c k ; p. 6 C l a u d i o
Oivizia/Fototia; p. 11 (1) c r i s t o v a o / S h u t t e r s t o c k , (2) S t e p S t o c k / S h u t t e r s t o c k , ( 3 ) c r i s t o v a o / S h u t t e r s t o c k , ( b o t t o r n )
B e t t m a n n / C o r h i s ; p. 13 Hayati Kayhan/Fotolia; p. 14 ishay26/Fotolia; p. 43 Everett C o l l e c t i o n I n c / A l a m y ;
p. 44 STRINGER/MALAYSIA/Reuters/Corbis; p. 49 Ryan McGinnis/Alamy; p. 51 Tim Ridley/Dorling Kindersley;
p. 67 lily/Fotolia; p. 70 lily/Fotolia; p. 73 (left) Deborah Kotb/Shutterstock, (right) George Doyle/Stockbyte/
Getty Images; p. 77 (top left) Richard Powers/Corbis, (top right) Monkey Business !mages/Shutterstock,
(bottom left) amskad/Fotolia, (bottom right) Tony Freeman/PhotoEdit, Inc; p. 84 Jeffrey Coolidge/Getty Images;
p. 88 laguna35/Fotolia; p. 98 pavalena/Shutterstock; p. 104 Michael Defreitas/V&W/The Image Works;
p. 108 ( t o p left) m i c h a e l j u n g / F o t o l i a , ( t o p r i g h t ) Karel Gatlas/Shutterstock, ( b o t t o m left) A f r i P i c s . c o m / A l a m y ,
( b o t t o m right) Ariane Citron/Fotolia.
U l u s t r a t i o n c r e d i t s : Stephen Attoe: pages 23, 82, 83, 100 (top); Leanne Franson: pages 38, 72 (bottom);
Brian Hughes: pages 50, 72 (top), 102; Stephen Hutchings: pages 8, 45, 74, 79 (bottom); Suzanne Mogensen:
pages 22 (top), 53, $8, 100 (bottom); Andy Myer: page 36; Dusan Petricic: pages 5, 13, 46, 62, 79 (top)
ISBN-10; 0 - 1 3 - 3 9 2 8 1 7 - 9
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-392817-4
s a a t h :
Printed in t h e U n i t e d States of A m e r i c a " ~ ===
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 - V O O 1 - 1 9 18 17 16 15
pearsonelt.com/topnotch3e
Contents
UNIT1 Make Small Talk............cccecssseceececseeeeeseveusavensesensa
UNIT 2 Health Matters. . . . . . . . . . 00. ccccscececcesassessccecescteneaecnenes
UNIT 3 Getting Things Done . . . . . . . . . . 000... c c e c e e e c e e c e ecee

s aeeuees
eee
UNIT 4 Reading for Pleasure ..........0....ccceceseaseeneceeavtussanenee
UNIT 5 Natural Disasters. . . . . . . . . . . 0. ..ccc ces ccaeceeeecesaseesusaeraeeeve
UNIT 6 Life Plans....... 6. cece cece ec ecceceeeeeeaseneeeeneeenesatentees
UNIT 7 Holidays and Traditions..............0..0.cceeceesaeceseeeeen

eres
UNITS Inventions and Discoveries ..............ccsesenececececcacnseeee
UNIT 9 Controversial I s s u e s . . . ce
. ccecceceeec . .eeaseeaeeeee
. . . . . ees . c c c
UNIT 10 Beautiful World ..............0.cccceseeeecneeeeenseeeeeseeeraee

Read t h e t i p s o n b u s i n e s s e t i q u e t t e . T h e n r e a d t h e s i t u a t i o n s b e l o w . D e c i d e i f t h e b e h a v i o r i n e a c h
s i t u a t i o n is a p p r o p r i a t e o r i n a p p r o p r i a t e .
TIPS ON BUSINESS ETIQUETTE ? e 3 > 4

> Aiways introduce the m o s t i m p o r t a n t
person first
U s e y o u r b u s i n e s s c a r d as a w a y t o s t a y in
t o u c h w i t h p e o p l e you m e e t E x c h a n g i n g a n d
s a v i n g b u s ! n e s s c a r d s c a n help you ?network?
w i t h people l a t e r
B e i n g on t i m e is a b s n l u t e l y n e c e s s a r y f o r
business appointments T h e r u l e is t o a r r i v e
ten to fifteen minutes early However, for
s o c i a l e v e n t s , s u c h a s b u s i n e s s p a r t r e s . It is
c o n s i d e r e d impolite to a r r i v e early
fn m a j o r c i t e s . b u s i n e s s c l o t h i n g 1s usually f o r m a l Blue, black. o r g r a y s u i t s a r e

c o n s e r v a t i v e a n d a l w a y s a p p r o p r i a t e In w a r m c l i m a t e s , n e a t a n d c o m f o r t a b l e khakis,
jeans, o r slacks, s o m e t i m e s w i t h a j a c k e t . a r e DK H o w e v e r , t h e f i r s t t i m e you v i s i t a
c o m p a n y , it is a l w a y s b e s t t o s t a r t w i t h a c o n s e r v a t i v e laok
B u s i n e s s c o n v e r s a t i o n s o f t e n t a k e place d u r i n g m e a l s The m e a l s a r e a t i m e t o relax,

g e t t o k n o w t h e o t h e r p e r s o n socially, a n d t h e n talk a little b u s i n e s s D e p e n d i n g o n
t h e p e r s o n ' s schedule, t h e s e m e e t i n g s can be a t b r e a k f a s t , lunch, o r dinner,
Eye contact 1s very i m p o r t a n t Always look at everyone in your conversation group.

M o v e y o u r eyes f r o m a n e p e r s o n t o another. i t m a k e s p e o p i e feel i m p o r t a n t a n d
holds their attention
. W h i l e y o u ' r e m e e t i n g w i t h a client, the CEO of y o u r c o m p a n y

a n d t w o executives c o m e into y o u r office. You i n t r o d u c e t h e appropriate O inappropriate
CEO to y o u r c l i e n t first.
. You are meeting with a g r o u p of f o u r people. While speaking,

you're looking o n l y at the highest level manager in the group. Olappropriate O inappropriate
- You have an i n t e r v i e w at a n e w c o m p a n y o n Friday. You
k n o w the c o m p a n y allows e m p l o y e e s t o dress casually o n
Fridays, so you decide to w e a r casual c l o t h i n g . Clappropriate (1 inappropriate
}.
You don?t have t i m e d u r i n g regular business hours to m e e t w i t h
a c l i e n t . You decide to m e e t over dinner. Olappropriate 0 inappropriate
- You?re invited t o a business p a r t y a n d t h e i n v i t a t i o n says t h e
Party is from 7:00 to 9:00 p.m. You arrive at 6:45. Olappropriate 1 inappropriate
2 M a t c h t h e correct response t o each statement o r q u e s t i o n . W r i t e t h e l e t t e r o n the line.
1. Nice to m e e t y o u . a. N o t really. People t e n d to be m o r e formal here.
2. W h a t is t h e c u s t o m here? b. Please cai! m e by m y n i c k n a m e .
3. H o w w o u l d you like t o b e called? _ _ c. Nice t o m e e t y o u , t o o .
4. Are m o s t p e o p l e ona first-name basis?______ d._ N o n e e d t o be so formal. Please cal! m e Robert.
5. Nice to m e e t y o u , M r . Reston. e. I?m n o t sure, It?s p r o b a b l y best t o w a t c h w h a t

others do.
3° W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s i n y o u r o w nw a y .
1. W h a t d o y o u p r e f e r t o be called by y o u r family?
2. W h a t d o y o u like to be called by your f r i e n d s ?
3. W h a t d o you prefer t o b e called by y o u r colleagues o r classmates?
ass
4 Put t h e conversation in the c o r r e c t order. W r i t e t h e n u m b e r on the line.
? ? Hil It?s a great day, isn?t it?
? ? Nice t o m e e t you, too. W o u l d it b e rude t o call you Joe?
? ? I t r e a i l y is. A l l o w m e to i n t r o d u c e myself. I?m A m a n d a Decker.
? ? A b s o l u t e l y not. Please do.
? ? Great. A n d call m e A m a n d a .
? ? - I?m Joe Hanson. It?s nice t o m e e t y o u .
5 C o m p l e t e each s t a t e m e n t w i t h a t a g question.
«
He didn?t know about that custom, _ _ ?
. It's a great day t o g o to t h e beach, _ _ _ ?
. You learned Japanese in school, _ _ _ ?

|.
M i k e w i l l b e h e r e later, _ . . . _ _ ?
You're n o t f r o m Turkey, . _ - _ _ ?
The p r o g r a m in Bali wasn?t very successful, _ _ _ ?
. I'm p r e s e n t i n g m y r e p o r t at 2, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ? _ _ ?
. T h e r e weren?t a lot o f p e o p l e at t h e conference, _ . _ _ ?
U A T1
6 Read t h e s i t u a t i o n s a n d c o m p l e t e t h e t a g q u e s t i o n s .
1 You t h i n k y o u r f r i e n d g o t a g o o d grade o n h e r science test.
?She _ _ _ _ _ _ g e t _ a g o o d g r a d e on her science test, d i d n ? t she 2?
- You see t w o p e o p l e t a l k i n g , b u t y o u don?t t h i n k t h a t t h e y k n o w each other.
?They ? _ d e n ' t k n _
ow_ each other, _ _ _ d o t h e y _ ? "
- You're t a l k i n g t o y o u r f r i e n d . You t h i n k he'll be late to the p a r t y t o n i g h t .
?You _ _ _ _ _ _ late t o t h e p a r t y t o n i g h t , ? - - ? = ? ?
. W h e n y o u g e t to class, y o u t h i n k y o u r f r i e n d D i a n e hasn?t g o t t e n there yet.
?Diane _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ here yet,
-
You heard t h a t y o u r f r i e n d Bill was in a c a r accident yesterday, b u t y o u don?t t h i n k that?s true.
? B i l l _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ in a c a r a c c i d e n t yesterday, = = ?
.
You t h i n k t h a t Dr. Jenkins doesn?t like to be called by her first name.
?Dr. Jenkins _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t o b e c a l l e d K a t e , _ = ?
7 Read the information about Allison McFarland. Then use the information on the form tow r i t e
statements with tag questions.
Name: Allison McFarland f 1 !
Preferred title: ms. f h ? ?
Place of birth: Hong kon A n e
1. You'reAllison McFarland, aren't you?

2.
3.
4
3
8 = WHAT ABOUT YOU? Which topics are appropriate for small talk in your country? Check yes or no.
If y o u c h e c k n o , t h e n e x p l a i n w h y t h e t o p i c is n o t a p p r o p r i a t e .
yes sno
. what someone would hike to be called O
- h o w m u c h m o n e y a person makes 0 O
a person?s work or studies a QO
someone?s marital status oO

0
Make Small Talk 3

a S
$ L o o k a t K e n Klein?s w e e k l y p l a n n e r . T h e n c i r c l e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e a n s w e r t h a t c o m p l e t e s each
s e n t e n c e . T o d a y is Sunday.
MONDAY THURSDAY
12:00 travel to Copenhagen 9:00 read TechServe report

7-00 meet Jason Bailey f o r dinner 1:06 have meeting with TechServe
TUESDAY FRIDAY
8 : 3 0 have meeting with Computech 8 : 0 0 have meehng with Nelson Company

12:30 p r e p a r e c l i e n t p r e s e n t a t i o n 2:00 present vesutts of Nelson Company
meeting
8:30 fly nome to London
WEDNESOAY ?SATURDAY
9:00 H y to Brussels relax ail afternoon! exercise In morning

1:20 meet Clark Sampson f o r lunch
7.45 go to the moves | 4"
4:00 q u e presentation to clients
with Tania
7:30 take cients to dinner
. By 5 : 0 0 P.m. o n M o n d a y , Ken t o Copenhagen.

a. had already traveled b. h a d n ' t yet traveled
- O n Tuesday, Ken Clark Sampson f o r lunch.
a. had already m e t b. h a d n ' t yet m e t
3. O n Wednesday evening, Ken t o Brussels.
a. h a d n ' t yet f l o w n b. had already f l o w n
4 Ken _ _ _ _ _ the results of t h e Nelson C o m p a n y m e e t i n g at 2 : 0 0 o n Friday.

a. hadn?t yet presented b. had already p r e s e n t e d
Ken _ _ _ _ _ _ a l l week b e f o r e h e was able to relax on Saturday.

a. had worked b. hadn?t worked
10 L o o k at Ken Klein?s w e e k l y p l a n n e r a g a i n . C o m p l e t e t h e s t a t e m e n t s u s i n g t h e p a s t p e r f e c t a n d
a l r e a d y o r n o t yet.
1. By the time he flew to Brussels, Ken _had a l r e a d y h a d _ the meeting with Computech, but he
_ d the meeting with TechServe.

-hadn?tyetha
. At 7:00 P.M. on Wednesday, he the presentation to the clients, but he
the clients to dinner.
3, Ken _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the TechServe r e p o r t w h e n he had t h e m e e t i n g w i t h TechServe.
4. Ken _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the meeting w i t h Nelson C o m p a n y w h e n he h a d t h e meeting w i t h

TechServe.
. By S a t u r d a y e v e n i n g , K e n at the g y m .
. A t 8 : 0 0 o n Saturday, Ken to the movies w i t h Tania.
4 UNIT 1
n Read t h e C o n v e r s a t i o n M o d e l o n p a g e7 i n t h e S t u d e n t ' s B o o k a g a i n . T h e n r e a d e a c h s e n t e n c e
b e l o w . C i r c l e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e s e n t e n c e t h a t has t h e s a m e o r s i m i l a r m e a n i n g .
1, ?By 9 : 0 0 I h a d already b o u g h t my books.? 3. ? W h e n I g o t to class, | hadn?t eaten yet.?

a. | b o u g h t m y books before 9 : 0 0 . a. I g o t to class after | ate.
b. I b o u g h t m y books at 9 : 0 0 . b. I g o t to class before | ate.
? W h a t did you d o a b o u t lunch?? 4, ?I'll bet you're p r e t t y hungry.?
a. Did y o u have tunch? a. I t h i n k you?re h u n g r y now.
b. D o you w a n t lunch? b, I'm sure you?re h u n g r y now.
12 W H A T A B O U T YOU? C o m p l e t e t h e sentences in y o u r o w n way.
1, W h e nf l e f t the house this m o r n i n g , !

had a l r e a d y
2. At 8 : 0 0 today, I hadn?t yet
3. By t h e t i m e |
started t o s t u d y English, | h a d already
b u t | h a d n ' t yet
Did you k n o w . . .
"that etiquette and rules
tor behawor have a very
long history? The first
13 Cross o u t t h e w o r d o r p h r a s e t h a t has a INStructions for eliquette
d i f f e r e n t m e a n i n g f r o m t h e others. were wiitten in the year
2400 B.C.£ by an Egyphen
1, offensive very rude polite
named Plahhotep His +
2. customary not allowed taboo quide included advice ?oS .
About how to get alang N ~

3. impolite nice tude
with others and how to
4. n o t usual traditional customary ;
advance in the world
Ne e r ne
5. etiquette punctuality manners
4 Read t h e a r t i c l e a b o u t p u n c t u a l i t y . T h e n r e a d t h e s t a t e m e n t s o n p a g e 6 a n d c h e c kt r u e , f a l s e , o r
no information, according to t h e article.
well as many government that remind people

RIGHT ON TIME appointments and social late, somvaene ebe
actraties, begin hate. The Is waiting ?One newspaper
b s e r o n e knows that different
cultures have different ideas gee Ps Irving fe make people pemisa lst of pevernment
about punctuality. Bat one aware of punctuality and is olfictals who arrive to events
country Ws
Ining reminding them to be on ume late
something pew The government, including
The campaign has generally
the Ecuadorian president. 1s been well recened by the
§ group called Citizens?
supporting the effort
Parterpation has found that Fcuadonan people, and it
being ate costs the country Hundreds of Ecuadonan seems to be working Mans
about $724 mollien cach year organizations and companies businesses have reported
Thes report that more than have signed agreements to he that more meetings are now
half of all pubhe events, as on time. Posters have been: beginning on time.
?
Make Smaul Talk

true false No i n f o r m a t i o n
1. The c o u n t r y of Ecuador m a d e m o r e m o n e y because
people were often late. oO
0 Oo
2. Citizens? Participation doesn?t think punctuality isv e r y

important. Oo QO Oo
3. The government of Ecuador wants people to be on time. Oo Oo Oo
4. Signs and posters have been made to remind people to

be p u n c t u a l . Oo QO oO
5. P u n c t u a l i t y is m o r e i m p o r t a n t n o w i n Ecuador t h a n in
most other countries. oO Oo Oo
6. Ecuadorians are on time tess often than they used to be. oO

a] Oo
15 W H A T A B O U T Y o u ? H o w i m p o r t a n t is p u n c t u a l i t y t o y o u f o r each o f t h e f o l l o w i n g e v e n t s ?
Explain your answers.
Very Somewhat Not

_ important important important Why?
work or school
d i n n e r at a
friend?s h o u s e
a co-worker
a meeting with :
a doctor?s
appointment
a movie
¢ BETTER THREE HOURS TOO SOON 9 3

ws THAN A MINUTE TOO LATE.
?Willlam Shakespeare, English playwright and poet
e s t e
16 Read t h e a r t i c l e G l o b a l Culture o n p a g e 10 i n t h e Student?s B o o k again. C h e c k each b e h a v i o r t h a t

w o u l d be c o n s i d e r e d u n a c c e p t a b l e i n t h e 1 9 4 0 s a c c o r d i n g t o E u g e n i a H a r t l e y . T h e n w r i t e t h e
Brmnaoma P r o p e r b e h a v i o r n e x t t o i t .
1. 0 You d o n ' t join your f a m i l y for d i n n e r hour.
2. O Children talk at t h e d i n n e r t a b l e w h e n e v e r t h e y want.
3. C1 People p u t t h e i r e l b o w s o n the table.
4, ( 1 C h i t d r e n speak o n l y w h e n an a d u l t Speaks to t h e m .
5, D A g i r l stays o u t on a d a t e past m i d n i g h t .
6. 0 Parents m e e t a d a u g h t e r ' s date before they g o o u t .
7. Children calt adults b y t h e i r first names.
8 UNIT
1
17 Read t h e a r t i c l e a n d t h e n c i r c l e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e a n s w e r t h a t b e s t c o m p l e t e s e a c h s e n t e n c e .
= > Dressing for Work fs
H O W C A S U A L IS T O O C A S U A L ?
Thirty years ago or so, most people in the w i t h e a c h o t h e r . P e o p l e e n j o y e d c o m i n g to w o r k
United States, Canada, and Europe didn't think k n o w i n g it w a s a c o m f o r t a b l e place t o be.
about what to wear to work in an office. Men
T h e n s o m e p e o p l e b e g a n to c h a n g e t h e i r m i n d s
always wore suits and ties. Women wore suits o r
about casual dress at work. M a n y managers
conservative skirt outfits. But in the 1990s, that
felt t h a t c a s u a l d r e s s h a d led to c a s u a l a t t i t u d e s
started to change.
t o w a r d w o r k . S o m e p e o p l e s t a r t e d to n o t i c e
It b e g a n w i t h ?casual Fridays.? D u r i n g t h e a n i n c r e a s e in e m p l o y e e s b e i n g late t o w o r k . If
s u m m e r , s o m e c o m p a n i e s invited their ?clothes m a k e the man,? as the s a y i n g goes, then
e m p l o y e e s to ? d r e s s d o w n , ? o r w e a r m o r e c a s u a l c a s u a l c l o t h e s m a k e a c a s u a l p e r s o n w h o Is l e s s
c l o t h e s to w o r k o n F r i d a y s . T h e p o l i c y q u i c k l y committed to c o m p a n y productivity and quality.
b e c a m e p o p u l a r w i t h e m p l o y e e s . A f t e r this, it
O n e o f t h e biggest reasons w h y there have
d i d n ' t t a k e j o n g f o r e m p l o y e e s to s t a r t d r e s s i n g
been such mixed opinions about dressing down
m o r e casually e v a r y d a y o f the w e e k .
is t h a t t h e r e is n o r e a l s t a n d a r d f o r a p p r o p r i a t e
M a n y e m p l o y e e s w e l c o m e d the n e w dress policy c a s u a l d r e s s . t s it s h o r t s , T - s h i r t s , b r i g h t l y
and the m o r e comfortable w o r k e n v i r o n m e n t that c o l o r e d t o p s . a n d f l i p - f l o p s ? I s it d e s i g n e r j e a n s ,
c a m e w i t h it. E t i q u e t t e h a d d e f i n i t e l y c h a n g e d , p o l o s h i r t s , a n d t r e n d y s n e a k e r s ? Is it k h a k i s
and suits a n d ties w e r e rarely s e e n in m a n y a n d s p o r t j a c k e t s ? O r a r e H a w a i i a n shirts
offices. S o m e e m p l o y e e s w e n t as far as w e a n n g and torn jeans O K ? Without a casual d r e s s
j e a n s , T - s h i r t s , a n d s n e a k e r s t o t h e office. M a n y c o d e policy, t h e etiquette for d r e s s in m a n y
p e o p l e felt t h a t c a s u a l attire m a d e t h e w o r k p l a c e companies is beginning to change back to more :
a friendlier place Co-workers were more relaxed formal business a t t i r e ? a style that everyone
understands
c a s u a l (adjective). Coowene
1. n o t c a n n g , 2. s u i t a b l e f o r e v e r y d a y use,
3. w i t h o u t a t t e n t i o n , 4. n o t p l a n n e d
1. M e n used to w e a r _ _ _ _ to w o r k in an office.
a. suits b. conservative skirt o u t f i t s c. jeans a n d ties
2. Casual Fridays started _ _ _ .

a. a b o u t t h i r t y years a g o b. in t h e s u m m e r c. w i t h w o m e n
3. Employees in most c o m p a n i e s _ _ _ _ the idea of casual Fridays.

a. liked b. didn?t enjoy ¢. didn?t k n o w a b o u t
4, N o w many managers think that employees should

a. w e a r jeans b. n o t dress casually c. w o r k on casual Friday
5. Etiquette f o r dressing f o r w o r k is o n c e again b e c o m i n g _ _ _ in m a n y c o m p a n i e s .

a. m o r e casual b. less professional ¢. m o r e professional
8 W H A T A B O U T YOU? A n s w e r the q u e s t i o n s in y o u r o w n way.
1, H o w has t h e e t i q u e t t e f o r dressing c h a n g e d in y o u r c o u n t r y ?
2. Is t h i s c h a n g e f o r t h e better?
MakeSmall Takk 7
18 Read a b o u t Naomi?s p r o b l e m a n d g i v e h e r a d v i c e a b o u t t h e e t i q u e t t e a n d c u l t u r a l c h a n g e s i n
y o u r c o u n t r y . Use ideas f r o m t h e b o x o r y o u r o w n ideas.
clothing customs
?¥ve been out of the
dating customs
country for over fifteen
years. Now I?m back, but f o r m s of address
so much has changed. | m a l e / f e m a l e roles in the h o m e
don?t know what to do.
m a l e / f e m a l e roles in the workplace
Can you tell me about
the changes in etiquette rules a b o u t f o r m a l b e h a v i o r
and culture??
rules a b o u t p u n c t u a l i t y
table manners
ae e t L t w o r d
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A C o m p l e t e t h e t a g q u e s t i o n s . T h e n l o o k at t h e p i c t u r e . A n s w e r e a c h q u e s t i o n w i t h a s h o r t a n s w e r .
1. It's a beautiful day today, i s in t ?_ ?

t Yes, itis.
2. It?s not 2:30 yet, _ i s i t _ _ ? No,i t i s ? t
3. It?s a good day to ride a bike, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ?
4. The g i r l on t h e bike c a n ' t see the car, ?
5. Yesterday was Sunday, _ _ _ _ _ _ . ?
6. The p e o p l e h a v e n ' t m e t b e f o r e today, ?
7. They?re n o t c o l d , _ _ _ _ _ ?
8, The m a n plays tennis, _ _ _ ?

UNITA
C o m p l e t e e a c h s e n t e n c e w i t h t h e c o r r e c t f o r m o f t h e w o r d s i n p a r e n t h e s e s . Use t h e p r e s e n t
c o n t i n u o u s o r t h e s i m p l e p r e s e n t tense.
1 I t _ _ _ s e u _
n d s ( s o u n d ) like t h e y had a great vacation.
2. {have) English class every Tuesday at 5:30.
3. The children are h u n g r y , s o l _ _ _ _ _ _ (make) t h e m sandwiches.
4. Dr. A n g l e always _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ {tell} h e r patients t o exercise more.
5. O u r b o s s . _ _ _ _ ( g o ) t o C a i r o n e x tM o n d a y .
6. What ? _ _ _ _ y o u _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (do) t o m o r r o w e v e n i n g ?
7. The b u s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (leave) at 3:00 o n t h e weekends.

8.. | _ _ _ _ (bake) a cake f o r Emma?s p a r t y t o m o r r o w .
C o m p l e t e each s e n t e n c e i n t h e e - m a i l w i t h t h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t o r t h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t c o n t i n u o u s .
pococae
|
D e a r Sydney,
| Hi! H o w are you? So f a r , | _ _ . _ _ _ _ a g r e a t t i m e in M e x i c o . The sun

A. have
H
the whole time! | s t a r t e d m y trip in C a n c u n , a n d s p e n t a
2.shine
f e w d a y s there. N o w I ' m in S a n C r i s t?o b a l . | n here

3.
b e f o r e , s o it's n i c e t o b e b a c k . | _ _ _ _ s o m e other travelers.
4 meet,
_
They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for a long time, so they have a
l o t o f g r e a t tips.
5 . travel
W e ' r e all going to O a x a c a next. | can't wait!
T a l k to y o u s o o n !
Chris
C o r r e c t t h e verbs i n t h e f o l l o w i n g sentences.
1. Sheila was s t u d y i n g in L o n d o n w h e n shew a s e e t i n g her b o y f r i e n d .
. M y f a m i l y was g o i n g to Cairo last s u m m e r . It was a great t r i p !
. T h e y have k n o w h e r since 2013.
|.
He didn?t used to work there, but now he does.
- |
w a t c h e d a m o v i e w h e n he called, b u t I
didn?t m i n d t h e i n t e r r u p t i o n .
»
l a l r e a d y seen t h a t m o v i e .
. W e have b e e n traveling to M e x i c o three times.
Make Small Taik

WRITING BOOSTER
A M a t c h t h e e m o t i c o n a n d a b b r e v i a t i o n w i t h t h e p h r a s e t h a t has t h e s a m e m e a n i n g . W r i t e t h e
letter on the line.
1 $ 9 6 a. ?Let m e k n o w . ?
2. ? LOL b. ?I?m smiling.?
3. ? _ IMHO c. ?I'm n o t happy.?
4 _ _ ® d. ? L a u g h i n g o u t l o u d ?
S$. ? _ G R 8 2 C U e. ?By t h e w a y ?
6. _ _ BTW f. ?In m y h u m b l e o p i n i o n ?
7, ? _ L M K g. ?See y o u later.?
8. ?__CULBR h. ?Great to see you.?
9 ?__RUOK? i. ?Are you okay??
B* Complete the chart. Write the letter o f the things y o u should d o and the things y o u shouldn?t
d o in f o r m a l e - m a i l e t i q u e t t e . .
Use a t t l e , last name, a n d c o l u n to address s o m e o n e you don?t k n o w w e l l

.
Write in complete sentences
Use correct spelling
.
Use emoticons.
Use all lower-case letters
Punctuate carefully
. Date t h e e mait.
. End w i t h y o u r name.
Close the e-mail as a formal letter, for example, Thurk you so much.
Include abbreviations.
. Use a first n a m e a n d c o m m a to address s o m e o n e you k n o w w e l l

Do's) @ 20.
Don'ts: 4.
C Read t h e f o l l o w i n g e - m a i l a n d c i r c l e a l l t h e f o r m a l e - m a i l e t i q u e t t e e r r o r s . T h e n , o n a
separate sheet o f paper, r e w r i t e t h e e-mail a n d correct t h e e t i q u e t t e errors.
(>
Maria, T h a n k s 4 lunch yesterday. it was G R 8 2 U. let s c o n t i n u e o u r conversation

about the project. maybe Wednesday next week? M y place? ?I here's still lots 2 discus.
® B T W , please don?t forget to b r i n g the into we talked about
L M K about next week. C U L&R.
Peter
10 UNIT
1
1 What dental emergency does each person have? Writebroken tooth,fost f i l l i n g ,loose tooth,
s w o l l e n g u m s , o r t o o t h a c h e o n t h e l i n e . You w i l l n o t use all of t h e phrases.
( h a v e at e r r i b l e pain They've been

i n m y t o o t h . { need to bothering me since
f i n d a d e n t i s t as s o o n yesterday. They're all
as possible. ted and painful.
V'm in a lot of p a i n . | A piece of it broke off

h e a r y o u can p u t when I was eating candy
chewing gum in the hoie yesterday. Luckily, it
doesn't hurt that much,
until you see the dentist.
2 W H A T ABOUT YOU? Which of the following health-related items d o you take when you travel?
CO. extra medication
D a n extra pair of glasses o r c o n t a c t lenses
O special tood
exercise c l o t h e s o r e q u i p m e n t
0 the name a n d n u m b e r of a d o c t o r at y o u r d e s t i n a t i o n
0 other:
Here are a f e w tips t o m a i n t a i n g o o d d e n t a l health:

* You should brush your teeth at least twice a day, especially after meals.
* Brush your teeth for at least t w o minutes each time you brush.
(Try timing yourself. Very few people actually brush for this long.)
* Brush gently with a soft toothbrush. Brushing too hard can hurt
y o u r teeth and gums.
* D o n ' t forget to brush y o u r tongue and the roof of your mouth.
« Change y o u r toothbrush every three to four months.
u
3 C o m p l e t e t h e conversations. Choose the l e t t e r o f t h e correct answer.
1. A: [ h e a r y o u ' r e f r o m England. 3. A :
B T B: Well, let?s have a l o o k .
a. L o n d o n . a. Can y o u r e c o m m e n d a dentist?
b. Yes, l a m , b. Actually, there?s one n o t f a r f r o m here.
c. | really appreciate it. ¢. This t o o t h is k i l l i n g me.
2 . As Thanks f o r f i t t i n g m e in. 4. A: [ n e e d tos e e a dentist. |

t h i n k it?s
B: an emergency.
a. W o u l d y o u like m e to make an By
appointment for you? a. Thanks f o r f i t t i n g m e in.

