Final SB BT

Quiz 7: Sampling Distribution
A university surveyed recent graduates of the English department for their starting salaries. Four
hundred graduates returned the survey. The average salary was $25,000. The population standard
deviation was $2,500. What is the 95% confidence interval for the mean salary of all graduates from the
English department?
A) [$24,988; $25,012]
B) [$24,755; $25,245]
C) [$24,600; $25,600]
D) [$22,500; $27,500]
2) Suppose 1,342 of 2,200 registered voters sampled said they planned to vote for the Republican
candidate for president. Using the 0.95 degree of confidence, what is the interval estimate for the
population proportion (to the nearest 10th of a percent)?
A) 59.0% to 63.0% B) 57.3% to 64.7% C) 58.5% to 63.5% D) 50.0% to 67.6%
3) The distribution of Student's t has ___________.
A) a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
B) a mean of zero and a standard deviation that depends on the sample size
C) a mean of one and a standard deviation of one
D) a mean that depends on the sample size and a standard deviation of one
4) A bank wishes to estimate the mean credit card balance owed by its customers. The population
standard deviation is estimated to be $300. If a 98% confidence interval is used and anmargin of error of
$81 is desired, how many customers should be sampled?
A) 533 B) 188 C) 32 D) 75
Vs z=2,33
5) A random sample of 42 college graduates revealed that they worked an average of 7.4 years on the
job before being promoted. The sample standard deviation was 3.0 years. Using the 0.99 degree of
confidence, what is the confidence interval for the population mean?
A) 6.15 and 8.65 B) 5.51 and 9.29 C) 6.17 and 8.63 D) 3.22 and 12.37
N =df=42-1=41 => t=2.701
6) Sampling error is the difference between a sample statistic and its corresponding ______.
A) trend B) sample mean C) variance D) population parameter
7) A local retail company wants to estimate the mean amount spent by customers. Their store's budget
limits the number of surveys to 225. What is their maximum error of the estimated mean amount spent
for a 99% level of confidence and an estimated standard deviation of $10.00?
A) 1% B) $10.00 C) $1.00 D) $1.72
Z=2.57
8) A research firm needs to estimate within 3% the proportion of junior executives leaving large
manufacturing companies within three years. A 0.95 degree of confidence is to be used. Several years
ago, a study revealed that 36% of junior executives left their company within three years. To update this
study, how many junior executives should be surveyed?
A) 869 B) 984 C) 887 D) 1,17

Z=1.96
9) The size of the standard error is ______.
A) inversely related to the population standard deviation—in other words, the smaller the standard
deviation, the larger the standard error
B) directly related to the population mean—in other words, the larger the mean, the larger the standard
error
C) inversely related to the sample size—in other words, the larger the sample size, the smaller the
standard error
D) directly related to the sample size—in other words, the larger the sample size, the larger the standard
error
10) A population has a known standard deviation of 25. A simple random sample of 49 items is taken
from the selected population. The sample mean (x-bar) is 300. What is the margin of error at the 95%
confidence level?
A) ±49 B) ±93 C) ±7 D) ±0.714
Quiz 8: One-sample hypothesis test
1) "My careful physical examination shows no evidence of any serious problem," said Doctor Morpheus.
"However, a very costly lab test can be performed to check for the rare condition known as estomalgia
fatalis. The test is almost invariably negative for persons with your age and symptoms. My personal
hypothesis is that the occasional stomach pain you reported is due to indigestion caused by eating tacos
with too much hot sauce. But you must decide for yourself." As you consider your doctor's hypothesis,
what would be the consequence of Type I error on your part?
A) You will waste money on an unnecessary lab test.
B) Your survivors will enjoy a sizeable malpractice award.
C) It cannot be determined without knowing the type of test.
D) Your estomalgia fatalis will go undetected
2) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the t distribution?
A) It is a continuous distribution.
B) It is similar to the z distribution when n is small.
C) It has a mean of zero.
D) It a symmetric distribution.
N nho => t>z

3) In a left-tailed test, a statistician got a z test statistic of −1.720. What is the p-value?
A) .4292 B) .0301 C) .0709 D) .0427
Normal cd
Lower -1.72
Norm.s.dist(-1.72,1)
4) In the nation of Gondor, the EPA requires that half the new cars sold will meet a certain particulate
emission standard a year later. A sample of 64 one-year-old cars revealed that only 24 met the
particulate emission standard. The test statistic to see whether the proportion is below the requirement
is
A) −2.066 B) −1.645 C) −1.960 D) −2.000
5) A study over a 10-year period showed that a certain mammogram test had a 50 percent rate of false
positives. This indicates that
A) about half the tests indicated cancer.
B) about half the tests missed a cancer that exists.
C) about half the tests showed a cancer that did not exist.
D) about half the women tested actually had no cancer.
6) At α = .05, the critical value to test the hypotheses H0: π ≥ .40, H1: π < .40 would be
A) −1.960 B) −2.326 C) impossible to determine without more information. D) −1.645
Norm.s.inv(0.05)
7) Last year, 10 percent of all teenagers purchased a new iPhone. This year, a sample of 260 randomly
chosen teenagers showed that 39 had purchased a new iPhone. The test statistic to find out whether the
percentage has risen would be
A) 2.687 B) 2.258 C) 2.758 D) .0256
8) The process that produces Sonora Bars (a type of candy) is intended to produce bars with a mean
weight of 56 gm. The process standard deviation is known to be 0.77 gm. A random sample of 49 candy
bars yields a mean weight of 55.82 gm. Which are the hypotheses to test whether the mean is smaller
than it is supposed to be?
A) H 0: μ = 56, H 1: μ ≠ 56
B) H 0: μ ≤ 56, H 1: μ > 56
C) H 0: μ < 56, H 1: μ ≥ 56
D) H 0: μ ≥ 56, H 1: μ < 56
H1: ung ho gt
9) A sample of 16 ATM transactions shows a mean transaction time of 67 seconds with a standard
deviation of 12 seconds. Find the test statistic to decide whether the mean transaction time exceeds 60
seconds.
A) 1.848 B) 2.037 C) 2.333 D) 1.457
10) After testing a hypothesis regarding the mean, we decided not to reject H0. Thus, we are exposed to
A) Type I error. B) neither Type I nor Type II error. C) either Type I or Type II error. D) Type II error
Type I error: Reject the true null hypothesis

Type II error: Fail to reject the false null hypothesis
In a large lecture class, the professor announced that the scores on a recent exam were normally
distributed with a range from 51 and 87. Using the Empirical Rule µ ± 3σ to estimate σ, how many
students would you need to sample to estimate the true mean score for the class with 90 percent
confidence and an error of ± 2?
a.
About 35 students
b.
About 25 students
c.
About 188 students
d.
About 17 students
Jolly Blue Giant Health Insurance (JBGHI) is concerned about rising lab test costs and would like to know
what proportion of the positive lab tests for prostate cancer are actually proven correct through
subsequent biopsy. JBGHI demands a sample large enough to ensure an error of ± 2% with 90%
confidence. What is the necessary sample size?
a.
1,604
b.
1,691
c.
2,401
d.
4,148
In which situation may the sample proportion safely be assumed to follow a

normal distribution?
Select one:
a.
n = 500, π = .01.
b.
n = 100, π = .06.
c.
n = 30, π = .50.
d.
n = 250, π = .02.
1. Regarding the probability of Type I error () and Type II error (), which statement is true? A.  > . B.
 < . C.  +  = 1. D. Power = 1 - .
2. You are driving a van packed with camping gear (total weight 3,500 pounds including yourself and
family) into a northern wilderness area. You take a "short cut" which turns into a one-lane road, with no
room to turn around. After 11 miles you come to a narrow bridge with a faded sign saying "Safe Up to 2
Tons". About a half-mile ahead, you can see that your road rejoins the main highway. You consider the
sign's hypothesis carefully before making a decision. The cost of Type I error is A. you pass safely over
the bridge and everyone's happy. B. about $23,900, not including medical bills. C. you will find out just
how cold that river actually is. D. your kids will think you're a chicken.
3. For a right-tailed test of a hypothesis for a population mean with n = 14, the value of the test statistic
was 1.863. The p-value is A. between .05 and .025. B. between .10 and .05. C. greater than .10. D. less
than .01.
4. When testing the hypothesis H0:  = 100 with n = 100 and 2 = 100, we find that the sample mean is
97. The test statistic is A. -3.00 B. -10.00 C. -0.300 D. -0.030
5. Which of the following is not a valid null hypothesis? A. H0:   0 B. H0:   0 C. H0:   0 D. H0:  = 0
6. In the nation of Gondor, the EPA requires that half the new cars sold will meet a certain particulate
emission standard a year later. A sample of 64 one-year old cars revealed that only 24 met the
particulate emission standard. The test statistic to see whether the proportion is below the requirement
is A. -1.645 B. -2.066 C. -2.000 D. -1.96
7. In a test of a mean, the reported p-value is .025. Using  =.05 the conclusion would be to A. accept
the null hypothesis. B. reject the null hypothesis. C. fail to reject the null hypothesis. D. gather more
evidence due to inconclusive results.
8. The Melodic Kortholt Company will change its current health plan if at least half the employees are
dissatisfied with it. A trial sample of 25 employees shows that 16 are dissatisfied. For a right-tailed test,
the test statistic would be A. 1.227 B. 1.375 C. 1.400 D. 1.115
9. In a right-tail test, a statistician got a z test statistic of 1.469. What is the p-value? A. .4292 B. .0709 C. .
0874 D. .9292
10. In a left-tail test, a statistician got a z test statistic of - 1.720. What is the p-value? A. .4292 B. .0709 C.
.0427 D. .0301
Quiz 9: Two-sample hypothesis test
1) Assuming the population variances are known, the variance of the distribution of differences between
two independent population means is ________.
A) the sum of the two means
B) the sum of the two sample sizes for each population
C) the sum of the two variances of the two sampling distributions
D) the sum of the two standard deviations of the two sampling distributions
2) A recent study focused on the number of times men and women send a Twitter message in a day. The
information is summarized here.
At the 0.01 significance level, we ask if there is a difference in the mean number of times men and
women send a Twitter message in a day. Assume that women are population 1 and men are population
2. What is the value of the test statistic for this hypothesis test?
A) 2.777 B) 2.869 C) 2.873 D) 2.603

