❖ SHORT REVIEW ABOUT INSTRUMENTS

❑ (16). Cusco's Speculum ( Duck’s Speculum)

❑ (1).Artery Forceps
❑ (17). Doyen's Retractor
❑ (2).Allis forceps
❑ (18). Deaver Retractor
❑ (3). Ayre's Spatula
❑ (19). Balfour self retaining retractor
❑ (4). Babcock's Forceps
❑ (20). Right Angle Retractor used for Tubectomy
❑ (5). Band Applicator for Lap Tubal Ligation (TL)
/ landon’s bladder retractor
❑ (6). Mayo scissors Straight & Curved mayo scissors ❑ (21). Auvard’s self retaining posterior vaginal speculum
❑ (7). Metzenbaum scissors ❑ (22). Sims' Anterior Vaginal Wall Retractor
❑ (8). Bonney scissors ❑ (23). Sims' Speculum
❑ (9). Episiotomy Scissors/ perineorrhaphy ❑ (24). Sponge Holder / Sponge holding forceps
❑ (10). Towel clip ❑ (25). Uterine dressing forceps
❑ (11). Barkelay bonney vaginal clamp
❑ (12). Bonney’s Hysterectomy Clamp Forceps
❑ (13). Punch biopsy forceps
❑ (14). Dissecting forceps (toothed and non- toothed)
❑ (15). Green Armytage Forceps
❑ (1).Artery Forceps
➢ INDICATIONS
➢ It can be used as a hemostat used for clamping bleeding vessels during haemorrhage.
➢ It is also used for grasping tissue at the time of operation( Opening and closing peritoneum) .
➢ It is also used to hold stay sutures.
➢ used as clamp for spleen and kidney,

Curved Artery Forceps Straight Artery Forceps

❑ (2).Allis forceps
➢ An Allis clamp (also called the Allis forceps) is a commonly used surgical instrument.
➢ The allis clamp is surgical instrument with sharp teeth, used to hold or grasp heavy tissue. It is also used
to grasp fascia and soft tissues such as breast or bowel tissue.
➢ Allis clamps can cause damage, so they are often used in tissue about to be removed.
➢ When used to grasp the cervix to stabilize the uterus, such as when an intrauterine device is being
inserted,
➢ an allis clamp has the advantage of causing less bleeding than the more commonly used tenaculum.
❑ (3). Ayre's Spatula
➢ Ayre spatula is a device used to collect Pap smear.
➢ It is a wooden spatula with U shaped openings on one side and a flat surface on another.
➢ The broad end is for vaginal sample collection and the narrow end is for cervical sample collection.
➢ It is rotated 360 degrees in the vagina to obtain the cells to be sent for Pap smear examination.
➢ Recent studies have shown that long-tipped spatulas (Aylesbury device) or a cytobrush along with an
extended-tip spatula are better than Ayre spatula in collecting endocervical cells.
❑ (4). Babcock's Forceps
➢ INDICATIONS
➢ This instrument is used for grasping tubular structures like fallopian tube in tubectomy in
modified Pomeroy's operation , ureter ,appendix etc.
➢ The tip is atraumatic as there are no sharp tooth.
➢ It is most commonly used during appendicectomy(removal of appendix) to hold either appendix or
caecum
➢ Moreover it is used to hold small bowel during exploratory laparotomy and sometimes during resection
anastomosis.
❑ (5). Band Applicator for Lap Tubal Ligation (TL)
➢ Tubal ligation (commonly known as having one's "tubes tied") is a surgical procedure for female
sterilization in which the fallopian tubes are permanently blocked or removed.
➢ This prevents the fertilization of eggs by sperm and thus the implantation of a fertilized egg.
➢ Tubal ligation is considered a permanent method of sterilization and birth control.

