Table of Contents

1. GENERAL

2. APPLICABLE STANDARDS

3. HAZARDS AREA CLASSIFICATION

4. FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS

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1. GENERAL

The purpose of the present document is to specify the design philosophy for
all the Fire Fighting Systems required for the protection of the areas,
equipment and facilities of the Power Plant…

2. APPLICABLE STANDARDS

The Fire Fighting Systems are generally designed and shall be installed in
accordance with the latest edition of the following standards with order of
priority as set below:

- F.E.K Greek Legislation Standards

- N.F.P.A National Fire Protection Association Standards

According to Project Specifications (§4.1, B.1.H.4.9) the equipment/material

to be supplied for the fire fighting installations shall be approved by one of the
following authorities:

a) Factory Mutual, FM
b) Underwriter's Laboratory, UL.
c) Verband der Sachversicherer, VdS.

Equipment and material without approval by the aforesaid authorities may be

accepted, only after Owner's review.

3. HAZARDS AREA CLASSIFICATION

3.1 General

Hazards area classification is according to NFPA & FEK requirements.

Liquids are classified according to NFPA 30 & FEK 15A. Hazards and
occupancies are classified according to NFPA 1 & 101 and FEK 578B
requirements. Classification requirements are presented here bellow.

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3.2 Classification of Liquids

3.2.1 According to NFPA

The liquids stored in the tanks of the Plant are classified

according to NFPA 30, as combustible liquids, having flash
points at or over 37.8OC.

Classification of liquids according to this code is shown on the

following table:

Liquid stored Flash point (oC) Classification

Heavy Fuel Oil 66 Class IIIA
Diesel Fuel Oil 55 Class II
Lubricating Oils >60 Class IIIA

3.2.2 According to FEK

The liquids stored in the tanks of the Plant are classified

according to FEK 15A as shown on the following table:

Liquid stored Flash point Operating point Classification

(oC) (oC) (*)
Heavy Fuel Oil 66 less than 66 Class III(1)
Diesel Fuel Oil 55 less than 55 Class II(1)
Lubricating Oils >60 less than 60 Class III(1)

(*) the numbers inside the parenthesis denote that the operating
temperature is greater than the flash point (1) or less (2).

3.3 Classification of Fires

3.3.1 According to NFPA

Fires at Diesel Power Plant facilities are classified according to

NFPA 1 as:

 Class A Fires. Fires in ordinary combustible materials, such as

wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics. Fires at offices
belong to this category.

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 Class B Fires: Fires in flammable liquids, oils, greases, tars,

oil-base paints, lacquers, and flammable gases. Fires at tanks
belong to this category.

 Class C Fires: Fires that involve energized electrical

equipment where the electrical nonconductivity of the
extinguishing media is of importance. Fires at rooms with
electrical equipment belong to this category.

3.3.2 According to FEK

Fires at Diesel Power Plant facilities are classified according to

FEK 578B as:

 Class A Fires. Fires in ordinary combustible materials, such as

wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics. Fires at offices
belong to this category.

 Class B Fires: Fires in combustible and flammable liquids,

such as gasolines, fuel oils, oils, greases, alcohols, etc. Fires
at tanks belong to this category.

 Class E Fires: Fires that involve electrical equipment, such as

motors, transformers, instrument panels, etc.

3.4 Classification of Hazards

3.4.1 According to NFPA

The degrees of hazard are classified according to NFPA 1, as

shown bellow:

 Light (Low) Hazard: Light hazard occupancies are locations

where the total amount of Class A combustible materials is of
minor quantity. This classification anticipates that the majority
of content items are either noncombustible or so arranged that
a fire is not likely to spread rapidly. Small amounts of Class B
flammables are included provided that they are kept in closed
containers and safely stored.

 Ordinary (Moderate) Hazard: Ordinary hazard occupancies are

locations where the total amount of Class A combustibles and
Class B flammables are present in greater amounts than
expected under light (low) hazard occupancies. These
occupancies could consist of light manufacturing, workshop or
support service areas of light (low) hazard occupancies, and
warehouses.

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 Extra (High) Hazard: Extra hazard occupancies are locations

where the total amount of Class A combustibles and Class B
flammables present, in storage, production use, and/or
finished product, is over and above those expected in
occupancies classed as ordinary (moderate) hazard. These
occupancies could consist of manufacturing processes
including flammable liquid handling.

3.4.2 According to FEK

The same classification of hazards with NFPA is followed.

3.5 Classification of Occupancies

3.5.1 According to NFPA

Occupancies of Diesel Power Plant are classified according to

NFPA 101 as follows:

 Business: Business occupancies are those used for the

transaction of business (other than those covered under
Mercantile), for the keeping of accounts and records, and
for similar purposes. General offices are classified as
“Business occupancies”.

 Industrial: Industrial occupancies include factories making

products of all kinds and properties devoted to operations
such as processing, assembling, mixing, packaging,
finishing or decorating, and repairing. Industrial
occupancies include Power plants, Pumping stations, etc.

 Storage: Storage occupancies include all buildings or

structures utilized primarily for the storage or sheltering of
goods, merchandise, products, vehicles, or animals.
Storage occupancies include Bulk oil storage.