3) The net weights (in grams) of a sample of bottles filled by a machine manufactured by Edne, and the
net weights of a sample filled by a similar machine manufactured by Orno, Inc., are shown here.
Testing the claim at the 0.05 level that the mean weight of the bottles filled by the Orno machine is
greater than the mean weight of the bottles filled by the Edne machine, what is the critical value?
Assume unknown but equal population standard deviations for both samples.
A) +1.761 B) +1.782 C) +2.179 D) +2.145
4) An investigation of the effectiveness of a training program to improve customer relationships included

a pre-training and a post-training customer survey. To compare the differences, they computed post-
training survey score − pre-training survey score. Seven customers were randomly selected and
completed both surveys. The results are shown here.
What is the value of the test statistic?
A) 3.936 B) 4.488 C) 4.583 D) 3.984
5) Two samples, one of size 21 and the second of size 20, are selected to test the difference between
two independent population means. How many degrees of freedom are used to find the critical value?
Assume the population standard deviations are unknown but equal.
A) 41 B) 39 C) 21 D) 40
5b n1+n2-2
6) The results of a mathematics placement exam at two different campuses of Mercy College follow:
The college wants to test the hypothesis that the mean score on Campus 1 is higher than on Campus 2
using a 0.05 level of significance. What is the computed value of the test statistic?
A) 3.410 B) 3.381 C) 2.583 D) 1.651

7) When testing the difference between two independent population means, the sample variances are
pooled to estimate the population variance when ________.
A) the population variances are assumed unequal and unknown
B) the population variances are assumed equal but unknown
C) the population means are known
D) the population variances are known and equal9b
10) If two dependent samples of size 20 are used to test the difference between the means, the degrees
of freedom for a t-statistic are 19 ⊚ true
Chap 10:
1. In a left-tailed test comparing two means with unknown variances assumed to be equal, the test
statistic was t = -1.81 with sample sizes of n1 = 8 and n2 = 12. The p-value would be:
between .025 and .05
2. In a test for equality of two proportions, the sample proportions were p1 = 12/50 and p2 = 18/50. The
pooled proportion is:
0.3
3. John wants to compare two means. His sample statistics were Picture and Picture. Assuming equal
variances, the test statistic is:
2.20
5. Management of Melodic Kortholt Company compared absenteeism rates in two plants on the third
Monday in November. Of Plant A's 800 employees, 120 were absent. Of Plant B's 1200 employees, 144
were absent. To compare the two proportions, the pooled proportion is:
0.132
9. A certain psychological theory predicts that men want bigger families than women. Kate asked each
student in her psychology class how many children he or she considered ideal for a married couple and
obtained the Excel results shown below at α = .05
We cannot reject the hypothesis of equal population means.
10. Nacirema Airlines is buying a fleet of new fuel-efficient planes. The HogJet and the LitheJet both
meet their price and performance needs, and both planes meet EPA noise guidelines. However, the
quieter plane is preferred. Each plane is flown through a typical takeoff and landing sequence 10 times,
while remote sensors at ground level record the noise levels (in decibels). The table below summarizes
the sound level tests using Excel's default level of significance (α = 0.05).
10. realize that the decision isn't
affected by our assumptions
concerning the variance.
realize that the decision isn't affected by our assumptions concerning the variance.
12. Litter sizes (number of pups) for randomly chosen dogs from two breeds were compared. The
sample data were entered into Excel, and the following results were produced.
-1.721
13. Litter sizes (number of pups) for randomly chosen dogs from two breeds were compared. The
sample data were entered into Excel, and the following results were produced.
More than 0.10
14. During a test period, an experimental group of 10 vehicles using an 85 percent ethanol-gasoline
mixture showed mean CO2 emissions of 667 pounds per 1000 miles, with a standard deviation of 20
pounds. A control group of 14 vehicles using regular gasoline showed mean CO2 emissions of 679
pounds per 1000 miles with a standard deviation of 15 pounds. Assuming equal variances, the pooled
variance is:
296.59
15. Mary did an analysis of acute care variances in samples of occupancy rates at two community
hospitals and obtained the following results:
No, there isn't enough evidence to believe the variances are unequal
16. A medical researcher wondered if there is a significant difference between the mean birth weight of
boy and girl babies. Random samples of 5 babies' weights (pounds) for each gender showed the
following:
independent samples t-test
17. In a test of a new surgical procedure, the five most respected surgeons in FlatBroke Township were
invited to Carver Hospital. Each surgeon was assigned two patients of the same age, gender, and overall
health. One patient was operated upon in the old way, and the other in thenew way. Both procedures
are considered equally safe. The surgery times are shown below
Paired t-test
18. A corporate analyst is testing whether mean inventory turnover has increased. Inventory turnover in
six randomly chosen product distribution centers (PDCs) is shown.
4.032
19. The table below shows the mean number of daily errors by air traffic controller trainees during the
first two weeks on the job. We want to perform a paired t-test at α = .05 to see if the mean daily errors
decreased significantly.
21. A medical researcher compared the variances in birth weights for five randomly chosen babies of
each gender, with the Mega Stat results shown below.
may be assumed equal at any customary α
22. Does the Speedo Fast skin II Male Hi-Neck Body skin competition racing swimsuit improve a
swimmer's 200-yard individual medley performance times? A test of 100 randomly chosen male varsity
swimmers at several different universities showed that 66 enjoyed improved times, compared with only
54 of 100 female varsity swimmers. In comparing the proportions of males versus females, is it safe to
assume normality?
Yes, clearly.
24. The F distribution is never negative and is always skewed right.
25. When the variances are unknown, a test comparing two independent sample means would use
the Student's t distribution
T
26. When using independent samples to test the difference between two population means, a pooled
variance is used if the population variances are unknown and assumed equal.
27. When using independent samples to test the difference between two population means, it is
desirable but not necessary for the sample sizes to be the same
28. The test statistic in an F test for equal variances is the ratio of the sample variances.
29. When testing the difference between two population proportions, it is necessary to use the same
size sample from each population.
30. When the variances are known, a test comparing two independent sample means would use the
standard normal distribution.
31. The difference between two sample proportions p1 - p2 may be assumed normally distributed if
each sample has at least 10 "successes" and 10 "failures.
32. A paired t-test with two columns of 8 observations in each column would use d.f. = 7.
33. A paired t-test with two columns of 10 observations in each column would use d.f. = 18.
34. The F test is used to test for the equality of two population variances.
35. A pooled proportion is calculated by giving each sample proportion an equal weight.
36. If we reject the null hypothesis using the p-value method then
a. Can't tell from given information
b. We fail to reject the null hypothesis using the rejection region method
c. We always reject the null hypothesis using the rejection region method
d. We might reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis using the rejection region method
37. Which of the following is an example of a two-sample hypothesis test?
a. Is the average service time at a restaurant different than 20 minutes?
b. Is the average service time at a restaurant different between Friday and Saturday night?
c. Is the average service time at a restaurant less than 20 minutes?
d. Is the average service time at a restaurant more than 20 minutes
38. For a two-sample hypothesis test of variances, we would use the:
a. Student t distribution
b. Standard Normal Distribution
c. Chi-square distribution
d. F distribution
39. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the F distribution?
a. It is a family based on two sets of degrees of freedom.
b. It describes the ratio of two sample means.
c. It is a continuous distribution.
d. It is always a positive number
40. We pool the sample variances when
a. Comparing two paired means
b. Comparing two means with unknown variances (assumed unequal)
c. Comparing two means with known variances
d. Comparing two means with unknown variances (assumed equal)
41. In practice, which of the following tests is more realistic?
a. All of the options are realistic
b. Comparing two means (independent samples) with unknown variances assumed unequal
c. Comparing two means (independent samples) with unknown variances assumed equal
d. Comparing two means (independent samples) with known variances
42. Using the p-value method, we reject the null hypothesis if p-value is less than alpha
a. Only when comparing two variances
b. Only when comparing two means from independent samples
c. Only when comparing two means from a paired sample
d. In any type of hypothesis test
e. Only when comparing two proportions
43. "Currently, only 20 percent of arrested drug pushers are convicted," cried candidate Courageous
Calvin in a campaign speech. "Elect me and you'll see a big increase in convictions." A year after his
election a random sample of 144 case files of arrested drug pushers showed 36 convictions. For a right-
tailed test, the p-value is approximately:
a) 0.9332
b) 0.0668
c) 0.0435
d) 0.0250
44. A psychology researcher has a theory that predicts women will tend to carry more cash than men. A
random sample of Ersatz University students revealed that 16 females had a mean of $22.30 in their
wallets with a standard deviation of $3.20, while 16 males had a mean of $17.30 with a standard
deviation of $9.60. The researcher's hypothesis would lead us to perform a"
a) right-tailed test.
b) left-tailed test.
c) two-tailed test
45. A random sample of Ersatz University students revealed that 16 females had a mean of $22.30 in
their wallets with a standard deviation of $3.20, while 6 males had a mean of $17.30 with a standard
deviation of $9.60. The value of the test statistic for a test of equal variances (F calc) is
A. 0.333
B. 0.111
C. 9.00
D. 3.00
46. A psychological researcher has a theory that predicts women will tend to carry more cash than men.
A random sample of Ersatz University students revealed that 16 females had a mean of $22.30 in their
wallets with a standard deviation of $3.20, while 16 males had a mean of $17.30 with a standard
deviation of $9.60.The test statistic for the researcher's hypothesis is
A. Impossible to determine without knowing a.
B. 1.250
C. 1.504
D. 1.976
47. The population means:
a) When there is no difference in the variances
b) When the treatment means are the same
c) When the observations are normally distributed
d) The F-test statistic cannot ever be zero
48. Does the Speedo Fastskin II Male Hi-Neck Bodyskin competition racing swimsuit improve a
swimmer's 200-yard individual medley performance times? A test of 100 randomly chosen male varsity
swimmers at several different universities showed that 66 enjoyed improved times, compared with only
54 of 100 female varsity swimmers. To test for equality in the proportions of men versus women who
experienced improvement, the test statistic is approximately:
A. 1.73
B. 1.47
C. 2.31
D. Can't tell without knowing the tail of the test.
Combined proportion is p c = (66 + 54)/(100 + 100) = .60, so z calc = (.66 - .54)/[.60(1 - .60)/100 + .60(1 - .
60)/100]^1/2 = 1.73
49. Group 1 has a mean of 13.4 and group 2 has a mean of 15.2. Both populations are known to have a
variance of 9.0 and each sample consists of 18 items. What is the test statistic to test for equality of
population means?
A.-1.75 5
B.-1.643
C.-1.800
D.-1.285
z calc = (13.4 - 15.2)/ [9.0/18 + 9.0/18] 1/2 = -1.800
50. Which is not a type of comparison for which you would anticipate a two-sample test?
A. Before versus After.
B. Old versus New
C. Current versus Target.
D. Experimental versus Control
51. Assuming unequal variances in a t-test for a zero difference of two means, we would:
A. sum the degrees of freedom for each sample.
B. use the larger degrees of freedom for simplicity.
C. use a complicated formula for the degrees of freedom.
D. use a z-test to be conservative in the calculation
52. At Huge University, a sample of 200 business school seniors showed that 26 planned to pursue an
MBA degree, compared with 120 of 800 arts and sciences seniors. We want to know if the proportion is
higher in the arts and sciences group. For this test, the assumption of normality is
a. a borderline call.
b. clearly justified.
c. clearly unjustified
53. At Huge University, a sample of 200 business school seniors showed that 26 planned to pursue an
MBA degree, compared with 120 of 800 arts and sciences seniors. We want to know if the proportion is
higher in the arts and sciences group. The p-value for a left-tailed test is approximately:
a) .38
b) .48
c) .24
d) .51
54. Two well-known aviation training schools are being compared using random samples of their
graduates. It is found that 70 of 140 graduates of Fly-More Academy passed their FAA exams on the first
try, compared with 104 of 260 graduates of Blue Yonder Institute. To compare the two proportions, the
assumption of normality of the test statistic is:
a) justified, but it is a borderline case.
b) clearly justified.
c) clearly not justified
try, compared with 104 of 260 graduates of Blue Yonder Institute. In a right-tailed test, theconclusion at
a = .05 is that we should
A. reject the hypothesis of equal proportions.
B. not reject the hypothesis of equal proportions.
C. change the a to .10 to get a rejection.
try, compared with 104 of 260 graduates of Blue Yonder Institute. To compare the pass rates, the pooled
proportion would be:
A. . 500
B. . 435
C. . 400
D. . 345
Combined proportion is p c = (70 + 104)/(140 + 260) = .435
57. Carver Memorial Hospital's surgeons have a new procedure that they think will decrease the
variance in the time it takes to perform an appendectomy. A sample of 8 appendectomies using the old
method had a variance of 36 minutes, while a sample of 10 appendectomies using the experimental
method had a variance of 16 minutes. At α = . 10 in a two-tailed test for equal variances, the critical
values are:
a) 0.272 and 3.29
b) 0.299 and 3.07
c) 0.368 and 2.51
d) -1.645 and +1.645
58. Carver Memorial Hospital's surgeons have a new procedure that they think will decrease the
variance in the time it takes to perform an appendectomy. A sample of 8 appendectomies using the old
method had a variance of 36 minutes, while a sample of 10 appendectomies using the experimental
method had a variance of 16 minutes. The value of the test statistic for a test of equal variances (F calc)
is
A. 2.25
B. 1.50
C. 1.31
D. 5.06
59. Carver Memorial Hospital's surgeons have a new procedure that they think will decrease the time to
perform an appendectomy. A sample of 8 appendectomies using the old method had a mean of 38
minutes with a variance of 36 minutes, while a sample of 10 appendectomies using the experimental
method had a mean of 29 minutes with a variance of 16 minutes. For a right-tail test for equal means
(assume equal variances), the critical value at α = .10 is:
A. 1.746
B. 1.337
C. 2.120
D. 2.754
For d.f. = ( n 1- 1) + ( n 2- 1) = 7 + 9 = 16, we get t .10 = 1.337.