b. If you could. Thanks. b . OK, there?s o n e n o t far f r o m here.
«, Luckily, I h a d a cancellation. c. W h e n did it first b e g i n t o hurt?
4 W r i t e the w o r d f r o m the box t h a t matches each definition. You will not use all the words.
chest coughing dizzy hip nauseous
short of breath sneezing stomach weak wheezing
p a r t of t h e b o d y b e t w e e n t h e neck a n d s t o m a c h
h o t strong, w i t h o u t e n e r g y
feeling t h a t you're g o i n g t o v o m i t
m a k i n g a noise by air s u d d e n l y c o m i n g o u t o f t h e nose
s u d d e n l y p u s h i n g air o u t of t h e throat w i t h a s h o r t s o u n d
p a r t of t h e b o d y b e l o w the chest a n d a b o v e the legs
5 Complete the statements w i t h m u s t o r must n o t to d r a w conclusions.
1. He hasn?t slept f o r t w o days. He

? _ + tired.
2. If Heather didn?t eat any pizza,? she a jee

well. She loves pizza.
3. T i m broke his leg. It _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a l o t .
hurt
4. She?s b e e n sneezing all day. She ? a n r ? cold.
ave
5. Karen hasn?t l e f t yet. She ? i n a hurry.

e
6. Bob?s allergies are b o t h e r i n g him today. He? ? ? t o g o h i k i n g w i t h us.

wan
12 UNIT
2
Look a t t h e pictures. C o m p l e t e each sentence w i t h m u s t or m u s t n o t t o d r a w conclusions.
+t
m e g
e i t
3. H e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ b e g e t t i n g a checkup.
2. He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ be g o i n g o n vacation.
3. S h e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l i k e the dark.
4. The d o g want to
go swimming.
5. She _ _ _ _ _ have gloves w i t h her.
6. She be feeling well.
W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? T h i n k a b o u t t h e last t i m e y o u w e r e sick.
Fill i n t h i s p a t i e n t i n f o r m a t i o n f o r m f r o m a d o c t o r ' s o f f i c e .
Name: Dateof v i s i e ; L ? / ? ?_
Toa iy ear
D a t e o f y o u r last visit:
Please check all of your symptoms:

1. Are you 3. Have you been
O dua? O sheesing?
shurt of breath?
oO
O coughing?
CO nauseous?
?An apple a
CO
weak? oO
vomiting? d a y k e e p s the
2. Do you have any pain in your 4, Please give a brief doctor away.?
O stomach? description of your illness
?This jine comes from an
O n e ?old poem that was told
to children to encourage
O hips? them to eat heaithy foods
O chest? like fruits and vegetables.
Ooether: {t's stil a common saying
foday in Enghsh.
Health Matters 13
LESSON
8 C o m p l e t e each sentence w i t h a w o r d f r o m the box.
[ a blood test acheckup an EKG a shot an X-ray
1. The nurse w i l l take a s a m p l e of b l o o d s o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ can be done.
2. The d o c t o r will give y o u t h e m e d i c i n e by g i v i n g y o u

i n t h e arm.
3. The d o c t o r is g o i n g t o take _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t o l o o k at the broken bone.
4, records electrical signals f r o m t h e heart?s activity.
5, i ' m g o i n g t o the d o c t o r f o r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t o make sure t h a t

I ' m healthy.
9 C o m p l e t e t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n , Use t h e w o r d s a n d p h r a s e s f r o m t h e b o x .
You w i l l n o t use all o f t h e w o r d s a n d p h r a s e s .
an a p p o i n t m e n t appreciate chest acheckup an £KG Pictures taken with
fit aninjection need apain a toothache S a r e e e d e n
Receptionist: Hello, Dr. Winters? office. a a e t n a e
Alexander York: Hello. I?m calling because I'd like to make c i f e r e n tr ales a i m
to see the doctor. most radiation, so

. bones look white on
Vhave ? _ _ _ ? _ _ _ _ in my = * an X-ray image (also
Receptionist: | think you might need Let's s e e
? called a radiograph). Fat
4. and other softer body
Ican ? ? _ you in this afternoon.
- paris absorb less and
. .
fook gray. Air absorbs
007
Would you be able to come in at 4:00? the least amount of
Alexander York: Yes, that?s great. |

really ? ? ? ? _ _ _ _ _ i t . radiation, so lungs look
6. black on an X-ray.
10 Now answer these questions about the conversation. Check yes, no, o r n o information.
yes no noinformation
1. Does Mr. York have chest pain? oO
2. Does the receptionist need an EKG? o

3. Is Mr. York from overseas? g
4. Can the doctor see Mr. York today? Oo
5. Does Mr. York need a checkup? Q
4 UNIT 2
11 Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence.
+
The d e n t i s t m a y / w i l l b e a b l e t o see y o u t o d a y , b u t I?m n o t sure.
- Your g u m s a r e really s w o l l e n . You m i g h t / m u s t b e i n a l o t of pain.
- Bill hates t o miss class. H e m u s t / m i g h t be really sick if he?s n o t here today.
- We will / m i g h t be able to g o shopping this weekend. It depends on if we have time.
. You lost af i l l i n g ? That m u s t / m a y really h u r t !
. The patient m i g h t / must need a blood test. The doctor will have to examine him to be sure.
. Susan w i l l / must be able to meet us for dinner, but she said she'd be al i t t l e late.
12 Rewrite each sentence using may, might, or must andbe a b l et o .

1, She has a lot of work to do, so she m i n o t beablet
g h o t_ keep her doctor?s appointment.
2. Dr. Morris isn?t in until this afternoon. H e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ see you.

3. I ' m sorry, b u t have t o c a n c e l today. | _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ s e e y o u u n t i l t h e e n d o f
I
t h e w e e k . I?ll have t o c h e c k m y schedule.
4. If leave w o r k at 5 : 0 0 , 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ g e t t h e r e by 5:30. It d e p e n d s on h o w
m u c h t r a f f i c t h e r e is.
5. M r s . G r a h a m has called several d e n t i s t s . She === s g t an a p p o i n t m e n t

for today.
13 R e a d t h e a r t i c l e Consider t h e Choices o n P a g e 2 0 i n t h e S t u d e n t ? s B o o k a g a i n . W r i t e t h e n a m e s o f
a S . the treatments.
c h i e n 1. W h e n m o d e r n m e d i c i n e a n d surgeries are u n s u c c e s s f u l , a p e r s o n m i g h t t r y o n e o f these t r e a t m e n t s .
2. A p e r s o n w h o is a f r a i d o f n e e d l e s w o u l d n o t w a n t t h i s t r e a t m e n t .
3. A p e r s o n w h o n e e d s s u r g e r y w o u l d w a n t this t r e a t m e n t .
4. A person who feels strongly that there is a mind and body connection would choose this treatment.
5. A l o t of c o n v e n t i o n a l m e d i c i n e s are b a s e d o n the s t u d y of t h i s t r e a t m e n t .
6. A p e r s o n w h o is u s i n g a r e m e d y t h a t can a c t u a t l y cause t h e s y m p t o m s t h e p e r s o n suffers f r o m is

u s i n g this t r e a t m e n t .
Health Matters 18
14. W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? W h a t a r e s o m e p r o s a n d cons o f e a c h t y p e o f t r e a t m e n t ? Use y o u r o w n ideas.
Pros Cons
acupuncture Tt can help you quit smoking. It?s | Idon?tlike needles!

5 , 0 0 0 y e a r s old, so i t m u s t w o r k .
conventional medicine
herbal t h e r a p y
hameopathy
spiritual healing
15 Read t h e w e b s i t e a b o u t a t y p e of m e d i c a l t r e a t m e n t . T h e n c i r c l e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e a n s w e r t h a t
c o r r e c t l y completes each sentence.
Fle Edt Yew Cgenm Took Me
ashort origins and recent m o r e about reflexology

intreduction history popularity treatments f e a r you
Reflexology is a natural treatment dating back to ancient times. it is based on the idea that there are zones,
or areas, in the feet and hands that are related to other parts and systems of the body. For example, the
tips of the toes and fingers are related to the head and neck, and the ball of the foot is related to the heart
and chest. A reflexologist applies pressure to specific areas in a patients feet and hands to relieve symptoms
or pain in other related areas.
This type of treatment does not cure or diagnose specific health problems, and it does not involve any
medication. Yet many patients find that it successfully relieves symptoms of stress and disease. Reflexology
is effective for pain, headaches, and sleeping difficulties, among other ailments. Applying pressure
to the feet and hands relieves tension, improves blood circulation, and relaxes muscles. it promotes the
natural, healthy functions and well-being of the entire body. Reflexology is often used along with other
types of treatments, including conventional medicine.
This gentle therapy is safe and simple. A reflexalogist's only tools are his o r her hands. Pressure is strong,
but not uncomfortable. It?s not uncommon for patients to fall asleep during treatments.
At y p i c a l treatment session lasts one hour. Treatment is usually focused on the feet for most of
the session. A patient is asked to remove his or her shoes and socks, to sit in a comfortable reclining chair,
and then to relax as the reflexologist warms the patient's feet with his or her hands and applies pressure to
the appropriate parts of the foot. The last ten minutes of the session are dedicated to the hands.
After relieving specific problems, many patients continue a regular program of treatment to maintain
good health. Some reflexologists suggest building at least a five-minute reflexology session into every
day for long-term relief of stress and pain.
16 UNIT 2
1. A r e f l e x o l o g i s t is a
a. p e r s o n w h o p r o v i d e s r e f l e x o l o g y t r e a t m e n t b. patient
¢. p e r s o n w h o receives r e f l e x o l o g y t r e a t m e n t d. doctor
2. The a r t i c l e doesn?t m e n t i o n that r e f l e x o l o g y can relieve +
a. headaches b. p r o b l e m s w i t h the feet

c. tension d. s y m p t o m s of disease
3. Reflexology ? _ w i t h o t h e r t r e a t m e n t s .
a. can be c o m b i n e d b. is never c o m b i n e d
c. isn?t usually c o m b i n e d d. m i g h t be c o m b i n e d in t h e f u t u r e
4. Inat y p i c a l session of reflexology, a b o u t is s p e n t on the feet.

a. o n e h o u r b. f i f t y m i n u t e s
¢. t e n m i n u t e s d. half the t i m e
5. The ideas b e h i n d r e f l e x o l o g y are m o s t similar to those o f _ _ _ .

@. conventional medicine b. spiritual healing
c. herbal t h e r a p y d. acupuncture
16 C o m p l e t e t h e c h a r t . Use t h e i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m t h e w e b s i t e i n Exercise 15 a n d t h e R e a d i n g o n
P a g e 2 0 in t h e S t u d e n t ' s B o o k .
Type o f t r e a t m e n t H o w it?s s i m i l a r t o r e f l e x o l o g y | H o w it's d i f f e r e n t f r o m reflexology
homeopathy
herbal therapy
acupuncture
Bef
17 S u g g e s t m e d i c a t i o n s f o r t h e f o l l o w i n g s y m p t o m s . In s o m e cases, m o r e t h a n o n e t y p e m i g h t b e
h e l p f u l . E x p l a i n w h y y o u t h i n k each m e d i c a t i o n is h e l p f u l .
Symptom Medication Reason
sneezing Cold t a b l e t s ,
a toothache
weakness
coughing
stomach problems
a b u r n f r o m h o t oil
r e d eyes
an i n f e c t i o n
Health Matters 7
18 W H A T A B O U T YOU? H o w do you buy medications in y o u r c o u n t r y ? W h i c h ones do
you n e e d a p r e s c r i p t i o n for? W h i c h ones can you buy w i t h o u t a p r e s c r i p t i o n ?
W h i c h are a v a i l a b l e b o t h ways?
Prescription Prescription Some kinds r e q u i r e

always n e e d e d not needed a prescription
antacids Oo
QO oO
painkillers Oo
Oo a c a nboa
Drage thar
b e|
antibiotics im) oO 0 Fractal
oO
vitamins O o ?encme
cold tablets oO oO
Qo ?
en e e
antihistamines Oo o oO
IPaeee nedort
other: O 0 o
19 W H A T A B O U T YOU? A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s in y o u r o w n way.
1. W h a t are some of the medications listed in Exercise 18 t h a t y o u have taken? ? _
2. W h a t is t h e n o r m a l dosage?
3. D o y o u n e e d a p r e s c r i p t i o n to get t h e m ?
4. W h a t are some w a r n i n g s o r side effects of these medicines? _ _ _ _ ? ?
elstslal a l s a i c a e e e s woe
A Rewrite the sentences, using probably and most l i k e l y .
1. He feels terrible. He m u s t have the f l u .
2. M y arm aches. It m u s t be f r o m t h e shot I g o t yesterday.
3. M y d o c t o r is n o t a n s w e r i n g t h e p h o n e . He m u s t n o t be in today.
4, An herbalist m u s t k n o wa l o t of d i f f e r e n t plants.
5. Lucy is n o t eating a n y t h i n g . She m u s t n o t be feeling w e l l .
18 UNIT 2
B_ R e w r i t e each s e n t e n c e w i t h m a y b e .
1. She?s b e e n sneezing since she g o t here. She m a y be allergic to my cat.
2. t m n o t feeling well. | may have the f l u .
3. He's taking a lot of m e d i c a t i o n . H e may be sick.
4. He has pain in his chest. He m a y n e e d an EKG.
5. She hates to fly. She m a y prefer to take t h e train.
6. It looks like a b a d infection. The d o c t o r may w a n t to prescribe antibiotics.
Each s e n t e n c e b e l o w has a n e r r o r . R e w r i t e e a c h s e n t e n c e c o r r e c t l y .
1. I t h i n k | f o r g o t p r o b a b l y t o take m y m e d i c a t i o n .
2. He doesn?t have a fever. M a y be it?s just a c o l d .
3. She is d i z z y because she doesn?t m o s t likely g e t e n o u g h sleep.
4. W e don?t have p r o b a b l y any c o u g h m e d i c i n e at h o m e .
5. H e maybe able t o r e t u r n to w o r k t o m o r r o w .
6. He likes natural m e d i c i n e so he prefers p r o b a b l y herbal therapy.
7. They?re tate p r o b a b l y because t h e y overslept.
8. She prefers maybe t o w a i t until M o n d a y .
Health Matters. 9
WRITING BOOSTER
A Read t h e s e n t e n c e s . A r e t h e y c o m p a r i n g o r c o n t r a s t i n g t h i n g s ? C h e c k t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r .
Comparison Contrast
1. M y sister is d i f f e r e n t f r o m m y b r o t h e r in the w a y she

acts t o w a r d her friends.
2. Vegetables are healthy a n d l o w i n carbohydrates.

Likewise, f r u i t is h e a l t h y even t h o u g h it is higher in
carbohydrates.
3. Unlike N e w York, San D i e g o is o n t h e w e s t coast.
4. H i g h s c h o o l a n d c o l l e g e are alike in m a n y ways.
5. Riding a bicycle is g o o d exercise. On the o t h e r hand,

d r i v i n g a car uses little energy.
6. If y o u have an infection, you can take antibiotics, b u t

if you have the f l u , t h e antibiotics will n o t work.
7. M a n y o f the subjects he is s t u d y i n g r e q u i r e a lot of

t e a d i n g . T h e y also require essay w r i t i n g .
8. A b r o k e n ankle is v e r y painful. A sprained ankle

is v e r y painful as well.
9. | e n j o y t r a v e l i n g by train. However, |
really dislike
plane Lravel.
10. Both Saturday and Sunday are my favorite days of

the week.
Circle t h e w o r d t h a t correctly completes each sentence.
A v e r y painful ankle may r e q u i r e an X-ray. A painful t o o t h m a y r e q u i r e o n e , ? _ _ .

a. t o o b. similarly
2. a c u p u n c t u r e a n d spiritual healing are considered holistic medicine, n o t c o n v e n t i o n a l

medicine.
a, Whereas b. Both
3. Doctors t h a t prescribe c o n v e n t i o n a l m e d i c a t i o n s must have a medical d e g r e e . _ _ _ , d o c t o r s t h a t

prescribe natural m e d i c a t i o n s don?t have to have one.
a. O n t h e o t h e r h a n d b, Likewise
4, _ _ _ a s l i g h t headache, a severe headache m i g h t n e e da painkiller.

a, Whereas b. Unlike
5. You n e e d a p r e s c r i p t i o n t o b u y antibiotics. _ _ _ _ , y o u don?t need a prescription t o buy vitamins or

s o m e painkillers.
a. H o w e v e r b. Similarly
20 UNIT 2
L o o k at t h e c h a r t c o m p a r i n g C h i n e s e h e a l t h massage a n d a c u p u n c t u r e . O n a s e p a r a t e s h e e t o f
Paper, w r i t e a s h o r t p a r a g r a p h c o m p a r i n g t h e t w o . Use t h e s e ideas o r y o u r o w n ideas.
Chinese health massage Acupuncture
has b e e n used for a very l o n g t i m e has b e e n used f o r t h o u s a n d s of years
increases energy f l o w in t h e b o d y increases e n e r g y f l o w t h r o u g h o u t the b o d y
helps the body?s i m m u n e o r defense system i m p r o v e s t h e body?s i m m u n e o r defense system
L o o k at t h e c h a r t c o n t r a s t i n g t h e Japanese a n id A m e r i c a n h e a l t h c a r e s y s t e m s . O n a s e p a r a t e sheet
o f p a p e r , w r i t e a s h o r t p a r a g r a p h c o n t r a s t i n g t h e t w o . Use t h e s e ideas o r y o u r o w n ideas.
Japanese healthcare system A m e r i c a n h e a l t h c a r e system

universalh e a l t h c a r e system (available t o all n o t universal
citizens)
Japanese e m p l o y e e s p a y m o r e for healthcare American e m p l o y e e s d o n o t pay m o r e if t h e y are

if they are o v e r w e i g h t . overweight.
Healthcare c o m p a n i e s are n o t a l l o w e d t o Healthcare c o m p a n i e s can make a profit.
m a k e a profit.
Employers are e n c o u r a g e d to check t h e Employers c a n n o t c h e c k the w e i g h t of employees.
w e i g h t of e m p l o y e e s . H i g h e r w e i g h t tends to Itis against the law.
i n d i c a t e a less healthy e m p l o y e e .
Heatth Matters 21
1 L o o k at t h e p i c t u r e s . W h i c h p e r s o n is a p r o c r a s t i n a t o r ? W h i c h p e r s o n is w e l l - o r g a n i z e d ?
Check ( / ) t h e correct box.
Oh, no! | have to get these I need to get this package to Jakarta Fd like 100 m o r e pages just
pressed for my interview today! by Wednesday. Do you think it will like this by next w e e k , OK?
get there in two days?
tena
fur K e e s
\ 2 is
A
bog
? e a ,
1, Cprocrastinator Olwell-organized 2. C i procrastinator w e l l - o r g a n i z e d 3. O procrastinator C1well-organized
I
need 50 copies of my report printed W h a t a mess! A n d t h e guests are cot
from this flash drive for my meeting in in a n hour!
Beijing next month.
onch
\a t
\\ |
= ay ge
~~
_
Y S
4. D proceastinator C1 well-organized 5. Dprocrastinator C1) well-organized
? P r o c r a s t i n a t i o n is t h e a r t o f
keeping u p w i t h yesterday
and avoiding today.?
~Wayne Dyer
2 M a t c h t h e s e n t e n c e s w i t h s i m i l a r m e a n i n g s . O r a wal i n e .
1, I h a v e a really u r g e n t job. a. t a m really busy.

2. I?ve g o t a lot on m y plate. b, [ h a v e t o g e t this d o n e as soon as possible.
3. [ n e e d this a.s.a.p. ¢. [don?t w a n t to take up m o r e of y o u r time.
4. |
w o n ' t keep you t h e n . d. I ' m w o r k i n g on a really i m p o r t a n t task.
5. l o w e y o u one. e. No problem.
6, No sweat. f. lt
really appreciate y o u r help.
3° Circle t h e w o r d or p h r a s e t h a t best c o m p l e t e s each sentence.
+
You can have s o m e o n e d o / d o e s / to d o t h a t for you.
.
The lawyer w i l t m a k e t h e m s i g n e d/ s i g n / t o s i g n the papers.
. She g o t a service to c l e a n / c l e a n e d / c l e a n h e r house before t h e party.
. W h y don?t you g e t s o m e o n e h e l p e d / t o h e l p / h e l p you?
Mrs. Oliver always makes p e o p l e t o clo / d i d / d o w h a t e v e r she w a n t s .

. Have s o m e o n e else t a k e n / t o t a k e / t a k e care of that.
4 C o m p l e t e t h e p a r a g r a p h w i t h the correct f o r m o f the verbs.
BEFORE:
M y l i f e u s e d t o be s o c r a z y . I i e d t o d o e v e r y t h i n g m y s e l f , a n d | n e v e r g o t a n y o n e
? ?T ? _
me. Then | realized that it?s OK to have other p e o p i e 2._ _ _ _ a f e w things
help do
for me. For example, now | make the kids
? a a their rooms themselves. And | have my
|
husband
? i T e E at the grocery store on his way home from work if i need something.
|
I've even gotten the kids ? s e e little bit. it?s not always the best food, but at least}
don?t have to d o it! {'ve found that my life is m u c h calmer w h e n | have everyone Shove
the responsibilities.
AFTER:
5 M a t c h e a c h r e q u e s t w i t h a s i m i l a r s e n t e n c e . W r i t e t h e l e t t e r o n t h e line,
? ? 1. W o u l d you fill in f o r m e at the soccer game this w e e k e n d ? a. Can y o u get it?

2 .
Is it possible f o r you to give m e a r i d e h o m e ? b, C a n ! u s e it?
3. »
Will y o u pick u p d i n n e r on y o u r w a y home? .
C o u l d y o u w a t c h it?
? ? 4. C o u l d you lend m e y o u r p h o n e f o r a minute? |.

Can you drive me?
5.
. W o u l d y o u keep an eye on the soup? e. C o u l d y o u take m y place?
Getting Things Done 23

6 C o m p l e t e t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n . U s e t h e w o r d s i n t h e b o x . Y o u w i l l n o t use al! o f t h ew o r d s .
get favor fill in f o r have lend
lifesaver owe pick up problem understand
Anna: Hey, Greg. Are y o u busy? C o u l d y o u d o m e a 7 ?
Greg: No . W h a t can |
d o f o r you?
2z
some documents
A n n a : Well, have a m e e t i n g i n a f e w m i n u t e s , b u t | n e e d t o
|
f r o m t h e copy place d o w n the street.
Greg: W h y don?t y o u t h e m deliver t h e d o c u m e n t s ?
Anna: |'m afraid t h a t m i g h tbe d i f f i c u l t . There?s n o t i m e .
Greg: ! z
A n n a : Thanks a m i l l i o n , Greg. You're a you one.
Greg: N o sweat.
cL. 2
7 W h a t k i n d o f s e r v i c e d o e s e a c h p e r s o n w a n t t o h a v e d o n e ? Use t h e w o r d s i n t h e b o x .
copying p r i n t i n ig haircut delivery
dry cleaning framing shoe repair
_ ?| need this sweater

? C a n y o u shorten it b y ?Could |
h a v e these
?|just bought this great poster. done a.s.a.p. It?s urgent.?
a b o u t 3 inches?? packages in my
Now I need to get it fixed so that
office b y noon??
lean hang it above my desk.?
?Can you have this sign ?} have to get more handouts

?| lost the heel on these sandals.
f o r me b y t o m o r r o w ? ? f o r t o m o r r o w ' s meeting.?
Can you fix it for me??
g e ?
w e y
y f
Ah. | t e h ?
5. 6. 7%
?
24 UNITS
8 Read t h e services i n Exercise 7. C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s w i t h t h e s e r v i c e each p e r s o n n e e d s . Use
t h e passive causative.
1, He would like to have_his poster framed
2. She wants to get

_He would like to have
|.
She needs to have
.
She w a n t s to have
.
He needs to get
.
He has t o get
8 C o m p l e t e e a c h s e n t e n c e w i t h t h e passive c a u s a t i v e . Use t h e c o r r e c t tense.
1. W e will h a v e t h e sign copied t o m o r r o w because the p r i n t e r is closed today.

have / the Sign / copy
2. Don?t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ there. T h e y ' v e lost m y shirts twice!
have / your shirts / press
3. Can y o u please _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ b e f o r e this afternoon?s meeting?
get / these pages / copy
4, Last w e e k ] ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ § _ _ _ _ _ _ , a n d n o w it looks like new.
have / my blouse / dry-clean
5. Mr. S u t t o n needs t o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m t m _ _ today.
have / these flowers / deliver
6. W o u l d it be possible to _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ by this a f t e r n o o n ?
get / this photo / print
7. Bill?s pants w e r e t o o l o n g , b u t t h e n yesterday, he
have / them / shorten
8. S o m e t i m e next w e e k she
get/ her computer / repair
10 C H A L L E N G E . C o r r e c t t h e m i s t a k e i n each s e n t e n c e .
delivered
. You can have the packages d e l i v e r i nt g o y o u r h o m e o r office.
. t f y o u ' r eg e t t i n g G r y - c t e a n e d y o u sr u i t , make sure y o u can pick it u p t o m o r r o w .
- You can have y o u r shoes repair for m u c h less t h a n it costs to buy a n e w pair.
We're having signs t o p r i n t t o a n n o u n c e t h e big event next w e e k .
. W h e r e did y o u g o t y o u r pants l e n g t h e n e d ? T h e y d i d a great job.
. You should g e t y o u r skirt shorten so it l o o k s m o r e fashionable.
\'d like to have f r a m e d this d i p l o m a so I can hang it up.
. They didn?t had t h e h o u s e c l e a n e d yesterday.
11 W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? W h i c h services d o y o u use? C o m p l e t e e a c h s e n t e n c e i n y o u r o w n w a y .
Use t h e passive c a u s a t i v e .
1. l a l w a y s have
2 .
v e never had
3. Ihave gotten
4. . Sometimes |
get

e s t e
12 Read t h e a r t i c l e H o w can | help you? o n p a g e 32 in t h e Student?s Book a g a i n . C h e c k true, false, o r
M s .
019 info
. r m a .t i o n .
SORA READING true false n o information
COMPRENEDERON
. C u s t o m e r s b u y services a n d p r o d u c t s .
M o s t businesses m a k e t h e i r c u s t o m e r s w a i t a l o n g time.
.
You s h o u l d p r o m i s e customers w h a t e v e r they w a n t to hear.
4. If y o u r p r o d u c t breaks, offer to fix it.

. You s h o u l d pay m o r e a t t e n t i o n t o praise t h a n to c o m p l a i n t s .
. Find o u t t h e answers t o a customer?s q u e s t i o n .
13 Read the article. Then write I for true o rF f o r false for each statement, according t o the
information in the article. Correct the false statements.
?Dry? cleaning
W h e n you n e e d y o u r d e l i c a t e g a r m e n t s c l e a n e d , y o u t a k e t h e m t o y o u r l o c a l d r y c l e a n i n g s t o r e . You
give t h e m y o u r c l o t h e s , g e t a t i c k e t , a n d a f t e r a few h o u r s o r a f e w d a y s . y o u r c l o t h e s a r e as g o o d a s
n e w . B u t do you k n o w w h a t d r y c l e a n i n g is? D o y o u know h o w It f i r s t s t a r t e d ?
D e s p l t e its n a m e , d r y c l e a n i n g is a c t u a l l y n o t a d r y process. Clothes a r e w a s h e d in l i q u i d c h e m i c a l s ,

b u t w i t h o u t water. (That's w h y the p r o c e s s b e c a m e k n a w n a s d r y c l e a n i n g . ) D r y c l e a n i n g Is o f t e n
u s e d I n s t e a d o f w a s h i n g d e i l c a t e f a b r i c s by h a n d . It c a n a l s o r e m o v e s t a i n s t h a t c a n ' t be r e m o v e d at
home.
T h e i n v e n t i o n o f d r y c l e a n i n g w a s an a c c i d e n t . In ( 8 5 5 . a F r e n c h m a n n a m e d J e a n B a p u s t e f o l l y
m a d e a d i s c o v e r y : A l a m p f i l l e d w i t h k e r o s e n e f e l l o n a greasy c l o t h in h i s h o m e ( k e r o s e n e fs a t y p e
of o l f t h a t b u r n s w e l l ) . W h e n t h e k e r o s e n e d r i e d , t h e c l o t h w a s c l e a n e r w h e r e t h e l i q u i d h a d been.
B a s e d o n t h i s d i s c o v e r y . p e o p l e b e g a n l o u s e c h e m i c a l s to c l e a n c l o t h e s . B u t m o s t o f t h e s e
c h e m i c a l s , s u c h a s k e r o s e n e a n d g a s o l i n e . c o u l d e a s i l y c a t c h on fire, s o d r y c l e a n i n g w a s v e r y
dangerous.
In t h e 1 9 3 0 s , p e o p l e s t a r t e d to u s e a n e w c h e m i c a l . c a l l e d p e r c h o l o r o c t h y t e n e , o r p e r c f o r s h o r t .
T h i s c h e m i c a l c l e a n e d well, was g e n t l e o n m o s t f a b r i c s , and most i m p o r t a n t l y , H d i d n ' t c a t c h on f i r e
easily. so i l w a s m u c h safer t h a n the c h e m i c a l s that w e r e used eariter. IU ts s t i l l u s e d t o d a y b y m o s t
d r y c l e a n e r s . However, in recent years, s o m e people hase been w o r r i e d about p o s s i b l e h e a l t h issues
r e l a t e d to perc.
While perc does not catch on fire easily, people who work in dry cleaning shops have complained of
dizziness, headaches. steepiness. sore eves and throat. and other more serious illnesses from the
c h e m i c a l s m e ! l s , S o m e new m a c h i n e s have been developed t o b e l p k e e p t h e l u m e s f r o m e s c a p i n g
d u r i n g the c l e a n i n g p r o c e s s a n d t o keep the a i r in the shops cleaner. fresher, a n d safer.
e e e
? n e
UNITS
+
N o l i q u i d is used in the d r y c l e a n i n g process.
. Jean Baptiste Jolly was t r y i n g t o f i n d a n e w w a y t o clean clothes.
. When kerosene g o t on the c l o t h in Jolly?s home, the c l o t h c a u g h t on fire.
. Kerosene can clean greasy c l o t h .
. People stopped using gasoline a n d kerosene because they w e r e dangerous.
. Perc doesn?t b u r n as easily as kerosene and gasoline.
. Perc isn?t used in d r y cleaning a n y m o r e .
14 Read t h e a r t i c l e a g a i n . T h e n a n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1, H o w is d r y cleaning d i f f e r e n t f r o m t h e w a y p e o p l e n o r m a l l y w a s h t h e i r clothes at h o m e ?
2. W h a t chemicals d i d p e o p l e use to d r y - c l e a n t h e i r c l o t h e s in t h e late 1800s?
3. W h y did p e o p l e start using perc f o r d r y cleaning?
15 L o o k a t t h e c o m p l e t e d c u s t o m e r survey. T h e n a n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s a b o u t t h e c u s t o m e r ? s
e x p e r i e n c e . W r i t e yes, n o , o r n o i n f o r m a t i o n .
Thank you for choosing S e w C l e a n for your tailoring a n d dry cleaning needs. W e w a n t to
k n o w about your experience. Please take a moment to complete this survey and evaluate uur
quality of service.
5 4 3 2 1
excellent good average poor unacceptable
Quality of work (G} 3 2

Speed of service 5 3 2
Price of service 5 3 @
Knowledge of employees g 3 2
Do you have any other comments? The tailor knew what she was doing. She shortened
myp a n t sperfectly, And they were ready on time. She told met h a t they would be
finished the next day, and they were!
- Does the customer think that the business is efficient?
. Does the c u s t o m e r t h i n k t h a t t h e business is professional?
.
Does t h e c u s t o m e r t h i n k t h a t t h e prices are reasonabie?
-
Does t h e c u s t o m e r t h i n k t h a t t h e e m p l o y e e s are helpful?
Does the c u s t o m e r t h i n k t h a t t h e e m p l o y e e s are reliable?
Does the customer think that the business offers a lot of different services?
. Did the customer use the tailoring services?
- Did t h e c u s t o m e r use the d r y cleaning services?