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4. FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS

4.1 Fire Fighting Agents

The following universally recognized fire fighting agents shall be used in

the Power Plant fire fighting system:

4.1.1 Fire Water

Water shall be extensively used in the whole Power Plant area

both for direct fire fighting purposes and for exposure protection of
equipment and/or storage tanks adjacent to fire.

The fire fighting system of the Plant shall operate on sea water
coming from the sea water intake structure. The fire fighting
network will be always under pressure and filled with desalinated
water from the service tank to avoid excessive corrosion.

4.1.2 Foam

Foam compatible both with sweet and sea water is used in

conjunction with water as a main fire fighting agent. The foam is of
the best quality so that any corrosion of the relevant spray water
equipment is avoided.

Proportioning devices for producing a 3% mixing percentage of

foam concentrate to water is used.

4.1.3 CO2

Liquefied carbon dioxide stored in high pressure gas cylinders is

used for the protection of all electrical rooms.

4.1.4 Dry Chemicals

They are accounted as minor fire fighting agents and are applied
through portable extinguishers as a back up to the main fire
fighting agents (water, foam, CO2).

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4.2 Fire Protection Requirements

4.2.1 Equipment and Areas Protection

The necessary protection means are established both by the

type of the equipment described below and by the nature of
material and liquid handled by the protected equipment.

Protection requirements are according to NFPA and FEK

standards. In case of conflict between the requirements of the
above standards, the most stringent requirements is considered.

4.2.1.1 Tanks

a. Foam

Foam protection with fixed foam systems are

foreseen for all the tanks of the Plant containing
combustible liquids according to NFPA 11 and FEK
578B requirements. Foam solution delivery rate of
4.1 l/min/m2 of liquid surface area is applied. The
system is capable of operation at the delivery rate
specified above, for a minimum period of 30min.

b. Cooling water

NFPA 15 (§A4.5.2) refers to uninsulated vessels

cooling water requirements.

According to FEK 578B (§4.4.3.2) only tanks

containing liquids of class I or II and uninsulated
tanks containing liquids of class III located at a
distance less than 20m from tanks containing
liquids of class I or II, require cooling water
systems.

According to FEK 578B, cooling water system is

required only for shell protection. Cooling of the
roof is optional (FEK 578B §4.4.3.3) and is not of
vital importance because the amount of radiant
heat absorbed by the roof is small. Besides, in the
event the roof is blown off, the cooling water
system is destroyed. Therefore, cooling of the roof
is not recommended.

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The only tanks requiring cooling water for shell

protection when they are on fire or they are
adjacent to a tank being on fire shall be the DFO
storage and service tanks.

A cooling water application rate of 2 l/min/m2 of the

shell surface and 50 l/h/m2 of the roof surface shall
be applied for these tanks (according to FEK 578B,
§4.4.3.5).

c. Tanks spacing

The tanks shell-to-shell spacing shall be according

to the most stringent requirements of the NFPA 30
and FEK 15A standards.

As there are no requirements for the minimum

shell-to-shell spacing between the tanks of class
II(1) and III(1), the minimum shell-to-shell spacing
between all the tanks of the Plant shall be equal to
1/6 of the sum of the adjacent tank diameters
(according to NFPA 30).

4.2.1.2 Tanks Safety Basins

Safety basins of all tanks containing liquids of classes I

or II, are protected with foam. According to both
FEK578B (§4.4.2.2.Δ) and NFPA 11 (§3-7.1.1) foam
solution application rate of 4.1 l/min/m2 of the dike free
surface area must be applied.

Therefore the safety basin of HFO storage tanks does

not require protection with foam, but it is protected
according to Project Specifications requirements (§4.6,
B1.H.4.15).

Portable extinguishers as a back up to the main fire

fighting agents (water, foam, CO2) are provided
according to FEK578B, for the protection of the tanks
valve stations, and safety basins.

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4.2.1.3 Machine Hall and Annexes

The Diesel Engines and the Machine Hall Annexes

containing mechanical equipment (such as pumps,
heaters, small tanks, etc.) are protected by fixed foam
systems. A foam solution application rate of 6.5
l/min/m2 of the protected surface area shall be applied
for a minimum period of 10min.

Additionally, a CO2 total flooding system for all electrical

rooms of the Machine Hall annexes is provided
according to NFPA standards requirements.

As a back up to the main fire fighting agents (water,

foam, CO2) a stand pipe and hose system along with
portable fire extinguishers are required for the
protection of the Machine Hall and Annexes according
to NFPA standards requirements.

4.2.1.4 Transformers

Transformers protection with water spray system is

required according to NFPA 15 standard. Water supply
shall be of a density of 0.65m3/h per m2 (10.84
lt/min/m2) of transformers projected area of rectangular
prism envelope for the transformer and its
appurtenances (according to Project Specifications,
B1.H.4.5) and 6.1 l/min per m2 of the expected non
absorbing ground surface area of exposure (according
to NFPA 15, §4-5.4.1).

Transformers are protected by means of desalinated

water. It is proposed that the respective pumps to be
installed at the service water pumping station (building
nr.12) in order to be close to the Desalinated water
storage tanks.