method had a mean of 29 minutes with a variance of 16 minutes. For a right-tail test of means (assume
equal variances) the pooled variance is
A. 14.76
B. 26.00
C. 24.75
D. 27.54
method had a mean of 29 minutes with a variance of 16 minutes. At a = .10, what conclusion can be
made in a two-tailed test for equal population variances?
A. We cannot reject equal variances.
B. We conclude that variances are unequal.
C. We can't tell without more information
63. In a test of a new surgical procedure, the five most respected surgeons in FlatBroke Township were
invited to Carver Hospital. Each surgeon was assigned two patients of the same age, gender, and overall
health. One patient was operated upon in the old way, and the other in the new way. Both procedures
are considered equally safe. The time (in minutes) to complete each procedure was carefully recorded.
In a right-tail test for a difference of means at α = .05, the test type and critical value are
a. 1.645, independent samples t-test
b. 2.132, paired t-test
c. 2.776, independent samples t-test
d. 3.162, paired t-test
64. A new policy of "flex hours" is proposed. Random sampling showed that 28 of 50 female workers
favored the change, while 22 of 50 male workers favored the change. Management wonders if there is a
difference between the two groups. For a test comparing the two proportions, the assumption of
normality is
A. clearly justified.
B. clearly unjustified.
C. a borderline call.
difference between the two groups. What is the p-value for a two-tailed test?
A. . 384 9
B. . 1151
C. . 2301
D. . 3453
Combined proportion is p c = (28 + 22)/(50 + 50) = .50, so z calc = (.56 - .44)/[.50(1 - .50)/50 + 50(1- .
50)/50] 1/2 = -1.20 and 2 × P ( Z < -1.20 ) = 2 × . 1151 = .2302
difference between the two groups. What is the test statistic to compare the two proportions?
A. 1.321
B. 1.287
C. 1.200
D. -1.255
67. Of 200 youthful gamers (under 18) who tried the new Z-Box-Plus game, 160 rated it "excellent,"
compared with only 144 of 200 adult gamers (18 or over). The 95 percent confidence interval for the
difference of proportions would be approximately:
A. [+.013, +.263].
B. [-.014, +.188].
C. [-.003, +.163].
D. [+.057, +.261]
Of 200 youthful gamers (under 18) who tried the new Z-Box-Plus game, 160 rated it "excellent,"
compared with only 144 of 200 adult gamers (18 or over). The test statistic to test if the two proportions
differed significantly would be
a. 1645
b. 1.960
c. 1.873
d. 1448
68. Of 200 youthful gamers (under 18) who tried the new Z-Box-Plus game, 160 rated it "excellent",
compared with only 144 of 200 adult gamers (18 or over). The p-value for a right-tailed test to compare
the two proportions would be approximately
A. .042
B. .061
C. .080
D. .095
69. Of 200 youthful gamers (under 18) who tried the new Z-Box-Plus game, 160 rated it "excellent",
compared with only 144 of 200 adult gamers (18 or over). The pooled proportion for a test to compare
the two proportions would be
A. 0.7600
B. 0.7200
C. 0.7724
D. Must know a to answer.

70. In a test comparing two proportions, the sample proportions were p1= 12/50 and p2= 18/50. The
pooled proportion is
A. .20
B. .24
C. .36
D. .30
71. During a test period, an experimental group of 10 vehicles using an 85% ethanol-gasoline mixture
showed mean CO2 emissions of 240 pounds per 100 miles, with a standard deviation of 20 pounds. A
control group of 14 vehicles using regular gasoline showed mean CO2 emissions of 252 pounds per 100
miles with a standard deviation of 15 pounds. At a = 0.05, in a left-tailed test, the critical value to
compare the means (assuming equal variances) is
A. -2.508
B. -2.074
C. -1.321
D. -1.717
d.f = 10 + 14 - 2 => appendix d
miles with a standard deviation of 15 pounds. To test for equal variances in a two-tailed test at a = .10,
the critical values are
A. 0.328 and 2.71
B. 0.420 and 2.16
C. 0.246 and 4.19
D. 0.338 and 3.94
miles with a standard deviation of 15 pounds. The value of the test statistic for a test of equal variances
is
A. 1.78
B. 1.33
C. 1.05
D. 3.00
74. Jason wants to perform a two-tailed test for equality between two independent sample proportions.
Each sample has at least ten "successes" and 10 "failures." Jason's test statistic is -1.44. What is his p-
value?
A. .1498
B. .0749
C. .9251
D. Between .01 and .05
75. In a random sample of patient records in Cutter Memorial Hospital, six-month postoperative exams
were given in 90 out of 200 prostatectomy patients, while in Paymor Hospital such exams were given in
110 out of 200 cases. In comparing these two proportions, normality may be assumed because
A. the populations are large enough to be assumed normal.
B. the probability of success can reasonably be assumed constant.
C. the samples are random, so the proportions are unbiased estimates.
D. nn ≤ 10 and n(1 - n) ≤ 10 for each sample taken separately