16 Read a n d r e s p o n d t o t h e i n s t a n t m e s s a g e . D e s c r i b e t h e q u a l i t y o f t h e s e r v i c e a n d t h e
w o r k m a n s h i p o f o n e b u s i n e s s in y o u r area.
Rudy425
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r u d y 4 2 5 : I'm n e w t o t h e area and w o u l d r e a l l y like t o k n o w a b o u t t h e local services.

Can you r e c o m m e n d any businesses?
you:
17 L o o k at t h e p l a n s f o r t h e b u s i n e s s e v e n t . A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
_ -, Plans f o r s m a l l b u s i n e s s event:
?_? Mike: decide which small businesses to invite
~ write down all the businesses that we'll invite
?T* Kayla: call our departments to see when they are available
a , decide which day most people can come
==, Alan: visit Bryce Park Center and Shady Grove

Comterence Center
~ ~ a! decide which one is best f o r the event
???e' Ryan: decide now many guest speakers to have
? a Paige: send out the announcements

? _
<° Abby: set up the room
s y , set up the projector; check the sound system
< = . , Samantha: make copies of the agenda; prepare handouts
< = , Carvie: announce the speakersa t t h e conference
28 UNIT 3
.
W h o is g o i n g to pick a date?
.
W h o is g o i n g t o make c o p i e s of the a g e n d a ?
W h o is g o i n g to decide w h o to invite?
W h o is g o i n g t o pick a place?
- W h o is g o i n g t o a n n o u n c e the speakers?
. W h o is g o i n g t o check the s o u n d system?
. W h o is g o i n g t o send o u t a n n o u n c e m e n t s ?
. W h o is g o i n g t o decide h o w m a n y speakers to have?
18 WHAT ABOUT YOU? Answer the questions in your o w n way.
1. W h i c h step f o r p l a n n i n g a c o n f e r e n c e o r meeting w o u l d you m o s t like to do? Why?
2. Which step w o u l d you least like to do? Why?
19 Read t h e a r t i c l e a b o u t p l a n n i n g a p a r t y . T h e n circle t h e l e t t e r o f t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r to eachq u e s t i o n .
HOW TO ENJOY YOUR OWN
Sometimes hosts are so busy planning a party that

they don?t enjoy themselves at the actual event. Here
are some tips to help you relax and have fun!
M a k e lists of: * A s s i g n cleaning, cooking, decorating, and

?e v e r y t h i n g y o u ' r e g o i n g t o c l e a n other responsibilities. Have y o u r family a n d
f r i e n d s help, or hire s o m e o n e .
? h o w you'll decorate
* D e c i d e w h i c h f o o d s you c a n m a k e before
- food that you'll serve
the d a y of the party. H a v e a caterer m a k e
? Stores you need to go to (grocery store, florist, everything else,
party store, etc.) * Make a schedule for the day of the party.
~ personal p r e p a r a t i o n s (buy a n outfit, get hair I n c l u d e c l e a n i n g a n d decorating t a s k s as well
d o n e , s h o w e r , etc.} as personal preparations.
Now, follow the schedule you've made, and enjoy the party!
1. A c c o r d i n g to t h e article, y o u ' l l enjoy y o u r o w n p a r t y m o r e if you .

a. plan f o r it w e l l b. l o o k f a b u l o u s ¢. serve delicious f o o d
2. Make lists to help y o u .

a. choose w h i c h foods to serve b. make a hair a p p o i n t m e n t c. plan
3. You should m a k e f o o d _ _ _ _ t h e party.

a. during b. before the day of c. o n the d a y of
4. The article doesn?t m e n t i o n .
a. g e t t i n g p e o p l e to help y o u ?b. shopping «. h o w to choose the m e n u

20 W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s in y o u r o w n way.
1. W h a t d o you t h i n k is m o s t i m p o r t a n t at a party? Rate t h e details f r o m 1 t o 5, 1 being the most

i m p o r t a n t , 5 b e i n g t h e least i m p o r t a n t .
? ? music
? ? food
? ? - - decorations
? ? place
? ? other:
2. Explain w h y you t h i n k that _ _ _ _ _ _ is t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t d e t a i l in p a r t y p l a n n i n g .
3. W h a t are s o m e reasons f o r having a party?
i d a ralaa2 1 2
A L o o k at t h e c h a r t a b o u t w h a t e a c h c h i l d is p e r m i t t e d t o d o . C o m p l e t e e a c h i t e m w i t h
i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m t h e c h a r t . Use l e t .
G o to b e d late re e m e r C M C C Taio
Tina
John
Michael and Jim
1. Tina's parents d e n ? t l e g
t oh e_ r_ to bed late. But they l e t h e r e a t _ a lot of sugar.
A n d s o m e t i m e s they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h o m e f r o m school.
2. John?s m o t h e r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t o b e d fate. But she _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a l o t o f sugar.
A n d she _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h o m e f r o m school either.
3. Michael a n d Jim?s parents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to b e d late. T h e y also
a lot o f sugar. But t h e y _ _ _ _ _ _ h o m e f r o m school.
B_ Read each statement. Give advice about what the person should o r shouldn?t permit. Use let o r
don?tl e t .
1, ?The kids are running all over the house.?

Let them play outside. OR Don't let them climb on the furniture.
2. ?My daughter broke a tooth on a piece of candy.?
3. ? M y little sister watches t o o m u c h TV?
30 U N I3T
G Read each sentence and then answer the question.
1. We had made some cookies for the kids. Who made the c o o k i e s ? _ W e d i d ,
2. Lisa had her parents send in the form. Who sent in the form?
3. They had their friends move the furniture. Who moved the furniture?
4. Jeff?s boss, Brian, had cancelled
t h e meeting. W h o c a n c e l l e d the m e e t i n g ?
5, W e had talked to the clients about

the problem. W h o talked a b o u t the p r o b l e m ?
6. Taylor had Steve take t h e messages

f o r Christine. W h o t o o k t h e messages?
D_ Read e a c h s e n t e n c e . Cross o u t t h e b y p h r a s e i f i t is n o t i m p o r t a n t .
1, [ h a d my shirt?s sleeves shortened bs yo m e o n e .

2. The gallery always gets things f r a m e d by Colin's Frames.
3. W e get o u r h o l i d a y cookies made by a professional b a k e r y d o w n the street.

4. You should get y o u r p h o t o s printed by the p e o p l e at the mall.
5. They?re having the p a c k a g e sent by Zipp?s Delivery Service.
6. She g o t the kids? pictures taken by the p e r s o n w i t h the camera.

7 I g e t m y c l o t h e s d r y - c l e a n e d by a person at S u m m i t Cleaners.
8. She always gets h e r hair cut by Clara at Shear Perfection.
W R I T I N G BOOSTER
A W r i t e a s e n t e n c e e x p r e s s i n g y o u r p e r s o n a l o p i n i o n i n r e s p o n s e t o each o f t h e f o l l o w i n g q u e s t i o n s .
Use e x p r e s s i o n s f o r s t a t i n g o p i n i o n s f r o m t h e c h a r t o n p a g e 148 in t h e Student?s Book.
1. D o you t h i n k p e o p l e w h o are v e r y organized get more d o n e w i t h less stress?
2. D o you t h i n k it?s i m p o r t a n t f o r p e o p l e t o get a l o n g at w o r k ?
3. D o you t h i n k children s h o u l d be r e q u i r e d t o s t u d y music at school?
4. D o y o u t h i n k g e t t i n g p e o p l e to h e l p is b e t t e r t h a n t r y i n g to d o e v e r y t h i n g yourself?
3. Do y o u t h i n k speed a n d reliability are t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t reasons to choose o n e store o v e r a n o t h e r ?
6. D o y o u t h i n k e m p l o y e r s should be a l l o w e d to c h e c k t h e i r employees? health?
Getting Things Done 3t

C o m p l e t e each s t a t e m e n t w i t h a p e r s o n a l e x a m p l e .
1. I ' m a very o r g a n i z e d person. For e x a m p l e ,
. Some p e o p l e are g o o d at m a k i n g a b u d g e t , b u t |
am n o t o n e of t h e m . W h e n e v e r ? _ _ _
l feel g r e a t e v e r y t i m e
T h e r e are a l o t of times | have t o r u n late f o r an a p p o i n t m e n t . For instance, ? ? _ _ _ _
l u s e d to b e a t e r r i b l e procrastinator. When |
was
. M y n e i g h b o r s are so nice, a n d t h e y always help me in al o t of ways, such as
L o o k a t t h e s t a t e m e n t s i n Exercise A. Choose o n e o p i n i o n a n d l i s t t h r e e p e r s o n a l e x a m p l e s t o
s u p p o r t y o u r v i e w . Use t h e e x p r e s s i o n s f o r s t a t i n g p e r s o n a l e x a m p l e s f r o m Exercise B.
Your opinion:
Personal examples:
32 UNITS
1
Read t h e b o o k covers. W r i t e t h e t y p e of b o o k . Use t h e t y p e s f r o m t h e b o x . Y o u w i l l n o t use
all of t h e t y p e s .
an autobiography abiography amystery @ romance novel
science f i c t i o n a self-help b o o k short stories a travel book
Florida with Kids: Sandra Green

Come Visit the The Ugiy Lie of a
Beautiful Woman
Sunshine State The t r u e s t o r y
of model
Alexa
Frost
Theresa Beck
Candace Flint
Read each pair of sentences. Write ?=? if the sentences have the same o r similar meanings and ?z?
if the sentences have different meanings.
« 1
can?t g e t into it. es I
can?t p u t it d o w n .
. It?s n o t my t h i n g . I
don?t fikeit 6 GA 007 without books 9 g
islike a b o d y
. bcan?t p u t it d o w n . It?s a real page-turner.
w i t h o u t a soul.
I
can?t g e t into it. I
can?t g e t e n o u g h of it. ? Marcus Tullius Cicero (Ancient Roman
It puts me to sleep. politician, writer, and public speaker}
[ r e a l l y like it.
P i l i e n d it to y o u . You can b o r r o w it.
i ' m just b r o w s i n g . I ' m f o o k i n g f o r a specific b o o k .

3° W H A T A B O U T YOU? A n s w e r t h e questions in y o u r o w n way.
1, N a m e a b o o k or o t h e r reading m a t e r i a l t h a t y o u can?t get e n o u g h of.
2. N a m e a b o o k or o t h e r reading material t h a t p u t s you t o sleep.
esa
4 Read each sentence. Check true or false.
true false
1. A page-turner describes a book that you can?t put down, Oo oO
2. If you think a book is a cliff-hanger, you probably can?t get into it. oO oO
3. A book becomes a best-seller whena lot of people buy it. go

a
4. Abook that is a fast read is very difficult. im oO
5. Abook that is trash isn?t usually considered to be good literature. Oo

O
5 R e s p o n d t o e a c h q u e s t i o n w i t h a c l a u s e u s i n g t h a t . Use t h e p r o m p t s .
1, What ' s in t h e latest issue of Car Magazine? (an article o n h y b r i d cars / |

think)
I t h i n k t h a t t h e l a t e s t issue o f C a r M a g a z i n e has a n a r t i c l e on h y b r i d cars.
2. W h a t d o y o u t h i n k a b o u t this book? ( h a r d to f o l l o w / | believe)
3. W h a t b o o k did she write? (a b o o k a b o u t English g r a m m a/ r |

think)
4, W h e r e d o Stieg Larsson?s novels take place? (in S w e d e n / | guess)
5. W h o are t h e m a i n characters in t h e Twilight novel? (Beila a n d E d w a r d/ | believe)
6. W h a t is A d a m Johnson?s s h o r t story ?Hurricanes A n o n y m o u s ? a b o u t ? {a single f a t h e/r | t h i n k )
7. W h a t is Alice Seboid?s m o s t f a m o u s novel? (The Lovely Bones / |

suppose)
8. T h e y don?t have any articles on k n i t t i n g i n this magazine, d o they? ( d i s a p p o i n t e d / 1)
34 UNIT 4
W H A T A B O U T YOU? C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s in y o u r o w n way. Use n o u n clauses.
1. [ b e l i e v e (that)
\
used t o t h i n k (that)
|
didn?t k n o w (that)
I?m sure (that)
Vm h a p p y (that)
W r i t e t h e l e t t e r of t h e s e n t e n c e t h a t best a n s w e r s e a c h q u e s t i o n .
? ? 1. Has Kristin H a n n a h s t o p p e d w r i t i n g a. |
t h i n k so, b u t I can?t r e m e m b e r t h e title.
novels? b. |
hope not. | really like her books.
? ? 2 . Are y o u r e a d i n g a n y t h i n g g o o d these
c. I'm afraid not. I?m surprised [
can?t f i n d
days?
a n y t h i n g good.
? ? 3. D o you t h i n k the new j o d y Picoult novel . |
believe so. I?ve just started r e a d i n g it.
is g o i n g to be any g o o d ?
4. Is y o u r b o o k any g o o d ? €. |
guess so. All of her books are great.
? ? 5. Have you read a n y t h i n g by A m y Tan?
C o m p l e t e each c o n v e r s a t i o n w i t h a l o g i c a l response. Use 50 o r n o t .
1. A: Does this magazine cost less than this book?

B: I
think .
2. A: I'm glad t h e i n t e r v i e w w e n t well. Do y o u t h i n k t h e y ' l l offer you a job?

B: I
h o p e _ _ _ . . I really like the c o m p a n y .
3. A: Is Scott g o i n g to m e e t us t o n i g h t ?
B: Well, he?s already an h o u r late, so | guess _ _ .
4. A: Is it g o i n g t o rain f o r o u r picnic t o m o r r o w ?
8: Ehope__.
5. A: Do the stores close at 4 : 0 0 in the afternoon?

8: |
don?t believe .
W H A T A B O U T YOU? C o m p l e t e t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n in y o u r o w n way. R e c o m m e n d a b o o k t o a
friend. Explain w h y y o u r e c o m m e n d it.
Y o u r f r i e n d : i ' m l o o k i n g f o r s o m e t h i n g g o o d t o read. D o y o u have any r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s ?
You should read ? _ _ _ _ _ _ h i g h l y r e c o m m e n d it.
Your f r i e n d : Really? Why's that?
Reading for Pleasure 35

10 Put the conversation in order. Write the n u m b e r on the line.
____ I
know. | think |
b o u g h t the last copy.
_ _ _ Yes, | just b o u g h t it at t h e n e w s s t a n d downstairs. i ?Tell me w h a t you read and

_ _ _ _ l ? i l e n d it t o you w h e n I?m d o n e w i t h it. ,
I s h a l l tell y o u w h a t y o u are.?
_?__ was just down there, but
|
it?s sold out. i ?anonymous proverb
? ? Really? That?s great. Thanks.
? _ ? |s this t h e latest issue?
_ _ _ _ Too bad. There?s an article in there |

really w a n t t o read.
"1 L o o k at t h e p i c t u r e s a n d c o m p l e t e e a c h sentence. M a k e e m b e d d e d q u e s t i o n s .
_
Is RedThunder the
author?s second
1. She would like to know i f (whether) Red 2. He'd like to know

Thunder is the author's second novel
Are there any

other books by Why is this book
Vanessa Heart? $0 popular?
3. She wonders ? ? _ _ 4, He wonders
12 Read e a c h p a i r o f e m b e d d e d q u e s t i o n s . C i r c l e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e c o r r e c t s e n t e n c e i n e a c h p a i r .
1. a, I
don?t k n o w if it?s trash.
b. I
don?t know if is it trash.
2. a. Would you mind asking Angie whether | could see her book?
b. W o u l d you m i n d asking A n g i e t h a t | c o u l d see her b o o k ?
D o y o u k n o w w h y Helen Keller w r o t e a b o u t h e r life?
D o y o u k n o w w h y did Heien Keller w r i t e about her life?
.
_Lwonder w h o is Anne?s n e w friend.
. |
wonder who Anne's new friend is.
»
Tell m e w h e n did you g e t this.
. Tell m e w h e n y o u g o t this.
»
C o u l d you tell m e w h e r e t h e children?s books are?
- C o u l d you tell me w h e r e are t h e children?s books?
13 Circte t h e w o r d t h a t c o r r e c t l y c o m p l e t e s each e m b e d d e d q u e s t i o n .
1. | wonder whether / w h o |ohn Steinbeck wrote this.

2. 1d like to k n o w i f / t h a t a n y o n e r e c o m m e n d s reading this b o o k .
3. D o you k n o w w h o / w h e n y o u b o u g h t it?
4 Tell me what / whether this book is about.
5. I
don't know w h a t / if the book is available online or not.
4 C h a n g e e a c h s e n t e n c e t o an e m b e d d e d q u e s t i o n . B e g i n each q u e s t i o n i n a d i f f e r e n tw a y .
1 Who took my novel? I ' d like te know who took my novel. OR Tell me who took my novel.
OR I wonder who took my novel.
. Is this a best-seller?
- W h y didn?t you finish reading this?
.
When did she write her memoir?
. W h o is this present for?
- D o y o u like t o read n o n - f i c t i o n ?
. Are w e ready t o g o to the library?
a] W H A T ABOUT YOU? Complete the sentences w i t h embedded questions in your ownw a y .

1 don?t know
I
2. |
wonder
3. I'd like to know

4
16 C o m p l e t e t h e p a r a g r a p h s w i t h t h e p h r a s e s i n t h eb o x .
curled u p w i t h d i d puzzles l i s t e n e d to an a u d i o b o o k
read a l o u d read t h e t r a v e l s e c t i o n o n t i n e skimmed through
Yesterday, Claudia M a r t i n s and her m o m started the day by looking at t h e paper. They didn?t have
plans for the weekend, so they quickly 7

the e n t e r t a i n m e n t section of the
newspaper to see what events were going on around town. Then they 2
because their family is planning a vacation and they're not sure where to go. So they looked at several
articles a b o u t places t h a t they t h o u g h t were interesting.
Later t h a t day, Claudia w e n t w i t h h e r m o m f o r a car ride. Since it w a s a long trip a n d they
didn?t want te get bored, they Y ? _ _ _ _ _ ? - in the car. When they 9 got home, the; Y
together. Her m o m h e l p e d her f i g u r e o u t t h e items she couldn?t answer.

4
At the e n d o f t h e day, Claudia g o t ready for b e d , a n d h e r m o t h e r to her.
5.
A f t e r Claudia fell asleep, h e r m o t h e r a mystery novel.

6.
7 L o o k a t t h e p i c t u r e s a n d l a b e l t h e m w i t h t h e p h r a s e s f r o m t h e b o x i n Exercise 16. T h e n n u m b e r
t h e activities in t h e o r d e r they occurred in t h e paragraph.
UNIT 4
18 WHAT ABOUT YOU? Answer the questions w i t h your o w n information.
1. W h a t t i m e of day d o you usually read?
2. D o y o u m o s t l y read f o r pleasure o r f o r school / w o r k ?
. W h e r e d o you like to read?
4. D o y o u like t o hear o t h e r noise (music, television, etc.) w h e n you read? W h y o r w h y not?
. Have you ever read an e - b o o k ? H o w d o e s it c o m p a r e w i t h a t r a d i t i o n a l b o o k ?
. W h a t d o you read online?.
19 Read t h e a r t i c l e Reading H a b i t s i n Transition o n p a g e 4 6 i n t h e Student?s B o o ka g a i n .

e k . Then answer the questions.
EXTHA READING
COMPREHENSION W h a t are three reasons p e o p l e m i g h t prefer reading on the I n t e r n e t instead o f a t r a d i t i o n a l b o o k ?
. W h a t are s o m e examples o f t h i n g s p e o p l e read (offline a n d o n l i n e ) every day?
. H o w has t h e Internet c h a n g e d h o w m u c h w e r e m e m b e r ?
.
W h a t d o s o m e p e o p l e say a b o u t t h e n u m b e r of errors in online i n f o r m a t i o n sources?
. W h a t are s o m e examples o f h o w t h e I n t e r n e t is m a k i n g it more d i f f i c u l t f o r us to c o n c e n t r a t e ?
. W h y d o s o m e p e o p l e t h i n k that t h e I n t e r n e t has made us smarter?

20 Read the article. Check true or false. Correct the false statements.
L e t t e r s to the E d i t o r
Stop Book Banning Now!

F r o m A l i c i a V o h n , a g e 16
You m i g h t t h i n k t h a t b o o k b a n n i n g M o s t b a n n e d books contain v i o l e n t , v _

is a thing of the past. However, it religious, sexual, political, or
iscertainly n o t the case. If you are ? r a c i a l c o n t e n t o r c o n t a i n offensive
looking for a c o p y of O r d i n a r y People © language. Some p e o p l e t h i n k t h a t
or The Catcher in the Rye in my schoo! banning such books will discourage NY
library, don't bother. Those books children and young adults from
have been removed from the shelves. developing bad attitudes, speech, |
In fact, according to the American

Library Association (ALA), over
10,000 books have been b a n n e d l
and behavior. But, personally, }don?t
think young people find words or
details in books that they have not
;
eS
f r o m schools a n d p u b l i c libraries yet seen o r heard in real life!
a r o u n d the c o u n t r y since they started
keeping track of book banning in W h o bans a book? |
Book banning is wrong and should
1990. Many types of books: classics, A ?challenge? isa formal written stop! It?s wrong to limit young
fiction, non-fiction, award-winning complaint requesting that abook ??_peaple?s access to books. Book
books, and even children?s picture be removed from a curriculum of a banning Jimits our freedom to make
books have been objected to by libeary. A book can be challenged by choices! It stops us from examining
angry parents or banned completely, any person or group of people who different ideas and beliefs and
b y either r e m o v i n g them f r o m t h e t h i n k its c o n t e n t is i n a p p r o p r i a t e . "
f e a r n i n g to f o r m o u r o w n o p i n i o n s .
schools or p r e v e n t i n g their purchase. . O n c e t h a t h a p p e n s , a g r o u po f |
Schools s h o u l d teach us t o be
experts reviews the book to see i f i t | tolerant of others? ideas and respect
Why d o books get banned? might be harmful to young people. ' our differences. How can tolerance
The reason people give for removing __ If they decide that it is, the book is be taught in a classroom that bans
books from school bookshelves isto? removed. However, schools can ban | books with ?unacceptable? ideas?
protect people, especially c h i l d r e n . b o o k s w i t h o u t such a review. T h e y
a n g y o u n g adults like me, f r o m j u s t c h o o s e n o t to b u y t h e books |
content that might be dangerous. at all!
According to t h e article, . . . true false
1. over 10,000 books have b e e n b a n n e d in 1990.
2. if a b o o k is b a n n e d , it is n o t a l l o w e d in a school o r library.
3. p e o p l e object t o some books because t h e i r c o n t e n t m i g h t

be h a r m f u l to y o u n g p e o p l e .
4. y o u n g p e o p l e learn offensive l a n g u a g e o n l y f r o m books.
5. anyone can challenge a book.
6. t h e American Library Association reviews challenges against books.
7. a s c h o o l m u s t w a i t f o r t h e experts? r e v i e w before it bans a book.
8. a school can b a n a b o o k by n o t b u y i n g it.
9. young people should be free to choose what books they

can or can't read.
10. b a n n i n g i n a p p r o p r i a t e books w i l l teach children tolerance
a n d respect.
40 UNIT 4
21° Read a b o u t t w o b o o k s t h a t have b e e n b a n n e d f r o m s o m e s c h o o l s a n d l i b r a r i e s . C h e c k a g r e e i f y o u
a g r e e w i t h t h e b a n a n d d i s a g r e e if y o u don?t a g r e e w i t h t h e b a n . T h e n e x p t a i n y o u r o p i n i o n .
1. Scary Stories to Tell i n the Dark by Alvin Schwartz is a collection of short stories f o r children ages nine
t h r o u g h t w e l v e . The stories are filled w i t h horror and scary images t h a t are meant t o make t h e reader
j u m p w i t h fear. The collection includes traditional horror tales, c o n t e m p o r a r y folklore, and scary
stories w i t h surprise endings. Beautifully illustrated w i t h Stephen Gammell?s spine-chilling pictures,
this series is often considered a p a g e - t u r n e r t h a t you w o n ' t be able to put d o w n . But this series has
been listed as one of the most challenged. M a n y people don?t a p p r o v e of its violence, and parents
w o r r y that t h e stories a n d f r i g h t e n i n g illustrations will terrify their children and cause nightmares.
agree disagree O
2. B r i d g e to Terabithia by Katherine Paterson is a story of t w o fifth-graders, a boy named Jess and a girt
named Leslie. Jess is shy, a n d he often gets a n g r y or sad. Leslie is a talented and o u t g o i n g girl w h o
makes friends easily. Once they b e c o m e friends, t h e t w o are inseparable. Jess shows Leslie his love of
art, and Leslie shares w i t h Jess h e r love of fantasy stories. They create an i m a g i n a r y k i n g d o m , called
Terabithia, in t h e w o o d s w h e r e they s p e n d every day after school. Terabithia is filled w i t h i m a g i n a r y
Creatures, and w h i l e there, Jess a n d Leslie pretend to f i g h t fears they face in real tife. A l t h o u g h m a n y
critics consider this b o o k one of the best novels f o r y o u n g readers, it has often been banned because
of the disrespect t h e children show to adults, their i m p o l i t e behavior, s o m e offensive language, the
contusion of c o m b i n i n g fantasy w i t h reality, a n d the death of a child,
agree =
disagree 0
S e a s , e e
A Complete the sentences i n your own way. Use clauses w i t h that.

1. It?s nice that y o u r children play well together
- M a n y c h i l d r e n are afraid
. Some p e o p l e are w o r r i e d
. Most p e o p l e agree
. Until recently, 1
had never n o t i c e d
. We were surprised
. Ym d i s a p p o i n t e d
B Read each sentence w i t h an embedded question. Circle the letter of the underlined w o r d , phrase,
o r punctuation that contains an error. Each sentence contains only one error.
1. Do you know w h o s h ec iis

.
C o u l d y o u i e l l m e w h e n d a s s t h e busa r r i v e s ?
. I c a n ' t decidew h e t h e r I
shouldg e t o the movies o r stay h o m e ?2
. D o e s anyone kgpve who is the,author ?
. Can you rememberd o t h e y s e l newspapers at that s t o r e

?
a. b. ©

€ = Check t h e correct sentence in each pair a n d correct the error(s) in the incorrect sentence.
1 Olet?s ask how much does it cost?

s h e asked how much it costs.
. OE)
We're wondering if the baby is a boy orag i r l .
Owe're wondering whether
i it g o i n g to rain.
Can you tell m e w h a t is the time?

CO) Coutd you explain what the problem is?
O l ' m not sure when did they arrive.

O11 want to know when their plane left.
D C a n y o u teil m e the b o o k is a page-turner?
O C a n y o u tell m e if t h e book is based o n a t r u e story?
DO R e w r i t e t h e s e n t e n c e s . Use a n i n f i n i t i v e .
1. {don't know what | can do for you.