4.2.1.5 Port mole & Port ramp

Port mole & port ramp are protected according to

FEK578B requirements (§4.4.8).

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a. Foam

Foam protection is foreseen for the manifold area

of the pier. Foam solution application rate required
according to FEK578B is 100m3/h per 30m of
length of the larger ship handled by the pier, with a
maximum of 500m3/h.

For a ship of 22000 tons DW (according to Project

Specifications B1.H.9.2) handled by the pier of the
Plant (length appox.165m), the foam solution rate
required is 500m3/h.

b. Water

A water hydrant system with hydrants every 30m of

length of the larger ship handled by the pier is
required.

c. Dry chemicals

Portable extinguishers in sufficient number

according to FEK578B, are required. Two 12Kg dry
powder portable extinguishers are required for
every unloading position and one per every 200m2
of the unloading dock area surface.

4.2.1.6 Buildings

Following fire fighting means are provided:

- Stand pipe and hose system according to NFPA 14

standard requirements

- CO2 total flooding system for all electrical rooms

including battery rooms, switchgear rooms, electronic
controller rooms, cubicle rooms, in accordance with
NFPA 12 standard requirements.

- Portable extinguishers according to NFPA 10

standard requirements

- Fixed foam system for the protection of the LFO

Pumping Station and the Fuel Treatment Plant with
a foam solution delivery rate of 6.5 l/min/m2 of the
protected surface area shall be applied for a
minimum period of 10min.

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- According to FEK 578B (§4.4.7) fixed foam system

is only required for pumpstations with class I or II
product pumps. Therefore HFO pumping station
(product of class III, as shown in paragraph 3.2.2)
does not require fixed foam system.

4.2.1.7 Cable Channels

According to Project Specifications all electrical cables

through openings or fire resistant walls and ceilings
must be properly sealed with approved material and
outdoor cable channels must have fire cut-offs of
approved material every 100m and the cables on both
sides shall be coated for at least 0,5m.

4.2.1.8 Outdoor Areas

A water hydrant network is required for the protection

of the outdoor areas of the Power Plant.

Areas require protection are:

- Parking area
- Service bus stop area
- Roads and pavements
- Outdoor storage area
- Service vehicles shed

The maximum distance between the outdoor hydrants

is 60m in order to ensure that all hazardous places of the
Power Plant can be fully protected.

4.2.1.9 Fire fighting systems summary table

The fire fighting system for each part of the Plant is

shown in the following table

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Area Description Hydrants Fire Water Fixed Portable CO2

(Ext.) Hoses deluge Foam exting. flooding

1 Machine hall and Annexes + + + +

3 Transformers area +
4 Central Control Building + +
5 Black start generator set building +
7 Chemical laboratories + +
8 Industrial Waste water treatment plant + +
9 Desalination building + +
12 Desalinated pumping station +
13 Potable water tank and pumping station +
14 Sanitary Waste Water treatment plant + +
17 Chlorination building + + +
18 HFO storage tanks and basins +
19 LFO storage tanks and basins +
20A Diesel plant tank farm +
20B L.O. tank farm +
21/H HFO pumping station + +
21/L LFO pumping station + + +
22 Fuel treatment plant + + +
23 Sea pollution fighting equipment +
24 Administration building + +
25 Staff restaurant and Canteen + +
26 Guest house + +
27 First aid station +
28 Diesel engines workshop + +
29 Mechanical workshop + +
30 Plate and welding workshop + +
31 Steam Units workshop + +
32 Electrical and Instruments workshop +
34 Heavy spare parts storage building +
35 Light spare parts storage building +
36 Chemical and lubricant storage building + +
37 Fire fighting pumping station +
38 Gate house + +
39 Parking area +
40 Service busses stop area +
41 Roads and pavements +
45 Outdoor storage area +
46 Service vehicles shed +
47 Perimetric fence
All electrical rooms +

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4.3 Fire Fighting System Design

4.3.1 Fire Water Supply System

The fire fighting system has an independent supply of sea water

coming from the sea water intake structure.

Desalinated water from the two Distilled Water Storage Tanks with
a capacity of 1500 m3 each, is used in order to keep the fire
fighting network under pressure. It is also required for the
transformers water spray system supply, because seawater is not
applicable due to high conductivity.

Fire water flow rate demand is calculated as the water required

to provide adequate fire fighting in case of the single major fire
within the Plant.

4.3.2 Fire Water Pumping System

The fire water pumping system is shown on F.W. Pump Station

P&I diagram.

Two main fire fighting pumps of the same capacity and

manometric head, one electrically driven and one driven by a
diesel engine shall be provided and installed in the sea water
intake structure.

The capacity of each of the main fire fighting pumps shall be

520m3/h and the manometric head of the pumps shall be 100m.

The pumps shall be of vertical shaft centrifugal type.

A jockey pump with a capacity of 15 m3/h and suction from

desalinated water tank, located at service water pumping station
shall keep the network constantly under pressure.

In case of fire or test, the main fire fighting pumps (first the
electrical and afterwards the diesel driven) will start automatically
with pressure drop sensor at the distribution network, driving sea
water to the network.

The main fire fighting pumps shall alternatively start from the
control board of fire fighting system located at the CCR of the
station and from the local electrical board of the pumps.