Chap 11 ANOVA
One-factor ANOVA is a procedure intended to compare the variances of c samples.
Analysis of variance is a procedure intended to compare the means of c samples.
If you have four factors (call them A, B, C, and D) in an ANOVA experiment with replication, you could
have a maximum of four different two-factor interactions. F
Hartley's test measures the equality of the means for several groups. F
Hartley's test is to check for unequal variances for c groups. T
Comparison of c means in one-factor ANOVA can equivalently be done by using c individual t-tests on c
pairs of means at the same α. F
ANOVA assumes equal variances within each treatment group. T
Three-factor ANOVA is required if we have three treatment groups (i.e., three data columns). F
ANOVA assumes normal

populations.
T
ANOVA assumes normal
populations.
T
ANOVA assumes normal populations. T
Tukey's test compares pairs of treatment means in an ANOVA. T
Tukey's test is similar to a two-sample t-test except that it pools the variances for all c samples. T
Tukey's test is not needed if we have the overall F statistic for the ANOVA. F
Interaction plots that show crossing lines indicate likely interactions. T
Interaction plots that show parallel lines would suggest interaction effects. F
In a two-factor ANOVA with three columns and four rows, there can be more than two interaction
effects. F
sample sizes must be equal in one-factor ANOVA. F
In a 3×4 randomized block (two-factor unreplicated) ANOVA, we have 12 treatment groups. T
One-factor ANOVA with two groups is equivalent to a two-tailed t-test. T
One factor ANOVA stacked

data for five groups will be
arranged in
five separate columns.
F
One factor ANOVA stacked data for five groups will be arranged in five separate columns. F
Hartley's test is the largest sample mean divided by the smallest sample mean. F
Tukey's test for five groups would require 10 comparisons of means. T
ANOVA is robust to violations of the equal-variance assumption as long as group sizes are equal. T
Levene's test for homogeneity of variance is attractive because it does not depend on the assumption of
normality. T
Tukey's test with seven groups would entail 21 comparisons of means. T
Tukey's test pools all the sample variances. T
It is desirable, but not necessary, that sample sizes be equal in a one-factor ANOVA. T
Which is the Excel function to find the critical value of F for α = .05, df1 = 3, df2 = 25?
A. =F.DIST(.05, 2, 24)
B. =F.INV.RT(.05, 3, 25)
C. =F.DIST(.05, 3, 25)
D. =F.INV(.05, 2, 24)
Which Excel function gives the right-tail p-value for an ANOVA test with a test statistic Fcalc = 4.52, n =
29 observations, and c = 4 groups?
A. =F.DIST.RT(4.52, 3,25)
B. =F.INV(4.52, 4, 28)
C. =F.DIST(4.52, 4, 28)
D. =F.INV(4.52, 3, 25)
Variation "within" the ANOVA treatments represents:
A. random variation.
B. differences between group means.
C. differences between group variances.
D. the effect of sample size
Which is not an assumption of ANOVA?
A. Normality of the treatment populations.
B. Homogeneous treatment variances.
C. Independent sample observations.
D. Equal population sizes for groups
In an ANOVA, when would the F-test statistic be zero?
A. When there is no difference in the variances.
B. When the treatment means are the same.
C. When the observations are normally distributed.
D. The F-test statistic cannot ever bezero.
ANOVA is used to compare:

A. proportions of several groups.
B. variances of several groups.
C. means of several groups.
D. both means and variances.
Analysis of variance is a technique used to test for:
A. equality of two or more variances.
B. equality of two or more means.
C. equality of a population mean and a given value.
D. equality of more than two variances
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the F distribution?
A. It is always right-skewed.
B. It describes the ratio of two variances.
C. It is a family based on two sets of degrees of freedom.
D. It is negative when s12 is smaller than s22.
n an ANOVA, the SSE (error) sum of squares reflects:
A. the effect of the combined
factor(s).
B. the overall variation in Y that is to be
explained.
C. the variation that is not explained by the
factors.
D. the combined effect of treatments and
sample size
To test the null hypothesis H0: μ1 = μ2 = μ3 using samples from normal populations with unknown but
equal variances, we:
A. cannot safely use ANOVA.
B. can safely employ ANOVA.
C. would prefer three separate t-tests.
D. would need three-factor ANOVA
Which is not assumed in ANOVA?
A. Observations are independent.
B. Populations are normally distributed.
C. Variances of all treatment groups are the same.
D. Population variances are known.
In a one-factor ANOVA, the computed value of F will be negative:
A. when there is no difference in the treatment means.
B. when there is no difference within the treatments.
C. when the SST (total) is larger than SSE (error).
D. under no circumstances.
Degrees of freedom for the between-group variation in a one-factor ANOVA with n1 = 5, n2 = 6, n3 = 7

would be:
A. 18.
B. 17.
C. 6.
D. 2.
For between-group variation, we have dfnumerator = c - 1 = 3 - 1 = 2
Degrees of freedom for the between-group variation in a one-factor ANOVA with n1 = 8, n2 = 5, n3 = 7,

n4 = 9 would be:
A. 28.
B. 3.
C. 29.
D. 4
For between group variation we have dfnumerator = c - 1 = 4 - 1 = 3
Using one-factor ANOVA with 30 observations we find at α = .05 that we cannot reject the null
hypothesis of equal means. We increase the sample size from 30 observations to 60 observations and
obtain the same value for the sample F-test statistic. Which is correct?
A. We might now be able to reject the null hypothesis.
B. We surely must reject H0 for 60 observations.
C. We cannot reject H0 since we obtained the same F-value.
D. It is impossible to get the same F-value for n = 60 as for n = 30
One-factor analysis of variance:
A. requires that the number of observations in each group be identical.
B. has less power when the number of observations per group is not identical.
C. is extremely sensitive to slight departures from normality.
D. is a generalization of the t-test for paired observations
In a one-factor ANOVA, the total sum of squares is equal to:
A. the sum of squares within groups plus the sum of squares between groups.
B. the sum of squares within groups times the sum of squares between groups.
C. the sum of squares within groups divided by the sum of squares between groups.
D. the means of all the groups squared.
The within-treatment variation reflects:
A. variation among individuals of the same group.
B. variation between individuals in different groups.
C. variation explained by factors included in the ANOVAmodel.

D. variation that is not part of the ANOVA model
Given the following ANOVA table (some information is missing), find the F statistic.
A. 3.71
B. 0.99
C. 0.497
D. 4.02
MStreatment = 744/4 = 186, MSerror = (751.5)/15 = 50.1, so F = 186/50.1
= 3.71.
Given the following ANOVA table (some information is missing), find the critical value of F.05
A. 3.06
B. 2.90
C. 2.36
D. 3.41
For df = (4, 15) we use Appendix F to get F.05 = 3.06.
identify the degrees of freedom for the treatment and error in this one-factor ANOVA (blanks indicate
missing information).
A. 4, 24
B. 3, 20
C. 5, 23
Since SS/df = MS, we know that df = SS/MS. Hence, 993/331 = 3 and
1002/50.1 = 20.
For this one-factor ANOVA (some information is missing), how many treatment groups were there?
A. Cannot be determined
B. 3
C. 4
D. 2
Since SS/df = MS, we know that df = SS/MS and, hence, 654/218 = 3
=c-1
For this one-factor ANOVA (some information is missing), what is the F-test statistic?
A. 0.159
B. 2.833
C. 1.703
D. Cannot be determined
Fcalc = (MStreatment)/(MSerror) = 218/128 = 1.703
Refer to the following partial ANOVA results from Excel (some information is missing).
The F-test statistic is:
A. 2.84.
B. 3.56.
C. 2.80.
D. 2.79.
Fcalc = (MSbetween)/(MSwithin) = (210.2788)/(74.15) = 2.836
Degrees of freedom for between groups variation are:
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. Can't tell from given information.
SSbetween = 2113.833 - 1483 = 630.833, so df = (630.833)/(210.2778)
=3
SS for between groups variation will be:
A. 129.99.
B. 630.83.
C. 1233.4.
D. Can't tell.
SSbetween = 2113.833 - 1483 = 630.833
The number of treatment groups is:
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
SSbetween = 2113.833 - 1483 = 630.833, so df = (630.833)/(210.2778) = 3 = c - 1
The sample size is:
A. 20
B. 23
C. 24
D. 21.
(630.833)/(210.2778) = 3 and (1483)/(74.15) = 20, so 3 + 20 = 23 =n - 1
Assuming equal group sizes, the number of observations in each group is:
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 6
(630.833)/(210.2778) = 3 and (1483)/(74.15) = 20, so 3 + 20 = 23 =n - 1 and n/c = 24/4 = 6
Degrees of freedom for the F-test are:
A. 5, 22.
B. 4, 21.
C. 3, 20.
D. impossible to determine.
(630.833)/(210.2778) = 3 and (1483)/(74.15) = 20
The critical value of F at α = 0.05 is:
A. 1.645.
B. 2.84.
C. 3.10.
D. 4.28.
(630.833)/(210.2778) = 3 and (1483)/(74.15) = 20, so F.05 = 3.10 for df = (3, 20)
At α = 0.05, the difference between group means is:
A. highly significant.
B. barely significant.
C. not quite significant.
D. clearly insignificant.
The p-value is not less than .05 so we cannot reject the hypothesis ofequal means
The Internal Revenue Service wishes to study the time required to process tax returns in three regional
centers. A random sample of three tax returns is chosen from each of three centers. The time (in days)
required to process each return is recorded as shown below.
The test to use to compare the means for all three groups would require:
A. three-factor ANOVA.
B. one-factor ANOVA.
C. repeated two-sample test of means.
D. two-factor ANOVA with replication
Degrees of freedom for the error sum of squares in the ANOVA would be:
A. 11.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 6
Error df = n - c = 9 - 3 = 6
Degrees of freedom for the between-groups sum of squares in the ANOVA would be:
A. 11.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 6
Between groups df = c - 1= 3 - 1 = 2
Prof. Gristmill sampled exam scores for five randomly chosen students from each of his two sections of
ACC 200. His sample results are shown.
He could test the population means for equality using:
A. a t-test for two means from independent samples.
B. a t-test for two means from paired (related) samples.
C. a one-factor ANOVA.
D. either a one-factor ANOVA or a two-tailed t-test
Systolic blood pressure of randomly selected HMO patients was recorded on a particular Wednesday,
with the results shown here:
The appropriate hypothesis test is:
A. one-factor ANOVA.
B. two-factor ANOVA.
C. three-factor ANOVA.
D. four-factor ANOVA
Degrees of freedom for the between-treatments sum of squares would be:
A. 3
B. 19.
C. 17.
D. depends on α.
Between-reatments df = c - 1 = 4 - 1 = 3
What are the degrees of freedom for the error sum of squares?
A. 3
B. 19
C. 16
D. It depends on α.
Error df = n - c = 20 - 4 = 16
Sound levels are measured at random moments under typical driving conditions for various full-size
truck models. The Excel ANOVA results are shown below.
The test statistic to compare the five means simultaneously is:
A. 2.96.
B. 15.8.
C. 5.56.
D. 4.45.
Fcalc = (154.1)/(34.6) = 4.45
The test statistic for Hartley's test for homogeneity of variance is:
A. 2.25.
B. 5.04.
C. 4.61.
D. 4.45.
Hartley's H = s2max/s2min = (8.944)2/(3.983)2 = 5.04
Refer to the following partial ANOVA results from Excel (some information is missing).ANOVA Table
The number of treatment groups is:
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. impossible to ascertain from given.
59 - 55 = 4 = c - 1, so c = 5
the F statistic is:
A. 2.88.
B. 4.87.
C. 5.93.
D. 6.91.
Fcalc = 11,189/1619 = 6.91