1 don?t know w h a t to dofor y o u .
. She can?t decide w h a t she should have f o r dinner.
. They're n o t sure w h e t h e r they s h o u l d stay o r leave.
|
wonder when I
c o u l d call her.
Let m e k n o w if |
s h o u l d invite Janet.
M a r k can?t decide w h e r e he should buy a n e w car.
E Use t h e p r o m p t s i n p a r e n t h e s e s t o w r i t e s e n t e n c e s w i t h n o u n clauses.
1. (1completed my article in one day.) T h a t1 comple: article i is amazing.
2. Let?s a s k ( H o w m u c h d o e s it cost?)
3. ( W h a t did she w r i t e in her book?) ? _ _ _ shackled m a n y

people.
4. (This b o o k is a page-turner.) ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ doesn?t surprise m e .
5. Idon?tknow ? ? Should |
read a thriller o r a
r a m a n c e novel?)
6. ( H o w did this b o o k b e c o m e a best-seller?)

is a p r e t t y interesting story.
7. Doyouknow C C ? ( W h o w r o t e My Sister?s Keeper?)
UNIT 4
WRITING BOOST!
A Read e a c h s e n t e n c e . C h e c k t r u e o r false.
true false
1. A s u m m a r y of a l o n g reading provides a l o t of details a b o u t t h e topic. QO
2. W h e n y o u w r i t e a g o o d s u m m a r y , focus on the m a i n ideas. QO
The main ideas of a reading d o n o t give e n o u g h i n f o r m a t i o n to teil t h e story. Oo
Fora short reading, step n u m b e r o n e of w r i t i n g a s u m m a r y is to identify the details. oO
5. You should use y o u r o w n w o r d s in the summary. Oo
6. It helps to a n s w e r basic i n f o r m a t i o n questions a b o u t the reading before

w r i t i n g the summary. oO
B Read t h e a r t i c l e a n d a n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
In her 60s, Anna Mary Robertson Mases enjoyed sewing. But

as she grew older, it became painful for her. So al age 76, Anna
began to paint instead. Many of her early paintings were given as
gifts to family members and friends, She also tried to sell a few of
her paintungs to make a litte money. She charged $2 f o ra small
painting and $3 for a larger one.
§n 1938, an art collector saw her paintings and bought all that
she had. He was so impressed that he convizn «dan art dealer
to show her paintings in his gallery in New York City. This made
many art collectors and muscurns all over the world interested in
her work. She became one of the best-known American artists in
the world, with art shows in America, Europe, and Japan.
She became known as ?Grandma Moses? and continued to
paint until she died at the age of 101. In 26 years she produced
?over 3,600 paintings. Her paintings show scenes trom daily life in
rural upstate New York, where she lived most of her life. Some of
her paintings were used on greeting cards and on U.S. postage
stamps. In 2006, a 1943 Grandma Moses painting sold for
$1.3 million,
1. What is the article about?
2. W h e n did G r a n d m a Moses b e g i n p a i n t i n g ?
H o w did she b e c o m e a f a m o u s painter?
4. W h a t d i d she paint?
5. H o w m a n y paintings d i d she create?
C Ona s e p a r a t e s h e e t o f p a p e r , w r i t e a s u m m a r y o f t h e a r t i c l e , Use y o u r a n s w e r s
t o t h e q u e s t i o n s i n Exercise B.
Reading for Pleasure a8

mT e p e e ae
2) Natural Disasters
D i f f e r e n t cultures around
the w o r l d have tried
. . to explain what causes
1 L o o k a t t h e n e w s source. T h e n c h e c k t r u e , false, o r io earthquakes. Here is o n e
ancient legend f r o m India:
*Theearthi s held up by
Huge natural disaster: Earthquake four elephants that stand
In indian Ocean causes tsunaml ona turtic?s back. The
t u r e stands on top of a
i snake. When any of these
animals move, the earth
fi moves and shakes.
? .
ARter y e s t e r d a y ' s d i s a s t e r , t h e s e a r c h for s u r v i v o r s

c o n t i n u e s . R e p o r t s s a y t h e n u m b e r o f c a s u a l t i e s is
increasing. T h e r e is a r e c o r d a m o u n t of p r o p e r t y
d a m a g e . O u r w e b s i t e is y o u r o n l i n e c e n t e r for
d i s a s t e r n e w s and i n f o r m a t i o n about relief efforts.
true false nv information
1. The n e w s source f o r this i n f o r m a t i o n is the Internet. Oo Oo Oo
2. The tsunami caused the earthquake. a oO oO
3. T h r e e countries w e r e affected by this disaster. { oO
4. This the worst tsunami ever.

is Oo Oo Oo
5. The number of dead or injured is increasing. Oo oOo Oo
6. There was no property damage. ma

O Oo
2 C o m p l e t e t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n . Use t h e w o r d s f r o m t h e b o x .
blizzard breaking news casualties enormous property damage
George: Look at this ? ? _ _ f r o m the north. There was a major z

there last night. A l m o s t five feet of s n o w fell. .
C h r i s t i e : That?s an > a m o u n t of s n o w . That m u c h s n o w can b e dangerous.
George: There w a s some _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because of fallen trees. T h e r e were also some a c c i d e n t s

4.
because of slippery roads. Luckily, there were no .,
just minor injuries.
LESSON
3 L o o k a t t h e i l l u s t r a t i o n . W h a t d i d each p e r s o n say? W r i t e s e n t e n c e s i n i n d i r e c t s p e e c h . M a k e
c h a n g e s in p r o n o u n s if necessary.
Buy a Don?t s p e n d it
W h a t should fast cart all at o n e t i m e !
( d o with the
money? Dave dulie Give s o m e
SS
Get a n e we
Save it for
house! your kids! }
Don?t buy a
lot of expensive
things.
Michael Scott
]
»
Dave s a i d _ t o b v y e f a s t e e r
. Michael said
- julie told him
}.
Scott said
. Lisa said
»
Justin told him
T i m told him
4 R e w r i t e each s t a t e m e n t i n i n d i r e c t s p e e c h . M a k e c h a n g e s i n p r o n o u n s i f necessary.
1. M y m o m told me, ?Heather, g o help your c o u s i n s . ?
M y mom t o l d m e to go help m y cousins.
2. Tina said, ?Don?t make a mess i n t h e kitchen!?
3. S a r a h t o l d K a t i e , ?Eat aily o u r v e g e t a b i e s . ?
4. Rebecca said, ?Don?t t o u c h m y stuffl?
5. Dad t o l d the kids, ?Put a w a y y o u r things.?
Natural Disasters 45
5 L o o k a t t h e p i c t u r e s . W h a t Is each p e r s o n saying? W r i t e a n i m p e r a t i v e i n t h e speech b u b b l e .
Then r e w r i t e t h e i m p e r a t i v e in i n d i r e c t speech.
1. She told t h e cat 2. The dentist told t h e p a t i e n t
3. She said 4. Her dad said
6 W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? C o m p l e t e each s e n t e n c e i n y o u r o w n way. Use I n d i r e c t i m p e r a t i v e s .
1. W h e n I w a s younger, p e o p l e t o l d m e
2. Our teacher often tells us
3. Today s o m e o n e said
RsuZ
7 C o m p l e t e each s e n t e n c e w i t h t h e c o r r e c t w o r d f r o m t h e b o x .
drought flood hurricane landslide tornado
1. W h e n there is a , a l o t of w a t e r covers an area w h e r e there
usually isn?t water.

2 A refers to a long t i m e w i t h o u t rain.
3. W h e n t h e r e i s a a l t of rocks a n d earth fall d o w n a hill.
4 A is a s t o r m w i t h a lot of w i n d that moves o v e r water.
S.A is a s t o r m in w h i c h the air m o v e s v e r y q u i c k l y in a circle.
46 UNITS
8 C o m p l e t e t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n . C i r c l e t h e c o r r e c t w o r d o r p h r a s e in eachp a i r .
Jonathan: |
j u s t talked to Gary Feldman on t h e p h o n e .
Barbara: Oh, w h a t d i d he t e l l / say?
J o n a t h a n : He s a i d / t o l d m e don?t g o / n o t t o g o t o w o r k today. H e t o l d / s a l d t h a t he
has t r i e d / h a d t r i e d to go, b u t he can?t / c o u l d n ' t .
Barbara: Why? W h a t h a p p e n e d ?
J o n a t h a n : He said / t o l d that t h e s t o r m is / w a s really a w f u l , The roads are covered in ice.
Barbara; Reaily?| l i s t e n e d to the w e a t h e r r e p o r t last n i g h t , a n d t h e y t o l d/ s a i d it

isn?t / wasn?t g o i n g to b e t o o bad.
9 C h a n g e each person's w o r d s t o i n d i r e c t speech, c h a n g i n g t h e verb tense in t h e i n d i r e c t speech

s t a t e m e n t . Use t h e v e r b s i n p a r e n t h e s e s . M a k e c h a n g e s i n p r o n o u n s if necessary.
1. Nick to Joshua (said): ?There is a f l o o d in the valley.?

N i c k said ( t h a t ) t h e r e was a f l o o d in t h e valley.
2. Brenda to Aaron (told): ?Bad w e a t h e r w a s c o m i n g o u r way.?
3. Ryan t o D e b b i e ( t o l d ) : ?There?s a p r o b l e m w i t h t h e c a r . ?
4. Valerie to Daniel (said): ?They called m e late.?
5. Kathy t o Colleen (told): ?I?m ready t o g o any time.?
6. Paul to D o u g (said): ?Everyone g o t sick.?
10 C h a n g e e a c h s e n t e n c e f r o m i n d i r e c t s p e e c h t o d i r e c t speech. M a k e n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e s t o t h e
tense a n d p r o n o u n s .
1. Ms. Jones told us that the storm was going to be strong.

Ms. Jones: .?The storm is going t o be strong.?
2. Alexa said t h a t the blizzard w a s c o m i n g i n o u r d i r e c t i o n .
Alexa:
3. Mr. Kirk said t h a t the w e a t h e r i n the islands h a d b e e n terrible.
Mr. Kirk:
4. The radio announcer said that a flood covered the roads.
The radio a n n o u n c e r :
5. H o w a r d D e n t o n t o l d m e t h a t t h e hurricane had d a m a g e d a !ot of houses.
Howard Denton:
11 R e w r i t e each c o n v e r s a t i o n . Use i n d i r e c t speech t o tell w h a t e a c h person said. Use t h e c o r r e c t f o r m o f
say o r tell. C h a n g e p r o n o u n s a n d v e r b tenses i f necessary.
1. L i n d a : Terri a n d |
are g o i n g to t h e mall later.
Stacy: |
w a n t to g o w i t h y o u l
Linda told Stacy t h a t she a n d T e r r i w e r e going t o t h e m a l l l a t e r .
S t a c y said t h a t she w a n t e d tog o with them.
2. Chris: |
just g o t back f r o m M a c h u Picchu in Peru.
T h e r e s a : Show m e the pictures!
3. L i t t l e g i r l : Tell m e the s t o r y a b o u t t h e princess.

Father: You've already heard t h a t story a t h o u s a n d times!
4. Joey: |
g o t t h e fruits a n d vegetables at a farmer?s market.
Brooke: They're v e r y fresh a n d delicious.
12 Read the article Earthquakes on page 56 in the Student?s Book again. Check the statements that
B E S S Q A e true. Correct the false statements.
o a s e s 1 1. The m o s t c a t a s t r o p h i c earthquake recorded w a s in Sumatra.
CO
2. Severe earthquakes cause casualties, d a m a g e t o p r o p e r t y , and serious e c o n o m i c consequences.
O 3. The t s u n a m i in 2 0 0 4 w a s caused b y an earthquake.

0 4. Earthquakes w i t h a m a g n i t u d e of over 6 on the Richter Scate are g e n e r a l l y m o d e r a t e .
5. Location can d e t e r m i n e t h e severity of an earthquake j u s t as m u c h as m a g n i t u d e .
O 6. Older-style b u i l d i n g s are safer t h a n m o d e r n buitdings.
0 7. Earthquakes that h a p p e n w h e n p e o p l e are o u t d o o r s usually have a higher death toll.
13 Rate the f o l l o w i n g adjectives f r o m 1 to 5, 1 being the worst.
severe .
ad Did y o u k n o w ?
? Mi
dead
» F o u r o u t of f i v e o f the world?s e a r t h q u a k e s take place a l o n g t h e
??? deadly r i m o f the Pacific Ocean, a zone called the Pacific Ring o f Fire.
? ? catastrophic © Most earthquakes last a minute or less.

? ? ? moderate * € a c h y e a r , t h e r e are a b o u t 2 m i l t i o n e a r t h q u a k e s a r o u n d t h e
w o r l d . O n l y a b o u t 100 o f t h e s e c a u s e s e r i o u s d a m a g e .
4g UNITS.
14 Read an a r t i c l e a b o u t s t o r m c h a s i n g . T h e n c h e c k t r u e , false, o r n o i n f o r m a t i o n f o r e a c hq u e s t i o n .
e n i e e LG
Tornadoes. Hurricanes. E n o r m o u s storms. Just
feading these words makes people imagine
c a t a s t r o p h i c e v e n t s t h a t c a n c a u s e c o u n t l e s s injuries
a n d severe d a m a g e s . N o o n e l o o k s f o r w a r d t o
w e a t h e r r e p o r t s or b r e a k i n g n e w s that a n n o u n c e :
t h e s e n a t u r a l disasters. No o n e , e x c e p t a s m a l l g r o u p
of a b o u t 1 0 0 p e o p t e k n o w n a s ?storm chasers.?
W h o a r e t h e s e p e o p l e , a n d w h a t do t h e y d o ?
A s t o r m c h a s e r is a p e r s o n w h e t r i e s to g e t a s c l o s e
to a s e v e r e s t o r m as p o s s i b l e . A f e w s t o r m c h a s e r s
are s c i e n t i s t s w h o w a n t to l e a r n m o r e a b o u t s t o r m s
a n d h o w t h e y develop. T h e y w a n t to be able to tearn
m o r e s o that s o m e d a y t h e y c a n better p r e d i c t w h e n S t o r m c h a s e r s s t u d y w e a t h e r data a n d look c l o s e l y
a n d w h e r e s t o r m s wiil occur. W i t h m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n , at t h e s k y to g u e s s t h e t i m i n g a n d location of s t o r m s
t h e y c o u l d help p e o p i e a v o i d t h e c a t a s t r o p h i c a s they form. T h e y h o p e to b e t h e r e w h e n a t o r n a d o
d e s t r u c t i o n a n d high c a s u a l t i e s t h a t often h a p p e n f o r m s a n d to follow it as it t o u c h e s g r o u n d . If they are
w h e n h u g e s t o r m s hit. O t h e r s are p r o f e s s i o n a l lucky, they will c a t c h a t o r n a d o at least o n c e in e v e r y
photographers, movie makers, or T V reporters. f i v e to ten trips.
S o m e are t o u r g u i d e s w h o take p e o p l e c l o s e to t h e In 1996, the thriller Twister introduced storm
c e n t e r o f a s t o r m as p a r t o f an a d v e n t u r e v a c a t i o n .
chasing to moviegoers. Since then. a lot of people
M o s t are j u s t p e o p l e w h o are f a s c i n a t e d b y n a t u r e have been fascinated by the topic. There have been
a n d c h a s e s t o r m s a s a hobby. T V shows, documentaries, and hundreds of books
S t o r m c h a s e r s travei t h o u s a n d s o f m i t e s written about this exciting ?sport.?
a w e e k in cars l o a d e d with laptops. c a m e r a s , But storm chasing is n o t for everyone. i t i s a
videos, e m e r g e n c y s u p p l i e s , a n d a lot o f s c i e n t i f i c
d a n g e r o u s hobby. R o a d s are often wet a n d dangerous.
e q u i p m e n t . T h e m o s t f a m o u s s t o r m c h a s e s o c c u r in to drive: severe f l o o d s c a n w a s h away cars; h a i l s t o r m s
t h e s p r i n g t i m e in a n a r e a c a l l e d T o r n a d o Alley. It is
c a n cause injuries a n d d a m a g e to cars; a n d lightning
in t h e G r e a t P l a i n s s t a t e s of t h e United S t a t e s ? s u c h
s t o r m s can c a u s e Casualties. S o w h y d o storm chasers.
as Nebraska, Oklahoma, lowa, a n d T e x a s ? w h e r e
d o it? T h e y s a y that it is a m a z i n g l y fun, exciting, a n d
s e v e r e s t o r m s a n d t o r n a d o e s f r e q u e n t l y happen.
always enormously beautiful.
true false no information

1, Storm chasers l o o k f o r o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o study a n d
p h o t o g r a p h h u g e storms. O Oo
0
.
There are a lot of w o m e n s t or m chasers. O 0 oO
-
There are o v e r 1,000 p e o p l e w h o are s t o r m chasers. Oo
Q 0
Storm chasers l o o k f o r w a r d to t o r n a d o e s . Oo D
.
Storm chasers k n o w exactly w h e n a t o r n a d o will h i t a t o w n , QO Oo
O
T h e r e are TV shows a b o u t storm chasing. oO Qo
O
Twister is t h e best m o v i e a b o u t s t o r m chasing. o Oo
Storm chasing is easy. oO

oO Q
Natural Disasters
15 Read t h e a r t i c l e a g a i n . A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1. W h y d o p e o p l e become s t or m chasers?
2. H o w d o s t or m chasers p r e d i c t w h e n a s t o r m w i l l hit?
3. |.
W h a t is T o r n a d o Alley?
4, W h e n d o s t o r m s usually occur?
5. . W h y is s t or m chasing dangerous?
16 L o o k a t t h e p i c t u r e . W r i t e a b o u t t h e disaster. W h a t d o y o u t h i n k h a p p e n e d ? D e s c r i b e w h a t ' s
h a p p e n i n g now.
WE S T E B S
w o h e r e e e e r e r el p e e p b ee
7 Put a check n e x t t o t h e w o r d s t h a t are e x a m p l e s o f e m e r g e n c y p r e p a r a t i o n s a n d supplies.
tornado OC flood shelter

O first-aid kit O power outage OQ
bottled water
O evacuation O flashlight DO
earthquake
U non-perishable food Ci battery-operated radio 0 other:
so UNITS
18 Read t h e s t a t e m e n t s f r o m a n e m e r g e n c y r a d i o b r o a d c a s t . W r i t e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e w o r d t h a t is
d e s c r i b e d i n each s e n t e n c e . You w i l l n o t use ail o f t h e w o r d s ,
b h . 1. ?All residents m u s t leave their h o m e s immediately.? a. shelter
? ? 2. ?The s i t u a t i o n is dangerous, and residents m u s t respond b, matches

immediately.? £. non-perishable food
? 3. ?The city has b e e n w i t h o u t electricity f o r f o u r hours now.? ?d.._

first-aid kit
? ? ? 4,
?Beds have b e e n set u p at local schools until p e o p l e can ©. power outage
r e t u r n to t h e i r homes.? f. batteries
? ? 5. ?Buy items that w i l l l a sat l o n g time, such as canned g. emergency

beans a n d t u n a fish, in case of emergency.? h. evacuation
? ? 6. ?If t h e lights g o o u t , y o u ' l l n e e d a b a t t e r y - p o w e r e d i, flashlight

source of l i g h t . }. bottled water
? ? 7. ?Prepare a small set of m e d i c a t i o n s a n d supplies
to treat injuries.?
19 Read t h e f o l l o w i n g b r o c h u r e . T h e n c h e c k t h e s t a t e m e n t s t h a t t h e b r o c h u r e r e c o m m e n d s .
? ? ?
The best way to deal with an + Teach responsible family members
Afamily emergency is to prepare for it ?how and when to shut off water,
Emergency. Plap. before it happens. Youcando this

by making a family emergency plan
as. and electricity
house.
sources in the
Here are somet ips on haw to- + Learn basic first aid.
The t h i n g a b o u t prepare one:
» Decide what you will take and
emergencies and disasters «Put a
list of emergency phone where you will go if you have to
is t h a t there usually isn't a
numbers. including the police. fire, evacuate.
l o t o f t i m e t o prepare f o r
and emergency medical Decide what to do if your family
them, A n e m e r g e n c y can +
departments, near every phone. separated. Choose
s t r i k e any place at any ts
a place to
t i m e . Is your f a m i l y Review with children how to call
meet in case youcan't return to
prepared? these numbers,
your home. Pick a friend or family
Member who lives out of the area
* Make an emergency supples kit.
This should include non-perishable to stay in Contact with,
food. bottled water, flashlights, +
Regularlyreviewand peactice
matches, batteries. blankets, your plans,
a
battery-operated radio. a first-aid
: kit.ete
W a v e a plan in case there is an e m e r g e n c y o r disaster,
O Write d o w n emergency telephone numbers.

Gather t o g e t h e r some things y o u m i g h t need i n an e m e r g e n c y .
0 S h o w y o u n g children h o w t o t u r n on a n d o f f t h e water, gas, and electricity.

0 Know how to use the items in a first-aid kit.
DO
Decide when to evacuate.
C1 Find a place f o r everyone i n y o u r f a m i l y to g o if you aren?t t o g e t h e r .
O Practice y o u r plans o n e time.
C o m p l e t e t h e i n d i r e c t speech statements w i t h i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m t h e b r o c h u r e .
1. The b r o c h u r e says__to prepare C C C s f o r an e m e r g e n c y before it happens.
2. The b r o c h u r e tells p e o p l e = a f a m i l y e m e r g e n c y pian.
3. The b r o c h u r e says CCC i t t h c h i l d r e n h o w t o call e m e r g e n c y

phone numbers.
4. The b r o c h u r e says _ _ _ _ _ _ _ w h e r e y o u ' l l g o if y o u have to evacuate.
5. The b r u c h u r e tells y o u _ _ a place to m e e t if y o u can?t g o h o m e .
21 W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? A r e y o u p r e p a r e d f o r an e m e r g e n c y ? W h i c h of t h e f o l l o w i n g s u p p l i e s d o y o u
have in y o u r home?
U bottled water U0 non-perishable food D battery-operated radio

O candles matches
O flashlights O first-aid kit
O extra batteries C fire extinguisher
GRAMMAR BOOSTER
A Read e a c h s e n t e n c e . If t h e p u n c t u a t i o n is c o r r e c t , w r i t e C. If t h e p u n c t u a t i o n is i n c o r r e c t , w r i t e | a n d
correct the punctuation.
. Mom said, ?don't go in the water.? _1__
. The child said please read m e a story.
. bsaid n o t t o t o u c h a n y t h i n g . ? _
We told the d o g to stay. _ _
The travel g u i d e tells visitors t r y to take a t o u r of the island.
The w o m a n told her son don?t play w i t h y o u r f o o d . _ _ _
C h a n g e e a c h s t a t e m e n t f r o m i n d i r e c t s p e e c h t o d i r e c t s p e e c h . Use c o r r e c t p u n c t u a t i o n .
The teacher t o l d us to have a g o o d w e e k e n d .
The teacher t o l d us
. T a m m y t o l d h e r assistant to p u t the m a i l o n the desk.
T a m m y told her assistant
. The waiter said to t r y the s a l m o n .
The waiter said
. The a c t o r said n o t t o believe e v e r y t h i n g on television.
The actor said

. M o m said n o t to c o m e h o m e t o o late.
M o m said
UNITS
C W r i t e e a c h d i r e c t s p e e c h s t a t e m e n t i n i n d i r e c t s p e e c h . C h a n g e t h e t e n s e o n l y ifn e c e s s a r y .
1, M o m just t o l d m e , ?I n e e d t o g e t some e m e r g e n c y supplies before t h e storm.?
2. Sarah said, ?We b o u g h t a n e w car last year.?
3. O u r teacher told us yesterday, ?Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.?
4. His d o c t o r t o l d h i m , ?You n e e d t o exercise more.?
5. Last m o n t h m y parents t o l d me, ?We're g o i n g to Peru in D e c e m b e r . "
D L o o k a t t h e p i c t u r e s . C o m p l e t e t h e s p e e c h b u b b l e s . T h e n c o m p l e t e each s e n t e n c e In i n d i r e c t
s p e e c h . C h a n g e t h e v e r b i n i n d i r e c t s p e e c h o n l y i f necessary.
1.
Jodi just said t h a t she has a terrible Yesterday, the doctor said
headache
K i m m y told her m o t h e r _ _ » _ T h e coach said
WRITING BOOSTER
A Read t h e p a r a g r a p h b e l o w . A d d w o r d s a n d e x p r e s s i o n s t o s h o w t h e o r d e r o f i m p o r t a n c e of t h e
d e t a i l s in t h e p a r a g r a p h .
It is very i m p o r t a n t t o k n o w what to d o in the case of a fire. Fires can be deadly, so k n o w i n g w h a t to
d o ina fire can save y o u r?life. | { _ ? ? look a r o u n d a n d locate the nearest escape route,
usually the nearest door. ? ? ? ? x . ? ? if the d o o r is closed, check it for heat before y o u o p e n it.
If the d o o r is hot, d o n o t o p e n it. Escape t h r o u g h a w i n d o w instead. If the d o o r is n o t hot, o p e n it slowly
to check w h e t h e r smoke o r fire will block y o u r w a y out. ? ? ? _ ? ? close the d o o r b e h i n d

y o u w h e n you leave that room. This can help prevent the fire f r o m spreading t o other places and rooms.
z , d r o p d o w n a n d crawt t o w a r d s the exit. It is i m p o r t a n t n o t to r u n o r walk as smoke
a n d heat rise. ? ? ? ? ? ? = ? ? o n c e outside, call t h e e m e r g e n c y n u m b e r to alert firefighters to t h e

fire. Sit d o w n and try to stay calm until t h e firefighters arrive. Never g o back into the house.
Read t h e s t a t e m e n t s a b o u t w h a t t o d o i n an e a r t h q u a k e . O r g a n i z e t h e s t a t e m e n t s i n o r d e r
of importance.
? ? Check for injuries a n d d a m a g e . See if you can f i n d y o u r w a y o u t .
? ? Drop to t h e g r o u n d . if you?re s t a n d i n g up, y o u c o u l d fall a n d h u r t yourself.
___._ Look f o r a table o r a n o t h e r piece of f u r n i t u r e and take cover. This will help protect you f r o m
breaking glass o r things t h a t fall. D o not m o v e f r o m t h a t place until t h e shaking stops.
____. W h e n t h e shaking stops, m o v e s l o w l y a w a y f r o m w h e r e y o u are. Be careful n o t to t r i p over

fallen objects.
Use t h e s t a t e m e n t s i n Exercise B t o w r i t e a s h o r t p a r a g r a p h a b o u t w h a t t o d o i n an e a r t h q u a k e . Use

w o r d s a n d expression o f i m p o r t a n c e . B e g i n w i t h a t o p i c sentence. A d d m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n i f necessary.
S4 UNITS
6 Life Plans c a
1 C o m p l e t e t h e w o r d w e b s . W r i t e t h e p r o f e s s i o n s o n t h e lines.
builder -businessowner furniture maker dentist designer
doctor f a m i t ytherapist manager marriage counselor painter
scientist song w r i t e r tailor teacher
family therapist
( ~ - = e e a
L
business o w n e r
2 WHAT ABOUT You?

a. O nas c a l e of 1 - 5 , h o w i m p o r t a n t a r e t h e f o l l o w i n g q u a l i t i e s f o r y o u i n a j o b ? A 5 i n d i c a t e s t h a t
t h e q u a l i t y is v e r y i m p o r t a n t t o y o u . A 1 i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e q u a l i t y is n o t i m p o r t a n t t o y o u at all.
? ? makeal o t of m o n e y ? ? w o r k outside
travel work with people
? ? w o r k in a big c o m p a n y ? ? be able t o w o r k a n y w h e r e (from h o m e , w h e n t r a v e l i n g , etc.)
havea flexible schedule ? ? havea l o t of t i m e to s p e n d w i t h my f a m i l y
? ? b e creative have a j o b t h a t p e o p l e t h i n k is i m p o r t a n t
b. L o o k a t o n e o f t h e q u a l i t i e s y o u g a v e a 5. W h y is t h i s q u a l i t y i m p o r t a n t t o y o u ?
3) W H A T A B O U T YOU? Answer the questions w i t h y o u r o w n information.
1. W h i c h field do y o u w o r k in / plan to w o r k in?
2, W h y d i d y o u c h o o s e this field?
4 Read e a c h s e n t e n c e . T h e n c i r c l e t h e f e t t e r o f t h e s e n t e n c e t h a t has a s i m i l a r m e a n i n g .
1. I made my decision.
a. I m a d e u p m y m i n d . b. It?s on my m i n d .
2. ( i l t h i n k a b o u t y o u r ideas.
a. I'll keep t h e m i n m i n d . b. I'll change m y m i n d .
3. W h a t can| d o for you?

a. Have y o u m a d e u p y o u r m i n d ? b. Wh a t 's on y o u r m i n d ?
4. l v e b e e n t h i n k i n g a b o u t s o m e t h i n ga l o t lately.
a. It?s b e e n o n my m i n d lately. b. I've c h a n g e d m y m i n d lately.
5. He was t h i n k i n g a b o u t traveling, b u t he?s g o i n g to w o r k instead.

a. He'll keep t r a v e l i n g in m i n d . b. He's c h a n g e d his m i n d a b o u t t r a v e l i n g .
§ Put the conversation in order. Write the n u m b e r on the line.
? ? No k i d d i n g ! I t h o u g h t y o u w a n t e d ? ? Really? Why?
to be a police officer. Well, I ' m a l a w y e r n o w .
i ?
? ? What are you doing these days? Well, my tastes changed.
? ? That?s right. | was g o i n g to, b u t t h e n
I changed my mind.
b Suite is what happens to you / W h i l e y o u ' r e busy making other

p l a n s ) 9
?John Lennon, British composer and musician; from the song "Beautiful Boy,?
which he wrote for his son Sean
6 Complete each sentence w i t h w a s g o i n g t o o r were g o i n g t o .

1, We _ _ _ (not) visit R o b e r t , b u t t h e n w e c h a n g e d o u r minds.
2. E v e r y o n e . sind o u t t h e t r u t h , sooner o r later.
3. T h e y _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (not) see that movie, b u t it was t h e o n l y o n e at 9:00.
4 she _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m o v e t o a n a p a r t m e n t i n t h e city?
$5. Who swatch t h e children this evening?
6. M r . N a n _ _ _ _ ? s make t h e a n n o u n c e m e n t at today?s m e e t i n g .
7. (not) Charlie a n d Kim g e t m a r r i e d last m o n t h ?
8. You _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ talk to y o u r boss a b o u t g e t t i n g a raise, weren?t y o u ?
9. I t h o u g h t ! _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ( n o t ) like the book, b u t I really e n j o y e d it.
10. People _ _ _ start c o m p l a i n i n g if s o m e t h i n g wasn?t d o n e soon.
58 UNIT 6
Use t h e cues t o m a k e s t a t e m e n t s w i t h w o u l d .
1. \n 2010 Sam thought / be / a lawyer, but he changed his mind.

