ee ‘REREEE Me aces: Agile Software Development Principles, Patterns, and Practices POMS A Lt Se A eR ES Pn RU lets HITE AoA Re 7 ° CSG EU ie PR xia aloha fe NRE Fe tT (C= ))Robert|CAMartiny. SB Hr FaeCG EG awd AM Bk Soe Cao ey PTs et Eee ae ee es ee ee ae ey DL Clea ci ee Lee 2rd id soca Sek ee | tite Mee eet hr eo Me bd CC eee ee to ; a Oe eee i a ae ets tee Eee Ghee CeCe ae Cl z ae ets Aes Se Re bert alate ce} ae Be ae ee bs st eb sisal g Li Pp ae a Srey eatem ya eet ree Pl os.) oe Ce tae et i de en Saal ee ge ey Labbe Teele a (Designing Object-Orient C++ Applications Using the Booch Method} RRC bess a a) Languages of Program Design 3} (Addison— Tues WAC) ee ae er are oe areal tetha eg teers c Peres et tars Cie Phe Me Ae ee ee es cle zi a Cane ta belt ae rege coed ens eS Me Ree tl te) See a bs eet bo eo be ee cei ai een -02197-7 9M D7 IM perSEP TIS BIA B i oe K PEFR BIW. BR GR (#) Robert C. Martin # Mh RE aR ke F MEAS MARL ORWoe ii a PATRI PETERE GAME T ALKA Robert C. Martin 2 44H aap UIE TESE AB TL AT SE EAT TI EDR PAS IR. SANE Pot LORIE RA A. DPS T ARAYA ELIE Peed PLA DHOOM MRE < ALTE SC RCA ATRL MGR. AAI, 1 T AL LTC C4 Tava RAR OR ACIEA T U8] 609) UML FU St Sex Decne ASOT RAF 2003 EARS 13 MAKHIPRE AR, EAHA eA A: tote A APPR LURE SA A RS ES, ME PEP RR AT 27H ‘Simplified Chinese edition copyright © 2008 by PEARSON EDUCATION ASIA LIMITED and TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY PRESS. Original English language title from Proprietor’s edition of the Work, Original English language tile: Agile Software Development: Principles, Patterns, and Practices, ‘ot Edition by Robert C. Martin, Copyright © 2003 EISBN: 0-13-597444-5 All Rights Resorved. Publishes by arrangement with the original publisher, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as, Pearson Education, Inc. This edition is authorized tor sale oniy in the People's Republic of China (exeluding the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong and Macao), As Ssh Sc 20¢K SH BRINE oH Pearson Education #2 6C40 748 RSE MNCL TET? LURES CEL LAE. BU UEDA LER MU ET. ies ANS KU BARA OUI HAP: 01-2002-5761 AAA BMA Pearson Tducation SARA NMEA MAG MTE, HERTS. REAR cote) BUR URCATTPDL: RR). Mist eRe CR Pa AER, Be, dt Cf RE BANB I¢4:K.Zs Agile Software Development: Principles, Pattern, and Practices ISBN 7-302.07197-7 LiMo HOY Baber Daier TIk MOAN WV TPSUL 52 SUL A TO COP HAS (2003) 38 078273 PEER Pa, 2003 OME ee Piha oh NORA eee ACE hucp../faww, cup. com. en 100084 HA BL, 0106270173, RPMS, O10-62776969 STH, RB NMI. (fae na &. te Boe BD. EE RMR RE ae, 185280 AIK, 31.25 MR. 2 PM # Wk. 20035 9 AGRI 2005 4 wR KSA BB, ISBN 7-302-07197-7/ TP + $238 MH. 1~S000 BR Hh 9.00MERA ASS AMER EY ERA BR AEARR, Boar ROMA AE, MURAL, KAA: RANE B Meat nec MAL MR e waMA xe BPAIE Ait emake Dia A A, fast esate SRBRLIA IME. JRA ARIA BA IME, Kent Beck James Grenning Robert C. Martin Mike Beedle Jim Highsmith Steve Mellor Arie van Bennekum Andrew Hunt Ken Schwaber Alistair Cockburn Ron Jeffries Jeff Sutherland Ward Cunningham Jon Kern Dave Thomas Martin Fowler Brian MarickU2 S Sa PUNE FRR: PAVE RAB RAF 0. HR RAT MEK RARE PE. BARS TPR, HWM RER. Mi R MAMEP MATER. BEART ALR, RAPA TAM URE, PAU A, RAPD BARAT ARE EDR AAR, LEAR MHRA CARA AE ALLE. SBA DAE AR 04 PRR AER AIR OR SACRA, HALE EAA IES ARLES