The fire fighting pumps shall be stopped only manually from the
local control electric board of the pumps.

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4.3.3 Fire Water Distribution System

Fire water is provided to all the fire fighting systems needing water,
that is the outdoor hydrants, the indoor hose stations, the water
spray systems and the tanks cooling water systems described
here bellow and the foam water fixed systems described in
paragraph 4.3.4.

All means are provided (pipes, valves, drains) for flushing of all
the parts of the network system with desalinated water after use
or test.

4.3.3.1 Outdoor Network

The fire water outdoor network is designed according

to Project Specifications (§4.3.4, B1.H.4.12) to enable
the fire water to reach any risk point in the Plant at
least with two independent routes. The network
consists of closed loops offering maximum flexibility.

Fire water piping rings shall be buried underground for

protection against frost.

The underground piping is of HDPE material of 16 bar

working pressure, while the above ground piping is of
hot-dip galvanized steel as per DIN 2440.

Socket electrofusion fittings are used for all the

underground piping connections.

The sizing of the fire water network is defined from

hydraulic calculations.

The main fire water piping is DN280 (for the main rings
carrying the maximum flow rate) and DN200 (for all the
other rings) in diameter while the branches to individual
hydrants are DN160. Branches to individual stand pipe
systems are DN100.

The individual loops and the main ring are sectionalized

with gate valves installed in valve pits with heavy duty
cover. The valves are so placed as to eliminate any
reasonable possibility of loss of water as a result of
damage to or failure of any part of the system.
Nameplates shall be supplied for each valve.

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All valves and hydrants are protected with crash barriers

against mechanical damages.

The fire water piping is so arranged as to reduce friction

to a reasonable minimum. All piping is securely
supported. The thrust and supporting blocks are carefully
calculated and designed.

The piping arrangement design permits fire extinguishing

by means of fire brigade trucks, from eight (8)
connections properly selected along the network.

All piping are arranged to drain and have a pit towards

drainage. Provision is made in the design to permit
hydrostatic testing at 16 bar for two (2) hours. The
amount of leakage at the joints shall not exceed 0,5 litre
per hour per 100 joints irrespective of pipe diameter.

The underground fire mains, which are installed in form

of supply rings for the outdoor hydrants, are installed at a
distance not more than 7m away from buildings outer
walls.

Provisions are made so that they are set in locations

where the possibility of injury due to falling walls is small.

At branches where two or more valves are required,

manholes shall be constructed with a minimum size of
0,8m x 0,8m. The underground fire mains shall be
flushed thoroughly before connection is made to
sprinklers, nozzles or other fire protection system piping.

Network connection of size DN150 secured with ball

valve, between the main station area and the substation
area is provided. For this purpose, a connecting pit
located southeast of the substation area shall be
constructed.

Provision is made for future connections of the fire

fighting network to the following areas:

- Future steam units area

- HFO storage tanks area for future steam units

a. Outdoor hydrants

Outdoor hydrants are provided throughout the

plant, to protect the areas described in paragraphs

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4.2.1.8 & 4.2.1.9. Each of the hydrants is equipped

with a hose cabinet described here bellow
(§4.3.3.1.b).

The distance between the hydrants does not exceed

60m, in order to ensure that all hazardous places of
the Power Plant can be fully protected.

The number of hydrants is to make two streams

available at every part of the interior of each building
not covered by standpipe protection and to provide
hose streams protection for every exterior part of
each building by the use of the length of hoses
normally attached to the hydrants (Project
Specifications, §4.3.4, B1.H.4.12).

Hydrants every 30m of length of the larger ship

handled by the pier are provided according to FEK
578B requirements, for the protection of the Port
mole. Two external hydrants are provided at the
port ramp (one at each corner of the ramp,
according to Project Specifications, B1.H.9.2).

Two (2) international ship/shore connections are

provided each one on a convenient hydrant of the
pier, for connection to the ship’s fire line system by
2½” hose (according to FEK 578B, §4.4.8.1
requirements).

Four external hydrants (additional to the number

provided for the station) are provided with two
closets with hoses and keys, at local fishermen’s
harbour (Project Specifications, B1.H.9.2).

The fire hydrants are located so that they are

protected against mechanical damage. Moreover,
they are properly supported. Each fire hydrant has
a spanner made of stainless steel attached with a
stainless steel chain to it. The spanner shall be
used for opening-closing the hydrant (Project
Specifications, §4.3.2, B1.H.4.11).

b. Hose Cabinets

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Each of the hydrants is equipped (according to

Project Specifications, §4.3.3, B1.H.4.11) with a hose
cabinet consisting of :

- One (1) steel storage cabinet. The cabinet shall

be heavily galvanized and afterwards painted red
and plainly marked in large letters with the fire
hydrant number. Proper ventilation shall be
provided.
- 4 x DN 65 x 25 m lengths synthetic fire hoses
with synthetic rubber coating, both ends with DN
65 quick couplings and hose straps. The hoses
shall not be subject to mildew forming during
storage.