➢ INDICATIONS
➢ This instrument is used for applying
silastic bands to fallopian tubes in
laparoscopic tubal ligation.
➢ The tube is identified and grasped in
the ampullary region by opening the
prongs.
➢ The prongs are pulled inside the
sheath and the loaded ring is then
pushed over the tube.
➢ The prongs are then released. The
part of the tube above the band looks
blanched. The bands are loaded just
prior to grasping the tube.
❑ (6). Mayo scissors Straight & Curved mayo scissors

➢ Mayo scissors
➢ have semi-blunt ends, a feature that distinguishes
them from most other surgical scissors.
➢ Metzenbaum scissors are, however, similar in that
the ends are the same on both scissor halves, but its
handles are longer and its middle section is slightly
narrower.
➢ Straight-bladed Mayo scissors are designed for
cutting body tissues near the surface of a wound. As
straight-bladed Mayo scissors are also used for
cutting sutures, they are also referred to as "suture
scissors".
➢ Curved-bladed Mayo scissors allow deeper
penetration into the wound than the type with straight
blades. The curved style of Mayo scissor is used to
cut thick tissues found in the uterus, muscles, breast,
and foot..
❑ (7). Metzenbaum scissors

➢ Metzenbaum scissors are surgical

scissors designed for cutting delicate
tissue and blunt dissection.
➢ The scissors come in variable lengths
and have a relatively long shank-to-
blade ratio.
➢ They are constructed of stainless steel
and may have tungsten carbide cutting
surface inserts.
➢ The blades can be curved or straight,
and the tips are usually blunt. This is the
most common type of scissors used in
organ operations.
❑ (8). Bonney scissors
❑ (9). Episiotomy Scissors/ perineorrhaphy
➢ Episiotomy Scissors, which may also known as Braun-Stadler Episiotomy Scissors, are
used to perform episiotomies during labor and delivery.
➢ These non-ratcheted, finger ring scissors are angled with smooth, blunt/blunt tips, and a
length of 8-1/2 inches.
➢ This is used for giving episiotomy. • Episiotomy is given in primi ( rigid perineum) before forceps or
vacuum OR in breech delivery and in preterm delivery. • Episiotomy is usually given under local
anesthesia ( 1% Xylocain) at the time of crowning of head.
❑ (10). Towel clip
➢ INDICATIONS
➢ It is used in draping the operative area abdominal or vagina
➢ The towels or sheets are fixed to the skin and each other with these clips
❑ (11). Barkelay bonney vaginal clamp
➢ INDICATION
➢ To occlude vaginal canal prior to cutting the vagina in wertheim’s hysterectomy
❑ (12). Bonney’s Hysterectomy Clamp Forceps
➢ Bonney's Hysterectomy Clamp Forceps incorporates T-shaped jaws for clamping the
vagina in Werthheim's operation.
➢ It is applied in a manner that reaches over the center of the uterus to avoid the ureters
located just laterally on both sides.
❑ (13). Punch biopsy forceps
➢ INDICATIONS
➢ To take biopsy from the cervix
➢ The biopsy is taken as an outdoor procedure without anaesthesia
➢ The site of biopsy is either from the suspected area or schiller’s iodine or colposcopy directed

Kevorkian Biopsy Forceps (Standard) SISCO Cervical Punch Biopsy Forceps

❑ (14). Dissecting forceps (toothed and non- toothed)
➢ Dissecting Non-Toothed Forceps is used in the reconstruction of eyelid surgery. These
forceps are small instruments, which can be handled with much ease. Our forceps are
used to grasp tiny tissues for treatment purpose. Moreover, these medical instruments can
be sterilized for further use.
➢ Toothed Dissecting Forceps are used to handle tissues and different materials and also use to
manipulate needles and other instruments while operating
❑ (15). Green Armytage Forceps

➢ INDICATIONS
➢ This forceps is used as a hemostat
in caesarean operation. As the tips
are broad wide area can be
compressed.
➢ In LSCS the cut uterine edges
bleed, this forceps is applied to the
two angles and lower and upper
edge of the incision.
➢ The common indications for LSCS
are fetal distress in first stage, CPD
(chronic pelvic disease) , abnormal
presentations like transverse lie ,
brow , breech in primi ,previous two
scars on the uterus.
❑ (16). Cusco's Speculum ( Duck’s Speculum)

➢ INDICATIONS

➢ Self retaining double bladed

vaginal speculum.