The number of observations in the original sample was:
A. 59
B. 60
C. 58
D. 54
n - 1 = 59, so n = 60
Using Appendix F, the 5 percent critical value for the F-test is approximately:
A. 3.24.
B. 6.91.
C. 2.56.
D. 2.06.
Treatment df = 59 - 55 = 4, so F.05 = 2.56 using df = (4, 50) in Appendix F
The p-value for the F-test would be:
A. much less than .05.
B. slightly less
than .05.
C. slightly greater
than .05.
D. much greater
than .05.
Fcalc = 11,189/1619 = 6.91 while F.05 = 2.56 using df = (4, 50) in
Appendix F
The overall sample size was
a.23
b.24 x
c.22
d.18
Which Excel function gives the right - tail p-value for an ANOVA test with a test statistic Fcalc = 4.52, n =
29 observations, and c = 4 groups?
a.
= FDIST (4.52, 4, 28)
b.
= FINV (4.52, 3, 25)
c.
= FINV (4.52, 4, 28)
d.
= FDIST (4.52, 3, 25)
Interaction plots that show parallel lines would suggest interaction effects.
Select one:
True
False
Prof. Gristmill sampled exam scores for 5 randomly - chosen students from each of his two sections of
ACC 200. His sample results are shown.
He could compare the population means using
a.
a one - factor ANOVA.
b.
a t - test for two means from independent samples.
c.
either a one - factor ANOVA or a t - test for two means from independent samples.
d.
a t - test for two means from paired (related) samples.
Three randomly - chosen pieces of four types of PVC pipe of equal wall thickness are tested to
determine the burst strength (in pounds per square inch) under three temperature conditions, yielding
the results shown below.
Total degrees of freedom for

the ANOVA would be
a.
19
b.
59
c.
12
d.
35
A firm is studying the effect of work shift and parts supplier on its defect rate (dependent variable is
defects per 1000). The resulting ANOVA results are shown below (some information is missing).
How many replications per cell were there?
a.5
b.4
c.2
d.3
r-1 = 2
A firm is concerned with variability in hourly output at several factories and shifts. Here are the results
of an ANOVA using output per hour as the dependent variable (some information is missing).
At α = 0.01 the effect of factory is
a.clearly not significant.
b.of borderline significance.
c.clearly significant.
In a two - factor unreplicated (randomized block) ANOVA if SSA (treatments) = 216, SSB (block) = 126,
SSE (error) = 18, what is the F statistic for the treatment effect?
a.7
b.12
c.1.71
d.Can't tell without more information.
A multinational firm manufactures several types of 1280 × 1024 CRT displays in several locations. They
designed a sampling experiment to analyze the number of pixels per screen that have significant color
degradation after 52,560 hours (6 years of continuous use) using accelerated life testing. The Excel
ANOVA table for their experiment is shown below. Some table entries have been obscured. The
response variable (Y) is the number of degraded pixels in a given display.
Degrees freedom for display type will be
a.1
b.4
c.3
d.5
A multinational firm manufactures several types of 1280 × 1024 CRT displays in several locations. They
designed a sampling experiment to analyze the number of pixels per screen that have significant color
degradation after 52,560 hours (6 years of continuous use) using accelerated life testing. The Excel
ANOVA table for their experiment is shown below. Some table entries have been obscured. The
response variable (Y) is the number of degraded pixels in a given display.
The F statistic for display effect = MS display / MS error
a.2.94
b.3.16
c.1.78
d.2.39
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the F distribution?
a.It is always right - skewed. X
b.It is negative when s12 is smaller than s22.
c.It describes the ratio of two variances.
d.It is a family based on two sets of degrees of freedom.
How many nozzle settings were observed?
a.Can't tell. X
b.1
c.3
d.2
Systolic blood pressure of randomly - selected HMO patients was recorded on a particular Wednesday,
with the results shown here:
The appropriate hypothesis test is
a. three - factor ANOVA.
b. four - factor ANOVA.
c. one - factor ANOVA.
d. two - factor ANOVA.
To test the null hypothesis H0: µ1 = µ2 = µ3 using samples from populations with unknown but equal
variances, we
a. would prefer three separate t - tests.
b. can safely employ ANOVA
c. cannot safely use ANOVA.
d. would need three - factor ANOVA.
Here is an Excel ANOVA table for an experiment which analyzed factors that may affect patients' blood
pressure (some information is missing).
At α = .01 the effect of patient age is
a. very clearly significant.
b. just barely significant.
c.
very clearly insignificant.
d. almost but not quite significant.
ANOVA Table
Using Appendix F, the 5% critical value for the F test is approximately
a.
2.56
b.
6.91
c.
3.24
d.
2.06
Which statement is incorrect?
a.
ANOVA assumes equal variances in the c groups being compared.
b.
Hartley's Fmax test is needed to determine whether the means of the groups differ.
c.
We need a Tukey test because ANOVA doesn't tell which pairs of means differ.
Hartley's test is the ratio of the largest sample mean divided by the smallest sample mean.
Select one:
True
False
Refer to the following partial ANOVA results from Excel (some information is missing). The response
variable was Y = maximum amount of water pumped from wells (gallons per minute).
The MS for age of well is
a.
179.26
b.
185.23
c.
182.33
d.
180.25
Degrees of freedom for between groups variation are
a.4
b.3
c.5
d.Can't tell from given information.
Levene's test for homogeneity of variance is attractive because it does not depend on the assumption of
normality.
True
In an ANOVA, the SSE (error) sum of squares reflects:
a. the variation that is not explained by the factors.
b. the effect of the combined factor(s).
c. the combined effect of treatments and sample size.
d. the overall variation in Y that is to be explained.
In one-factor ANOVA, if we reject the null hypothesis then,
a. Variation in Y is neither due to factor nor random error
b. Variation in Y is due to random error only
c. Variation in Y is due to factor as well as random error
d. Variation in Y is due to factor only
It is desirable, but not necessary, that sample sizes be equal in a one-factor ANOVA.
True
Analysis of variance is a procedure intended to compare the means of c samples.
True
ANOVA assumes equal variances within each treatment group.
True
ANOVA assumes normal populations.
True
ANOVA is used to compare:
a. both means and variances.
b. variances of several groups.
c. means of several groups.
d. proportions of several groups.
Hartley's test is to check for unequal variances for c groups.

True
Variation "within" the ANOVA treatments represents:
a. the effect of sample size.
b. random variation.
c. differences between group variances.
d. differences between group means.
The within-treatment variation reflects:
a. variation among individuals of the same group.
b. variation between individuals in different groups.
c. variation explained by factors included in the ANOVA model.
d. variation that is not part of the ANOVA model.
in a one-factor ANOVA, the computed value of F will be negative:
a. when the SST (total) is larger than SSE (error)
b. when there is no difference within the treatments.
c. under no circumstances.
d. when there is no difference in the treatment means.
Which is not an assumption of ANOVA?
a. Independent sample observations.
b. Normality of the treatment populations.
c. Homogeneous treatment variances.
d. Equal population sizes for groups.
which is the Excel function to find the critical value of F for α = .05, df1 = 3, df2 = 25?
a. =F.DIST(.05, 2, 24)
b. =F.INV.RT(.05, 3, 25)
c. =F.INV(.05, 2, 24)
d. =F.DIST(.05, 3, 25)
Hartley's test measures the equality of the means for several groups.
False
The interaction effect between two factors could be tested using:
a. Two-Factor ANOVA without replication
b. Two-Factor ANOVA with replication
c. Any type of ANOVA
d. One-Factor ANOVA
Which is correct concerning a two-factor unreplicated (randomized block) ANOVA?
a. The interaction effect would have its own F statistic.
b. No interaction effect is estimated.
c. The interaction would be insignificant unless the main effects were significant.
The sample coefficient of correlation does not have which property?
a.
It is also sometimes called Pearson's r.
b.
It can range from -1.00 up to +1.00.
c.
It is tested for significance using a t - test.
d.
It assumes that Y is the dependent variable.
Which is correct to find the value of the coefficient of determination (R2)?

a.
SSR / SST
b.
1-SST / SSE
c.
SSR / SSE
The coefficient of determination is the percentage of the total variation in the response variable Y that is
explained by the predictor X.
True
A studentized residual shows the difference between Yactual and Yestimated on a standard scale.
True
A local trucking company fitted a regression to relate the travel time (days) of its shipments as a function
of the distance traveled (miles). The fitted regression is Time = -7.126 + .0214 Distance, based on a
sample of 20 shipments. The estimated standard error of the slope is 0.0053. Find the value of tcalc to
test for zero slope.
a.
4.04 (0.0214/0.0053)
b.
2.46
c.
5.02
d.
3.15
Omission of a relevant predictor is a common source of model misspecification.