In 2010 Sam thought he would be a lawyer, but he changed his mind.
. When |
w a s y o u n g , | believed / study Chinese, b u t |
never did.
. W e w e r e sure / Rick / b e c o m e / a doctor, b u t he didn?t.
. W e didn?t k n o w / w e / have so m a n y children, b u t n o w w e have six!
. Inever thought / ft
/ g e t this job, b u t [ did.
»
W h e n he was a child, Jim t h o u g h t/ be /a firefighter, b u t he b e c a m e a teacher instead.
Circle t h e l e t t e r o f t h e a n s w e r that correctly completes each sentence.
1. Did y o u t h i n k you feel this w a y a b o u t the news?

a. w o u l d b. were g o i n g c, weren?t g o i n g
2. t h o u g h t w e _ _ _ _ to eat d i n n e r inside since it?s g e t t i n g c o l d .
|
a. aren?t g o i n g b. w o u l d n ' t ¢. w e r e g o i n g
. N o o n e k n e w t h a t the p r o d u c t _ _ _ _ such a success.
a. w o u l d b. was g o i n g to b e c . wasn?t g o i n g to
4. Bob a n d G l e n n _ _ _ g o i n g to w a i t f o r us, w e r e they?
a. were b. w o u l d ¢. weren?t
5. T h e y always t h o u g h t t h e y _ _ _ _ m o v e s o m e p l a c e w a r m e r , b u t t h e y didn?t.
a. wouldn't b. w e r e n ' t g o i n g to c. w o u l d
W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? W h a t life c h a n g e s h a v e y o u m a d e ? C o m p l e t e each s e n t e n c e i n y o u r o w n w a y .
1 | was g o i n g t o , but
. Tnever t h o u g h t |
would , but
. A f e w years ago, | t h o u g h t | w o u l d because

.
Five years ago, | t h o u g h t |
would _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ at m y age.
10 M a t c h t h e sentences t h a t have s i m i l a r meanings. D r a w a line.

1. I
changed my mind. a. d o n ? t like the s a m e t h i n g s a n y m o r e .
.
M y tastes c h a n g e d . . |
c o n v i n c e d h e r n o t to d o it.
. |
talked her out of it. . |
d e c i d e d t o d o s o m e t h i n g else.
. it?s hard t o make a living. .
d i d n ? t meet t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s .
. I didn?t pass t h e e x a m . - lcan?t make a lot o f money.
Life Pians 57
e s
11 Read t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n . A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
|
Jessica: should have c o n t i n u e d p l a y i n g t h e guitar.
Joshua: Why do you say that? r 4 S { p o u t d v a t h e r r e g r e t the

Jessica: love music. it makes me so happy. | might have
I .
been famous! things t h a t |

have done t h a n
i
Joshua: Maybe. But y o u never k n o w . You m i g h t n o t have t h et h i n g s t h a t [ have n o t . 9 9
liked the lifestyle of a musician. ?Lucille Bail, American comedienne
Does Jessica still play the guitar? _ _ i ,
Does she r e g r e t h e r decision?

Is Jessica f a m o u s ?
Does Jessica have the lifestyle of a musician?
12 Complete Stacy?s thoughts. Circle the correct word.
f can?t believe w h a t |
d i d ! Everyone ( 1 . ) m a y / m u s t have l a u g h e d so
h a r d w h e n they heard a b o u t i t ? i ? m sure of it. | ( 2 . ) s h o u l d / m u s t
have taken Jason?s good advice. If |

had listened to him, |
(3.) w o u l d /
w o u l d n ' t have made sucha fool of myself! And |

(4.) shoutdn?t / must
have left immediately, either. |

{5.) m i g h t / m u s t have made the situation
better by staying there fora little while. !

(6.) must n o t / should not have
been thinking ciearly. But I

just had to leave. Everyone (7.) should / must
5 h a v e t a l k e d a b o u t i t afterward. I?m so embarrassed!

ta
13 Read t h e c o m p l e t e d p a r a g r a p h i n Exercise 12. T h e n c h e c k t h e b o x t h a t a n s w e r s e a c h q u e s t i o n .
1, Did Stacy take Jason?s advice? Dyes Ono Omaybe

2. Did Stacy make mistake? a Oyes One O probably
3. Did Stacy leave immediately? Dyes Dmaybe Cprobably
4, Did Stacy?s leaving make the situation worse? Dyes Ono Omaybe
5. Did everyone talk about it afterward? Oyes Ono O probably
58 UNITE
14 Read e a c h s e n t e n c e a n d q u e s t i o n . T h e n c h e c k t h e b o x t h a t a n s w e r s t h e q u e s t i o n .
1. " S o m e o n e m i g h t have heard us talking o n the phone.?

Did anyone hear them talking? Olyes Ono W maybe
2. ?Jen, you could have gone with Steve.?

Did Jen go with Steve? Dyes Ono O probably
3. ?We should have invited Rita to come to dinner with us.?
Did they invite Rita? Oyes Ono Omaybe
4. ?I must have left my keys at home.?

Did she leave her keys at home? Dyes Ono Oprobably
5. ?The kids shouldn?t have w a t c h e d that scary movie.?
D i d t h e kids w a t c h a scary movie? Oyes Ono O maybe
6. ?Peter m i g h t n o t have talked to Jill yet.?

Did Peter talk to jill yet? Dyes Ono Omaybe
15 C H A L L E N G E . C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s w i t h a p e r f e c t m o d a l a n d t h e v e r b i n p a r e n t h e s e s . In s o m e
cases, m o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r is p o s s i b l e .
1. | _ s h o u hl a vd e nl e? f t (leave) before | f i n i s h e d m y w o r k , b u t | did.
2. James _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (take) t h e job offer, b u t he didn?t.
3. Bethany _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (talk) to Dave. |

haven?t talked to h e r yet, b u t she'll tell us t o n i g h t .
4, K e l l y . (get) stuck in traffic. | can?t t h i n k of a n o t h e r reason f o r her to b e late.
5. You _ _ _ _ _ _ (sell) your c a r , b u t unfortunately, you did.
6. H a r r y s (get) h o m e already, b u t I
d o u b t it.
7. We _ _ _ (do) a n y t h i n g differently, could we?
y o
S 4 Nobody on his deathbed ever said. ?Ll
wish |
had spent more time at the office.? y 9
?Paul Tsongas, United States senator and former presidential candidate
16 Complete each sentence w i t h a word in the box.
experience knowledge a skill a talent qualifications
is an ability that y o u are born w i t h .
is an ability that you learn.
refers to t h e t i m e a person has s p e n t w o r k i n g at a job i n t h e past.
refers to t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g of a certain subject.
are all the things that make you g o o d f o r a job.

Ute Pians
17 Read e a c h person?s s t a t e m e n t . D e c i d e If t h e p e r s o n Is t a l k i n g a b o u t a t a l e n t , a skill, e x p e r i e n c e , o r
k n o w l e d g e . W r i t e y o u r a n s w e r s o n t h e lines.
t've been a teacher for Ihave a good ear for

five years. { also worked music. | can play any
as a teacher?s assistant song on the piano after
when | was in college. hearing it just once.
l l o v e to create n e w I'm very familiar w i t h

dishes, a n d e v e r y o n e says t h e h i s t o r y o f the French
I'm an e x c e l l e n t c a c k . Revolution. In fact, | w r o t e
a f e w articles a b o u t it.
18 Read t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n . C h e c k t h e skill, a b i l i t y , o r e x p e r i e n c e t h a t each p e r s o n has i n t h e

chart below.
Ms. Pitts: So, w e ' r e i o o k i n g at three candidates for this job: Simon Clark, Clayton Boyer, a n d
Christina Nelson. Let?s talk a b o u t t h e i r qualifications.
Ms. K i n g : ? Well, | was impressed w i t h Christina?s leadership skills. She has al o t of leadership
experience.
Mr. W a r t o n : That?s true, b u t she doesn?t have k n o w l e d g e o f sales.
Ms. Pitts: But she seems t o have c o m m o n sense. She m u s t be able t o learn quickly.
Mr. W a r t o n : Well, if w e ' r e l o o k i n g f o r k n o w l e d g e of sales, Simon Clark is t h e best c h o i c e . He?s b e e n a
sales representative f o r t w e l v e years.
Ms. K i n g : But w h a t a b o u t other skills? C l a y t o n speaks Spanish, French, a n d Portuguese.
Mr. W a r t o n : Yes, a n d he is very artistic, too.
Ms. K i n g : But t h e ability to think logically is more i m p o r t a n t t h a n artistic ability for this job. A n d
Simon can d e f i n i t e l y t h i n k logically.
Ms. P i t t s : Okay, let?s l o o k at S i m o n . . .
ATT) f a r a Tet
f a r lig te i y i r r e )
1, g o o d leadership skills
2. c o m m o n sense
3. e x p e r i e n c e i n sales
4, g o o d language skills L
5. artistic ability
6. logical t h i n k i n g ability
60 UNIT 6
: ; tant , Aarne
19 Read the circled job advertisement. President ADMINISTRATIVE Assistant To DinecToR Falheim
Check the qualities that are &k emcone small coy
important for the job. This is anexciting opportunity for atalented individual. .
P j vid eke | The successful candidate will work with high-lesel Make
Dartistic talent CAN] indisiduals imthe company. Responsibilities include Word. Pe
, meed. ||
Managing the director's calendar and commitments, managing| \ bone et
O)management skills ca special projects. serving as the director's representative to Cod me
Cigood communication skills Sasenagg, |]
otheroffices and indi wits, and upervising the Ver eeaun
administrative stafl. This position requires 5+ years in a
C l e x p e r i e n c e in a similar p o s i t i o n Senior level executive-administraise position. Experience
tant to and sirong kos ledge in a variety of computer software
Dlorganizational ability sancial appl sins t a o taquited, ?The sucvevsful candidate wil Martatin
be quich-thinking, Nexable, and have common sense. He/She| /Stull.
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must have| |
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c o m p u t e r skills i l l have strong organizational skills and attention to demal. | socks m0
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ext. 3232.1
Job 2O0098.8, peaple a

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common sense S e adminis
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manual dexterity
20 W H A T A B O U T YOU? A n s w e r the questions in your o w n way.
1. W h a t is one of y o u r talents?
2, W h a t is o n e of y o u r skills?
3. W h a t do y o u have experience w i t h ?
4. W h a t do y o u k n o w a l o t about?
e s a
21 Read t h e a r t i c l e The Five M o s t Effective W o r k H a b i t s o n p a g e 7 0 i n t h e S t u d e n t ' s B o o k a g a i n .

a . Circle the one i t e m t h a t does n o t c o m p l e t e t h e sentence correctly.
c l e s 1. The f i v e basic habits in t h e w o r k p l a c e _ _ _ . 5. When you stay positive, you _ _ .

a. are c o m m o n sense a. face challenges b e t t e r
b. help y o u succeed b, stay focused o n y o u r w o r k
c. shoutd be consistent ¢. succeed in office politics
2. V o l u n t e e r f o r an a s s i g n m e n t o n l y w h e n y o u _ _ . 6. I f y o u see a p r o b l e m , ? _ .
a. w a n t to learn a b o u t it a. don?t m e n t i o n it to m a n a g e m e n t
b. have t h e skills f o r it b. t h i n k about s o l u t i o n s
c. have t h e k n o w l e d g e for it ¢. present the p r o b l e m a n d
3. Always be nice to . solutions to your boss
a. everyone
b. o n l y y o u r m a n a g e r
¢. p e o p l e at levels above y o u a n d b e l o w you
4, M a k e a t o - d o list ?
a. to prioritize y o u r w o r k
b. of t h i n g s y o u w a n t to accomplish
¢. of u r g e n t tasks f o r y o u r c o m p a n y
L i f e Plans 61
22 ~~ ?Read the article and check all the statements that are true. Then correct the false statements.
Creating Your Life Plan ?A goal without a plan is just a wish.?

i f you have goals in your life, but no ~ A n t o i n e d eS a i n t - E x u p é r y
plan to complete them, yau will not be

successful. That's why in order to have ?|should have
success in school, business, and your been an architect.?
personal life, you need a life plan. A plan
will heip you turn your dreams into seality.
To create your life plan, ask yourself two
?You should have
questions: Where am / going? How will |
madea life plan.?
get there?
Where am | going?
To answer this question, follow these
steps:
Create a life map?not an ordinary
map, but a map of where you have
been in your life and where those experiences can take you. Write down the important events in your life over the
past few years. You decide what is important I t s different for everyone For example, did you get a new job last year
that you love? Did you pass an exam? Did you learn something interesting? Did you get married? To see your life in
the Future, you should first look into your past.
Next, look carefully at your fist. Do you have regrets? Have your tastes changed over time? Planning for the future
means making decisions that make you happy and match your interests and talents. Use your past experiences to set
your goals for the future. Your life map can help you avoid making the same mustakes or having segrets.
Finally, set your goals to achieve over the next weeks, months, and years.
How am I going to get there?

Once you've decided on your life destination, you can start fotlowing your plan Here are some tips to help you
© Break your large goals into smaller ones. Almost any goal, no matter how difficult, will be easier to achieve if you
break 1t down into several smaller goals.
* Focus on your goals and don't get distracted by unimportant things.

* Don't give up You won't be successful at everything night away, so you should always try again.
* Make friends. It?s difficult to succeed i f you're alone, so support from good Friends 1s very important.
Once you have created your life plan, go forward with it, but also go back to it. Tastes change. Circumstances change.
Don't be afraid to tailor your life to changes in your life.
DO?$? O O O ??_?_?_? E e
1. A life plan can h e l p you plan y o u r career choices.
2. A l i f e m a p is a list of y o u r daily goals.

3. D o n ' t useal i f e m a p if you don?t have regrets.
4. It?s helpful t o analyze y o u r past experiences w h e n you plan f o r the future.
5. One of t h e first steps in life p l a n n i n g is to d e t e r m i n e w h a t makes y o u h a p p y .

6. It?s b e t t e r to have a f e w big goals t h a n m a n y small goals.
7, M a k i n gal i f e plan helps you listen to others.

8. Once y o u makea l i f e plan, y o u s h o u l d n o t change it.
62 UNIT6
23° W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s i n y o u r o w nw a y .
1. W h a t are three i m p o r t a n t experiences y o u w o u l d p u t o n y o u r life map? W h y do y o u t h i n k t h e y are

important?
2. W h a t goals w o u l d y o u like t o achieve this year, n e x t year, a n d in t h e n e x t five years? H o w are you
g o i n g to c o m p l e t e t h e m ? C o m p l e t e the list.
My goals f o r . . . How am I g o i n g to complete them?

4
this y e a r
next year
the next five years
24° W r i t e a p a r a g r a p h a b o u t a d i f f i c u l t w o r k o r life decision you have made. Include i n f o r m a t i o n

a b o u t y o u r p a s t plans, h o w y o u r p l a n s c h a n g e d , a n d y o u r r e g r e t s .
e e na p e e e e
25 Circle t h e l e t t e r o f t h e best response t o each sentence.
1. ?I should have g o n e to school instead of taking this job.?

a. ?You m u s t have c h a n g e d y o u r m i n d . ?
b. ?Well, y o u ' r e still young.?
2. ?Why did you change y o u r plans??

a, ? M y friends talked m e o u t o f it.?
b. ?You never know.?
3. ?I s h o u l d have m o v e d t o a n o t h e r city w h e n |
had t h e chance.?
a. ? M a y b e it?s not t o o late.?
b. ?You must have moved.?
4. ?I s h o u l d have b e e n an artist.?
a. ?Well, it?s hard t o make al i v i n g t h a t way.?
b. ?It could h a p p e n to anyone.?
5. ?I s h o u l d n ' t have s p e n t m o n e y o n t h a t sweater | b o u g h t last w e e k . |

r e g r e t m y decision.?
a. ?Maybe you w o u l d have hated it.?
b. ?Maybe it?s n o t t o o late t o take it back.?
LifePlans 63
ete iu egos. aad
A A n s w e r e a c h q u e s t i o n w i t h y o u r a w n i n f o r m a t i o n . Use t h e c o r r e c t f o r m o r tense f o r e x p r e s s i n g
t h e future. W r i t e c o m p l e t e sentences.
1. W h a t will the w e a t h e r be like t o m o r r o w ?
2. W h a t are you g o i n g to d o this w e e k e n d ?
3. When are y o u g o i n g on vacation?
4. W h a t w i l l p r o b a b l y be y o u r b i g g e s t expense next year?
5. W h a t t i m e are y o u leaving y o u r house t o m o r r o w ?
6. W h a t t i m e can w e m e e t on Friday?
7. W h e n should |
start dinner?
B Read t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n s . Cross o u t t h e i n c o r r e c t c h o i c e .
1. :
D o you w a n t to g o t e t h e park later?
: Well, they say i t is g o i n g t o r a i n / w i l l r a i n / cains this a f t e r n o o n .
: M y car broke d o w n ! H o w w i l l | g e t to w o r k ? |
guess |
could take / have to take / may take
the bus.
: Don?t w o r r y . l a m g o i n g t e t a k e / w i l l t a k e / m i g h t t a k e you. Let?s go.
A: D o you w a n t to g o to t h e movies t o m o r r o w night?

:
can?t. 1 a m s e e i n g/ w i l l see / a m g o i n g t o see a play. You c o u l d c o m e / s h o u l d c o m e / a r e
g o i n g t o c o m e w i t h me.
Let?s g o to Bloomfield?s this w e e k e n d . !

n e e d a n e w pair o f shoes.
; Idon?t k n o w . . Bloomfield?s is h a v i n g / c a n have / w i l l have t h e i r big sale t o m o r r o w . There a r e /
.
w i l l b e / m i g h t be t o o m a n y p e o p l e there!
:
The cable?s o u t again! That?s it! | a m c a l l i n g / call / a m g o i n g t o call a repairman!
:
Go ahead, b u t it w i l l t a k e / t a k e s / is t a k i n g hours f o r h i m to g e t here on the w e e k e n d .
We need 100 copies of this r e p o r t by t h e e n d of the w e e k . W i l l y o u m a k e / C a n y o u m a k e / D o

y o u m a k e t h e m t o m o r r o w , Frank?
{'m sorry. | w i l l b e / a m / can b e busy all day t o m o r r o w .
6 4 UNIT6
Read t h e s e n t e n c e s , A r e t h e y a b o u t f u t u r e p l a n s o r p r e d i c t i o n s ? C h e c k t h e c o r r e c t b o x .
future plan prediction

1. I?m going to see the doctor tomorrow. Oo
0
2. He'll be a good doctor. a 0
3. My sister is going to study Spanish in Mexico. Oo Oo
4. I'm going to buy a new car next year. Q Oo
5, She's gaing to be very successful. Oo
6. The airport will be crowded. a 0
Read t h e f i r s t s e n t e n c e i n e a c h i t e m . Circle t h e l e t t e r o f t h e s e n t e n c e t h a t is closest i n m e a n i n g .
1, I s h o u l d n ? t have talked to him.

a. | talked to him, b u t it w a s a mistake,
b. I didn?t tatk to him, a n d it w a s a mistake.
2, We o u g h t to have m o v e d to C h i c a g o .
a. W e are g o i n g t o m o v e , b u t w e don?t k n o w w h e n .
b, it was a g o o d idea te move, b u t w e didn?t d o it.
|
3. wish | had told t h e m w h a t | t h o u g h t .
a. (didn?t tell them, a n d n o w| regret it.
b. [ t o l d t h e m , a n d that was a big mistake.
4. They should have w a r n e d us a b o u t the traffic.
a. T h e y didn?t k n o w , so t h e y couldn?t tell us.
b. T h e y k n e w , b u t they didn?t tell us.
5. M a r k wishes he hadn?t taken the job in Tokyo.
a. He took the job, b u t it was a bad idea.
b. He didn?t take the job, and n o w he regrets it.
R e w r i t e each s e n t e n c e e x p r e s s i n g r e g r e t a b o u t t h e p a s t . Use t h e w o r d i n p a r e n t h e s e s .
1. I
didn?t go to college, a n d |
regret t h a t decision. (wish)
1 wish I h a d g o n e to c o l l e g e .
2. l o r d e r e d chicken, b u t n o w I?m sorry t h a t did. (should)
3. Steve b o r r o w e d o n l y t w o b o o k s f r o m t h e library, b u t a f e w m o r e w o u l d have been better. ( o u g h t t o )
4. C h r i s t i n a a n d M a r k w e n t s k i i n g for t h e i r v a c a t i o n , b u t it w a s a b a d choice. ( w i s h )
5. K a t i e a t e s o m a n y c o o k i e s t h a t n o w she f e e l s sick. ( s h o u l d )
6. Daniel studied law in college, b u t he?d p r e f e r to be a doctor. ( o u g h t to)
Life Plans
WRITING BOOS
A Read t h e f o l l o w i n g s h o r t b i o g r a p h y of t h e f a m o u s aviator, A m e l i a Earhart. Choose t h e c o r r e c t

h e a d i n g s a n d w r i t e t h e m i n t h e spaces b e l o w t o d i v i d e t h e b i o g r a p h y i n t o sections. You w i l l n o t use
all t h e h e a d i n g s .
Headings:
Ametia?s Education Amelia?s M a r r i a g e
Amelia?s Mysterious Disappearance Amelia?s Flying Records
Amelia?s Family Life Amelia?s Love o f Flying
Amelia?s Childhood Years
Amelia Earhart
Amelia M a r y Earhart was b o r n o n july 24, 1897, i n Atchison, Kansas. At three years old she w e n t
to live w i t h her g r a n d p a r e n t s w h o lived fifty mites away. Amelia was a t o m b o y , a n d loved s n o w
sledding a n d c l i m b i n g trees. She lived w i t h h e r g r a n d p a r e n t s until she was ten. At ten she m o v e d
back w i t h h e r p a r e n t s and h e r y o u n g e r sister, Muriel.
Amelia saw her first airptane at t h e 1 9 0 8 towa State Fair. At this fair, there was a s t u n t - f l y i n g
exhibition, a n d it fascinated Amelia. It w a s here, as she w a t c h e d these planes t w i r l i n g and
swooshing, that Amelia fell in love w i t h t h e idea of flying. Amelia actually h a d to w a i t thirteen
years t o take her first ride in a plane, a n d just six m o n t h s after that, she b o u g h t h e r first plane. It
was b r i g h t y e l l o w a n d she called it Canary.
Amelia was very c o m p e t i t i v e , a n d entered m a n y f l y i n g contests over the next several years.
She c o n t i n u a l l y broke the records of o t h e r aviators. To m e n t i o n just a f e w :
In j u n e of 1928, she b e c a m e the first w o m a n to fly across the Atlantic.
in M a y of 1932, she b e c a m e the second person t o fly solo across t h e A t l a n t i c
From A u g u s t 24 to 25, 1932, she f l e w a solo n o n s t o p f l i g h t f r o m t h e w e s t coast of the U n i t e d States
to the east coast, m a k i n g her the first w o m a n to d o that.
From Apr il 24 t o 25, 1935, she was t h e first person to fly solo f r o m Hawaii to California.
At t h e age of forty, in 1937, Amelia Earhart w a n t e d to be t h e first w o m a n to fly a r o u n d the w o r l d .

She a n d h e r n a v i g a t o r t o o k off f r o m Oakland, California, a n d f l e w to M i a m i , then t h r o u g h the
Caribbean t o Brazil and t h r o u g h Africa to India. A f t e r India, they f l e w t o Bangkok, Indonesia,
Australia, a n d then Papua N e w Guinea. From Papua N e w Guinea, t h e y f l e w t o w a r d H o w a r d Island,
2,200 miles away. T h e y never arrived, a n d despite extensive searches, they w e r e never f o u n d .
N o o n e k n o w s f o r sure w h a t h a p p e n e d t o Amelia and her navigator, b u t t h e w o r l d k n o w s t h a t
Amelia is o n e o f the most i m p o r t a n t and influential aviators i n history.
B Ona s e p a r a t e sheet o f p a p e r , w r i t e a s h o r t b i o g r a p h y o f s o m e o n e y o u k n o w o r s o m e o n e f a m o u s .
I n c l u d e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s person?s c h i l d h o o d , f a m i l y , e d u c a t i o n , a c h i e v e m e n t s , r e g r e t s , o r any
o t h e r i n f o r m a t i o n y o u w o u l d like t o a d d . D i v i d e t h e b i o g r a p h y i n t o s e c t i o n s . I n c l u d e a h e a d i n g
f o r each s e c t i o n .
66 UNITE
1 Read t h e n e w s p a p e r a d f o r a n e v e n t . C h e c k t r u e o r f a l s e .
!
|
' P i t t s ! Dexter Hote on
|
( D e c e m b e r 31 to w e l c o m e t h e N e w Year!
Here's just some of what you'll enjay:
' . beginning at 7:00. a five-course dinner planned and
i prepared by world-famous chef Pierre Raynaud
©
live d i n n e r m u s i c performed by pianist Oscar H e r m a n
!
* at 9:00, a t w o - h o u r concert sturring the Sassies, one of the hottest new bands in the city
|
+ at 11:00, popular hits and all your favorite dance songs played by DJ ?Raging? Robin
|
Collins from radio station WROC
|
* hats and horns passed out at 11:30 Tickets must be purchased in advance.
' * a c o u n t d o w n to midnight by DJ ?Raging? Robin C S U aceCone a u r
| + a perfect view of the fireworks over the Charlton River t C
1. The ticket includes dinner. Oo

o
2. Oscar Herman is a radio Dj. QO o
3. wilt perform until 11:00.
The Sassies oO
o
4. You need to bring your own hats and horns to this event. QO oO
5. You can view the fireworks on a large TV screen. oO

a
2 C h o o s e a n i m p o r t a n t h o l i d a y i n y o u r c o u n t r y . U s i n g t h e a d a b o v e as a m o d e l , w r i t e a n a d f o r a
p a r t y t h a t w o u l d b e i n t h e l o c a l n e w s p a p e r . I n c l u d e t h e s a m e t y p e o f i n f o r m a t i o n as t h e ad a b o v e .
C o m p l e t e t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n . Use t h e w o r d s f r o m t h e b o x .
get t o g e t h e r w i t h it?s i m p o s s i b l e mobbed takes place reminds m e
A W o w , the a i r p o r t is ???_ W h y are there so m a n y p e o p l e here?
B: It?s because it?s almost T h a n k s g i v i n g . It?s an i m p o r t a n t h o l i d a y here i n t h e U.S.
A: Really? W hat ' s the h o l i d a y for?
B: ; It started as a harvest c e l e b r a t i o n . It every year o n t h e f o u r t h T h u r s d a y of

November.
A: H o w d o y o u celebrate it?
B: People usually ? ? ? _ ? ? t h e i r families. That?s w?h y _ ? t o get around.
Oh, a n d t h e f o o d is great! This h o l i d a y is a b o u t families . .

. and eating!
A: It ? ? _ ? ? of o n e of o u r t r a d i t i o n a l holidays.
4 W H A T A B O U T YOU? C o m p l e t e t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n in y o u r o w n way.
V i s i t o r : Tell m e a b o u t a h o l i d a y that y o u celebrate in y o u r c o u n t r y .
?Well, o n e holiday is
V i s i t o r : W h a t k i n d of h o l i d a y is it?
CYoW it?s a(n) _ _ _ _ _ _ h o l i d a y t h a t takes place in
V i s i t o r : H o w d o you celebrate it?
Well, in m y f a m i l y w e usually
V i s i t o r : That sounds great!
C o m p l e t e each s e n t e n c e w i t h h i s t o r i c a l , r e l i g i o u s , o r seasonal.
1, A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ holliday is a c e l e b r a t i o n o f a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e of year.
O n _ _ _ _ _ holidays, p e o p l e celebrate s o m e t h i n g t h a t h a p p e n e d in the past.
A harvest festival is an e x a m p l e o f a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ holiday.
A _ _ _ h o l i d a y is related to people?s beliefs.
UNIT?
Match each word w i t h the correct definition. Use the words f r o m the box.
acard a costume the dead
fireworks a gift @ parade
a picnic pray w i s h each o t h e r w e l l
1, ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ : s o m e t h i n g that y o u g i v e someone, especially to t h a n k h i m of her, o r on

a special occasion
2, ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ : a p u b l i c celebration w h e n musical bands, b r i g h t l y d e c o r a t e d vehicles, etc.,

m o v e d o w n the street
3. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ : clothes w o r n by s o m e o n e to make him o r h e r look like a differentperson,

an animal, etc.
t o speak to G o d o r gods i n o r d e r to ask f o r help o r g i v e thanks

+
:
c o l o r f u l explosives that p e o p l e b u r n w h e n c e l e b r a t i n g a special day
+
p e o p l e w h o have died
:
a meal that is prepared at h o m e a n d t h e n taken outside to be eaten
=
a w r i t t e n g r e e t i n g , o f t e n w i t h a p i c t u r e o n t h e front, t h a t y o u send t o
p e o p l e o n special occasions
t o say t h a t you h o p e s o m e o n e w i l l have g o o d luck, a h a p p y life, ete.

+
C i r c l e t h e w o r d ( s ) t h a t c o r r e c t l y c o m p l e t e s t h e s e n t e n c e . In s o m e s e n t e n c e s , b o t h c h o l c e s
are correct.
- A n y o n e w h o/ t h a t tries this dessert loves it.
. The parties t h a t / w h o take place on N e w Year's Eve are always so m u c h f u n .
.
The N e w Fire Ceremony was an Ancient Aztec celebration t h a t i t / t h a t was celebrated every 52 years.
. An emcee, o r master of ceremonies, is a p e r s o n w h o / h e acts as t h e host at a f o r m a l occasion.
. The f l o w e r s t h a t / w h o arrived yesterday w e r e absolutely g o r g e o u s .
. A h o s t is s o m e o n e t h a t / w h o invites a person to his o r her home.
W r i t e t h e a d j e c t i v e clause t h a t c o r r e c t l y c o m p l e t e s e a c h s e n t e n c e . Use t h e clauses in t h e b o x .
t h a t is c e l e b r a t e d in Latin A m e r i c a w h o enjoy being outside
w h o is i n v i t e d t o someone?s h o m e t h a t are c e l e b r a t e d w i t h t h e w h o l e f a m i l y
t h a t come b y e-mail w h o talked a b o u t David
+
This is a great h o l i d a y for p e o p l e
.
t l o v e holidays
. It?s a h o l i d a y
A person is called a g u e s t .
I'm surprised by the n u m b e r o f g r e e t i n g cards S S .