➢ Used in OPD for routine

examination. Because of limited
opening only few procedures
like taking of Pap smear ,
insertion and removal of Copper
T can be done
❑ (17). Doyen's Retractor

➢ Doyen Retractor is a broad based

retractor used to pull back soft tissues and
widen the surgical field.

➢ This is useful in laparotomies and pelvic

surgeries like abdominal hysterectomy and
caesarean section, as well as retractions of
the urinary bladder.

➢ The retractor has an overall length of 28 cm.

❑ (18). Deaver Retractor
➢ Deaver Retractor is a large, handheld retractor commonly used to hold back the abdominal
wall during abdominal or thoracic procedures.
➢ It may also be used to move or hold organs away from the surgical site.
❑ (19). Balfour self retaining retractor

➢ Balfour Abdominal Retractor is a self-retaining

retractor used in laparotomy procedures.
➢ It may also be used for specific abdominal
procedures where the abdomen needs to be held
open for examination or evaluation, such as
cesarean sections and bowel resection.
❑ (20). Right Angle Retractor used for Tubectomy
/ landon’s bladder retractor
➢ INDICATIONS
➢ This instrument is used for retracting bladder during abdominal operations like LSCS ,
abdominal hysterectomy , laparotomy.
 ❑ Balfour self retaining retractor
➢ abdomen needs to be held open for examination or
evaluation
❑ Doyen's Retractor ❑ Deaver Retractor

➢ abdominal
hysterectomy

➢ retracting bladder
❑ Right Angle Retractor used for Tubectomy
/ landon’s bladder retractor

hold back the

abdominal wall
during
abdominal or
thoracic
procedures.
❑ (21). Auvard’s self retaining posterior vaginal speculum
➢ INDICATIONS
➢ It is used as posterior vaginal wall retractor in operations like anterior
colporrhaphy, vagina hysterectomy etc
➢ It should be used only when the operation is done under general or regional
anesthesia as the instrument is heavy.
➢ It requires no assistance.. (prolonged use may cause perineal pain in
postoperative period)
❑ (22). Sims' Anterior Vaginal Wall Retractor
➢ INDICATIONS
➢ This instrument is used with Sim's Speculum.
➢ Its a long instrument with blunt loops at both the
ends making an angle for easy visualization of
cervix and vagina, especially useful in case of
cystocele
❑ (23). Sims' Speculum

➢ INDICATIONS
➢ Sims' vaginal speculum is a double-bladed
surgical instrument used for examining the
vagina and cervix.
➢ Sims Speculum is used for inspection of
vagina and cervix in the OPD.
➢ It retracts posterior vaginal wall.
➢ For complete visualization anterior vaginal
wall retractor must be used.
❑ (24). Sponge Holder / Sponge holding forceps
➢ INDICATIONS
➢ This instrument is used for holding sponge or a gauze piece for painting the area before operation.
➢ This also used for grasping the cervix is obstetrics in Os tightening operation.
➢ Second trimester MTP ( to hold the cervix before insertion of Foleys catheter)
➢ In exploring cervix after forceps delivery (three sponge holding forceps are used).
➢ In LSCS this can be used instead of Green Armytage for clamping the bleeding edges of uterine
incision)
❑ (25). Uterine dressing forceps
➢ INDICATION
➢ To swab the uterine cavity following D+E
operation with a small gauze piece.
➢ To dilate the cervix in lochiometra or pyometra
➢ To plug the uterine cavity with gauze twigs in
continued bleeding after removal of polyp