True
A researcher's Excel results are shown below using Femlab (labor force participation rate among
females) to try to predict Cancer (death rate per 100,000 population due to cancer) in the 50 U.S. states.
Which of the following statement is not true?
a.
The two - tailed p -value for Femlab will be less than .05.
b.
The 95% confidence interval for the coefficient of Femlab is -4.29 to -0.28.
c.
Significant correlation exists between Femlab and Cancer at α = .05.
d.
The standard error is too high for this model to be of any predictive use.
"High leverage" would refer to a data point that is poorly predicted by the model (large residual).
False
A common source of spurious correlation between X and Y is when a third unspecified variable Z affects
both X and Y.
True
Find the sample correlation coefficient for the following data.

a.
.9556
b.
.8911
c.
.9124 =CORREL
d.
.9822
The ordinary least squares method of estimation minimizes the estimated slope and intercept.
False
A local trucking company fitted a regression to relate the travel time (days) of its shipments as a function
of the distance traveled (miles). The fitted regression is Time = -7.126 + .0214 Distance, based on a
sample of 20 shipments. The estimated standard error of the slope is 0.0053. Find the critical value for a
right - tailed test to see if the slope is positive, using α = .05.
a.
1.734
b.
2.101
c.
2.552
d.
1.960
A standardized residual of -2.205 indicates a(n)
a.
likely data entry error.
b.
observation with high leverage.
c.
rather poor prediction.
d.
extreme outlier in the residuals.
When the distance increases between X and its mean, both the prediction interval and confidence
interval for Y will become wider.
True
A researcher's results are shown below using Femlab (labor force participation rate among females) to
try to predict Cancer (death rate per 100,000 population due to cancer) in the 50 U.S. states.
What is the R2 for this regression?
a.
.1605
b.
.9018
c.
.8395
d.
.0982 SSR/SST
In a sample of n = 36, the critical value of Student's t for a two - tailed test of significance of the slope for
a simple regression at α = .05 is
a.
2.032
b.
2.938
c.
2.074
d.
2.724
A negative value for the correlation coefficient (r) implies a negative value for the slope (b1).
True
In least - squares regression, the residuals will always have a zero mean.
True
Autocorrelated errors are not usually a concern for regression models using cross - sectional data.
True
Calculate the two-tail p-value
=T.DIST.2T(t,deg_freedom)
CHAP 12:
1. The standard error of the regression
A. is based on squared deviations from the regression line.
B. may assume negative values if b1 < 0.
C. is in squared units of the dependent variable.
D. may be cut in half to get an approximate 95% prediction interval.
2. Confidence intervals for predicted Y are less precise when the residuals are very small.
True
3. A prediction interval is so wide that X cannot be a significant predictor of Y.
False
4. Prediction intervals for Y are narrowest when
A. the mean of X is near the mean of Y.
B. the value of X is near the mean of X.
C. the mean of X differs greatly from the mean of Y.
D. the mean of X is small.
5. The correlation coefficient r measures the strength of the linear relationship between two variables.
True
6. A common source of spurious correlation between X and Y is when a third unspecified variable Z
affects both X and Y.
True False
7. A news network stated that a study had found a positive correlation between the number of children
a worker has and his or her earnings last year. You may conclude that
A. people should have more children so they can get better jobs.
B. the data are erroneous because the correlation should be negative.
C. causation is in serious doubt.
D. statisticians have small families.
8. If n = 50 and r = .4296, the corresponding t - statistic to test for zero correlation is
A. 3.296
B. 7.862
C. 2.048
D. Need  to answer
tcalc = r[(n - 2)/(1 - r2)]1/2 = (.4296)[(50 - 2)/(1 - .42962)]1/2
9. Mary used a sample of 68 U.S. cities to estimate the relationship between Crime (annual property
crimes per 100,000 persons) and Income (median income per capita, in dollars). Her estimated
regression equation was Crime = 428 + 0.050 Income. If Income decreases by 1000 we would expect that
Crime will
A. increase by 428.
B. decrease by 50.
C. increase by 500.
D. remain unchanged.
10. Which is indicative of an inverse relationship between X and Y?
A. A negative F statistic.
B. A negative p -value for the correlation coefficient.
C. A negative correlation coefficient.
D. Either a negative F statistic or a negative p -value.
11. William used a sample of 68 U.S. cities to estimate the relationship between Crime (annual property
crimes per 100,000 persons) and Income (median income per capita). His estimated regression equation
was Crime = 428 + 0.050 Income. We can conclude that
A. the slope would not differ significantly from zero in a two - tailed t - test at  = .05.
B. crime seems to create additional income in a city.
C. wealthy individuals tend to commit more crimes, on average.
D. the intercept is irrelevant since zero median income is unobservable.
12. If SSE is near zero in a regression, the statistician will conclude that the proposed model
probably has too poor a fit to be useful.
True False
13. In a simple regression, which would suggest a relationship between X and Y?
A. Large p -value for the estimated slope.
B. Large t statistic for the slope.
C. Large p -value for the F statistic.
D. Either a large p -value or a large t - statistic.
14. If SSR is 1800 and SSE is 200 then R2 is .90.
True False
15. A predictor that is significant in a one - tailed t test will also be significant in a two - tailed
test at the same level of significance .
True False
18. In a simple bivariate regression, Fcalc = tcalc2
True False
19. The variable used to predict another variable is called the
A. response variable.
B. regression variable.
C. independent variable.
D. dependent variable.
1) A population has groups that have a small amount of variation within them, but large variation among
or between the groups themselves. The proper sampling technique is
A) simple random. B) stratified.

C) cluster. D) judgment.
2) The distribution pictured below is
A) bimodal and skewed right. B) bimodal and skewed left.

C) skewed right. D) skewed left.
3) Bob found an error in the following frequency distribution. What is it?
Class Frequency
1–10 2
11–20 6
25–30 8
31–40 12
44–50 6
A) The class limits are overlapping too much.
B) The classes are not collectively exhaustive.
C) There are too many classes by Sturges' Rule.
D) The first class must start at 0.
4) Below is a sorted stem-and-leaf diagram for the measured speeds (miles per hour) of 49 randomly
chosen vehicles on highway I-80 in Nebraska. How many vehicles were traveling exactly the speed limit
(70 mph)?

Stem unit = 10
Leaf unit = 1

Frequency Stem Leaf
1 4 9
1 5 5
17 6 01222455556688999
19 7 0111233345666778999
7 8 0133557
4 9 0122
49
A) 0 B) 1
C) 19 D) Impossible to tell
5) Shown the spending by a sample of 50 breakfast customers of McDonald's. Which statement is least
likely to be correct?

A) The median is very close to the midhinge.

B) The median purchase is slightly less than $5.
C) About 75 percent of the customers spend less than $7.
D) The mean is a reasonable measure of center.
6) Given the contingency table shown here, find P(G | M).
Somerset Oakland Great Lakes

Row Total
Vehicle Type (S) (O) (G)
Car (C) 44 49 36 129
Minivan (M) 21 15 18 54
Full-Size Van (F) 2 3 3 8
SUV (V) 19 27 26 72
Truck (T) 14 6 17 37
Col Total 100 100 100 300
A) .1800 B) .0450
C) .3333 D) .1350
P(G | M) = P(G&M) / P(M) = 18/54
7) The manager of Ardmore Pharmacy knows that 25 percent of the customers entering the store buy
prescription drugs, 65 percent buy over-the-counter drugs, and 18 percent buy both types of drugs. What
is the probability that a randomly selected customer will buy at least one of these two types of drugs?
A) .90 B) .85
C) .72 D) .65
P(A) = 0.25 ; P(B) = 0.65 ; P (A∩ B) = 0.18
P(A∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) - P (A∩ B) = 0.25+0.65-0.18 = 0.72
8) In a certain city, 5 percent of all drivers have expired licenses and 10 percent have an unpaid parking
ticket. If these events are independent, what is the probability that a driver has both an expired license and
an unpaid parking ticket?
A) .010 B) .005
C) .001 D) Cannot be determined
P(A).P(B) = (0.05) . (0.1)
9) At Joe's Restaurant, 80 percent of the diners are new customers (N), while 20 percent are returning
customers (R). Fifty percent of the new customers pay by credit card, compared with 70 percent of the
regular customers. If a customer pays by credit card, what is the probability that the customer is a new
customer?
A) .7407 B) .8000
C) .5400 D) .5000
P(A) = 0.8 ; P(E|A) = 0.5 P(B) = 0.2 ; P(E|B) = 0.7
 New customers use credit card: 0.8*0.5 = 0.4

Return customers use credit card: 0.2*0.7 = 0.14
Customers pay credit card: 0.14*0.4 = 0.54
0.4
 New customers represent = =0.7407
0.54
10) To ensure quality, customer calls for airline fare quotations are monitored at random. On a particular
Thursday afternoon, ticket agent Bob gives 40 fare quotations, of which 4 are incorrect. In a random
sample of 8 of these customer calls, which model best describes the number of incorrect quotations Bob
will make?
A) Binomial B) Poisson
C) Hypergeometric D) Geometric
11) A carnival has a game of chance: a fair coin is tossed. If it lands heads you win $1.00, and if it lands
tails you lose $0.50. How much should a ticket to play this game cost if the carnival wants to break even?
A) $0.25 B) $0.50
C) $0.75 D) $1.00
The expected gain in game = E(X) = 0.5*1 – 0.5*0.5 = 0.25
12) A clinic employs nine physicians. Five of the physicians are female. Four patients arrive at once.
Assuming the doctors are assigned randomly to patients, what is the probability that all of the assigned
physicians are female?
A) .0397 B) .0295
C) .0808 D) .0533
C45
4
C9
13) On average, 15 minutes elapse between discoveries of fraudulent corporate tax returns in a certain
IRS office. What is the probability that less than 30 minutes will elapse before the next fraudulent
corporate tax return is discovered?
A) .1353 B) .6044
C) .7389 D) .8647
(*P(X<30) = 1 - e− x/ β =1−e−30 /15)
14) A software developer makes 175 phone calls to its current customers. There is an 8 percent chance of
reaching a given customer (instead of a busy signal, no answer, or answering machine). The normal
approximation of the probability of reaching at least 20 customers is
A) .022 B) .007
C) .063 D) .937
probability, normal distribution, n=175, p=0.08, z=19.5 (probability of reaching at least 20 customers
=> continuity correction (P>19.5))
mean=μ=np=14, std dev=σ =√ n p ( 1−p ¿=3.588872
15) A random sample of 160 commercial customers of PayMor Lumber revealed that 32 had paid their
accounts within a month of billing. The 95 percent confidence interval for the true proportion of
customers who pay within a month would be
A) 0.148 to 0.252 B) 0.138 to 0.262

C) 0.144 to 0.256 D) 0.153 to 0.247
confidence interval for proportion, n=160, p=32/160,
16) The owner of Limp Pines Resort wanted to know the average age of its clients. A random sample of
25 tourists is taken. It shows a mean age of 46 years with a standard deviation of 5 years. The width of a
98 percent confidence interval for the true mean client age is approximately
A) ±1.711 years. B) ±2.326 years.

