Presentation to Seatrade Cruise Global

GUIDELINES FOR CRUISE

TERMINALS

PIANC WG 152
 PIANC - Terms of reference WG152
Guide line for Cruise Terminals
The terms of reference were set up by the Maritime
Commission (Marcom) of PIANC in 2011 and they can be
summarized as follows:

• Port development planned according to the new

requirements of the cruise industry

• Accurate investigation of functional design of cruise

terminals and facilities

• Preliminary audit phase, technical visits on cruise

terminals, confrontation of experiences rules and
regulations and best practices

• Members of the group of different disciplines

• A useful report to countries with significant tourist

attraction and for those that want to promote cruises
 Members of the PIANC WG152

PIANC Working Group 152 comprises members around the world representing various
disciplines: port facility managers, port authorities, port terminal designers, and port
security experts from 5 different countries

These are:
§ Mr. David Pino (Spain) – Chairman of WG152
§ Mr. Tor Hellesen (Norway)
§ Mr. Gary Ledford (USA)
§ Mr. Andrew Pedrick McTigue (USA)
§ Mr. Arie Mol (Netherlands)
§ Mr. Jorge Nasarre (Spain)
§ Mr. Don Oates (USA)
§ Dott. Roberto Perocchio (Italy)
§ Ms. Carla Salvadó (Spain) – Secretary of
WG152
 Members of the PIANC WG152

PIANC Working Group 152 has been working hard for more than 4 years in the
development of the guideline.
§ During this time:

- Several meetings and visits

- Reviewing current state of the art
- Needs of modern cruise ships
- Study of the cruise market and port
facilities

§ The guideline was presented to the MarCom

Committee in Brussels last February with great
success.

§ Final document will be released in April 2016.

(www.pianc.org)
 Objectives of the Guideline

§ Provide a technical guideline for assisting the

development of cruise port facilities based on
the newest trends of cruise ships and industry.

§ The guideline covers all areas involved in the

operation of a cruise ship:
• waterside drivers
• apron area
• terminal building
• ground transportation area
• financial aspects
• security
 Contents of the guideline

Index

1. Preface
2. General Aspects
3. Waterside design
4. Apron area
5. Cruise terminal building
6. Ground transportation area
7. Financial aspects
8. Security
 Cruise Industry Outlook

• Cruise tourism – fastest growing sector of tourist industry

• Economic impact of $119.19 billion + 940.000 jobs (CLIA, 2014)

• Main Cruise destinations: Caribbean (37%), Mediterranean (20%), North Europe (11%), Australia
(6%)

• Main Cruise companies: Carnival (48%), RC (24%), NCL(11%), MSC (5%)

South America Cruise Destinations Cruise lines

3% Other regions Others Carnival
Caribbean MSC 12% Corporation
Asia 14%
37% 5% 48%
4% Norwegian
Cruise Lines
Alaska
11%
5%

Australia
6%
Royal
North Europe Caribbean
11% Mediterranean
20% Cruise Ltd
24%
 Cruise Industry Outlook

• Fleet of more than 300 cruise vessels and plus 41 being ordered

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 Cruise Industry Outlook

§ The cruise industry has experienced

incredible growth over the past decade.
MMM (More vessels, More Ports, More
destinations)

§ Trend for mega - cruises (+5,000 pax)

§ There has been an increase in the number

of cruise shipping lines and in their fleets
(the number and size of the ships).

§ In this evolving market context Ports have

developed an interest in advancing their
cruise activities
 Planning a cruise terminal

• Terminal spaces inside cruise terminal

• Type of Cruise terminals. :

 Waterside Design Drivers
Aspects defined are:
§ Vessel characteristics (dimensions, tonnage, overhanging decks, etc.)
Cruise ships are frequently classified by size, associated with a particular
commercial cruise line and not a more general industry-wide characterization
Example of cruise line: Royal Caribbean

LOA Draught Beam

ROYAL CARIBBEAN GRT
(m) (ft) (m) (ft) (m) (ft)