APA SR. RAL A BOR PIL A A ES H RAGA HHARR. © LMA RGRMERL EH. RTARTA TRA, IEA. FT Rape Pp PLB AGB RET KR, BRM TRUE, FRR EMI HEME OAT DIR AT Bde IR AR A 7. RAR A RL LR A ER RAR AY, HAAR, GRAIL AT GMs AB. BRN, QAR AO A RAR LA ET BA, Weta greet Q CATA wT,SRP OcP LSP DIP IsP REP ccP CRP ADP SDP SAP OAT Rit A SRAM A-PRME, DERA—T IME EUMBA, FF ARN DARA CR. BOR BE) ART a, RATER. Liskov 38/5 2) FRB OR EBA ES INHRAD AGAR AOR LRAT OF BRT a. HORBRM KABBLEPRRECNAAMAX. HUBTEP, FATE PERAK BR. ERASER SIE RAR AA A. 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CESAR AEC LMS. a RP St RA BRR i>, LHR. BA BARE MID AT. RAS OIAOR EEE OE RL, PR RS ADEA ASR TPR, NAOT ESB) FTO, DRA RT OAL CRBS ATE, aA TRIN BHR Robert C, Martin 2003 £8 21‘The Beauty of Software Robert C. Martin's foreword for Agile Software Development Chinese Version Next to my family, software is my passion. It is a medium in which [try to create beauty. The beauty of software is in i's function, in i's internal structure, and in the way in which it is created by a team. Toa user, a program with just the right features presented through an intuitive and simple interface, is beautiful, ‘To a software designer, an intemal structure that is partitioned in a simple and intuitive manner, and that minimizes internal coupling, is beautiful, To developers and managers, a motivated team of developers ‘making significant progress every week, and producing defect-free code, is beautiful. There is beauty on all these levels, and they are all part of the topic of this book. How do software developers lear how to create this beauty? In this book I teach the principles, pattems, and practices that can help software developers take the first steps towards beautiful programs, designs, and teams. In these pages we explore basic design principle, common patterns in the structure of software design, and a set of practices that can help a team knit itself into a functioning whole. Since this ‘book is about software development, it contains a lot of code, The principles, patterns, and practices that this book teaches are Leamed most effectively by carefully studying that code. ‘Our world needs software -- lots of software, Fifly years ago software was something that ran in a few big and expensive machines. Thirty years ago it was something that ran in most companies and industrial settings. Now there is software running in our cell phones, watches, appliances, automobiles,toys, and tools. And need for new and better software never stops, As our civilization grows and expands, as developing nations build their infrastructures, as developed nations sitive to achieve ever greater efficiencies, the need for more and more software continues fo increase. It would be a great shame if, in all that software, there was no beauty. We know that software can be ugly. We know that it can be hard to use,unreliable, and carelessly structured. We know that there are software systems whose tangled and careless intemal structures make them expensive and difficult to change. We know that there are software systems that present their features through an awkward and cumbersome interface. We know that there are software systems that crash and mighehave. These ate uely systems, Unforninately, as a profession, software developers tend to