She?s the woman
Holidays and Traditions

C o m p l e t e t h e conversation. Circle t h e best response t o each q u e s t i o n o r statement.
|
Mitch: D o you m i n d if ask y o u something?
Vanessa: Yes, o f c o u r s e . / O f c o u r s e n o t .
Mitch: I?m n o t sure a b o u t the a p p r o p r i a t e behavior here. W h e n you g o to someone?s h o u s e f o r

dinner, w h a t s h o u l d you bring?
Vanessa: You s h o u l d b r i n g a s m a l l g i f t . / You s h o u l d b r i n g t h e host.
Mitch: D e f i n i t e l y . / T h a n k s . {t's a g o o d t h i n g | asked.
Gift-giving Etiquette
© In Japan, China, and Vietnam, it is net customary te open a gift ix treet of
person who gave it to you. The gift is set aside aad opened later in private
© In Russia, gifts for children are usaally opened in private, while gifts for
adults are usually opened in the presence of others.
© In Germany, yor should avoid giving large or expensive gifts im private.
The larger the gift, the more public the gift-giving should be.
10 Read each sentence. If t h e relative p r o n o u n can be o m i t t e d , cross i t o u t . If i t can?t b e o m i t t e d , circle it.
. Thed r e s st h a t |
w o r e to the p a r t y is in m y closet.
.
A n y o n e ( h o t r a v e l s on t h a t h o l i d a y s h o u l d plan for delays.
. The w o m a n t h a t y o u w e r e talking w i t h is a professional p a r t y planner.
.
The c o u p l e w h o m w e saw at t h e movies last n i g h t used t o live in o u r b u i l d i n g .
. Ella is s o m e o n e w h o always makes p e o p l e feel g o o d a b o u t themselves.
.
O n Valentine's Day | t h i n k a b o u t the p e o p l e t h a t |
love.
.
It?s great t o meet s o m e o n e w h o goes o u t of his w a y to hetp y o u .
. W h a t s h o u l d a person w h o ' s i n v i t e d to d i n n e r take?
11 C o m b i n e t h e t w o sentences i n t o o n e , using t h e relative p r o n o u n in parentheses. O m i t the

relative p r o n o u n w h e r e possible.
1, The h o l i d a y takes place in July. | t o l d you a b o u t the holiday. (that)
T h eh o l i d a y ?that) I t o l d you a b o u t takes place in Ju! ye
2. The person should bring flowers. The person c o m e s for dinner. ( w h o )
3. H a n b o k is a dress. W o m e n in Korea w e a r it f o r Chuseok. ( t h a t )
4. People enjoy Halloween. People like w e a r i n g costumes. ( w h o )
5. The celebrations are a lot o f f u n . The c e l e b r a t i o n s take place d u r i n g M a r d i Gras. (that)
7 UNIT 7
|
6. The f o o d was a m a z i n g . ate t h e f o o d d u r i n g Eid al-Adha. (that)
|
7. The f r i e n d w e n t t o Thailand f o r his vacation. told y o u a b o u t the friend. ( w h o m )
8. M y friends s p e n t N e w Year's Eve w i t h m e . They c a m e f r o m Germany. ( w h o )
12 C o r r e c t t h e e r r o r i n t h e a d j e c t i v e c l a u s e i n each s e n t e n c e .
1. The p a c k a g e w h o w e received c a m e f r o m H o n g K o n g .
2 . We realty liked the restaurant t h e b o o k r e c o m m e n d e d it.
3. -
Children?s Day is a holiday is celebrated in m a n y countries.
4. . That h o l i d a y is fun for anyone w h o m loves t o celebrate.
5. The costumes t h a t Carnaval dancers wear t h e m are g o r g e o u s .
13 Read t h e a r t i c l e Holidays A r o u n d the W o r l d o n p a g e 8 0 i n t h e S t u d e n t ' s B o o k a g a i n . A n s w e r t h e

a . questions.
companion
1 W h e n is Ramadan celebrated?
- W h y d o M u s l i m s celebrate Ramadan?
. When is the Chinese New Year celebration?
. H o w d o p e o p l e prepare f o r the Chinese N e w Year?
. W h i c h t w o countries celebrate Simén Bolivar?s b i r t h d a y o n j u l y 24th?
. W h y is S i m é n Bolivar called ? t h e Liberator??
Holidays and Traditions nn

V4 e a d abowt how one h o h c a y 55 cebebrated i n d e t t e r e n t c o u n t r i e s . T h e n a n s w e r t h eq u e s t i o n s .
(Osea t N e
In tg", The§
apec:
he
nee. .
dasferene days. ang ing
Cluldren?s Day in Japan usedto be celebrated separately for girls

fon March 3] and *or boys (on May
5) but today
its holiday for
all cluigien on May 5 On Childtens Day, families with boys often
hang carp decorations, since a carp isa fish that symbolizes,
strength and success. They also display figures that look like
| warriors, of fighters, People eat rice cakesf !led with bean paste
and covered with leaves. There are many sporting and art events,
{ fos chiidren all over Japan on that day.
? _ o o
1
eS
Celebrated on May 5. Children?s Day 1s a national
o d y im Korea. Many parents doa't work and spend |
a a
Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prume munsster of Indva.
deeply toved children. Hs birthday, November.
° )
2
the daywith their children Families often wisit parks ! became Chitdren?s Day in india. Schools by
celebrate
1005. and movie theaters because theyie free for Paving cultural programs and handing out treats and
Chigrencn ths day Patents tational g e her fy snacks There ave competitions and games of al ands }
\ gilten gs and money
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. founder of the Turkish Republic. established

April 23.as Childrens Day mn this country. People enjoy festrvats and
performances by childcen Children replace the president. prime
mirwster. members of the Grand National Assembly, and other officals
Ve one day They addvess children?s and educational sues
Lotu-Tam ati. of Childen?s Day. 1s

celebrated in Samoa on White Sunday, the second Sunday in October Ft 1s
both a
feligious and national holrday in Samoa Children dress all in white and parade in line from tallest to shortest into
church They perform songs and religious plays and dance for them parents and relatives Then they return home fot a
celebration meal They are honoted by theit parents by being served frst and tecewing gifts
1. In w h i c h t w o c o u n t r i e s d o children receive g i f t s o n Children?s Day?
2. In w h i c h c o u n t r y was Children?s Day t r a d i t i o n a l l y celebrated separately f o r boys a n d girls?
3. In w h i c h c o u n t r y d o c h i l d r e n p a r t i c i p a t e in g o v e r n m e n t o n Children'sD a y ?
72 U N I 7T
4. In w h i c h t w o countries was Children?s Day started by a f a m o u s political leader?
5. In w h i c h t w o countries is Children?s Day celebrated o n t h e same date?
6. In w h i c h c o u n t r y is Children?s Day b o t h a seasonal h o l i d a y a n d a religious holiday?
15 W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? W r i t e a p a r a g r a p h a b o u t y o u r f a v o r i t e h o l i d a y . W h e n is it? H o w d o y o u
c e l e b r a t e it i n y o u r f a m i l y ? W h a t t r a d i t i o n s (such as s p e c i a l f o o d s o r c l o t h i n g ) a r e p a r t o f t h i s
h o l i d a y ? Is i t r e l i g i o u s , seasonal, o r h i s t o r i c a l ?
ve ee e e ae O O rea pd me
e S
16 Put t h e e v e n t s b e l o w i n t h e o r d e r i n w h i c h t h e y n o r m a l l y occur.
? ? an e n g a g e m e n t
? ?
? ?
areception
ahoneymoon =
i
? ? awedding
7 C o m p l e t e each sentence w i t h t h e correct word(s) f r o m t h e box.
bride ceremony engagement got engaged groom
honeymoon newlyweds reception wedding
Neit a n d Carrie dated f o r three years b e f o r e t h e y? _ | ? : T h e y were b o t h so excited, a n d they
a n n o u n c e d their ? ? i m m e d i a t e l y . T h e y w a n t e d e v e r y o n e t o k n o w t h e y were g o i n g t o get

married!
Today is t h e? _ ? w h i c h will have t w o parts. First is t h e ? ? - w h i c h is t h e f o r m a l

service that w i l l make t h e m legally married. Then c o m e s the real celebration: At the
everyone w i l l eat and dance f o r hours.
Holidays and Traditions 7

Right n o w Carrie, the is p u t t i n g o n h e r dress. She is so excited! Neil, the
is p r e t t y excited, too, b u t he?s also really nervous.

7.
. A f t e r all
Tomorrow morning the are g o i n g t o Tahiti f o r a seven-day
t h e stress a n d e x c i t e m e n t of the w e d d i n g , t h e y ' l l need a vacation!
The w o n t honeymgon comes f r o n t a n old trish t r a d i t i o n . N e w l y w e d s d r a n k w i n e

made f r o m h o n e y for The a t m o n t h ( o r m o o n ) attcr b e i n g nuieried. They believed
that b y d o i n g this, they wound h a v e a son w i t h i n the first y e a r of m a r r a g e .
18
The Wedding ?Ring In many ancient cultures, the circle is a

symbol of etemity. The wedding ring has
t weddings in many parts of the come to symbolize endless
A v brides and grooms give one love and commitment.
another wedding rings. These rings
remind them of the c o m m i t m e n t they made to Wedding rings have almost
one another when they got married. They are always been worn on the
also a sign to others that they are married. fourth finger, but the hand
it?s worn on depends on
N o one knows for sure how this tradition where you live. In some
started, but thete is evidence that it began cultures, people wear their
long ago, in ancient Egypt. Coins at that time rings on the left hand, and
had a hole in the center. An Egyptian groom in others, they wear them
used to place a coin on his bride?s finger to on the right.
show that he w o u l d take care of her.
1. Rings are t r a d i t i o n a l l y given

b. d u r i n g w e d d i n g s « just to brides
a. o n l y in Egypt
2. Ancient Egyptian g r o o m s gave t h e i r brides

b. m o n e y shaped like a r i n g c. a r i n g f o r every f i n g e r
a. m o n e y to buy a r i n g
Awedding ring is a symbol! of _ _ _ .

a. acircle b. eternity c, love w i t h o u t e n d
4, M o s t p e o p l e w e a r t h e i r w e d d i n g rings _ _ _ .
a. o n b o t h h a n d s b. on the f o u r t h f i n g e r ¢. o n l y o n t h e left h a n d
r e UNIT7
GRAMMAR BOOS
A Read each sentence. If the sentence is correct, write C. If the sentence is incorrect, write | and correct it.
1. Baboatie is a t r a d i t i o n a l f o o d f r o m South Africa w h o is o r i g i n a l l y f r o m Malaysia.
2. . Japan is a c o u n t r y t h a t has a lot of festivals.
3. . The m o s t expensive t r i p | took was the one that it w e n t to Antarctica. _ _ _
4. M y best f r i e n d is a w o m a n that lives in Brazil. _ _ _
5, . The Grand Hotel is a seaside hotel t h a t everyone likes. ? _ _
R e w r i t e each i t e m as o n e s e n t e n c e w i t h a r e c i p r o c a l p r o n o u n .
1. Adam sees Barb and Linus e v e r y day. Barb sees Linus every day, too.
Adam, Barb and Linus see one another every day.

. Ms. Heidle waved at Ms. Cook a n d Ms. C o o k w a v e d back at her.
3. Gerry meets Trish f o r l u n c h every day.
. J a m e s , B a r b , a n d Jessie w e r e l o s t . A l l o f t h e m t r i e d t o f i n d t h e o t h e r s .
. The e m p l o y e e s in m y office b u y g i f t s f a r t h e o t h e r p e o p l e in the office.
C h o o s e t h e p h r a s e t h a t c o r r e c t l y c o m p l e t e s each s e n t e n c e .
1 Don?t talk to _ _ _ .
a. y o u b. herself c. yourself
2. Did he hurt 2
a, herself b. himself «. each o t h e r
. You should be really p r o u d of .

a. her b. herself c. you
. She?s feeling really sorry f o r ? _ _ r i g h t n o w .

a. one another b. myself c. herself
. [ t h i n k he should believe in more.

a. myself b. h i m s e l f c. each o t h e r
. T h e y always see _ _ _ o n weekends.

a. themselves b. they ¢. o n e a n o t h e r
Holidays and Traditions s

D C o m p l e t e each s e n t e n c e w i t h a p h r a s e f r o m t h e b o x .
b y herself by h i m s e l f by o u r s e l v e s by t h e m s e l v e s by y o u r s e l f each o t h e r
1. N o b o d y w e n t w i t h Kate t o the movies. She d e c i d e d t o g o
2. You can?t dance t h e t a n g o _ _ _ _ . You n e e d a p a r t n e r .
3. Young children o f t e n w a n t to d o t h i n g s _ _ _ _ _ , even if it?s d i f f i c u l t f o r t h e m .
4. The players w i s h e d _ _ _ g o o d Tuck before the game.
5. Mrs. Jackson o f t e n w o r k s very late, so h e r h u s b a n d eats d i n n e r
6. W e d e c i d e d to d o the w o r k _ _ _ _ _ i n s t e a d of p a y i n g s o m e o n e t o d o it.
E C i r c l e w h o o r w h o m a n d c o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s in y o u r o w n w a y .
1, M r s . Reilly is myn e i g h b o r{ w h o ) / w h o m m o v e d i n _ _ _ t h _r e e years ago.
2. People w h o / w h o m talk a jot can b e very
3. M y f r i e n d w h o / w h o m lives in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a really _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ person.
4. The p e o p l e w h o / w h o m |
m e t w h e n | was i n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ w e r e really
5. is a f a m i l y f r i e n d w h e / w h o m |
have k n o w n f o r a l o n g time.
6. M y f r i e n d _ _ _ i s s o m e o n e w h o / w h o m| t a l k to almost e v e r y day.
i M ReM Lele MEAs
A Read t h e sentences. W r i t e t h e u n d e r l i n e d w o r d s i n t h e c o r r e c t c o l u m n i n t h e c h a r t . T h i n k o f o t h e r
w o r d s and a d d t h e m t o t h e chart.
. The t r a d i t i o n a l s w e e t and salty candy f e i t so g o o d o n my t o n g u e t h a t |

closed my eyes in happiness.
M y ears w e r e filled w i t h the s w e e t s o u n d of c h i l d r e n jaughing.
- The f r a g r a n t o d o r p e r f u m e d t h e air.
The w o m e n l o o k e dl irk ae ai n b o w in their m a n y - c o l o r e d t r a d i t i o n a l robes.
T h e f o o d was very spicy a n d rich, and | was r e m i n d e d o f the flavors of M o r o c c o .
The banging of the drums in the parade made a soundals o a suthunder.

d
Sight Sound ]
Taste Smell
sweet
76 UNIT?
A s i m i l e is a w a y o f d e s c r i b i n g s o m e t h i n g b y c o m p a r i n g i t to s o m e t h i n g else. T h i n k a b o u t y o u r
h a p p i e s t h o l i d a y as a c h i l d . T h e n c o m p l e t e t h e s i m i l e s b e t o w w i t h y o u r o w n i n f o r m a t i o n .
E x a m p l e s : On Children?s Day, | was as h a p p y as a c l o w n . The f o o d was so g o c d | ate like a horse.
1. O n s was... 2. O n t h a t d a y , . . . 1
a s h a p p y a s _ _ . . _ _ likea__
as excited as _ ? _ _ _ like a
as as .
like
Look at t h e photographs. Write a sentence w i t h interesting details a b o u t the sounds, sights,

smells, a n d tastes.
Songkran celebrations?Thailand
?_ W I
Independence Day barbeque?Canada
4
Sight: Smelt;
Sound: Taste:
Carnaval p a r a d e ? B r a z i l T h a n k s g i v i n g d i n n e r ? U n i t e d States
Sight: Smell:
Sound: Taste:
Choose o n e p h o t o g r a p h f r o m exercise C. O n a separate sheet o f paper, w r i t e a p a r a g r a p h d e s c r i b i n g

t h e event. Use i n t e r e s t i n g d e t a i l s t o d e s c r i b e w h a t t h i n g s l o o k like, s m e l l like, s o u n d like, o r taste like.
Holidays and Traditions 7

t i e
PREVIEW
wa!
t Inventions and Discoveries
1.)
W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? T h i n k a b o u t p r o d u c t s t h a t use e l e c t r o n i c t e c h n o l o g y . C o m p l e t e t h e
c h a r t w i t h s o m e p r o d u c t s t h a t y o u use.
Outside (for entertainment

At home At school or work
or transportation)
|
( e e
2 N o w list t h e t o p five p r o d u c t s f r o m the chart above, in o r d e r o f i m p o r t a n c e t o you.

(1 is t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t . )
1,
In 1898, an e x e c u t i v e at t h e U.S. P a t e n t * O f f i c e s a i d
t h a t t h e o f f i c e s h o u l d be c l o s e d b e c a u s e e v e r y t h i n g
h a d already been i n v e n t e d .
(7A patent is a legal document that gives you the right to make
of sell a new invention that no one else is allowed to copy.)
3 Look a t t h e p r o d u c t y o u l i s t e d as m o s t i m p o r t a n t . A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s a b o u t it.
1. Was this p r o d u c t i n v e n t e d before you w e r e born?
2. W h e n d i d y o u b e g i n using it?
3. H o w w o u l d y o u r life be d i f f e r e n t w i t h o u t it?
|.
_How c o u l d this p r o d u c t be better?
4 C h o o s e t h e b e s t r e s p o n s e . Circle t h e l e t t e r .
1. ?The drive h o m e was brutal.?

a. ?I k n o w . The traffic was a w f u l . ? b. ?| k n o w . The scenery w a s beautiful.?
2. ?Did the b u g s b o t h e r you??

|
a. ?No, b i t t h e bullet.? b. ?Yes, |
g o t eaten alivel?
?There w e r e tons of p e o p l e at t h e mail.?

a. ?What a nightmare!? b. ?What fun!?
?Let's g o c a m p i n g this w e e k e n d . ?
a. ?Sure. M y m o m w o n ' t hear of it.? b. ?| can?t, My m o m w o n ' t hear of it.?
?| n e e d to g e t m y car fixed, b u t it?s g o i n g to cost so m u c h ! ?
a. ?Well, y o u ' l l have to bite the b. ?Well, you?tt have t o bite the
b u l l e t a n d pay for it.? b u l l e t and n o t pay for it.?
78
LESSON Sylvan Goldman, t h e
owner o f a g r o c e r y
Store, invented t h e
5 Cross out the word o r phrase that has a different meaning from the others. | Shopping cart in 1937
when he realized he
1. h i g h - t e c h using n e w t e c h n o l o g y _first-rate- should make i t easier
2. offering high quatity novel top-of-the-line for h i s c u t h i n e to

3. innovative high-end revolutionary
4. s t a t e - o f - t h e - a r t cutting-edge high-end
5. t o p - o f - t h e - l i n e high-end fast
6, novel revolutionary high-tech
7. i n n o v a t i v e first-rate high-end
6 L o o k a t t h e p i c t u r e . T h e n c h e c k t h e b o x t h a t a n s w e r s eachq u e s t i o n .
If it?s less than VI b u y i t if 1

t w o u l d n ? t dike i t if i t
$500, f l l b u y it. find a n e w job. w e r e n ' t available in red.
If had enough
>
oe: ?o'
money, I'd buy it
today.
Seavaialmabe ir
alsae r o n d Te
maybe
- Is the stereo less t h a n $5007
- D o e s Saily have e n o u g h m o n e y ?
. Will Sally b u y it today?
. W i l l D e r r i c k b u y it?
. Does Keith have a n e w job?

. Does Tanya like it?
. Does Rick like it?
. Is Rick g o i n g to b u y it?
(nwentions and Olscoverles 7s

7 Circle t h e w o r d o r p h r a s e t h a t c o r r e c t l y c o m p l e t e s each c o n d i t i o n a l s e n t e n c e .
1 This ald car w o u l d be / is / w i l l b e w o r t h m o r e if it w e r e in g o o d condition.
2. Heather wouldn?t t r u s t Nathan if t h e y aren?t / w e r e n ? t / w o u l d n ? t be such g o o d friends.
3. -
People w i l l h a v e / h a d / w o u l d h a v e a great t i m e if they relax a little bit.
4. |. If y o u exercise every day, y o u ?Il lose / w o u l d lose / l o s t w e i g h t .
5. You have to be responsible if y o u w i l l g e t / g e t / g o t a pet.

6. |
wouldn?t pay so m u c h f o r this p h o n e if |
don?t t h i n k / didn?t t h i n k / w o u l d n ? t t h i n k it was w o r t h it.
7. If the car c o s t / w o u l d c o s t / costs Jess, m o r e p e o p l e w o u l d buy it.
8. . If you don?t lower y o u r price, p e o p l e don?t b u y / w o u l d n ' t b u y / w o n ' t b u y y o u r p r o d u c t .
8 C o m p l e t e t h e c o n d i t i o n a l s e n t e n c e s w i t h t h e c o r r e c t f o r m o f t h e v e r b s . Use t h e w o r d s in
parentheses.
1. If you don?t look hard e n o u g h , y o u _ _ _ _ _ ( n o t/ f i n d ) it.

2. There are always p e o p l e at the park if the weather _ _ _ _ _ _ (be) nice.
3. It?s g o o d t o f o l l o w the directions if you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ {not / w a n t ) t o g e t lost.
4. {fl were you, |
_ _ _ _ { n o t / d o ) it.
5, They w o u l d n ' t try it if they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ( k n o w ) alll t h e risks.
6. If Andrea buys a new cas, she _ _ _ _ _ _ ( n o t / have) e n o u g h m o n e y for other things.

?. I f y o u really _ _ _ _ _ _ (want) to d o it, you?ll make it happen.
8. I f w e _ _ _ _ ( n o t / be) in s u c h a h u r r y , w e w o u l d s t o p a n d t a k e p i c t u r e s .
9 Use t h e s e n t e n c e s f r o m t h e b o x t o c o m p l e t e t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n .
N o harm done.
I f 1 h a d r e m e m b e r e d t o t a k e m y GPS, w e w o u l d h a v e b e e n o n t i m e .
S o r r y w e ' r e late.
It can h a p p e n t o a n y o n e .
I ' m a s h a m e d t o say w e g o t lost.
: What happened?
: That?s OK.
Let?s g e t started.
UNIT 8
10 Read the statements. Then circte Yes o r No.
?We w o u l d n ' t have g o t t e n lost if y o u had asked for directions.?
1, Did they g e t lost? Yes No

2. Did she ask f o r directions? Yes No
?if ' d k n o w n w e were g o i n g o u t to lunch, |

w o u l d n ? t have b r o u g h t l u n c h w i t h me.?
3. Are they g o i n g o u t to lunch? Yes No
4. Did t h e w o m a n k n o w a b o u t the l u n c h plans? Yes No

5. Did she b r i n g l u n c h w i t h her? Yes No
?If w e hadn?t b o u g h t tickets early, w e w o u l d n ' t have b e e n able to see Alien Invasion.?
6. D i d they buy tickets early? Yes No

7. Were t h e y able to see Alien Invasion? Yes No
?They w o u l d n ' t have b e e n on t i m e if they h a d taken the 8 o'clock train.?
8. W e r e t h e y on time? Yes No
9. Did they take t h e 8 o'clock train? Yes No
11 C i r c l e t h e p h r a s e t h a t c o r r e c t l y c o m p l e t e s each s e n t e n c e .
1. If television hadn?t b e e n / w o u l d n ' t have b e e n i n v e n t e d , | w o u l d have read m o r e w h e n

|
w a s g r o w i n g up.
2. You w o u l d h a v e h a d / h a d h a d m o r e m o n e y at t h e e n d of t h e m o n t h if y o u h a d been m o r e
careful a b o u t y o u r s p e n d i n g .
3. If p e o p l e had k n o w n m o r e a b o u t t h e p r o d u c t , m a n y of t h e m w o u l d n ' t have b o u g h t /

h a d n ' t b o u g h t it.
4. If w e h a d really t h o u g h t a b o u t o u r travel plans, w e w o u l d n ? t g o / w o u t d n ? t h a v e g o n e to t h e

desert in the summer.
5. W e w o u l d have b o u g h t m o r e f o a d if w e hadn?t k n o w n / h a d k n o w n that so m a n y

p e o p l e w e r e g o i n g to c o m e over for t h e p a r t y .
6. If t h e y h a d t r a i n e d / w o u l d have t r a i n e d the p u p p y better, she w o u l d n ' t have

destroyed their h o m e .
12
C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s . Use t h e p h r a s e s i n t h e box. You w i l l n o t use all o f t h ep h r a s e s ,
had been had eaten had made hadn?t tatked to
w o u l d have been w o u l d have c h o s e n w o u l d have had w o u l d n ' t have eaten
1. i f | _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a mistake, |
w o u l d have acceptedr e s p o n s i b i l i t y .
2. T o m w o u l d n ? t have heard the news y e t i f h e Eddie lastn i g h t .

3. If there had b e e n a n o t h e r o p t i o n , w e its
4. T h e y _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m o r e t i m e for t h e i r children if they hadn?t w o r k e d so m u c h .
5. If I'd k n o w n w h a t wasinit,1_. = sthat dessert.
Inventions and Discoveries st

13. W H A T A B O U T YOU? C o m p l e t e t h e sentences in y o u r o w n way.
1. I f had f o r g o t t e n a b o u t an a p p o i n t m e n t ,
|
2. w o u l d have d o n e things d i f f e r e n t l y ? - _ _ _ _
3. fl hadn?t___ S F o u l d ? have ?
14 Write the letter o f the definition that matches each word. You will use some definitions more than once.
a. is silly in an exciting o r d. doesn?t use time, m o n e y , g. uses n e w ideas

amusing way energy, etc., in t h e best w a y
e. doesn?t use t h e m o s t m o d e r n _h. is the o n l y o n e of its k i n d

b. w o r k s w e l l w i t h o u t w a s t i n g machines o r m e t h o d s in
time, money, or energy
business o r i n d u s t r y
c. uses n e w t e c h n o l o g y f. offers high q u a l i t y
1, ? _ _c u t t i n g - e d g e 6. inefficient 11, _ _ _ s t a t e - o f - t h e - a r t
2. ? ? e f f i c i e n t 7. innovative 12, _ _ _ t o p - o f - t h e - l i n e
3, first-rate 8. ? _ _ l o w - t e c h 13. unique
4, _ _ ? h i g h - e n d 9. novel 14, ?___w a c k y

$5. ? _ high-tech 10, _ _ _ _ r e v o l u t i o n a r y
15 Look at the ads. Check the word t h a t best describes each product. Explain your choice.
TIRED OF RUINING H o w much time

YOUR BOOKS
BY FOLDING dos i n g y o u r
THE PAGES? .
return address?
Don't ruin another .
page! Never lose your Never write
place again! your return address
again!
1. O tow-tech 1 novel 0 unique 2. D efficient O wacky OF cutting-edge
8 2 UNIT 8
N o w y o u can hear,
W H o
see, a n d smeff y o u r
favorite programs! NEEDS BAND
This w i l l c h a n g e MEMBERS
a e cooking shows WHEN YOU'VE
j forever!
GOT O N E
M A N BAND?
3. Dhigh-tech 11 tow-tech 0 efficient 4. 0 wacky © state-of-the-art 0 cutting-edge
DON?T L E T RAINY DAYS

EVERY KID'S SLOW Y o u DOWN!
D R E A M COMES
TRUE.
Just t y p e in
t h e assignment,
and o u t
comes y o u r
homework!
5. D innovative L1 inefficient 1 wacky 6. D inefficient 1 low-tech 1 top-of-the-line
B o
16 Read the article Antibiotics on page 94 in the Student?s Book again. Match the terms in the first
e S column with their definitions. Write the letters on the lines.
ciamanemon 1. ? ? _ tetracycline a. a n t i - b a c t e r i a l p o w d e r t h a t was made f r o m m o l d
2. ? _ penicillin b..
bacteria that don?t respond to antibiotics
3. viral illness ¢.
. d r u g that stops t h e g r o w t h of bacteria
4, antibiotic-resistant d. sickness t h a t does n o t n e e d antibiotics

bacteria
Inventions and Discoveries

1 7 _? R e a d t h e a r t i c l e . C h e c k t r u e , f a l s e , o r ni no f o r m a t i o n . C o r r e c t t h e f a l s e s t a t e m e n t s .
- RUBE GOLDBERG...
Of ail the wacky inventions people have designed, jumps to catch the cracker The stand. on which the =
None can compare to the innovate creations of parrot was sitting, falls ove? a a maxes bird seeds >
an award-winning cartoonist Rube Goldberg. Rube fall into a bucket. The extia we-gnt nthe bucket p u l l s }
Goldberg was born in San Francisco in 1883 He a string, which hghis a lighiey The ghter sets off a
eared a degree in engineering, but he wasn't fire cracker that causes a knife to cut another string
interested in it. He preferred drawing cartoons that A pendulum that was attached to the string swings
made fun of the changes that were happening in the a c k and forth. It has a napkin attached to 1, so when
early twentieth century. it swings, it wipes the person's chur. Thirteen steps
tn the early 1900s, people were busy creating new make the chin clean, just by lifting a spoon!
machines to help make Ife easier and get things done Today. in memory of Rube Goldberg. The National
f a s t e r . T h e U . S Patent O f f i c e w a s t i o o d e d e v e r y R u b e G o l d b e r g M a c h i n e C o n t e s t 1s held e a c h year.
year w i t h n e w i n v e n t i o n s for a b s o l u t e l y everything, T e a m s c o m p e t e t o c r e a t e m a c h i n e s to do t h e
R u b e G o l d b e r g s a w t h e h u m o r a n d d a n g e r s in s i m p l e s t t a s k s in no less t h a n t w e n t y steps. R e c e n t
t h e n e w i n v e n t i o n s that w e r e c h a n g i n g t h e lives winning inventions have included a m a c h i n e to
o f o r d i n a r y people. A n d so, for o v e r f i f t y years, he s q u e e z e o r a n g e juice, a m a c h i n e t o t o a s t bread, a n d
d r e w c a r t o o n s that m a d e f u n of t h e n e w m a c h i n e s a m a c h i n e t o turn o f f an al arm c l o c k
He d r e w ?inventions? that used simple everyday
i t e m m s ? b u c k e t s , cups, balls, sticks, e t c ? c o n n e c t e d
to e a c h o t h e r in f u n n y w a y s t o g e t t h e s i m p l e s t task
d o n e in m a n y c o m p l i c a t e d steps. R u b e G o l d b e r g
took t h e s i m p l e s t task and, using t h e m o s t l o w - t e c h
t e c h n o l o g y , m a d e it t h e m o s t c o m p l i c a t e d task
with high-tech design His inventions became so
famous that his name has been included as a noun in
Webster's Dictionary.
G n e i n v e n t i o n , for exarnple, w a s t h e ? S e l f - O p e r a t i n g
N a p k i n , ? w h i c h a u t o m a t i c a l l y w i p e s a person?s c h i n
H e r e ' s h o w it works: A p e r s o n iifts a s o u p s p o o n to
h i s / h e r mouth. The s p o o n p u i l s a s t r i n g , w h i c h m a k e s
a larger s p o o n t h r o w a c r a c k e r t o a p a r r o t The parrot
Rube G o l d b e r g { n . } a c o m i c a l l y i n v o l v e d ,
complicated invention, laboriously
contrived to perform a simple operation
true false no i n f o r m a t i o n
In the early t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y there w e r ea lot of

d a n g e r o u s inventions.
2. Rube G o l d b e r g d e s i g n e d w a c k y inventions.
3. He w a n t e d to have his inventions patented.
His designs used n e w t e c h n o l o g y .
5. The ?Seif-Operating Napkin? was an efficient tool.
6. Rube G o l d b e r g was serious a b o u t his inventions.
High-tech inventions t h a t are too c o m p l i c a t e d are

called Rube Goldberg.
8. The inventions sent to The National Rube G o l d b e r g M a c h i n e

Contest s h o u l d n ' t take m o r e t h a n t w e n t y steps to c o m p l e t e a task.
84 UNIT 8:
18 T h i n k o f an i n v e n t i o n t h a t y o u use. In w h a t w a y s is i t u s e f u l t o y o u ? H o w w o u l d life be d i f f e r e n t
w i t h o u t it? W h a t d o y o u t h i n k p e o p l e w o u l d use o r d o i f t h a t i n v e n t i o n h a d n e v e r b e e n c r e a t e d ?
w o t s el L e e A p e e
19 C H A L L E N G E . Create a Rube G o l d b e r g m a c h i n e t h a t completes a simple t a s k in m a n y c o m p l i c a t e d

steps. D e s c r i b e t h e m a c h i n e o n a s e p a r a t e s h e e t o f Paper. You c a n a l s o d r a wa p i c t u r e o f it.
e a rere u a e
A C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s w i t h i f o ru n l e s s ,
1-
She?s n o t g o i n g to go to B r o w n University t h e y offer h e r a b i g scholarship.
2. -
[ w o u l d n ' t say t h a t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I
didn?t have the d o c u m e n t s t o Prove it.
3.
' didn?t need t h e i t e m now, I'd o r d e r it online. It?s m u c h cheaper.
4. Jan d o e s n ? t wearboots__- t h e y ? r e f r o m t h i s store.
5. Mr, W i n s t o n always eats lunch in t h e Park _ _ _ _ _ _ it?s n o t raining or c o l d .

