Name: Erika Trina E.

Alcain Date: 12/08/21

Evaluated By: Prof. Betsy Sabdani Grade:

Two Responder Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation CPR

Description: CPR is a level of medical intervention which is used for victims of life-threatening illnesses or injuries until
full medical interventions such as advanced life support can be given. This involves applying high-quality chest
compressions, automated external defibrillation and breaths to unconscious victims who have gone into cardiopulmonary
arrest.
Purpose/s: To preserve heart and brain function while waiting for defibrillation and advanced cardiac life-support care.

Indication: In the absence of spontaneous respirations and heartbeat.

Equipment:
• Surgical gloves- act as a protective barrier to prevent the possible transmission of diseases between healthcare
professionals and patients.
• Pocket mask/CPR mask/barrier device- used in the resuscitation of patients who have stopped breathing or who
are breathing insufficiently and are designed to prevent the spread of potential pathogens during mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation.
• Automated External Defibrillator- used to revive someone from sudden cardiac arrest.

Actions Rationale
Remarks
Performed

Yes No

Check for responsiveness Assessing responsiveness prevents

starting CPR on a conscious victim.

Call for help, activate the emergency response Activating the emergency response
system and send for an AED. system initiates a rapid response

Wear gloves
Gloves prevent contact with blood and
body fluids.
 Check for breathing and pulse for at least 5 seconds These techniques provide information
and no more than 10 Seconds about the patient’s breathing and the need
for rescue breathing.

Begin high-quality CPR Breathing and compressions simulate lung

and heart function, providing oxygen and
circulation.

a. Correct compression Proper Hand

Placement
i. Adult: Lower half of the breastbone, 2 hands
ii. Child: Lower half of the breastbone, 1 or 2 hands
So that the long axis of the heel of the
hand is on the long axis of the sternum.
Proper hand positioning ensures
that the force of compressions is
on the sternum, thereby reducing
the risk of rib fracture, lung
puncture, or liver laceration

b. Rate: Give 100 to 120/minute compressions or To maximize cardiac output and provide
delivers each set of 30 Chest compressions in no adequate coronary perfusion pressure
less than 15 seconds and no more than 18 while still allowing for full chest recoil and
seconds. compressions of appropriate depth.
c. Depth: Deliver compression at least 2 inches in
depth.
d. Minimize interruptions: Gives 2 breaths with
pocket mask/barrier device in less than
10 seconds.
• open airway adequately (head tilt-chin lift
maneuver)
- each breath over 1 second
- observes chest rise
- resume chest compression in less than 10
seconds
5 cycles of compressions and breaths.
Continue BLS assuming that the AED and bag mask device has arrived.
Compressing the chest
1½ to 2 inches ensures that compressions
are not too shallow and
provides adequate blood flow.
Full chest recoil allows adequate
venous return to the heart.
Breathing and compressions simulate lung
and heart function, providing oxygen and
circulation.
This maneuver may be sufficient to open
the airway and promote spontaneous
respirations.
These techniques provide information
about the patient’s breathing and the need
for rescue breathing.
 Second Rescuer powers on AED and applies
patches while first rescuer continues CPR
a. Power AED on
b. Apply patches
i. Dry patient if wet
ii. Do not use AED if patient on wet surface
iii. Remove any visible medication patches
iv. Do not apply patches over Pacemaker
v. Pediatric patches for child, if available
vi. Do not allow patches to touch or overlap
c. Second rescuer clears patient, allowing AED to
analyze.
Switch rescuers
d. When AED prompts shockable rhythm, second
rescuer clears the patient again and delivers
shock
(Note: Responder must see to it that no one is
touching or connected to the patient before
depressing the shock button.)
Proper setup ensures proper functioning.
This placement ensures that the electrical
stimulus needs to travel only a short
distance to the heart.
Water or excessive sweat on a person’s
chest can interfere with a shock.
To prevent accidental shocking the
rescuers or bystanders.
To prevent accidental thermal burns from
the delivered shock.
To avoid damaging pacemaker from the
electrical shock.
For patient less than 8yrs. Old or less than
55 pounds (25kg)
Overlapping of patches could interfere with
the transmission of shock.
Standing clear of the bed and patient helps
prevent electrical shocks to personnel.
To minimize interruptions of CPR
To ensure no one is touching the patient
and avoid electrical shocks to personnel.
 e. Deliver Shock
f. Resume CPR starting with chest compressions
g. If AED states “No Shock Advised” resume CPR
starting with chest compressions
Both responders resume high-quality CPR
immediately after shock delivery
Second responder gives 30 compressions
immediately after shock delivery for 2 cycles.
First responder successfully delivers 2 breaths with
bag-mask for 2 cycles
An AED stop the heart from spasm by
shocking it. This allows the nerve impulses
a chance to resume their normal pattern,
which in turn, allows the heart to resume
beating at its normal pace.
Resuming CPR provides optimal
treatment. CPR preserves heart, and
neurologic function (based on AHA 2006
recommended guidelines). Even when a
shock eliminates the dysrhythmia, it may
take several minutes for a heart rhythm to
establish and even longer to achieve
perfusion.
No shock advise suggests that the victim
that you thought is pulseless does indeed
have a pulse, the victim has now regained
a pulse, or the victim is pulseless but is not
in a “shockable” rhythm
Resuming CPR provides optimal
treatment.
Resuming CPR provides optimal
treatment. CPR preserves heart, and
neurologic function (based on AHA 2006
recommended guidelines). Even when a
shock eliminates the dysrhythmia, it may
take several minutes for a heart rhythm to
establish and even longer to achieve
perfusion.
To facilitate delivery of ventilation with a
bag-mask device.

When prompted, allow AED to analyze heart rhythm
Deliver shock only when prompted by AED.
To check if the heart resumed to its normal
electrical rhythm, restoring a heartbeat.
A shock is only indicated if the victim’s
heart is in ventricular fibrillation (VF) or
ventricular tachycardia (VT)

References:
Castillo, J., Gomar, C., Higueras, E., & Gallart, A. (2017). Checklist-based scores overestimate competence in CPR
compared with recording strips of manikins in BLS courses. Resuscitation, 114, e17.
Aciu, J. L. A., Vladescu, J. C., Marano‐Frezza, K. E., Reeve, K. F., & Gravina, N. (2021). Teaching hands‐only CPR
using
behavioral skills training. Behavioral Interventions.