- Two (2) adjustable nozzles with special valve for

fog and spray patterns, with male quick coupling.
- One (1) branchpipe DN 65
- One (1) fire axe
- One (1) crowbar
- Brackets for all the equipment
- Extra hydrant wrench

4.3.3.2 Standpipe System

The standpipe and hose system is designed and shall be

installed and tested in each building, in accordance with
NFPA 14 and Project Specifications (§4.4, B1.H.4.13).

The standpipe system is of wet pipe type with water

pressure maintained at all times.

An indoor hydrant is provided for each complete or

fractional part of 500m2 area (according to Project
Specifications §4.4, B1.H.4.13), with a minimum of one
hydrant at each floor level, however, each point in the
building is not further than 30m from a hydrant.

Hose connections and hose stations are unobstructed

and are located not less than 3 ft (0.9 m) or more than
5 ft (1.5 m) above the floor.

The indoor hydrants are according to DIN 3222 standard

or equivalent.

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The indoor hydrant shall be painted red, and contain:

- one (1) suitable landing valve with reducer

- two (2) synthetic hoses of 30m length, DN40
diameter, both ends with quick coupling
- hose reel
- fire hose nozzle with three adjustments (off,
pulverization, direct jet).

Each of the indoor hydrants is equipped with a hose

cabinet as per DIN 14461 or equivalent. 

The pipes of the indoor network are of hot-dip

galvanized steel, as per DIN 2440 and shall be painted
with two layers of paint for aesthetic reasons.

4.3.3.3 Water Spray System

An automatic water spray system is provided for the

protection of the outdoor oil-filled main transformers i.e.
the Main step up and the unit auxiliaries’ transformers.

The system is designed and shall be installed and tested

in accordance with NFPA 15 requirements and Project
Specifications (B1.H.4.5 and §4.5, B1.H.4.14).

The system is designed to supply desalinated water

according to the requirements of paragraph 4.2.1.4 of
this description.

All component parts are coordinated to provide

complete system, fully automatically operated.

The water spray system consists of:

a. Automatic Deluge Valves (Project Specifications,

B1.H.4.5).

The piping of each transformer is independent from

each other having separate automatic deluge valves

The deluge valves are remote control valves with

pneumatic control via detectors and an additional
manual remote release.

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b. Compressed Air System (Project Specifications,

B1.H.4.5)

Each deluge valve shall be activated by a common

compressed air system, including air compressor
and air vessel, which shall monitor through
pressurized air circuit heat detectors the area around
of each transformer.

The compressed air system shall also maintain

automatically pressure of at least 10 bar, necessary
for system operation through a pressure switch
opening a solenoid valve downstream the air vessel.

c. Control Panel (Project Specifications, B1.H.4.5)

A local control board with IP65 enclosure is installed

nearby the transformers area. This board includes
local signalization of operation of all items of the
system as well as alarms. A local manual operating
mechanism controlling the deluge valve of each
transformer for testing purposes is provided.

A common alarm shall be sent to the CCR in case of

any of the alarms is activated or in case of control
voltage fault.

The fire fighting system of the transformers is also

controllable from the main fire fighting control board
inside the CCR room. For each one of the main step
up transformers and for each auxiliary transformer
one control is provided.

d. Detection Equipment (Project Spec., B1.H.4.14)

The automatic detection equipment ensures proper

operation and protection against untimely operation
of the system due to normally fluctuating conditions.
Particular care is taken to compensate for normal
temperature fluctuations in installations such as
transformer protection. The fire fighting water may be
used as control medium as far as feasible.

Detection equipment requiring protection from the

weather is provided with a canopy, hood or other
suitable protection. Drainage of the area to be
protected is so arranged so as to safely dispose the

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escaping flammable liquid and to prevent the spread

of fire.

e. Water Spray Nozzles (Project Spec., B1.H.4.5)

The nozzles are open type and they are arranged in

such a way to provide an average water density all
over the area and are distributed at minimum into two
loops per transformer.

f. Piping, valves and instrument (Project Specifications,

§4.5, B1.H.4.14).

The above ground pipes are of stainless steel

Pressure gauges have a maximum limit not less
than twice the normal working pressure when
installed. The system is designed to discharge
effective water spray from all nozzles within 30
seconds following the operation of the detection
system.

4.3.3.4 Tanks Cooling System

Each diesel fuel oil tank is provided with a piping cooling

fixed system fed from the fire fighting outdoor network
distributed and sized to cool the total shell surface in
case of fire according to the requirements of paragraph
4.2.1.1.b.

The tank shell shall be cooled by means of peripheral

cooling ring, located at the top of the shell. The cooling
ring covers the tanks circumference.

The system shall be manually operated with gate valves

located outside the tanks safety basins at a distance not
less than 15m from the tanks.

The nozzles are open type and they are arranged in

such a way to provide an average water density all over
the protected area.

Flashing facilities and low point drains are foreseen for

all water cooling systems.

The sizing of the cooling water network is defined from

hydraulic calculations at the detailed engineering design
stage.

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4.3.4 Foam Water Distribution System

Low expansion fixed foam systems designed according to

FEK578B and NFPA 11 and 16 requirements is provided for the
protection of the following equipment and facilities:

- HFO/DFO Storage tanks and safety basins

- LFO Pumpstation
- Diesel Plant Tank Farm
- Fuel Treatment Plant
- Diesel Engines and Machine Hall Annexes
- Unloading Dock Area

The design of the fixed foam systems is based on a maximum

time of 3 min for the foam solution to reach the tanks or other
protected areas, according to FEK578B (§4.4.2.B).

