Course- Structural Analysis 1 STRU1015

Instructor- Ms. Beverly Chittoo

Group members:

Colin Conyette 53533

Joshua Lakhan- 94518

Abraham Mohamed 84462

 AIM

To study the behavior of simply supported beams under different loading conditions.

INTRODUCTION

A beam is a structural component used to oppose loads and support structures. The

components that influence a beam are its thickness, link pre-pressure power and link dispersing.

Bending moment is the response instigated in a structural component when an outer power or

second is applied to the component, making the element twist. Deflection estimates the actual

relocation of a part under a load, bending moment in an internal pressure inside a part that

permits it to convey the load. The bending moment does not mention how much a shaft would

really twist/redirect. Young’s modulus is the measure of a materials ability to withstand

stretching or compression. Where we change to being inward downwards to sunken upwards is

known as the inflection point.

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL

The equipment and material used to design, calculate and construct these beams were done using

 Skyciv Beam Calculator- https://skyciv.com/free-beam-calculator/

 LABORATORY PROCEDURE

Follow these procedures during each procedure to allow the software to determine the
deflection:

Select ‘Add/Edit Section

Next to moment of inertia, click the + sign. Select United States as the country, AISC W shapes
as the section type, and W12x35 as the section size. Add the next part.

 After adding the section, click on the plus sign next to Young’s Modulus and select
“structural steel” then proceed to add material.
 After completing the above steps, click submit.

Procedure 1
 Open beam calculator on the Skyciv website.
 Select add beam and put in the span of the beam (6m).
 Then add the point loads 3kN and 6kN, which are 2m and 4m away from point A
respectively.

 Add the Supports to the ends of the beam. The diagram illustrates vertical reaction forces,
one at each end so roller supports were applied.
 Then press “Solve” to find the shear force diagram and the bending moment diagram.
 Procedure 2
 Open beam calculator on the Skyciv website.
 Select add beam and put in the span of the beam (10m).

 Then add the uniformly distributed load 5kN/m across the 10m span of the beam.
 Add the Supports to the ends of the beam. The diagram illustrates vertical reaction forces,
one at each end so roller supports were applied.

 Then press “Solve” to find the shear force diagram and the bending moment diagram.
 Procedure 3
 Open beam calculator on the Skyciv website.
 Select add beam and put in the span of the beam (10m).

 Then add the point load of 4kNwhich is 2m from ‘A’. Followed by a uniformly
distributed load 2kN/m, 3m from ‘A’ and ends 7m from A. Lastly add an 8kN point load
9m from ‘A’.
N.B: Follow the third points in both procedure 1 and 2 to achieve this.

 Add the Supports to the ends of the beam. The diagram illustrates vertical reaction forces,
one at each end so roller supports were applied.
Then press “Solve” to find the shear force diagram and the bending moment diagram.

RESULTS

Beam 1

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Deflection
 Beam 2

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Deflection
 Beam 3

Shear force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram
 Deflection

DISCUSSION

Calculations used for the reaction forces of beam number one were done using the following
formulas:

∑ f g =RA + RB−6−3=0

∑ M A =−3 kN ( 2 m ) −6 kN ( 4 m )+ RB ( 6 m )

With RB working out to be 5, the following equation was useful in finding RA.

RA+ RB=9

RA+5=9

RA=9−5=4

With all unknowns now being known the shear force and bending moment diagrams are able to

be drawn up. To plot shear force diagram take value of shear force on y-axis and distance on x-
axis and then join these points to get shear force diagram (SFD). Bending moment diagrams

were drawn by finding the moments about each point and plotting each on the graph. Starting at

0 and moving along the beam with each point being their respected distances away from 0.

Beam number two having a uniformly distributed load the process of calculations was a bit

different. The uniformly distributed load was transformed into one point load at the centre of the

beam by taking the load and multiplying it by the distance then dividing it by two. The reaction

forces were found by finding moments about each end point. By doing so, the unknowns became

known and shear force and bending moment diagrams are now drawn.

With beam number three being a mixture of both point loads and uniformly distributed loads the

process for this was also slightly different from the usual. The uniformly distributed loads were

transformed into one point load at the centre of the distance the loads covered making it easier to

work with. The reaction forces were found to fulfil all the unknowns. These are now used to

calculate plotted points for the shear force and bending moment diagram.

Deflection for each of the beams are then calculated by cWl3/EI where c is the numerical

coefficient depending on the disposition of the load and the way the beam is supported. These

calculations showed that none of the beams reached the point of maximum deflection.
 CONCLUSION

The goal of this report was to design a UDL and SSB showing in detail of its strength and

ductility. Steel beams are preferred in construction because of its tensile and compressive strength.

With steel beams we can create or design different styles of structures because of its flexibility. Steel

beam has been growing vastly in the building industry because it’s easily accessible, easy to work

with environmentally friendly and easily recyclable.

REFERENCE

1. (2018, October 15). Retrieved May 06, 2021, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=b2Fc5D7snVk

2. Bending moment. (2021, April 04). Retrieved May 6, 2021, from

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bending_moment

3. Inflection points introduction (video). (n.d.). Retrieved May 6, 2021, from

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-diff-analytical-applications-new/ab-

5-6a/v/inflection-points

4. Shengrong, X., Mingming, G., Dongdong, C., Yanding, S., Hao, P., Hai, S., & Shizhong, L.

(2017, December 06). Stability influence factors analysis and construction of a deep beam
anchorage structure in roadway roof. Retrieved May 6, 2021, from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/