268.32 m 7.85 m 32.20 m

Sovereign class 73,192
(880 ft) (25.75 ft) (106 ft)
279.00 m 7.90 m 32.20 m
Vision class 78,340
(915 ft) (25.92 ft) (106 ft)
293.20 m 8.50 m 32.20 m
Radiance class 90,090
(962 ft) (27.89 ft) (106 ft)
311.12 m 9.10 m 38.60 m
Voyager class 137,276
(1,020 ft) (29.86 ft) (127 ft)
338.04 m 8.80 m 38.60 m
Freedom class 154,407
(1,112 ft) (28.87 ft) (127 ft)
347.17 m 8.82 m 41.40 m
Quantum class 168,666
(1,139 ft) (28.94 ft) (136 ft)
360.00 m 9.32 m 47.00 m
Oasis class 225,282
(1,181 ft) (30.57 ft) (154 ft)
 Waterside Design Drivers

Aspects defined are:

§ Navigation and berthing (channels, turning basins, prevailing winds, tides, weather
conditions, wave and current, berth length, etc.)

Turning basins

Overhanging decks – Oasis class

Berth length
 Waterside Design Drivers
Aspects defined are:

§ Mooring systems (configuration, bollard types,

load capacities)

§ Fender systems (configuration, fender types, load

capacities)

§ Structural factors (pier elevation, clearance under

keel, apron vertical load capacities)

§ Protection from propeller erosion

 Apron Area

The guideline defines recommendations in

the dimensions of the apron area for different
types of terminals depending on:

Operations:
- stevedoring (line-handling, baggage movement, processing of wastes)
- provisioning
- emergencies

Luggage loading Vessel provisions

 Apron Area – Vessel doors

§ Vessel doors are another important element influencing the apron area

Provisioning door Luggage door Utility door

 Apron Area - Gangways

Covers also designing criterias for gangways:

Fixed gangway Fixed telescoping gangway Mobile adjustable gangway Gangway system scheme

Design considerations: width of the pier, gangway geometric design, minimum walkway
clearance, disable persons, minimize obstructions to the apron service area, stability
during storm events, fully covered, construction materials, etc.
 Apron Area – Vessel utilities

Demand for utility services at cruise vessel:

§ Potable water
§ Communications
§ Bunkering
§ Sewage & biosolids
§ Garbage
§ Ballast water
§ Power – cold ironing
§ Potential future considerations – LNG

Shore power connection LNG barge

 Cruise terminal building

Cruise terminals can be divided into four categories based on their use, longevity,
adaptability and relationship within a context of adjacent development:

Temporary terminal Convertible building

Purpose-built terminal Mixed-use terminal

 Cruise terminal building

§ Programme

§ Flow diagrams

§ Building levels

Flow diagrams

Single storey Multi-storey

 Spaces inside a Cruise Terminal – Embarkation

• Entry
• Bag drop
• X-ray luggage scanners
• Security
• Ticketing (Check-in)
• Waiting area
• Boarding corridor
• Gangways
Spaces inside a Cruise Terminal – Disembarkation

• Gangways
• Boarding corridor
• CIQP
• Baggage lay down
• Customs
• Meet & greet
 Ground transportation area (GTA)

Following spaces are required:

§ Coaches Park
§ Taxi ranks
§ Kiss and ride
§ Parking
 8. Ground transportation area – Mobility
Patterns

When calculating the spaces required in the GTA area, the following issues should be
considered:

§ Type of cruise vessel operations

§ Port-city distance
§ Transport systems available
§ Other factors – local, regional and environmental considerations

For a first approach, a mobility study will be necessary.

 Financial aspects

Financial aspects considered in the guideline are:

• Business Plan

• Costs in infrastructure, operating & maintenance

• Source of revenues
 Security

§ SOLAs CHAPTER Xl-2 and the ISPS Code (IMO), December 2002

§ European regulations (EU Regulation 725/2004, EU Directive 2005/65, EU Regulation

324/2008) in European ports and the American regulations for US ports.

§ Cruise lines requirements (CVSSA 2010)

§ Port facility assessment plan

 Conclusions

§ There is a clear trend that cruise tourism has evolved into cruises of larger capacity
and with a more number of calls.

§ Cruise terminals must adapt to the new requirements: larger surfaces, better
maritime infrastructures, more accesses, etc.

§ The importance of this guideline lies in that is the first technical guide for the design
of a cruise terminal and its adjacent spaces according to the new market
requirements.

§ Guidelines provided are: waterside design areas, apron area, cruise terminal
building, ground transportation area, financial aspects and security.

§ Finally, it is important to note that each cruise port is different and has an unique
conditions. So this guideline has to be taken as a set of procedures to help to follow
in accordance with the own conditions of the Port to dimension the cruise terminal
spaces.