Learning Area Science Grade Level 6

W6-8 Quarter 3rd Date

I. LESSON TITLE Simple Machines

II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELCs)
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT
Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES
Timeframe
A. Introduction Day 1 & 2
Panimula
Demonstrate the practical and safe uses of simple machines. (S6FE-IIId-f-2)
Manipulate simple machines to describe their characteristics and uses.
(S6FE-IIIg-i-3)
Energy transformation in simple machines.
Learning Activities
In this lesson, you will learn how to safely use the simple machines and
demonstrate safety measures to prevent accidents with machines. Also, you
will understand the uses and description of each simple machine.
Machines will help you make your tasks easier and quicker. Moreover,
accidents may happen when machines break down or when used
improperly. You can get cut by sharp tools. They may also tumble off your
bikes or even get injured when operating simple machines.
What are simple machines? Simple machines are machines that have
been used since ancient times. These have been developed to make work
lighter and less difficult.
There are six simple machines, namely: lever, wheel and axle, inclined
plane, wedge, screw, and pulley. Each simple machine has its own use and
has different functions. These will help you do work in many ways. It can
transfer force from one place to another. It can increase the amount of force
you apply to a certain task. It can also change the distance, speed, and
direction of the force.
When using the simple machines, you must practice precautionary
measures to avoid accident.
Safety with sharp objects
1. Use sharp tools under adult supervision. Ask for help when having
difficulty in using.
2. Choose tools of the right size for your hands. Tools that are too large
for your hands can slip while in use and will cause danger.
1. When using sharp tools, give your full attention to what you are doing.
Make sure that you have good lighting so you can clearly see the
tools and your hands.
2. Keep, clean, and return sharp tools to their proper places or storage.
Do not leave tools scattered around your house.
Safety on ramps
1. Look out for and avoid slippery spots.
2. Hold on the handrails.
3. Do not run down or race on ramps.
4. Be extra careful in bringing down patients on wheelchair, baby on
strollers, or grocery carts.
Safety on pulley
1. Check the ropes if at the right gauge (thick enough) and are in good
condition (not yet brittle or frayed).
2. Make sure that the knots are tied correctly. If not sure, have it
checked by experts.
3. If you like doing activities like ziplining or wall climbing, check the
reputation of the place, competence of attendants, and durability
of facilities before you do the ride.
4. Have safety nets and back-up ropes in case the main supporting
rope snaps.
Some products have safety symbols used to give
precautions on the danger when the product is not used
properly. Moreover, there are also symbols on highways
and streets that must be observed for safety purposes.
These symbols must be understood and be followed to Image taken from Google

avoid accidents. The symbol shown in the right side for instance means that
the road is slippery for vehicles with tires or wheels.
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
Simple machines include lever which is a straight or curved rigid bar that is
free to turn about a fixed point. All levers have fulcrum or fixed point, point of
effort, and the load which is being moved. Levers are of three classes. Class
1 lever has fulcrum between effort and load; class 2 lever has the load
between effort and fulcrum; and class 3 lever has the effort between the load
and the fulcrum.
Another kind of simple machine is pulley. A pulley is a grooved wheel that
turns around an axle which is held in place by a mounting bracket. A rope or
wire moves along the wheel’s circumference. Pulley has three points of
interests namely: fulcrum, point of effort at the end of the rope, and the
resistance or load to be lifted.
An inclined plane is another kind of simple machine. It is a plane tilted in
an angle with one end higher than the other.
Another simple machine is a screw. It is a spiral inclined plane. It is
composed of cylindrical body with a spiral ridge called thread. The thread
surrounds from the tip to the head. On the other hand, an inclined plane or
two inclined planes that meet each other to form a sharp edge is called a
wedge. Wedges are typically good for cutting and piercing.
Examples of wedges are knives, axes, pins, and nails.
The last kind of simple machine is the wheel and axle. It is a simple machine
that has small disk or shaft called an axle that is attached to a wheel. The
wheel may be a complete wheel or a crank that turns like a wheel. Examples
of wheel and axle are doorknobs, steering wheels, screw driver, pencil
sharpeners and meat grinders among others.
B. Development Day 3-7 Learning Task 1: Make a list of safety precautions a person must take when
Pagpapaunlad using the following simple machines. Do this on your answer sheet.
Precautionary measures when using…
Scissors Ax Hammer Staple
1. 1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 2. 2.
3. 3. 3. 3.
4. 4. 4. 4.
5. 5. 5. 5.
Learning Task 2: Draw/cut and paste symbols/signs or pictures that show
precautionary measures when using simple machines. Indicate the
precautions that the symbols tell. Do these on your answer sheets.
Symbols of Some Precautionary Measures Used

Learning Task 3: Put a (✓) check mark on the object that is an example of a
simple machine and a () cross on the object that is not a simple machine.
Do these on your answer sheet.

