Week 6-7-8-9-10 Second law: Heat cannot flow from colder body to a

hotter body, only to higher temp to a lower temp.

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Conversion of heat is irreversible.
RA 9297 Chemical Engineering Law Roles of Engineers

Notebook sa CPI (for note taking and assignment)
2 topics (industrial plant) per presentation and 2
researches in manufacturing
 for Research: Soap and detergent, paint, oil,
wine, paper
 choose only 2 industries in the syllabus
 proposal for research, authentic title and
problem
Outline for presentation:
 Design and develop new systems and processes
 Improve existing systems and processes
Things to consider:
1. Sources of the required raw materials and preferred
sources
2. Factors that governs the extent of reaction (pressure,
temp, ratio of reactants)
3. Energy required for the process

 title
 objective of presentation
 definition, history, classification, uses and
application of product
 identify the industries in Ph
 properties of materials
 manufacturing process in the industries
Systems:
Open
 control volume; involves mass flow
 mass and energy can cross through or exchange
in the system and surrounding

Closed
PhyChem 2 Lab
Group 1:  no mass can leave, only energy
 Abordo Isolated
 Dacasin
 Logronio  no mass and energy can leave
 Oballes
 Rivera
 Villa
Properties of a System
Experiment 1 (gawin na agad)
- Thermodynamic system may consist of many species
Quiz next-next week (Oct 20)
- Predicting the state of system when conditions of
Isotheniscope Method by Gary Bertrand (Methanol) reactions are altered

- Essential features of property

= definite value in a particular state

Thermo Cal
= value should be determinable, irrespective of
Books: Van Ness – Chemical Engineering
what brought the system in to the state
Thermodynamics;
- Pressure, Temperature, Volume, Mass
Cengel – Thermodynamics: an Engineering Approach
= intensive: independent of mass (temp,
pressure, density)
Thermodynamics
= extensive: dependent of size or mass
First law: Energy can’t be created nor destroyed, only be (momentum, volume)
changed from one form to another.
 =specific: extensive per unit mass (SG, Specific Heat Mass
area - D.E (Temperature - D.E ( Volume Gradient)
gradient)
Density vs. Specific Gravity - G.E. (Fick’s Law)
- G.E. (Fourier’s Eq.)
Specific Volume

State - not undergoing change

- can measure all properties

Equilibrium – State of balance, no driving force or no

unbalanced potentials

- Thermal Eq. (no temp change)

- Mechanical Eq. (no pressure change at any

point of system)
Forced Convection: Reynolds No, Nasrold no??, Prandtl
- Chemical Eq. (no chem. reactions) no.

- Phase Eq. (mass levels of phases are equal) Laminar:

Envi Sci Transition:

Group 3 with Ren Logronio Turbulent:

Topics: Environmental Disasters Flow: Inside – (Tube like annulus or non-circular by

hydraulic diameter
(Japanese diseases: Itai-itai disease, Minamata
disease, Yokaiichi asthma) Outside – (Geometric figure like cylinder and
sheets)
Outline ng report, needed earlier before report
(Further notes, in the pics)
At least 1 hr and 30 mins reporting

MOR

Outline for the content of presentation

Week 13-14-15-16-17
 title
 group mates CPI
 objectives (general & specific) Mission and Vision at first page ng notebook sa CPI
 outline of presentation
 definition Next Assignment: Glass Industry 
o 6 lines definition
 purpose, characteristics, kinds, classification, Ceramic 
hindrances, anything
Cement - calcining of lime and clay, binder and hardens
separately
He Ma Trans
Bry Higgins – hydraulic cement (stucco) used in exterior
6 Long Exams, 2 Major Exams
plasters
Every term midterm period 5%of grade
Parker cement 1796 – British cement – 1822
Analogies: Transport Processes
1824 – Portland Cement Joseph Aspdin

1853 – Meso-Portland Cement – William Aspdin

1854 – Isaac Charles Father of Portland Cement Assignment for next week 

1860 – Hoffman kiln Friedrich Hoffman 2 different topics, 2 Chapter 1

1875 – First Portland cement by Coplay Cement - Title

Company
- Introduction of the Research, questions and
Types problems

Portland Cement – pulverizing clinkers, consists of - Statement of the Problem

hydraulic calcium silicate
- Objectives (general and specific)
…. in PDF
- Significance of the Study
Types of Portland cement
- Scope and Limitation
ASTM C150
- Assumptions and Hypothesis
Type I
- Research/Conceptual framework
Type II

Type III

Thermo

2nd chapter

Joule’s Experiment – work to energy to raise 1 mL of

water to 1Co

Internal Energy – energy of molecules in

substance, Kinetic, Potential, can’t be measured but we
are after the internal energy, state function

Energy Balanced for Closed system

Esurroundings = - Q - W or Esysten = Q + W

∆U = Q + W; dU = dQ + dW

∆(nU) = n∆U = Q + W

d(nU) = ndU = dQ + dW

Reversible Work

- P-V of a piston : dW = - PdV

W = - ∫V1V2 PdV\

Efficiency = output/input (or greater work at

denominator)

Pump work efficiency = W rev/ W

Turbine work efficiency = W/W rev

MOR

SMART- Specific, Manageable, Attainable, Realistic,

Time-bound