C) ±2.492 years. D) ±2.797 years.
confidence interval for mean, n=25, mean=46, std=5, t-distribution => The width = (upper-lower)/2
17) Jolly Blue Giant Health Insurance (JBGHI) is concerned about rising lab test costs and would like to
know what proportion of the positive lab tests for prostate cancer are actually proven correct through
subsequent biopsy. JBGHI demands a sample large enough to ensure an error of ±2 percent with 90
percent confidence. What is the necessary sample size?
A) 4,148 B) 2,401
C) 1,692 D) 1,604
E=0.02, confidence interval 90, p=0.5, sample size p
18) A sample n of 16 ATM transactions shows a mean transaction time x́ of 67 seconds with a standard
deviation s of 12 seconds. Find the test statistic to decide whether the mean transaction time μ0exceeds 60
seconds.
A) 1.457 B) 2.037
C) 2.333
C1: D) 1.848
hypo tests => mean vs hypothesized value => summary input, mean=6, std=12, n=16, hypothesized
value=60
C2:
H 0 :μ ≤ 60
H 1 : μ> 60
x́−μ0 67−60
t= = =2.333
s 12
√n √16
19) The Melodic Kortholt Company will change its current health plan if at least half the employees are
dissatisfied with it. A trial sample of 25 employees shows that 16 are dissatisfied. For a right-tailed test
(greater than), the test statistic would be
A) 1.227 B) 1.375
C) 1.400 D) 1.115
hypothesis test, proportion vs hypothesized value, n=25, p=16/25, p hypo =0.5 => z
20) Carver Memorial Hospital's surgeons have a new procedure that they think will decrease the time to
method had a mean of 29 minutes with a variance of 16 minutes. For a right-tailed test of means (assume
equal variances-pooled), the test statistic is
A) 3.814 B) 2.365
C) 3.000 D) 1.895
C1:
Lần lượt nhập 2 group thành 2 cột theo thứ tự label, mean, std, n => hypo tests => compare 2
groups => summary input
C2:
7 ×36+9 × 16 7 × 36+9 ×16
pooled sample variance s2 = =24.75
7+9 7+9
38−29
¿ =3.814
test statistic 1 1
√ (
24.75 × +
8 10 )
21) Randomly chosen MBA students were asked their opinions about the ideal number of children for a
married couple. The sample data were entered into MegaStat, and the following results were produced.
Hypothesis Test: independent Groups

(t-test, unequal variance)
Men Women
2.812 2.1538 mean
1.2505 0.5547 std. dev.
11 13 sample size
13 pooled df
0.6582 difference (Men - Women)
0.40722 standard error of difference
0 hypothesized difference
1.62 T
p-value (one-tailed, upper) alpha-0.05
not reject H0, support H0, equal
0.065
H0: men-women <= 0
H1: men-women > 0

F-test for equality of variance
1.56375 variance: Men
0.307692 variance: Women
5.08 F
0.01 p-value
What conclusion can you draw from this analysis at α = .05?

A) Men want larger families on average than women.
B) Women want larger families on average than men.
C) This is insufficient evidence to suggest a difference in means.
D) We could conclude that men want larger families if we used a two-tailed test.
22) A medical researcher wondered if there is a significant difference between the mean birth weight of
boy and girl babies. A random sample of babies' weights (pounds) showed the following:
Boys 8.0 4.7 7.3 6.2 3.4

Girls 5.3 2.8 6.4 6.8 7.4
How many degrees of freedom would be used to test for a zero difference in means?
A) 4 B) 8
C) 10 D) Must know α to say.
( n 1−1 ) + ( n2 −1 )=( 5−1 )+ ( 5−1 )=8
23) A random sample of Ersatz University students revealed that 16 females had a mean of $22.30 in their
wallets with a standard deviation of $3.20, while 6 males had a mean of $17.30 with a standard deviation
of $9.60. At α = .10, to test for equal variances in a two-tailed test, the critical values are
A) 0.441 and 3.24 B) 0.556 and 2.27
C) 0.345 and 4.62 D) 0.387 and 2.90
lan luot 2 cot label, mean, std, n, hypo tests, compare 2 groups, summary input, not equal, test for
equality of variances, =finy(0.05,6-1,16-1) va =finy(0.95,6-1,16-1)
Questions 24 to 26 are based on the following partial ANOVA results from Excel (some information
is missing).
ANOVA table
Source SS df MS F P-value
Treatment 717.4 3 239.13 .0442
Error 70.675
Total 1,848.2 19
24) The MS (mean square) for the treatments is
A) 239.13 B) 106.88
C) 1,130.8 D) impossible to ascertain from the information given.
SS/df
25) The F statistic is
A) 4.87 B) 3.38
C) 5.93 D) 6.91
MS treatment / MS error
26) Our decision about the hypothesis of equal treatment means is that the null hypothesis
A) cannot be rejected at α = .05.

B) can be rejected at α = .05.
C) can be rejected for any typical value of α.
D) cannot be assessed from the given information.
p-value < alpha => reject, different
27) A local trucking company fitted a regression to relate the travel time (days) of its shipments as a
function of the distance traveled (miles). The fitted regression is Time = −7.126 + 0.0214 Distance. If
Distance increases by 50 miles, the expected Time would increase by
A) 1.07 days. B) 7.13 days.

C) 2.14 days. D) 1.73 days.
(*0.0214*50 = 1.07 days)
28) A fitted regression Profit = 262 + 1.51 Sales (all variables in thousands of dollars) was estimated
from a random sample of 15 small coffee kiosks. We can say that
A) the slope is too small to be significant.

B) the intercept does not seem reasonable.
C) the R2 will be low due to small sample size.
D) predictions are likely to be underestimated.
The profit cannot be positive when the sales are zero
29) A researcher's regression results are shown below using n = 8 observations.
Variable Coefficients Standard Error

Intercept –0.1667 2.8912
Slope 1.8333 0.2307
Which is the 95 percent confidence interval for the slope?

A) [1.333, 2.284] B) [1.602, 2.064]
C) [1.268, 2.398] D) [1.118, 2.449]
d.f. = 8-2 = 6
t.025 = 2.447
1.8333 =+/- (2.447)(0.2307
30) A fitted regression Profit = −570 + 30 Sales (all variables in thousands of dollars) was estimated from
a random sample of pharmacies. From this regression, in order to break even (Profit ≥ 0), a pharmacy's
Sales would have to be at least
A) 19 B) 300
C) 56 D) 100
−570+30 Sales≥ 0=¿ Sales ≥19
Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?
A. Number of students in a statistics class
B. Tons of concrete to complete a parking garage
C. Zip codes of shoppers
D. Rankings of baseball teams in a league
Respondents were asked, "Do you now earn more than or less than you did five years ago?" What is this
level of measurement?
A. Interval
B. Ordinal
C. Ratio
D. Nominal
The reported unemployment is 5.5% of the population. What measurement scale is used to measure
unemployment?
A. Ratio
B. Nominal
C. Interval
D. Ordinal
The main purpose of descriptive statistics is to

A. determine if the data adequately represent the population.
B. gather or collect data.
C. summarize data in a useful and informative manner.
D. make inferences about a population
When statisticians analyze sample data in order to draw conclusions about the characteristics of a
population, this is referred to as
A. data summarization.
B. statistical inference.
C. descriptive statistics.
D. data analysis.
________ can be used to study the relationship between two variables.
A.
Frequency tables
B.
Cross-tabulation tables
C.
Cumulative frequency distributions
D.
Dot plots
Pareto charts are frequently used to identify ________.
A.
random data
B.
the most common types of defects
C.
outliers that do not show up on a dot plot
D.
the cause for extreme skewness to the right
A graphical portrayal of a quantitative data set that divides the data into classes and gives the frequency
of each class is a/an ________.
A.
dot plot
B.
histogram
C.
bar chart
D.
ogive plot
E.
Pareto chart
All of the following are used to describe quantitative data except the ________.
A.
histogram
B.
dot plot
C.
stem-and-leaf chart
D.
pie chart
Find the z-score for an IQ test score of 92 when the mean is 100 and the standard deviation is 15.
Select one:
A.
−.77
B.
.77
C.
−8.00
D.
.53
E.
−.53
Another name for the 50th percentile is the ________.
A.
first quartile
B.
median
C.
mode
D.
mean
E.
third quartile
Which of the following is influenced the least by the occurrence of extreme values in a sample?
A.
mean
B.
geometric mean
C.
weighted mean
D.
median
A report on high school graduation stated that 85 percent of high school students graduate. Suppose 3
high school students are randomly selected from different schools.
What is the probability that none will graduate?
A.
0.150
B.
0.003
C.
0.057
D.
0.019
Joe is considering pursuing an MBA degree. He has applied to two different universities. The acceptance
rate for applicants with similar qualifications is 25 percent for University A and 40 percent for University
B
What is the probability that Joe will be accepted by at least one of the two universities?
A.
0.55
B.
0.25
C.
0.35
D.
0.10
Four employees who work as drive-through attendants at a local fast-food restaurant are being
evaluated. As part of a quality improvement initiative and employee evaluation, these workers were
observed over three days. One of the statistics collected was the proportion of time the employee forgot
to include a napkin in the bag. Also recorded was the proportion of all dinners packed by each
employee. Related information is given in the table.
Worker Dinner Packed Dinner Packed With No Napkin
Joe 25% 6%
Jan 20% 2%
Cheryl 20% 10%
Clay 35% 4%
You just purchased a dinner and found that there is no napkin in your bag. What is the probability that
Cheryl prepared your order?
A.
0.020
B.
0.377
C.
0.091
D.
0.083
If A and B are independent events, P(A) = .2, and P(B) = .7, determine P(A ∪ B).
A.
0.76
B.
0.50
C.
0.14
D.
0.24
Of the following, the one that most resembles a Poisson random variable is the number of
a.
face cards in a bridge hand of 13 cards.
b.
heads in 200 flips of a fair coin.
c.
defective CDs in a spool containing 15 CDs.
d.
annual power failures at your residence.
A discrete probability distribution
a.
assigns a probability to each possible value of the random variable.
b.
is a listing of all possible values of the random variable.
c.
is independent of the parameters of the distribution.
d.
can assume values between −1 and +1.
Given the following probability distribution, what is the expected value of the random variable X?
X P(X)
140 .20
180 .10
220 .20
260 .40
300 .10
Sum 1.00
a.
242
b.
275
c.
224
d.
150
A large number of applicants for admission to graduate study in business are given an aptitude test.
Scores are normally distributed with a mean of 460 and standard deviation of 80. The top 5 percent of
the applicants would have a score of at least (choose the nearest integer)
a.
592
b.
606
c.
600
d.
646
The standard deviation of a normal random variable X is $15. Given that P(X ≤ $10) = .1841 we can
determine that the mean of the distribution is equal to
a.
$13
b.
$26
c.
$23.5
d.
$20
In Melanie's Styling Salon, the time to complete a simple haircut is normally distributed with a mean of
25 minutes and a standard deviation of 4 minutes. For a simple haircut, the middle 95 percent of the
customers will require
a.
between 18.4 and 31.6 minutes.
b.
c.
d.
On average, a major earthquake (Richter scale 6.0 or above) occurs 3 times a decade in a certain
California county. What is the probability that less than nine months will pass before the next
earthquake?
a.
.8607
b.
.9048
c.
.0952
d.
.2015
If GMAT scores for applicants at Oxnard Graduate School of Business are N(530, 50), then the top 5
percent of the applicants would have a score of at least (choose the nearest integer)
a.
575
b.
612
c.
608
d.
601
The three assumptions of simple regression are