6.
t h e y o f f e r her a really high salary, she?s not g o i n g to take t h e job.
B_ Read each p a i r o f sentences. C o m p l e t e t h e s e c o n d s e n t e n c e i n e a c h p a i r w i t h w i s h + t h e c o r r e c t

c l a u s e so t h a t i t has t h e s a m e m e a n i n g as t h e f i r s t s e n t e n c e .
1. Yesterday, |
wanted it to snow.
Yesterday, |
Wished it would snow
2. I
w a n t to arrive early t o m o r r o w .
Po
early t o m o r r o w .
3. ( s h o u l d have i n v e n t e d t h e c o m p u t e r .
the computer.
ro
4. Kevin M o r a n w a n t s to have a driver's license.
KevinMoran gg driver's license.
5. The d o c t o r w a n t s t h e p a t i e n t to start e a t i n g m o r e fruits a n d vegetables.
Thedoctor___ m o r e fruits a n d vegetables.
6. I s h o u l d n ' t have eaten so m a n y cookies lastn i g h t !
f o g m a n y cookies last n i g h t !
(nventions and Discoveries c

€ C o m p l e t e t h e p a s t u n r e a l c o n d i t i o n a l sentences, u s i n g a c t i v e o r passive f o r m s .
1. M a r k is a great s t u d e n t w h o was chosen to represent the school. tf he w e r e n ' t such
a g o o d s t u d e n t , he w o u l d n ' t h a v e b e e n c h o s e n
2. The house wasn?t d a m a g e d by t h e hurricane, so w e didn?t g e t any insurance money.
But if the house C___ s w e w o u l d have g o t t e n some money.
3. The guests aren?t d a n c i n g because t h e D| left. If the Dj hadn?t left,
the guests
4. People aren?t l o o k i n g f o r t h e treasure a n y m o r e because it?s already b e e n discovered.
If it h a d n ' t yet been discovered, p e o p l e ? its
5. They?re still t h i n k i n g of a name for t h e baby, because she hasn't b e e n g i v e n o n e yet.
Ifthe baby C C a name, they w o u l d n ' t be t h i n k i n g of one.
6. Marcia isn?t w o r k i n g f o r H u n t e r C o r p o r a t i o n because she moved o u t of t h e c o u n t r y . If she hadn?t
m o v e d o u t of t h e c o u n t r y , she _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for H u n t e r C o r p o r a t i o n .
WRITING BOOST
A Read t h e a r t i c l e . W r i t e t h e m a i n i d e a o f each p a r a g r a p h o n t h e l i n e .
H o w t o B e c o m e an I n v e n t o r
M a n y p e o p i e t h i n k that b e c o m i n g an i n v e n t o r is a s i m p l e process of three steps: having a b r i g h t

idea, researching the market f o r the idea, and t h e n selling that idea to a large c o m p a n y . It?s n o t that
simple, h o w e v e r , a n d can o f t e n b e a t i m e - c o n s u m i n g , d i f f i c u l t process. So let's take a l o o k at w h a t y o u
n e e d to d o to b e c o m e an inventor.
M a i n idea:
Every invention starts w i t h an idea. Brainstorm y o u r ideas w i t h colleagues, friends, a n d family. For
any idea t h e y like, d o research to check t h a t y o u r idea is original. D e c i d e if you w a n t to protect o r
patent y o u r idea f r o m being copied. T h i n k carefully a b o u t this, as you d o n o t w a n t to b e an i n v e n t o r
w h o says, ?He w o u l d n ? t have b e e n abie t o steal m y idea if | had p a t e n t e d it.?
M a i n idea:
So n o w y o u have the idea, what?s next? Once you settle on the idea for y o u r invention, s t u d y the
market you w a n t to sell it to. Get t o k n o w as m u c h as you can a b o u t the customers w h o will b u y y o u r
p r o d u c t . Make sure it will be p r o f i t a b l e .
M a i n idea:
Once you have identified t h e market f o r y o u r invention, w r i t e a business plan, possibly create a
s a m p l e of y o u r p r o d u c t , a n d t h e n go out and try t o sell it. This is a c h a l l e n g i n g stage because y o u
c o u l d m e e t w i t h a l o t of rejection. Keep g o i n g a n d don?t g i v e up. D o n o t lose sight of y o u r g o a l ? s e e i n g
y o u r p r o d u c t used and enjoyed by millions.
Main idea:
UNIT 8
Read t h e t w o s u m m a r y p a r a g r a p h s f o r t h e a r t i c l e i n Exercise A. C h e c k t h e o n e t h a t best
summarizes t h e article.
S u m m a r y 1: B e c o m i n g an i n v e n t o r is not as easy as it seems. It is a c o m p l e x Process t h a t involves

m a n y steps a n d takesa l o t of t i m e a n d energy. However, success will more likely c o m e to those
inventors w h o keep positive a n d never give up.
0 S u m m a r y 2: It is a l o n g a n d t i m e - c o n s u m i n g process to b e c o m e an inventor. It involves a lot of
steps: b r a i n s t o r m i n g ideas, c h e c k i n g c o m p e t i t i o n , a p p l y i n g for patents, s t u d y i n g the market, w r i t i n g
business plans, a n d t h e n g o i n g o u t a n d setling t h e idea. The latter can be d i s c o u r a g i n g at times, b u t
inventors n e e d to stay positive and n o t give up.
Read t h e a r t i c l e . W r i t e t h e m a i n i d e a o f e a c h p a r a g r a p h o n t h e line. T h e n w r i t e y o u r o w n
s u m m a r y p a r a g r a p h at t h e e n d o f t h e a r t i c l e .
G l o b a l P o s i t i o n i n g Systems
If you?ve ever said, ?I wish | k n e w w h e r e I was g o i n g ? or ?If o n l y there w e r e s o m e w a y to

f i n d this address? t h e n it m a y be time t o consider b u y i n g yourself a G l o b a l Positioning System,
o r GPS,
Main idea:
Let?s look at s o m e of t h e uses of a GPS device. Maybe you travel a lot by car and c a n n o t l o o k
at a paper m a p to f i n d y o u r w a y a r o u n d . There is a GPS for cars t h a t speaks to y o u a n d tells you
e x a c t l y h o w to g e t to y o u r d e s t i n a t i o n . Maybe y o u ' r e a g o l f e r w h o has lost his golf ball and y o u
n e e d to find it o n the field. There?s a GPS for this. H o w a b o u t you're a r u n n e r and w a n t to track
y o u r speed, distance, a n d t h e courses y o u run. Well, there?s a GPS for this, too.
Mainidea:
W h a t kinds of GPS devices are there? Well, GPS devices c o m e i n all kinds of shapes a n d sizes,
a n d are available in a v a r i e t y of prices. Some are small a n d can f i t into a pocket, a n d others are
w a t e r p r o o f . A n d f o r p e o p l e w h o d o n ' t like t o carry a n y t h i n g e x t r a w i t h them, GPS systems are
also available o n s m ar t phones.
Mainidea:
Inventions and Discoveries 37

Th
D e n m a r k is the
oldest monarchy
in t h e w o r l d ,
g o i n g back m o r e
t h a n 1,000 years.
Across
1. I n a _ _ _ , o n e person holds ail t h e p o l i t i c a l p o w e r .

3. A d e m o c r a c y , a d i c t a t o r s h i p , a n d a m o n a r c h y are three types of ? _ .
5. A _ _ _ _ establishes the basic laws of a d e m o c r a t i c c o u n t r y .
7. An _ _ _ is held so t h a t p e o p l e can choose s o m e o n e f o r an official position.
Down
l i n a , p e o p l e in the g o v e r n m e n t are elected b y citizens.
2. The activities i n v o l v e d w i t h g a i n i n g p o w e r in a country?s g o v e r n m e n t are called
4. A king or q u e e n is t h e head of g o v e r n m e n t in a ? _ .
6. Citizens i n a d e m o c r a c y ? _ _ _ to c h o o s e t h e i r leaders.
Read each p a i r o f s e n t e n c e s . W r i t e ?=? i f t h e s e n t e n c e s have t h e s a m e o r s i m i l a r m e a n i n g s .

W r i t e ?#? i f t h e m e a n i n g s a r e d i f f e r e n t .
1. Shoot. ? Ask y o u r q u e s t i o n .
2. W h a t are y o u u p to these days? ?_? W h a t are y o u d o i n g t o m o r r o w ?
3. I ' m leaning t o w a r d Smith. ? t m a y vote f o r Smith,
4, N o worries. ? i t w o u l d n ? t be a g o a d idea.
5. Let?s catch u p . ? l o f t e n talk a l o t .

3° W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s i n y o u r o w n way.
1. W h i c h kind of politics interests y o u most: local, national, o r international?W h y ?
2. How do you learn about politics?
O books Clnewspapers (Ctelevision Odiscussions Oo t h e r :
4 O r g a n i z e t h e w o r d s i n t h e b o x . W r i t e t h e m o n t h e lines, i n o r d e r . B e g i n o n t h e l e f t w i t h t h e w o r d
t h a t d e s c r i b e s a p e r s o n m o s t s u p p o r t i v e of c h a n g e ,and f i n i s h o n t h e r i g h t w i t h t h e w o r d t h a t
d e s c r i b e s a p e r s o n l e a s t s u p p o r t i v e of c h a n g e .
conservative liberal moderate radical reactionary
§ Write each w o r d from the box in Exercise 4 next to its definition below,
1 h a v i n g reasonable, not e x t r e m e political views
2. w a n t i n g to avoid afl p o l i t i c a l o r social changes
3. w a n t i n g political and social c h a n g e s t h a t g i v e p e o p l e m o r e f r e e d o m
4 w a n t i n g e x t r e m e political and social changes
5, Preferring n o t to risk political o r sociat c h a n g e s
6 Put the conversation in order. Write the n u m b e r on the line.
? ? ! h o p e it?s n o t i n a p p r o p r i a t e to ask, b u t are you a b i t reactionary?
? 1 _ W o u l d y o u m i n d if |
asked you a question?
? ? That's a g o o d q u e s t i o n ! But |
feel a tittle u n c o m f o r t a b l e discussing politics these days.
' guess you could say that.
? ? N o t a t all. W h a t d o you w a n t to k n o w ?
? ? l understand. It's k i n d of a controversial subject.
7 Circle t h e w o r d o r phrase that correctly completes each sentence.
1, W e can ask the teacher f o r a d v i c e / a d v i c e s .
2. Progress h a v e / has b e e n m a d e on this issue.
3. We n e e d to s u b m i t o u r p r o j e c t soon. T h e t i m e / T i m e is Tunning o u t .
4. Even w h e n he's very busy, he won?t ask for h e l p / a help.
5. C r i m e has / have been on the rise in o u r city for the past t w o years,
Controversial issues 89
Read e a c h s e n t e n c e . If t h e s e n t e n c e is c o r r e c t , w r i t e C. If t h e s e n t e n c e is i n c o r r e c t , w r i t e | a n d
c o r r e c t it.
1.
She loves to discuss work. ¢
2. A c a r e e r counselor can g i v e you a l o t of helpful advices. _ ] _
3. There are a lot of news t o tell y o u a b o u t ! ? _
4. D o you have times to help us? _ _ _
5. He has m a d ea l o t of progress w i t h this issue. _ _ _ _
6. G o o d i n f o r m a t i o n s are hard to find,
7. G o v e r n m e n t officials f r o m b o t h sides are m e e t i n g to discuss a peace. _ _ _
8. T h e y o r g a n i z e d a conference on children?s h e a l t h a n d e d u c a t i o n .
9. M o n e y is c o l l e c t e d t o help families living in t h e p o v e r t y .
10. W i t h o u t proofs, the police can?t arrest h i m . ? _
M a t c h each w o r d or phrase w i t h the correct definition.
? ? 1. in favor of a. have a different opinion
? ? - 2 . against b. opposed to, not supporting

? ? 3. agree €. not right |e TCO I D |
? ? . 4 . disagree d. have the same opinion

? ? 5 . wrong e. supporting, thinking H o w y o u n g i s t o oy o u n g ?
something is a good idea The ininimum driving age refers to
the youngest aye at which a person can
legally obtain a driver's license. Here are
10 Read each sentence. Write True o r False. sore minimum driving ages around.
the world. (Note that the ages shown
1. A c o n t r o v e r s i a l issue often causes disagreement
here are minimums ina country. and in,
a m o n g people.
Somte Gases, certain states oF provinces
2. If an a c t i o n is p r o h i b i t e d , t h e n it is a l l o w e d o r n a y have higher m i n i m u m ages.)
permitted,
Niger
3. If y o u l o w e r something, t h e n you reduce it o r Curacao
make it smaller. ? _ _ _ Venezuela
.
. |
Poland
4. if s o m e t h i n g is c o m p u l s o r y , it is o p t i o n a l . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Canada
USA
5. When s o eg m e t h i n g . is censored, it is n o t p e r m i t t e d a #
5
Ethiopia
because it is considered by some p e o p l e to b e offensive, 14 15.1617 18 19 20.21 22 23
m o r a l l y harmful, o r politically dangerous.
6. To raise s o m e t h i n g is t o m o v e i t t oa different,
b u t equal level.
1 Read e a c h p a i r of s e n t e n c e s . C i r c l e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r i n e a c h p a i r .
1. a. M a n a g e m e n t requires all e m p l o y e e s to a t t e n d the m e e t i n g .

b. M a n a g e m e n t requires to attend the meeting.
UNIT 9
. The arganization e n c o u r a g e s to vote in the u p c o m i n g election.
. The organization e n c o u r a g e s everyone t o vote i n the u p c o m i n g election.
. |
can?t afford t o b u y a n y t h i n g e x t r a r i g h t n o w .
. | can?t afford m e t o b u y a n y t h i n g e x t r a r i g h t now.
|.
The c i t y prohibits e v e r y o n e o v e r n i g h t p a r k i n g o n all m a j o r streets.
. The c i t y prohibits o v e r n i g h t p a r k i n g o n all m a j o r streets.
- They i n v i t e d a b a n d to play at their party.

. They i n v i t e d to play at t h e i r party.
. The c h i l d r e n can?t w a i t to o p e n presents.

. T h e c h i l d r e n can?t w a i t t h e family t o o p e n presents.
12 C o m p l e t e t h e sentences w i t h an a p p r o p r i a t e o b j e c t . W r i t e X if a n o b j e c t isn?t necessary.

1, She d e c i d e d _ _ _ _ X _ _ _ to vote f o r t h e liberal candidate.
. The managers permitted _ t h e workers _ to leave early on the holiday.

. H e i n v i t e d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to. g o t o the party.
. Experts e n c o u r a g e ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to read to children.
. The police w e r e w a r n i n g _ _ _ _ _ _ to stay a w a y from the area.
. M o s t s t u d e n t s can?t afford _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to b u yal o t of luxuries.
.
The b a b y refuses _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to eat peas a n d carrots.
.
Will you please r e m i n d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to give me t h e m o n e y t o m o r r o w ?
. Did you agree _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to p a r t i c i p a t e in t h e study?

. W h e r e can H e a r n _to knit?
13 W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s i n y o u r o w n w a y . Use v e r b s f o l l o w e d b y a n i n f i n i t i v e
o r a n o b j e c t a n d an i n f i n i t i v e .
1, W h e n | was a child, |
pretended
2 .. M y school allows
3. If | were having a party, I'd invite

4. In m y o p i n i o n , everyone deserves
14 Read t h e a r t i c l e o n p a g e 1 0 4 in t h e Student?s B o o k a g a i n . C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s . C i r c l e t h e
letter o f the correct answer,
P S
EATRA READING
COMPRENERRION 1. C o r r u p t i o n is 5
a. p e o p l e taking bribes b. p o w e r . racial discrimination
2. Poverty causes
a. p e o p l e t o earn $1.00 a day b. children to die c. bad government policies
3. Acts o f t e r r o r i s m are increasing because some p e o p l e

a, are p o o r b. use m i l i t a r y force ¢. w a t c h t o o m u c h T V
Controversial Issues 91
4. Racism i s _ _ .
a. natural b. i n t o l e r a n c e of others ¢. genocide
5. Discrimination leads to - .
a. racial minorities b, ethnic g r o u p s . unfairness towards athers
6. O n e item n o t m e n t i o n e d in t h e article as a s o l u t i o n t o c u r r e n t w o r l d p r o b l e m s is .
a. b e t t e r e d u c a t i o n a n d b. r e d u c t i o n of p o v e r t y and ?c. cross-cultural s t u d e n t
u n d e r s t a n d i n g of others exposing corruption exchanges
15 Read the blog. Then answer the questions.
ae sake k e
T o d a y ' s t o p i c : G l o b a l w a r m i n g :
Every day light from the sun warms the earth, causing it to release heat. Gases in the earth?s atmosphere?
|
mostly carbon dioxide (CO,)?stop some of the heat from escaping into space so that the earth is kept warm.
For the past 10,000 years, this heat has kept the earth at regular temperatures. However, over the past
{
100 years, scientists have noticed higher levels of CO. More CO, meats more heat, which means higher
1
t e m p e r a t u r e s on earth. W e ' v e a l r e a d y seen s o m e c o n s e q u e n c e s of g l o b a l w a r m i n g . N i n e of t h e t e n w a r m e s t
years in h i s t o r y h a v e o c c u r r e d i n the last fifteen years. C r o u n d t h a t has b e e n f r o z e n since t h e last Ice A g e is
m e l t i n g . There are m o r e hurricanes a n d catastrophic s t o r m s than ever before.
So, what do YOU think is causing global warming? What, if anything, should we do about it?
Post y o u r comment
Comments
Gloria y e s t e r d a y , 9 : 0 0 a.m.
What?s t h e b i g deal? The earth is w a r m e r b y o n l y 1
d e g r e e Fahrenheit. Talk t o me w h e n it?s 7 degrees warmer.
Brad yesterday, 9:20 A.M.

Look at the facts. Higher temperatures have already made the ice in Antarctica melt faster, causing higher sea
levels. By 2100, when the temperatures afe 7 degrees higher, many coastal areas will be flooded.
Skeptical-in-Seattle yesterday, 10:30 a.m.

Climate has changed many times in the history of our planet. tis only natural. Let?s not lose sleep over it, alright?
Kris yesterday, 12:07 p.m.

{totally disagree! Climate change i natural, but what is happening today is not! Globat warming is the fault of
everyone who drives a car, flies on a plane, builds factories, and cuts trees. All of that creates more CO,.We must +
stop damaging our planet for future generations, We must urge our government leaders to control industries t h a t ,
harm the air.
Reactionary y e s t e r d a y , 1:13 P.M.

This whole debate is useless. People who say we need to change the way we live are radicals. The earth is always
warming and cooling, We just need to accept it and learn how to live in a naturally changing climate. We could, fe
for example, build homes farther away from the water to avoid higher sea levels.
Winston y e s t e r d a y , 2 : 1 7 p.m.
The tntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported after reviewing the scientific research that it
is more than 90% certain that humans are causing global warming. Gases from cars and factories are causing
|
temperatures to rise. We need to do something betore it?s too late!
Linda y e s t e r d a y , 2 : 3 3 P.M.
HA! 90% certain leaves 10% uncertain. The IPCC report has tots of errors and is exaggerated. It isn?t only the cars
and factories that are causing global warming. What about the changes in the sun?s brightness during its 11-year
solar cycle? It causes temperatures to increase. Erupting volcanoes can produce lots of CO, too.
UNITS
»
W h a t is g l o b a l w a r m i n g ?
. W h a t are t h e effects of g l o b a l w a r m i n g ?
. W h a t did t h e IPCC?s r e p o r t say?
.
H o w m u c h has t h e t e m p e r a t u r e of t h e e a r t h i n c r e a s e d ? _ _ ?___
. W h a t are t w o possibte h u m a n causes of g l o b a l w a r m i n g ?
6. W h a t are t w o possible natural causes o f globalw a r m i n g ?
16 Read each s t a t e m e n t . W o u l d t h e b l o g g e r a g r e e o r d i s a g r e e w i t h t h e s t a t e m e n t ? C i r c l e a g r e e o r
disagree, Expiain y o u r answer.
1. Gloria w o u l d a g r e e / d i s a g r e e w i t h this statement: ?Global w a r m i n g

is n o t a p r o b l e m . ? April 22°* 1s
Earth Day. It
was first established in 1970,
2. W i n s t o n w o u l d a g r e e / d i s a g r e e w i t h this statement: ?Global
w a r m i n g is a n a t u r a l e v e n t . ? The purpose at Ubis global
holiday ts ta raise awareness o f
3. Skeptical-in-Seattle w o u l d a g r e e / d i s a g r e e w i t h this environmental problems and
s t a t e m e n t : ?Changes m u s t be made to address global issue's and to promote a healthy
warming.? ?
environment for all people,
4. Kris w o u l d a g r e e / d i s a g r e e w i t h this statement: ?Global plants, and animals. Each year
w a r m i n g is caused b y people.? on this day people rededicate
5. Linda w o u l d a g r e e / d i s a g r e e w i t h this statement: themselves to takung care of
?IPCC is a reliable source for i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t the Earth,

global warming.?
a )
17 W r i t e y o u r o w n r e s p o n s e to e a c h s t a t e m e n t . A g r e e o r d i s a g r e e a n d e x p l a i n y o u r o p i n i o n .
1. Everyone in a d e m o c r a c y should vote. It?s t h e i r e s p o n s i b i l i t y .

F O U _ That's one way to look at i t , b u It think it's each person's choice whether te vote or not. OR
Tagree with you en that one. A democracy doesn?t work if people don?t participate.
2. Sometimes c a p i t a l p u n i s h m e n t isn e c e s s a r y .
3. Alt s t u d e n t s s h o u l d be r e q u i r e d to w e a r uniforms t o school.
4. The w o r l d w o u l d be a b e t t e r place if all c o u n t r i e s w e r e democracies.
Controversial Issues
18 W r i t e a l e t t e r t o y o u r n e w s p a p e r e d i t o r p r e s e n t i n g y o u r v i e w s o n o n e o f t h e issues b e l o w .
* censorship of video games

* p r o h i b i t i n g s m o k i n g in p u b l i c places
* raising the d r i v i n g age to 21

a n o t h e r i m p o r t a n t issue in this c o u n t r y
tor a e e a
A C o m p l e t e each p h r a s e w i t h t h e c o r r e c t u n i t e x p r e s s i o n f r o m t h e b o x .
act bowl piece pot slice year
1. a(n) _ _ _ _ o f news. 4. a(n) _ _ _ _ _ of peace
2. a(n) _ _ _ _ of tea S. a(n) _ _ _ _ _ _ of a p p l e p i e
3. a(n) _ _ _ _ _ of rice 6. a(n} _ _ _ _ of violence
B Circle t h e w o r d o r phrase t h a t correctly completes each sentence.
Sandra Jensen w a n t e d to w o r k i n t h e g o v e r n m e n t to make sure t h a t j u s t i c e s a r e / j u s t i c e is served.
. People w h o w a n t to be lawyers s t u d y laws / l a w in school.
. ( g o t m y hairs / h a i r cut at a new salon last w e e k .
. You shouldn?t eat t o o m u c h s u g a r / m a n y s u g a r s if y o u ' r e t r y i n g to loose w e i g h t .
. The United Nations w o r k s f o r p e a c e s / p e a c e in c o u n t r i e s all o v e r the w o r l d .
. Over time, the l i g h /t l i g h t s f r o m t h e sun can c h a n g e the color of fabrics.

.
M e d i c i n e is / M e d i c i n e s a r e a v e r y interesting b u t difficult field.
.
In some parts of the w o r l d , c o f f e e is / c o f f e e s a r e m o r e p o p u l a r t h a n t e a/ teas.
C C o m p i e t e each s e n t e n c e w i t h a g e r u n d o r a n i n f i n i t i v e . W h e n e i t h e r a g e r u n d o r an i n f i n i t i v e is
correct, fill in the blank w i t h both forms.
|
1. O n weekends,
? enjoy ? late.
sleep
2. Some p e o p i e don?t like ?= a b o u t politics.
a
3. Jerome d e c i d e?d ? | ? his father's advice.

take
4 movies is o n e of my favorite activities.
?Watch
5. You s h o u l d avoid ? ? tal

on the p h o n e w h e n you drive.
6. I w o u l d like _ _ _ _ _ _ f o r t h e g o v e r n m e n t w h e nI f i n i s h college.
work
94 UNITS
7. y, is i m p o r t a n t if y o u w a n t to make a difference.
fote
8. Nate will c o n t i n u e [ = m e d i c i n e next year.

study
9. Tom expects _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h o m e b y eight.
D W H A T A B o u T Y o u ? C o m p l e t e each s e n t e n c e i n y o u r o w n w a y . Use a g e r u n d o r an i n f i n i t i v e .
1. [don?t m i n d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ even t h o u g hal o t of p e o p l e don?t like it.

|
2. Sometime in m y life w o u l d like
3. I g e n e r a l l y try t o avoid
.
W h e n I?m on vacation, | usually feet like
.
In the future, |
hope
.
For many people, it?s very d i f f i c u l t t o q u i t
. Ifidecided w o u l d have to t h i n k about it a l o t first.
. t r e a l l y hate
WRITING BOOSTER
A Read t h e w o r d s a n d e x p r e s s i o n s . Circle t h e ones t h a t i n t r o d u c e c o n t r a s t i n g ideas.
1. a s . . . a s 2. in m y o p i n i o n 3. in c o n t r a s t 4, even t h o u g h
5. o n the o t h e r h a n d 6. nevertheless 7. for instance 8. h o w e v e r
9. o n t h e o n e h a n d 10, t o m e , 11. in favor of 12. n o m a t t e r w h a t
B Read t h e issues l i s t e d b e l o w . C h o o s e o n e issue a n d u n d e r l i n e it. T h e n , in t h e c h a r t , w r i t e t h r e e

a r g u m e n t s i n f a v o r o f i t ( p r o s ) a n d t h r e e a r g u m e n t s a g a i n s t i t (cons).
Issues:
* P r o h i b i t i n g s t u d e n t s to use cell phones in class

* B a n n i n g certain books f r o m school libraries
* Censorship of v i o l e n t movies
Pros Cons
C Ona s e p a r a t e s h e e t o f paper, w r i t e at least t w o p a r a g r a p h s a b o u t t h e issue y o u chose i n Exercise B.
I n c t u d e b o t h t h e p r o s a n d t h e cons o f t h e issue. Use t h e e x p r e s s i o n s f o r i n t r o d u c i n g c o n t r a s t i n g

ideas y o u i d e n t i f i e d i n Exercise A.
Controversial Issues 95
i s
,a l Beautiful World f i
1. C o m p l e t e t h e m a p o f S o u t h A m e r i c a . Use t h e i n f o r m a t i o n u n d e r t h e m a p t o l a b e l t h e places.
W r i t e t h e l e t t e r o n t h e tine.
2.
a i
1. renezeta GUYANA
Georgeowne SURINAME
Pacific ? P a r a m* PRENCH GUIANA
Ocean
ECUADOR ¢
Quite
Amaram Hover
PERU
ima BRAZIL -
im a
6. a ?
p g BOLIVIA
& Sante cur
Ande * PARAGUAY | °
Meen&
im Macrae
cute f ° ade
N sain < . Moninideo 600 m.
{as Af Bucnos Aires URUGUAY 600 ken
ARGENTINA
Ae mountamn range
o N
. Caracas is t h e capital city of Venezuela.