The foam water system consists of:

4.3.4.1 Foam Proportioning Units

Three (3) foam proportioning units are installed for the

protection of the above mentioned areas:

- One (1) for the protection of the Heavy Fuel Oil and
Diesel Fuel Oil Storage tanks, the Oily Sludge Tank
and their safety basins and the fuel pumpstation
located at the fire fighting pumping station (building
nr.37).

- One for the protection of the Diesel Plant Tank

Farm Area (HFO Service and Settling tanks, DFO
Service tank, LO Tanks, Sludge tank and their
safety basins), the fuel treatment plant, the Diesel
Engines and the Machine Hall Annexes where
pumps, heaters and other mechanical equipment is
installed, located at the Diesel Plant Tank Farm
surrounding area.

- One for the protection of the unloading dock area,

located in the area of building nr. 23 (sea pollution
fighting equipment).

The location of the foam proportioning units is selected

to suit operating requirements (i.e. supply of foam

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solution to users in less than 3 minutes, according to

FEK 578B §4.4.2.B, when adopting the recommended
(according to FEK 578B §4.4.2.Γ.II) velocity of water in
the pipe of less than 6 m/sec).

The units are complete skids. Each skid includes the

following (according to Project Specifications, §4.10,
B1.H4.18 and FEK 578B §4.4.2.B):

- Foam compound
- Foam compound storage tank
- Automatic pressure differential foam proportioner
- Two (2) foam compound pumps (one electrically
and one diesel driven) or one (1) water driven foam
pump alternatively.
- All interconnecting piping, valves and instrument,
between the above mentioned equipment.

The foam compound is stored in an atmospheric

pressure foam compound storage tank. By means of
an auxiliary pump, foam compound is injected into the
sea water stream at a constant rate, passing through
an automatic pressure differential foam proportioner.
The resulting foam solution is then delivered to the
foam solution distribution pipes.

a. Foam Compound

Foam compound is AFFF with a mixing percentage

3% by weight, for non-water soluble hydrocarbon
fires.

b. Foam Compound Storage Tank

The Foam Compound Storage Tank is an

atmospheric pressure vessel. The tank is of
cylindrical construction and is equipped with local
lever indicator, fill connection with fill funnel, drain
valve and pressure vacuum vent.

The tank is of a capacity capable to provide foam

for the worst case of fire of the protected area
and/or equipment.

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Readily available reserve supply of foam compound

equal to 100% of the minimum required for
operation is provided according to FEK 578B
(§4.4.9.5.2). The supply may be in separate tanks
or compartments, in drums or cans on the
premises, or available from an approved outside
source within 24 hours.

c. Automatic pressure differential foam proportioner

The automatic pressure differential foam

proportioner is a modified Venturi device with a
foam compound feed line from the foam compound
storage tank, intended to be installed in the water
pressure line.

The proportioner is specifically designed to

accurately proportion and control the mixing of
pressurized foam compound into the water stream.
Proportioning is controlled by a dosage valve and
regulating device.

The mixing percentage of the foam compound to

water is 3%.

The proportioner consists of the body, the inlet

nozzle, the dosage valve and regulating device and
the outlet nozzle. It is flanged to suit ANSI B16.5
150 lb flanges.

The proportioner is installed in a straight pipe

length of a minimum 5 times the pipe diameter
upstream and downstream the proportioner.

d. Foam compound pumps

Two (2) foam compound pumps are installed, to

deliver the foam compound from storage tank to the
proportioner. The main pump is electric and the
spare is diesel driven. Each pump has a discharge
pressure of approximately 2 bars higher than the
maximum operating pressure of the water stream,
with a capacity at least equal to 1.2 times the
greater foam compound demand (according to FEK
578B §4.4.2.Β).

The main pump shall be activated whenever water

flow is detected on the foam solution pipe. For this

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purpose, suitable flow switch are installed at the

discharge side of the proportioner.

The pumps are provided complete with automatic

control panel.

Alternatively, instead of the two foam compound

pumps, one water driven foam pump can be
installed to deliver the foam compound from
storage tank to the proportioner. The pump shall be
activated by the water flow upstream the foam
proportioner via a by-pass line to a hydraulic
turbine drive.

e. Piping, valves and instrument

Each foam proportioning unit is provided with all the

interconnecting piping, valves and instrument
between the above mentioned equipment (foam
compound storage tank, foam compound pumps,
proportioner). Piping carrying foam solution shall be
of hot dip galvanized carbon steel. Piping carrying
foam concentrate shall be of stainless steel or
internally painted carbon steel.

Pipe schedule is sch.40 (for sizes 2½” and larger)

and sch.80 (for sizes up to 2”). The fittings are
sch.40 (for sizes 2½” and larger) and 3000# (for
sizes up to 2”) and according to ANSI/ASME
requirements. The flanges are 150lb FF, slip on (for
sizes 2½” and larger) and socket weld or threaded
(for sizes up to 2”) as per ANSI B16.5. The piping
terminates at valved connections for water inlet and
foam solution outlet.