Learning Task 4: Perform this activity on your answer sheet.

Activity Title: Constructing Simple Machine
Materials:
A - 1-foot ruler, pencil, and paperweight
B – paper and pencil
Procedures:
A. 1. Tape a pencil on your tabletop. Let this be the fulcrum.
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
3. Let a hard 1-foot ruler rest on top of the pencil, with the 6-inch mark
right on the fulcrum.
4. Place the rectangular paperweight at the 5-inch mark.
5. Lift the weight by pressing your finger on points at the other side of the
fulcrum.
6. Observe where it will take less effort to lift the load—at points closer to
or farther away from the fulcrum?
B. 1. Cut a piece of paper into a triangle.
2. Wrap the paper around a pencil. See that the inclined plane “ramp”
of the paper is now spiraled around the length of the pencil. You now
have a paper model of a screw.
3. Starting from the end of your pencil, trace the thread of the screw with
your finger. See how your finger spirals its way up to the top of the
pencil.
Questions:
Answer the following on your answer sheet.
1. What will happen if you use a triangle with a steeper inclination?
2. What will happen if the triangle has a less steep inclination?
3. How will the new and old screws be compared?
Learning Task 5: Look around your home. Take note of the simple machines
that you see. List down all the things that you think are examples of a simple
machine or a combination of simple machines.
Home:
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
Learning Task 6: Identify which of the pictures below is a lever. Put an cross
mark () on the drawing or illustration that you think is not a lever.

C. Engagement Day 8-10 Learning Task 7: Answer the following questions. Do these on your answer
Pakikipagpalihan sheet.
1. Why are simple machines important? Cite everyday activities where
simple machines are used.
2. Knowing the nature of simple machines, would you consider some
parts of the human body as simple machines? Why or why not? Also,
give examples of parts of the human body that you think are like
simple machines.
Learning Task 8: Create a marketing strategy for a new product on simple
machine and its efficiency. Present it using short bond paper. Make use of the
rubric below.
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
Assessment Criteria Level of Proficiency
Legend: 3-Very Good; 2-Good; 1-Needs Improvement 3 2 1
1. Details of information given.
2. Organization of ideas.
3. Concepts and integration of lessons learned.
4. Materials used for the output.
5. Presentation of output.

D. Assimilation Day 11 Remember that simple machines discussed in this lesson are:
Paglalapat ▪ Simple machines are simple tools that make work easier and faster.
▪ Simple machines can be categorized as: inclined plane, lever, pulley,
screw, wedge, and wheel and axle.
▪ Simple machines help us lift, pull, change the direction of the force,
split, cut or fasten things.
▪ We all use simple machines everyday: to open a door, to turn on the
water faucet, to tie up our shoelaces, to go up or down a flight of
stairs, or even just to eat.
Learning Task 9: Answer the following. Remember what you have learned
about simple machines. Write your explanations on your answer sheet.
1. It is Linda’s first day on her job as a saleslady. Her task is to put canned
goods on the shelf. Give suggestions on how Linda should do the task
easily.
2. Again, based on your suggestions, what is the best way to accomplish
the task, and why?
3. What do you think of the inclined plane? How do you think will it make
Linda’s task easier?
V. ASSESSMENT Day 12 Learning Task 10:
(Learning Activity Sheets for 1. Answer “Let’s Check: A and B” on pp. 164-165 of Science Beyond Borders
Enrichment, Remediation or
Assessment to be given on Weeks
6 Textbook. Write your answers on your answer sheet. (20 items)
3 and 6) 2. Answer “Let’s Check” on p. 174 of Science Beyond Borders 6 Textbook.
Write your answers on your answer sheet. (5 items)
VI. REFLECTION Day 13 On your notebook, write your personal insights about the lesson by
completing the phrase below.
I understand that ________________________________________________________.
I realize that _____________________________________________________________.
I need to learn more about ______________________________________________.

Prepared by: PHIL CHRISTIAN A. MERINO Checked by: Carmela Ezcel A. Orogo, EPS
SDO Quezon Jee-Ann O. Borines, EPS
Abner L. Pureza, EPS

References: Science Beyond Borders 6 Textbook pp. 170-175; pp. 157-165.

https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/1506

Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance

Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working on each given task. Draw it in the box for Level of
Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below.
- I was able to do/perform the tasks without any difficulty. The tasks helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
- I was able to do/perform the tasks. It was quite challenging but it still helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
- I was not able to do/perform the tasks. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to be able to do/perform
this task.
My Level of Performance
Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP
Number 1 Number 3 Number 5 Number 7 Number 9
Number 2 Number 4 Number 6 Number 8 Number 10