. Rio de Janeiro is a city in Brazil.
. Brasilia is t h e capital of Brazil.
|.
Lake Titicaca is on the border of Bolivia and Peru.
. Bogota is the capital of Colombia.
. The Atlantic Ocean is east of S o u t h A m e r i c a .
2 L o o k at t h e m a p a g a i n a n d a n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s .
1, N a m e t h e c a p i t a l of Ecuador.
2. Paramaribo is the capital of w h i c h S o u t h A m e r i c a n country?
3. N a m eac i t y in Bolivia t h a t is n o t the c a p i t a l city.
4, W h a t is t h e capital of Uruguay?
5. In w h i c h m o u n t a i n r a n g e is Santiago located?
6. Buenos Aires is t h e capital city of w h i c h c o u n t r y ?
7. W h i c h t w o South American c o u n t r i e s d o n o t share a b o r d e r w i t h an ocean o r sea?

and
3 W H A T A B O U T YOU? N a m e t h e f o l l o w i n g g e o g r a p h i c a l features o f y o u r c o u n t r y .
1. c a p i t a l city
2 . a n o t h e r city
3. border countries
4. a b o d y of w a t e r
5. a n o t h e r geographical feature
4 Circle t h e best response t o each q u e s t i o n .
1. ?Is it w o r t h seeing??
a. ?Yes, y o u should d e f i n i t e l y go.? b. ?No, y o u don?t w a n t t o miss it.?
2. ?Should w e drive up to see N u n o b i k i Waterfall i n Kiwa Town??
a. ?No, it?s w o r t h seeing.? b. ?Yes, it?s spectacular!?
3. ?Have y o u e v e r seen the volcanoes o n Reunion Island??
a. ?t can?t say | have.? b. ?What a coincidence!?
4. ?Get a l o o k at t h e m o u n t a i n s w h i l e you're there.?

a. ?Thanks, w e ' l l take it slow.? b. ?Thanks f o r the suggestion.?
5. ?Is t h a t schedule d o a b l e i n o n e w e e k ? "
a. ? I U be busy, b u t you can h a n d l e it.? b. ?Yes, it?s w o r t h seeing.?
5 Complete the reading w i t h in, on, o r of.
PORTUGAL
Portugal is a n a t i o n s o u t h w e s t e r n Europe, a n d is ? _ the
w e s t e r n coast ? ? the iberian Peninsula. Spain is b o t h n o r t h a n d w e s t

z P o r t u g a l , w h i c h is o n t h e A t l a n t i c O c e a n .
There are m a n y m o u n t a i n s ranges ? ? ? t h e n o r t h , b u t t h e largest and highest
m o u n t a i n r a n g e i n the c o u n t r y , Serra da Estrela, is located t h e central region

o f the country.
The capital city, Lisbon, is ? _ - ? - t h e w e s t coast ? ? Portugal. It is also

located ? _ ? - the Tajo River, w h i c h is the longest river inP o r t u g a l .
The city of Porto is located

? s r ? the D o u r o River, which
? is r ? the north.
Beautiful World 37
L o o k a t t h e m a p . C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s i n y o u r o w n way.
GERMANY
Basel
FRANCE Zurich StGalle
weenares AUSTRIA
oNeuehiren S I I T Z E R L A
elnterlaken Chur ok joste
Lausanne Grindelwald St Moritz /
ITALY
is/are in
is/are s o u t h w e s t of
ison
is/are located o n
is/are n o r t h of
is/are located to
+ Switzerland has a population of approximately eight million people?

+ Switzerland has four official languages (German, French, Italian, and Romansh)?
+ The Swiss flag is square, not rectangular?
+ Many mountains in the Swiss Alps are over 4000 meters high?
W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? D e s c r i b e t h e l o c a t i o n o f y o u r c i t y o r t o w n i n r e l a t i o n t o s o m e o t h e r places.
Use p r e p o s i t i o n s o f g e o g r a p h i c a l place.
1.
2.
3.
UNIT 10
8 Read each conversation. Answer the question. Check Yes or No.
1. Jeremy: What did you think of the trip to the waterfalls?

Erin: |
thought it was a waste of time.
Should Jeremy go on the trip? Oves ONo
2 . Bethany: We m i g h t go to W o n d e r W o r l d . Do you think we shoutd go?

Carl: Oh, you don?t want to miss it.
Does Carl think Bethany should go to Wonder World? Oves ONo
3. Adam: ? What do you think of that new science fiction movie?

Mark: It?s a must-see.
Did Mark like the movie? Yes [INo
4. Chad: Have you heard a n y t h i n g a b o u t t h e n e w e s t Las Vegas hotel?

Valerie: |
hear it?s overrated.
Does Valerie t h i n k the hotel is great? Oyves ONeo
5. Sarah: I?m t h i n k i n g of taking the train to Pinewood. Have you ever been there?
Jennifer; Yes. Be sure to see it.
Does j e n n i f e r t h i n k Sarah s h o u l d g o to P i n e w o o d ? Oves ONo
9 C o m p l e t e t h e conversations in your o w n way.
1. Y o u r f r i e n d : I?m t h i n k i n g a b o u t g o i n g o n vacation. D o y o u have any r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s ?

Yes! Don?t miss
Your friend: Why's thal?
2. Your f r i e n d : W h a t d o y o u t h i n k a b o u t
Well, |
t h i n k it?s overrated.
Y o u r f r i e n d : Really? W h y d o y o u say t h a t ?
our
10 C o m p l e t e t h e s i g n w i t h t h e c o r r e c t w o r d s f r o m t h e b o x . You w i l l n o t use alt o f t h e w o r d s .
cave fogay
( A ) Aitention All Hikers: Hiking is great exercise, and it can be a lot of fun cliff path
But hiking can also be d a n g e r o u s Follow these rules to stay safe dangerous rocky
dark slippery
*®
Take plenty of food and water. This is a long hike, and it con
exhausting steep
be _ _ _ _ . You'll need food to give you energy
* If you hike in the evening, take @
Rashlight. I you're
© Don't ever go into ? _ Animals might be not back before itgets.. you'lt
living there, and they'll fight to protect their territory need it fo find your way back
© Be careful if you hike early in the morning. Sometimes * Be careful in the winter. The paths can get icy, and
ifs _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and it can be difficult to see then they're really
Beautiful World
M1 Look a t the pictures. Check t h e sentence t h a t m a t c h e s each p i c t u r e .
D the path can be It?s really dark. This path is 0 The path is really
v e r y slippery. C1 itcan be quite exhausting. rocky.
O w o w ! This is fogay. O The ctiff is C1 It?s really dark.
steep! e x t r e m e l y high.
12 L o o k a t t h e p i c t u r e s a n d a n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s . Use t o o + a n a d j e c t i v e a n d a n i n f i n i t i v e .
1,
W h y doesn?t he w a n t to g o 2. W h y can?t he read this w h o l e 3. W h y isn?t she g o i n g to wear
swimming? ? ? ? _ _ b o o k today? ? _ _ this dress?
4. W h y don?t they see Shark 5. W h y isn?t he sleeping? 6. W h y don?t they keep
Attack? walking?
100 UNIT 10
13 Complete the sentences, using too + an adjective and an infinitive. Add a for phrase where
necessary.
1. This bag is
Reavy / me/ carry
2. . T h e m o n u m e n t s y o u w a n t to see aren?t
steep/ climb
3.
. Jessica is
young / vote
4. The t r i p to France is
expensive / my friends / afford
5. »
This concert is going to be
?good / us / miss
6.
. Lwas my homework last night.
sleepy /finish
14 Rewrite each pair of sentences using too + an infinitive and a forp h r a s e .

1. The path is very slippery. Don?t walk on it.
The path is too slippery f o r you to walk on.
2. That sweater is q u i t e expensive. She s h o u l d n ' t b u y it.
3. It?s not v e r y late. You can call M a t t now.
4. W's so hot. | couldn?t possibly d r i n k coffee!
5. T h a t m o v i e is v e r y v i o l e n t . B e v e r l y c a n ? t see it.
6. It?s 9:00, a n d t h e m o v i e is at 9:15. W e won?t g e t t o t h e theater o n time.
15 Circte t h e w o r d o r phrase t h a t best c o m p l e t e s each conversation.
1, A: Can y o u tell m e t h e w a y to t h e beach?
B: N o t a t all. / Yes, it?s t h a t w a y .
2. A: Be careful at the beach. The water can be/ isn?t really dangerous.
B: OK, thanks.
3. A: The u n d e r t o w is d a n g e r o u s / t o o c o l d .
B: I'll be careful.
4. A: You need to be careful.
B: Thanks f o r the r i s k / w a r n i n g .
Beautiful World 1
16 L a b e l t h e d r a w i n g w i t h t h e w o r d s in t h e b o x . W r i t e t h e c o r r e c t n o u n s o n t h e s o l i d lines. W r i t e t h e
c o r r e c t a d j e c t i v e s o n t h e d o t t e d lines.
[ t a t forest hitly island mountainous valtey ]
2 . _ _
7 M a t c h each w o r d to t h e correct d e f i n i t i o n or description.
? 1 arid a. an area of tower land between two mountains or hills
a canyon b. a piece of land t h a t is c o m p l e t e l y s u r r o u n d e d by w a t e r
flat c. very dry, receiving very little rain
. a forest |.
a thick forest w i t h m a n y large plants a n d tall trees g r o w i n g very
close t o g e t h e r , usually in an area t h a t receives a l o t of rain
»
an island
e. havinga l o t of healthy plants
. ajungle
f. s m o o t h and level, w i t h o u t h i g h e r o r l o w e r areas
lush
.
very impressive
. avalley
.
a d e e p valley w i t h very steep sides o f rock t h a t usually has a river
. spectacular f u n n i n g t h r o u g h it
|.
a large area of land that is covered w i t h trees
18 W H A T A B O U T Y O U ? W r i t e t h e n a m e s of places y o u k n o w f o r e a c h of t h e f o l l o w i n g n a t u r a l s e t t i n g s .
1. a spectacular place:
2. a m o u n t a i n o u s place:
3. acanyon:
4. anisland:
5. an arid place:
102 UNIT 10
19
M a t c h e a c h p e r s o n t o t h e s e n t e n c e t h a t b e s t d e s c r i b e s h i m o rh e r .
1. ?I'd like t o l e a r n m o r e a b o u t t h e
r e l a t i o n s h i p s b e t w e e n plants, animals,
a n g t h e c o n d i t i o n s t h e y live in.?
2. ?I help p e o p l e f i n d a l t e r n a t i v e
ways t o h e a t t h e i r homes.? _ _
3. ?I w a n t t o m a k e s u r e t h a t
h u m a n s don?t r u i n t h e e a r t h ' s
clean air a n d w a t e r . ? _ _ _
4. ?L have a business t h a t sells

environmentally-friendly
r e f r i g e r a t o r s a n d air
conditioners."
. This p e r s o n is interested in the e n v i r o n m e n t .
. This person is interested in p r e v e n t i n g p o l l u t i o n .
- This person is interested in r e n e w a b l e energy.
. This person is interested in e n e r g y efficiency.
20
Read t h e a r t i c l e Choose C l e a n Energy a n d H e l p Curb G l o b a l W a r m i n g o n p a g e 118 i n t h e S t u d e n t ' s
B o o k a g a i n . C h e c k t r u e , false, o r
c S .
FM tetas
true false no information

1. Oil, coal, a n d natural gas are e x a m p l e s of fossil fuets t h a t
increase g l o b a l w a r m i n g . Oo
oO
o
2. Taking care of y o u r car tires can help the e n v i r o n m e n t
a n d your budget.
3. Incandescent l i g h t b u l b s use less e l e c t r i c i t y t h a n

f l u o r e s c e n t bulbs.
4. Foods w i t h pesticides are b a d for y o u r health
5. G l o b a l w a r m i n g is responsible for e x t r e m e changes in

t h e weather.
6. W i n d and solar p o w e r are r e n e w a b l e e n e r g y

alternatives to fossil fuels.
Beautiful World 163

21 M a t c h t h e b e g i n n i n g o f each s e n t e n c e o n t h e l e f t w i t h t h e b e s t e n d i n g o n t h e r i g h t . Use t h e
i n f o r m a t i o n in t h e R e a d i n g o n p a g e 118 i n t h e Student?s B o o k .
caraisecd ? ? 1. A n i n c r e a s e i n C O , . . . a. causes f l o o d i n g .
? ? 2. Energy-efficient appliances. .
. b. reduces p o l l u t i o n b y 70 to 9 0 % .
? ? 3. C o m p a c t fluorescent bulbs. . . ¢. c o n t r i b u t e s to g l o b a l w a r m i n g .
? ? 4, Recycling... d. take steps t o c u r b global w a r m i n g .
? ? 5. Rise in sea levels. .. e. save electricity.
? ? 6. P e o p l e c a n . . . f. cut d o w n electricity use by 25%.
22 Read a b o u t t h e R a i n f o r e s t F l y w a y C o m p a n y . T h e n c i r c l e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e a n s w e r t h a t b e s t
c o m p l e t e s each s e n t e n c e .
On tne Flyway you'll expenence over 75 kilometers of

lying sainfurest while learning about this spectacular place.
O05 yuu knew that Austtaha?s rainforests are home to over
3. UHL
Uitferent plant species? And some of the lees here are
inote than $ 0 0 years old! After this visit you'll understand
D y 1s Su aiportant to preserve the rainforests And you'll
see thal environmentally responsible travel can be fun.
enue ahona: and brealhlaking
Eve if youre a world traveler, you've never expenenced

anything hike the Ramforest Flyway. You'll start your unique
jeatny, abuve the raitorest, as you ?fly? ina comfortable
gortsa only a lew meters above the trees Sit back and
eryory the exteanrfnary scenery You will be amazed at the
Dreatntaseigly ooh anu lush follaye, And rest ayoured, there
was ny darraye done lo the rainforest ecology during the
canstructen of your gondola That's why the development of
the Flyway tok over 40 months to complete!
Your gondota will bring you down into the ramforest itself,
where you follow a path ty see hear, and smell the rainforest
enwronment trom the ground Free tours are available several
times a day Tour guides can point out some unusual plants,
Come?tly? over the rainforest! vost jese welt interesting facts about rainforest ecology,
Am ANSE? yOUF QUESTIONS.

Well take your breath away! Yuur Ramntoresi Flyway experience fasts 90 minutes
and ends in the small town of Kuranda. just 25 kilometers
nosthwest of Caroy Here, you can continue your eco-tour
L o c a t e d in Cairns, Australia, Rainforest
witha visit (o the protected areas that 2.000 tropical butterflles
F l y w a y is a w o r l d l e a d e r in e c o t o u r i s m . W e cal? home You can also buy orqinat arts and cratts made
take our g u e s t s o n a breathtaking ?flight? by the people of Kuranda And if that isn?t enough, you can
cantare on to the widite reserves located a short
o v e r rainforest trees and straight into the 9 ktometers west of Kuranda to see anunals from ail parts
heart of the rainforest for an unforgettabie of the world
experience.
Rannforest Flyway has wan numerous awards. including
Travel Planet magazine's ?Best Ecotoursm Destination.? Call
OF venil US OlNE to Make your reservations.
104 UNIT 10
1. O n this trip, y o u can learn about _ _ .
a. some great ecotourism destinations
b. tour guides
¢. the e c o l o g y of Australia?s rainforests
2. A g o n d o l a is _ _ .
a. a r a i n f o r e s t animal
b. a person w h o leads the t o u r
© a t y p e of t r a n s p o r t a t i o n
3. O n this trip, quests _____ into the rainforest.

a. don?t go
b . are l o w e r e d
c. are raised
4. Rainforest Flyway e n c o u r a g e s guests to _ _ _ _ .

a. f o l l o w a p a t h to e x p l o r e t h e rainforest
b. make a n e w p a t h in the rainforest
c. take a s o u v e n i r f r o m t h e rainforest
5. Tour guides can

a. give y o u souvenirs
b. make reservations f o r you
¢. teach you a b o u t t h e rainforest
6. The rainforest has .

a. m a n y types of arts a n d crafts
b. 3,000 different types of plants
¢. 2 , 0 0 0 different types of tropical butterflies
23 Read the article again and answer the questions.

1. How tong is the Rainforest Flyway tour?
2. W h o can answer q u e s t i o n s about the rainforest?
3. H o w can y o u make plans t o visit t h e Rainforest Flyway?

4.. W h e r e is the w i l d l i f e reserve?
e a e a d s1e,eo1Fas
A Correct the capitalization.

u N . O N Y C¢
1. the headquarters of the-tnited a t i o n s are located in Rewy o r k i t y .
2. the novel dracula, by irish author bram stoker, was first published in great britain in 1897.
3. i n canada, t h a n k s g i v i n g is celebrated o n the second m o n d a y in october. b u t in the u n i t e d states, t h e

h o l i d a y is celebrated o n t h e f o u r t h t h u r s d a y of n o v e m b e r .
4. t h e b e g i n n i n g of t h e m i d d i e ages is o f t e n called the dark ages. b y this t i m e t h e great civilizations of

greece and rome had fallen, a n d life in e u r o p e was v e r y hard.
3. cityo f g o d is a brazilian m o v i e a b o u t life in one p a r t of rio de janeiro, The m o v i e is inp o r t u g u e s e .
Beautiful World 105

C o m p l e t e t h e sentences. W r i t e t h e if it?s n e c e s s a r y o r X i f i t isn?t.
1. Several international organizations, such as the _ World Health Organization, and

I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o m m i t t e e o f t h e R e d C r o s s h a v e t h e i r h e a d q u a r t e r s in G e n e v a . T h i s c i t y is i n t h e
w e s t e r n p a r t of _ _ _ Switzerland o n Lake Geneva.
. ? ? Roman Empire reached its m o s t p o w e r f u l p o i n t in the year 116. At this time, m u c h of _ _ _
E u r o p e , _ _ _ _ Asia, a n d p a r t s o f A f r i c a w e r e u n d e r Rome?s c o n t r o l .
? ? - Caspian Sea is the largest lake in t h e w o r i d . It is a saltwater lake t h a t is s u r r o u n d e d by _ _ _
Kazakhstan, ? _ . Turkmenistan, Iran, Azerbaijan, a n d _ _ _ _ Russia. The targest fresh
w a t e r lake is _ _ _ _ Lake Superior, w h i c h is located o n t h e b o r d e r b e t w e e n _ _ _ Canada a n d _ _ _
U n i t e d States.
The explorer M a r c o Poto is o f t e n c r e d i t e d w i t h i n t r o d u c i n g pasta f r o m _ _ _ _ C h i n a to his native
c o u n t r y ? _ _ Italy. A l t h o u g h this fact is debatable, it is k n o w n t h a t Marco Polo did travel to _____ Far
East and is responsible f o r s o m e of the first i n t r o d u c t i o n s of eastern c u l t u r e to _ _ _ West.
Can you name t h e tallest m o u n t a i n in t h e w o r l d ? You've p r o b a b l y learned that it?s _ _ _ _ Mount.
Everest (8,850 meters tall) in _ _ _ Himalaya Mountains. The t o p of this m o u n t a i n is t h e highest
p o i n t o n earth. But d i d you k n o w t h a t there is a n o t h e r m o u n t a i n t h a t is a c t u a l l y taller? its name is
? ? _ M a u n a Kea, a n d i t ' s l o c a t e d i n Pacific Ocean. This m o u n t a i n is 9,750 meters tail f r o m its
b o t t o m to its top. But since the b o t t o m o f this m o u n t a i n is on the ocean floor, it doesn?t reach as
h i g h as M o u n t Everest.
? ? G u l f o f Aqaba is in _ _ M i d d l e East. It separates _ _ _ _ Sinai Peninsula, w h i c h is p a r t of ? . _ _
Egypt, f r o m _ _ _ _ K i n g d o m of Saudi Arabia.
C i r c l e t h e c o r r e c t p r e p o s i t i o n of place.
B a n g k o k is o n / in / o f t h e c o u n t r y o f Thailand.
H o n o l u l u is o n / i n / o f the island of O a h u o n / i n / o f t h e state of Hawaii.
Which c o u n t r y is n o r t h on / i n / o f Namibia?
The Philippines are islands o n/ i n / o f t h e Pacific Ocean, to the n o r t h o n/ i n / o f Malaysia.
Senegal is o n / in/ o f the w e s t coast of Africa.
Finland is east o n / i n / o f Sweden a n d N o r w a y .
C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s i n y o u r o w n w a y . Use a n i n f i n i t i v e o r an a d j e c t i v e + a n i n f i n i t i v e .
1, Your health is t o o _ i m p o r t at not ignore
2, F i v e o ? c l o c k i n t h e e v e n i n g isn?t late e n o u g h
3. Designer c l o t h e s are t o o
4. is a m o v i e that?s n o t g o o d e n o u g h
5. Chifdren at f o u r t e e n are t o o
6. These shoes are too
7 isn?t b i g e n o u g h
8 . is p r e t t y e n o u g h
106 UNIT 10
C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s , u s i n g t o o o r e n o u g h a n d t h e a d j e c t i v e a n d an i n f i n i t i v e .
1, The path to the volcano is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ if you?re not wearing good shoes.

tocky / walk on
2. The water isn?t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because of the sharks.
safe7 swim
3. The waterfall is
?spectacular
/ miss
4. Tom's daughter is hiking with us.
vid 7 go
5. It?s _ _ _ . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on the path because it?s very slippery.
dangerous /run
6. The waterfall is _ . . . . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to fram the beach.
clase / watk
7. That cliff is
steep / climb
8. The waves a r e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ _ _ ? S s ? _ s _ _ , b u t the u n d e r t o w is dangerous.
big /surl
WRITING BOOSTER
A L o o k a t t h e m a p o f S o u t h A f r i c a . C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s w i t h t h e p h r a s e s f r o m t h e b o x . You w i l l
n o t use a l l t h e phrases.
Johannesburas
Vereeng.nge
Goou Hope Cage Aguinas
a l o n g t h e coast along the river at t h e e n d o f
in t h e c e n t e r o f s o u t h of to the n o r t h of
1. Johannesburg is located _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the c a p i t a l city of Pretoria.
2. The Indian Ocean is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t h e O r a n g e River, the longest river i n S o u t h Africa.
3, South Africa is the c o u n t r y of Namibia.
4. B l o e m f o n t e i n is a l m o s t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the c o u n t r y .
5. are Cape o f G o o d Hope a n d Cape Agulhas.
Beautiful Wortd 107

L o o k a t t h e s e p i c t u r e s o f S o u t h A f r i c a . W r i t e t h r e e s e n t e n c e s t o d e s c r i b e each place.
Use g e o g r a p h i c n o u n s a n d a d j e c t i v e s a n d p r e p o s i t i o n s of p l a c e t o p r o v i d e d e t a i l s .
. af e e a
u g
> p o e
* ¢ 1
.
Pot same M g
e r e ererenaraas
C a p e Town K r u g e r National Park
1. 1
2. 2,
3. 3.
- l a ae
Drakensberg Mountains Durban
1 1
2. 2.
3. 3.
t m a g i n e y o u a r e o n v a c a t i o n i n S o u t h A f r i c a a n d y o u a r e w r i t i n g a l e t t e r a b o u t t h e places y o u ' v e
seen. C h o o s e t w o p l a c e s f r o m Exercise B a n d d e s c r i b e t h e m o n a s e p a r a t e s h e e t o f p a p e r . I n c l u d e
t h e l o c a t i o n , d e s c r i p t i o n s o f g e o g r a p h i c a l f e a t u r e s , a n d w h a t a p e r s o n c o u l d d o t h e r e . Use t h e
m a p i n Exercise A a n d y o u r s e n t e n c e s i n Exercise 8. Here is a l s o s o m e a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n
a b o u t e a c h place y o u c a n use.
€€ Cape Town is often very windy.99 @& Kruger National Park is flat
in some places and hilly and
.
mountainous in most parts.39
66 It can be foggy and slippery in
the Drakensberg Mountains. 39 [ f i t tends to be extremely
humid in Durban, 9F
108 UNIT 10

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Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc.

N o p a r t of this p u b l i c a t i o n m a y b e r e p r o d u c e d , s t o r e d in a retrieval system, o r t r a n s m i t t e d i n a n y f o r m o r

Pearson Education, 10 B a n k Street, W h i t e Plains, NY 1 0 6 0 6 USA

S t a f f c r e d i t s : The p e o p l e w h o m a d e up t h e Top Notch t e a m are Pietro A l o n g i , Rhea Banker, Peter Benson,

UNIT1 Make Small Talk............cccecssseceececseeeeeseveusavensesensa

UNIT 2 Health Matters. . . . . . . . . . 00. ccccscececcesassessccecescteneaecnenes

UNIT 3 Getting Things Done . . . . . . . . . . 000... c c e c e e e c e e c e ecee

UNIT 4 Reading for Pleasure ..........0....ccceceseaseeneceeavtussanenee

UNIT 5 Natural Disasters. . . . . . . . . . . 0. ..ccc ces ccaeceeeecesaseesusaeraeeeve

UNIT 6 Life Plans....... 6. cece cece ec ecceceeeeeeaseneeeeneeenesatentees

UNIT 7 Holidays and Traditions..............0..0.cceeceesaeceseeeeen

UNITS Inventions and Discoveries ..............ccsesenececececcacnseeee

UNIT 10 Beautiful World ..............0.cccceseeeecneeeeenseeeeeseeeraee

TIPS ON BUSINESS ETIQUETTE ? e 3 > 4

fn m a j o r c i t e s . b u s i n e s s c l o t h i n g 1s usually f o r m a l Blue, black. o r g r a y s u i t s a r e

B u s i n e s s c o n v e r s a t i o n s o f t e n t a k e place d u r i n g m e a l s The m e a l s a r e a t i m e t o relax,

Eye contact 1s very i m p o r t a n t Always look at everyone in your conversation group.

. W h i l e y o u ' r e m e e t i n g w i t h a client, the CEO of y o u r c o m p a n y

. You are meeting with a g r o u p of f o u r people. While speaking,

1. Nice to m e e t y o u . a. N o t really. People t e n d to be m o r e formal here.

2. W h a t is t h e c u s t o m here? b. Please cai! m e by m y n i c k n a m e .

3. H o w w o u l d you like t o b e called? _ _ c. Nice t o m e e t y o u , t o o .

4. Are m o s t p e o p l e ona first-name basis?______ d._ N o n e e d t o be so formal. Please cal! m e Robert.

5. Nice to m e e t y o u , M r . Reston. e. I?m n o t sure, It?s p r o b a b l y best t o w a t c h w h a t

2. W h a t d o y o u like to be called by your f r i e n d s ?

3. W h a t d o you prefer t o b e called by y o u r colleagues o r classmates?

4 Put t h e conversation in the c o r r e c t order. W r i t e t h e n u m b e r on the line.

? ? Hil It?s a great day, isn?t it?

? ? Nice t o m e e t you, too. W o u l d it b e rude t o call you Joe?

? ? I t r e a i l y is. A l l o w m e to i n t r o d u c e myself. I?m A m a n d a Decker.

? ? A b s o l u t e l y not. Please do.

? ? - I?m Joe Hanson. It?s nice t o m e e t y o u .

. You learned Japanese in school, _ _ _ ?

The p r o g r a m in Bali wasn?t very successful, _ _ _ ?

. T h e r e weren?t a lot o f p e o p l e at t h e conference, _ . _ _ ?

1 You t h i n k y o u r f r i e n d g o t a g o o d grade o n h e r science test.

?She _ _ _ _ _ _ g e t _ a g o o d g r a d e on her science test, d i d n ? t she 2?

- You see t w o p e o p l e t a l k i n g , b u t y o u don?t t h i n k t h a t t h e y k n o w each other.

. W h e n y o u g e t to class, y o u t h i n k y o u r f r i e n d D i a n e hasn?t g o t t e n there yet.

?Diane _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ here yet,

Name: Allison McFarland f 1 !

Preferred title: ms. f h ? ?

Place of birth: Hong kon A n e

1. You'reAllison McFarland, aren't you?

someone?s marital status oO

Make Small Talk 3

12:00 travel to Copenhagen 9:00 read TechServe report

8 : 3 0 have meeting with Computech 8 : 0 0 have meehng with Nelson Company

9:00 H y to Brussels relax ail afternoon! exercise In morning

. By 5 : 0 0 P.m. o n M o n d a y , Ken t o Copenhagen.

4 Ken _ _ _ _ _ the results of t h e Nelson C o m p a n y m e e t i n g at 2 : 0 0 o n Friday.

Ken _ _ _ _ _ _ a l l week b e f o r e h e was able to relax on Saturday.

_ d the meeting with TechServe.

3, Ken _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the TechServe r e p o r t w h e n he had t h e m e e t i n g w i t h TechServe.

4. Ken _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the meeting w i t h Nelson C o m p a n y w h e n he h a d t h e meeting w i t h

. A t 8 : 0 0 o n Saturday, Ken to the movies w i t h Tania.

1, ?By 9 : 0 0 I h a d already b o u g h t my books.? 3. ? W h e n I g o t to class, | hadn?t eaten yet.?

12 W H A T A B O U T YOU? C o m p l e t e t h e sentences in y o u r o w n way.

1, W h e nf l e f t the house this m o r n i n g , !

2. At 8 : 0 0 today, I hadn?t yet

About how to get alang N ~

well as many government that remind people

Make Smaul Talk