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4.3.4.2 Foam/water systems for the internal protection of the

machine hall.

Two (2) factory-assembled independent foam/water

systems are provided for the internal protection of the
machine hall located inside the hall (according to
Project Specifications §4.4, B.1.H.4.14)

The units are complete skids with two foam compound

storage tanks. The storage tanks are of plastic
material, each with a capacity of at least 60Kg foam
compound. The foam compound is suitable to
withstand the ambient temperature of 60OC for at least
two years.

The cabinet shall be painted red and contain the

following:

- one (1) suitable landing valve with reducer

- two (2) containers each of min 60 Kg multi-purpose
foam concentrate
- two (2) self suction type foam proportioners
- interception valves
- two (2) synthetic hoses of 30m length, DN40
diameter, both ends with quick coupling.
- two (2) fire hose nozzles with three (3) adjustments
(off, pulverization, direct jet)
- two (2) foam making branchpipes
- brackets and wrenches for all equipment

4.3.4.3 Fixed foam top pourer sets of the tanks

One (1) foam top pourer set is installed for each tank of
the Plant, except from the 22500m3 HFO storage
tanks, where four (4) top pourer sets are required per
tank.

Each top pourer set is capable to produce foam

according to the requirements of paragraph 4.2.1.1.a.
and comprises the following:

- one (1) foam generator

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- one (1) foam chamber

- one (1) foam deflector

a. Foam Generator

The low-expansion high back pressure foam

generator (foam maker) is flanged and is installed
into the pipe bellow the foam chamber, with ANSI
B16.5, 150lb, FF flanges.

b. Foam Chamber

The foam chamber is installed between the foam

generator and the foam deflector. It is flanged with
ANSI B16.5, 150lb, FF flanges and it is provided
with frangible glass bursting disk in order to prevent
any vapour flow of the interior of the tank into the
foam line.

c. Foam Deflector

The foam deflector is flanged onto the foam feeding

connection in the interior of the tank. It shall direct
the foam against the tank wall and care for a soft
foam flow to the surface of the fluid. Deflector’s
flange is as per ANSI B16.5, 150lb, FF.

4.3.4.4 Foam monitors for tanks safety basins

Fixed foam monitors are installed for the protection of

the safety basins of the tanks, according to the
requirements of the paragraph 4.2.1.2.

Each foam monitor has a capacity of 2000 l/min

according to Project Specifications requirements (§4.6,
B1.H.4.15).

The foam monitors, which are installed at safety

basins, are the following:

- Two (2) foam monitors for the protection of the

safety basin of the HFO storage tanks.
- Two (2) foam monitors for the protection of the
safety basin of the DFO storage tanks.
- Two (2) foam monitors for the protection of the
safety basin of the tanks of the Diesel Plant Tank
Farm.

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- Two (2) foam monitors for the protection of the

safety basin of the tanks of the Lube Oil Tank
Farm.

The foam monitors are swivel mounted on the foam

solution line, with ANSI B16.5, 150lb, FF flanges.

4.3.4.5 Fixed foam monitors for the protection of the unloading

dock area.

Two (2) manually operated fixed foam/water monitors

with a capacity of 250m3/h each, are installed on
towers at the unloading dock area. They are
positioned to sweep the ship’s deck in the area of the
piping manifold. The towers are at least 12m height in
order to accomplish this, when the tanker cargo tanks
are empty.

Horizontal and vertical rotation handwheels are

provided for hand operating of the monitors.

Each monitor consists of foam/water branchpipe and

nozzle and is swivel mounted on the foam solution line
from the foam proportioning unit for the protection of
the unloading deck area, with ANSI B16.5, 150lb, FF
flanges.

4.3.4.6 Foam injectors

Foam injectors are open, air aspirating, foam nozzles.

They are installed for the protection of the Diesel
Engines and the housed equipment (centrifugal
separators, heaters and pumps) of the Fuel Treatment
Plant, LFO Pumpstation and Machine Hall Annexes,
according to the requirements of the paragraphs
4.2.1.3 & 4.2.1.6.

For the engines, a perimetric closed loop consisting of

foam injectors is provided at a height 2m above the
cylinder heads covering all the perimeter of the engines
(according to Project Specifications B.1.H.4.5) .

Foam injectors are mounted in the pendant position

and they cover the whole protection area in case of
fire.

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4.3.4.7 Pressure reducing control valves

Pressure reducing control valves shall be installed if

required by the final hydraulic calculations, in order to
keep the pressure of the foam solution line at a
pressure not greater than the operating pressure of the
foam equipment (foam generators, chambers,
deflectors, monitors and foam injectors). They shall be
flanged as per ANSI B16.5, 150lb, FF.

4.3.4.8 Foam solution gate valves

Manually operated gate valves are installed at each

foam solution line to the tanks, monitors, generators
etc.

The valves are installed outside the tanks dike at a

distance of at least 15m or one diameter of the
protected tank, whichever is greater.

The valves are approved and their materials are proper

for sea water service. They are flanged as per ANSI
B16.5, 150lb, FF.