a. Normally distributed residuals, heteroscedastic residuals and autocorrelated residuals
b. Normally distributed residuals, heteroscedastic residuals and non-autocorrelated residuals
c. Normally distributed residuals, homoscedastic residuals and non-autocorrelated residuals
d. Normally distributed residuals, homoscedastic residuals and autocorrelated residuals
Which is indicative of an inverse relationship between X and Y?

a. Either a negative F statistic or a negative p-value
b. A negative correlation coefficient
c. A negative p-value for the correlation coefficient
d. A negative F statistic
If the attendance at a baseball game is to be predicted by the equation Attendance = 16,500 - 75

Temperature, what would be the predicted attendance if Temperature is 90 degrees?
a. 10, 020
b. 6,750
c. 9,750
d. 12,250
Which of the following graphical methods is used to assess the assumption of normally distributed
residuals?
a. Dot plot
b. Histogram
c. Time series plot
d. Scatter plot
The correlation coefficient r measures the strength of the linear relationship between two variables.
True
In a time-series plot, we can assume that residuals are independent if

a. None of the given options is true
b. Number of times the graph crosses the x-axis is equal to n/2
c. Number of times the graph crosses the x-axis is greater than n/2
d. Number of times the graph crosses the x-axis is less than n/2
Which of the following graphical methods is used to assess the assumption of independent residuals?
a. Time series plot
b. Dot plot
c. Scatter plot
d. Histogram
The variable used to predict another variable is called the:

a. response variable.
b. independent variable.
c. dependent variable.
d. regression variable.
When testing the assumptions of simple regression

a. Graphical methods and quantitative methods are equally perferred
b. Quantitative methods are preferred over graphical methods
c. Neither a graphical method nor a quantitative method is preferred
d. Graphical methods are preferred over quantitative methods
If R2 = .36 in the model Sales = 268 + 7.37 Ads, then Ads explains 36 percent of the variation in Sales.
True
In simple regression, when testing the significance of slope, if we reject the null hypothesis then
a. We conclude that the independent variable is a significant predictor of dependent variable
b. We conclude that the independent variable is not a significant predictor of dependent variable
c. We conclude that the dependent variable is a significant predictor of independent variable
d. Can't tell from given information
If SSR is 2592 and SSE is 608, then:

a. the standard error would be large.
b. the slope is likely to be insignificant.

c. the coefficient of determination is .81.
d. the SST would be smaller than SSR.
A sample correlation r = .40 indicates a stronger linear relationship than r = -.60.
False
Which is correct to find the value of the coefficient of determination (R2)?

a. SSR/SSE
b. SSR/SST
c. 1 - SST/SSE
In a simple regression, there are n - 2 degrees of freedom associated with the error sum of squares (SSE)
True
A negative correlation between two variables X and Y usually yields a negative p-value for r.
False
The coefficient of determination is the percentage of the total variation in the response variable Y that is
explained by the predictor X.
True
Which is not true of the coefficient of determination?

a. It is calculated using sums of squares (e.g., SSR, SSE, SST).
b. It is negative when there is an inverse relationship between X and Y.
c. It is the square of the coefficient of correlation.
d. It reports the percent of the variation in Y explained by X.
Simple regression analysis means that:
a. there are only two independent variables.
b. we have only a few observations.
c. the data are presented in a simple and clear way.
d. we have only one explanatory variable.
Which is indicative of an inverse relationship between X and Y?

a. A negative p-value for the correlation coefficient
b. A negative correlation
c. A negative F statistic
d. Either a negative F statistic or a negative p-value
In a sample of n = 36, the Student’s t test statistic for a correlation of r = −.450 would be
-2.938
In a simple regression, if the coefficient for X is positive and significantly different from zero, then a
decrease in X is associated with an increase in Y.
False
In a regression, the model with the best fit is always preferred over all other models.
False
A negative correlation between two variables X and Y usually yields a negative p-value for r.
False
The t-test shows the ratio of an estimated coefficient to its standard error.
True
A widening pattern of residuals as X increases would suggest heteroscedasticity.
True
The correlation coefficient (r) measures the strength of the linear relationship between two variables.
True
The F statistic in a multiple regression is significant if at least one of the predictors has a significant t
statistic at a given alpha.
False
In the model Sales = 268 + 7.37*Ads, an additional $1 spent on ads will increase sales by 268.
False
The correlation coefficient (r) always has the same sign as b1 in Y = b0 + b1*X.
True
A scatter plot is used to visualize the association (or lack of association) between two quantitative
variables.
True
If R2 = .36 in the model Sales = 268 + 7.37*Ads, then Ads explains 6 percent of the variation in Sales.
False
Adjusted R2 can exceed R2 if there are several weak predictors.
False
A binary (categorical) predictor should not be used along with nonbinary predictors.
False
The fitted intercept in a regression has little meaning if no data values near X = 0 have been observed.
True
Confidence intervals for predicted Y are less precise when the residuals are very small.
True
Cause-and-effect direction between X and Y may be determined by running the regression twice and
seeing whether Y = b0 + b1X or X = b0 + b1Y has the larger R2.
False
Nonnormality of the residuals from a regression can be detected by looking at a histogram of the
standardized residuals.
True
A sample correlation r = .40 indicates a stronger linear relationship than r = -.60.
False
In a linear regression between two variables, a significant relationship exists when the p-value of the t
test statistic for the slope is greater than alpha.
False
in least-squares regression, the residuals e1, e2, . . . , en will always have a zero mean.
True
The model Y = b0 + b1X1 + b2X2 cannot be estimated by Excel.
False
Confidence intervals for Y may be unreliable when the residuals are not normally distributed.
True
A high variance inflation factor (VIF) indicates a significant predictor in the regression
False
The correlation coefficient (r) always has the opposite sign as b1 in Y = b0 + b1*X.
False
A simple decimal transformation (e.g., from 18,291 to 18.291) often improves data conditioning.
True

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Quiz 7: Sampling Distribution

A) 59.0% to 63.0% B) 57.3% to 64.7% C) 58.5% to 63.5% D) 50.0% to 67.6%

3) The distribution of Student's t has ___________.

A) a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one

C) a mean of one and a standard deviation of one

N =df=42-1=41 => t=2.701

A) trend B) sample mean C) variance D) population parameter

A) 1% B) $10.00 C) $1.00 D) $1.72

A) 869 B) 984 C) 887 D) 1,17

9) The size of the standard error is ______.

A) ±49 B) ±93 C) ±7 D) ±0.714

Quiz 8: One-sample hypothesis test

A) You will waste money on an unnecessary lab test.

B) Your survivors will enjoy a sizeable malpractice award.

C) It cannot be determined without knowing the type of test.

D) Your estomalgia fatalis will go undetected

2) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the t distribution?

B) It is similar to the z distribution when n is small.

C) It has a mean of zero.

N nho => t>z

A) .4292 B) .0301 C) .0709 D) .0427

A) −2.066 B) −1.645 C) −1.960 D) −2.000

A) about half the tests indicated cancer.

B) about half the tests missed a cancer that exists.

D) about half the women tested actually had no cancer.

A) −1.960 B) −2.326 C) impossible to determine without more information. D) −1.645

A) 2.687 B) 2.258 C) 2.758 D) .0256

A) 1.848 B) 2.037 C) 2.333 D) 1.457

Type I error: Reject the true null hypothesis

About 188 students

In which situation may the sample proportion safely be assumed to follow a

Quiz 9: Two-sample hypothesis test

A) the sum of the two means

B) the sum of the two sample sizes for each population

C) the sum of the two variances of the two sampling distributions

A) 2.777 B) 2.869 C) 2.873 D) 2.603

A) +1.761 B) +1.782 C) +2.179 D) +2.145

4) An investigation of the effectiveness of a training program to improve customer relationships included

What is the value of the test statistic?

A) 3.936 B) 4.488 C) 4.583 D) 3.984

A) 3.410 B) 3.381 C) 2.583 D) 1.651

A) the population variances are assumed unequal and unknown

B) the population variances are assumed equal but unknown

C) the population means are known

D) the population variances are known and equal9b

between .025 and .05

We cannot reject the hypothesis of equal population means.

More than 0.10

independent samples t-test

may be assumed equal at any customary α

24. The F distribution is never negative and is always skewed right.

the Student's t distribution

a. Can't tell from given information

37. Which of the following is an example of a two-sample hypothesis test?

a. Is the average service time at a restaurant different than 20 minutes?

c. Is the average service time at a restaurant less than 20 minutes?

d. Is the average service time at a restaurant more than 20 minutes

38. For a two-sample hypothesis test of variances, we would use the:

b. Standard Normal Distribution

39. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the F distribution?

a. It is a family based on two sets of degrees of freedom.

b. It describes the ratio of two sample means.