4.3.4.9 Foam solution piping

Where installed above ground, foam solution piping

shall be made of hot dip galvanized carbon steel pipes.

It is sch.40 (for sizes 2½” and larger) and sch.80 (for

sizes up to 2”). The fittings are sch.40 (for sizes 2½”
and larger) and 3000# (for sizes up to 2”) and
according to ANSI/ASME requirements. The flanges
are 150lb FF, slip on (for sizes 2½” and larger) and
threaded (for sizes up to 2”) as per ANSI B16.5.

Where installed bellow ground, the foam solution piping

can be made of HDPE material of 16 bar working
pressure.

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4.3.5 CO2 Extinguishing System

All electrical rooms of the buildings and the Machine Hall and
Annexes, including battery rooms, switchgear rooms, electronic
controller rooms, cubicle rooms are equipped with a CO2 total
flooding system (according to Project Specifications B.1.H.4.5).

The CO2 control system is electrically connected with the Fire

alarm panel and shall operate as described here below
(according to Project Specifications §4.7, B.1.H.4.15).

The liquefied carbon dioxide is stored in high pressure gas

cylinders which, if required, can be assembled to one battery. All
cylinders of such a battery are connected to a common manifold
via high pressure hoses.

To achieve a constant control of the content, each cylinder is

suspension-mounted in an individual rack, which is equipped with
a weighing device. Weighed and indicated shall be only a leakage-
loss of max.10% of the content and not the gross weight.

Each cylinder is equipped with a limit switch connected to a

remote leakage alarm signal.

The first cylinder of the battery is employed as pilot cylinder. This

cylinder is equipped with an electrical release solenoid. The
solenoid opens the cylinder valve and the CO2 is discharged into
the common manifold as well as into the control piping from which
the desired number of follow-up cylinders are pneumatically
opened.

The supply to the area to be protected shall be achieved via area

valve.

The CO2 nozzles (open at all times) are selected such as to

extinguish a fire either gas, fog or snow, according to the needs of
the equipment to be protected.

The CO2 system is brought into action by means of a signal

received from the fire alarm panel, when the fire detectors having
been energised. It is also capable of being energised manually
through local push buttons, which is installed outside or the
protected area, close to the CO2 battery.

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4.3.6 Fire Extinguishers Allocation

These fire fighting means are provided in sufficient number and

located properly according to NFPA 10.

A minimum of twentyfive (25) portable wall-mounted dry powder

type, hand-operated fire extinguishers of approx. 12 kg capacity
each, are supplied (according to Project Specifications §4.8.2,
B.1.H.4.16).

Portable fire extinguishers are provided for the protection of the

following areas, according to the requirements of paragraph 4.3:

- Machine hall and Annexes

- Waste water treatment plants
- Fuel treatment plant
- Buildings
- Pumping stations
- Tanks, valve stations and safety basins
- Unloading dock area

Mobile fire extinguishers are not required according to FEK578B

(§4.4.11), neither for tanks safety basins nor the unloading dock
area.

According to Project Specifications (§4.8.1, B.1.H.4.16), mobile

fire extinguishers of dry powder type and load, each of a
capacity of 50Κg net shall be provided. The fire extinguishers
shall be mounted on hand carts and furnished with a 6 m hose
each.

4.3.6.1 Portable fire extinguishers

Portable wall-mounted dry powder type, hand-operated

fire extinguishers of approx. 12 kg capacity each, are
supplied according to Project Specifications (§4.8.2,
B.1.H.4.16).

Extinguishers are installed in all those areas where a

fire risk exists, in order to immediately put out the fire
after its discovery.

The extinguishers are arranged in all staircases and

corridors, in such a way that they do not disturb traffic. In

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addition they are installed at easily visible and accessible

places in the event of fire.

The extinguishers secure an optimum fire quenching in

accordance with the most recent techniques. Preferably
powder extinguishers are supplied. As a rule, powder
units with a quantity of 12 kg are supplied, which
combine all of the extinguishing effects, and they are
permitted for fires of Class A to D in the presence of
electrical voltage up to 1000 V. Rooms and areas where
voltages above 1000 V are present, as well as relays,
control and computer rooms are equipped with portable
CO2 and dry powder extinguishers together with suitable
masks for the protection of the personnel.

The portable fire extinguishers are fitted with

spring-headed, interchangeable safety valves and
pressure indicators. The kinds, types, size, numbers and
locations of the extinguishers cover, also, the
requirements of the relevant Greek legislation.

4.3.6.2 Fire extinguisher refilling unit

A complete refilling unit with all necessary accessories is

provided for service and maintenance of all kinds of
extinguishers (dry powder, CO2 ) according to Project
Specifications (§4.9, B.1.H.4.17).

This unit mainly comprises of:

- pressurized gas cylinders for CO2

- dry powder container with CO2 cartridges
- nitrogen gas cylinders
- pressure reducers
- gauges
- valves and safety valves
- CO2 transfer pump
- weight equipment for system cylinder
- precision scale for cartridges
- adapters for all internationally-recognized gas
cylinder threads and filling heads.

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- Three sets of unit gas cylinders and containers shall

be supplied on spare

The unit is located at the fire fighting pumping station

(building nr.37).

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