create more ugly systems than beautiful ones, If you are rcading this book, then you are someone who ‘wants to create beauty and not ugliness. There is a secret that the best software developers know. Beauty is cheaper than ugliness. Beauty is faster than ugliness. A beantiful software system can be built and maintained in less time, and for less money, than an ugly one. Novice software developers don’t understand this. They think that they have to do everything fast and quick. They think that beauty is impractical. No! By doing things fast and quick, they make messes that make the software stiff, and hard (o understand. Beautiful systems are flexible and easy to understand, Building thom and maintaining them is a joy. It is ugliness that is impractical. Ugliness will slow you down and make your software expensive and brittle. Beautiful systems cost the least to build and maintain, and are detivered soonest. hope you enjoy this book. I hope you learn to take as much pride and joy in the creation of beautiful software that Ido. If this book can show you just an inkling of thet joy, motivate you to feel just the beginnings of that pride, and provide just a spark of appreciation for that beauty, then it has more thant accomplished my goal for itCEE IR HERP) ae Robert C. Martin HZ HUF CRATERED (Agile Software Development) *F SCM. BE POUR A ASL, RARE RETR, ATOR AE REE BATE YB PE. AAMT Aye HUMIRA 2002 “EM Jolt REBAR, BARA RS DOB BH AL Robert Cecil Martin SK (FFARR ID iH, 20 HEE 70 AEH, SABE MERE AT HIRE BA- ABM UNI RE, SMM RIS. a TA RHR ee R20 UES 90 FARA. Rational HEEL wy REFER Grady Booch HR Aine aE HE BT BORRLBIE AAT Booch OMIM ERE HB TPR, — RAUB HEIDE PEP AREA & AY Rational ROSE ARIA! E Revional 271}, Martin $4 AYSAREM AS Booch IRE MRO DUNE Re T eS HLM HHT HO SRIe S THRHE GT T AME. 1994 4F, Grady Booch MBSE Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications (ait, LEBIDY, Martin 8958 —A% HE Designing Object-Oriented C++ Application Using the Booch Method th Prentice Hall (HL. 3XAVA-57H 5 A, ATS T AMVRUD. 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MA. PLB CALI 2002 FR AG, RABAM. BARBRA! GOK AI EMT —AB IY “Agile Software Development” (ABR P ETE 22. MEK ASD) HI, BLARETiv RARER: RO RRA TR SAME Robert C, Martin, AH SOOBRT. WERT. ARM T! RAR ATE) Amazon 2 (eR BEA | Ait T— Atle 2 ka, RAE comp.object |.K Aa iil: “KIA Bob AREA CH 2 MBI ILE TIS? WAR Agile Software Development LEEALH? Flt money SE AERA? * HERA. Bob KARAS EA Dia), SLSR “mE PR” RAS Bob KAA ALRAEREGY. FUR, FIA PUMME % “Uncle Bob” RYE, fh EEN, IRA Agile Software Development RA BKBA BAIR 2. BALA, MED EAR eT, BRRA-ASG. RAEPAS WARES leva SHH, HA Bod ARARRE, BA SHAT NARR LOE BRT. OK, RAH AATRMIE? Bob ARE AMARA, RAUB. 2002 F 10 Hie, —K AEE T ROVE Lb —ASD HT, SURE RD ARBRA TS, BRE BA ER ARNE MBEES eh. Aik, BAR ORS aie OTT S AZ TB. IA 1995 FES | ATTA. SNARE AL LT 7 A TS, AT PS IRA 7 el}, SERA, WAAR, SRT, SDPO LAR! RAR RAAT OMREF bf, BATA RE! RABE, 2 TST RM, ANAL. RARTRPLDS YT, RESIN EAA ARDS T FR, PETE URAL SEZ HT. 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TERME R, AFD AMARA, TTLAE SE ase, AAA. 2S, EARS RL, AN RR AS. BIS aL NFPA WE AH AEM, AA ye Ae A fe ILA. PRIVEE. Robert C. Mortin 24: BENUIAy Atie SAO AA RL RAR, FRO Ne TRA A SE BUA. BRL. AE PR AR SOR (UR RT A 13 FB Jolt AR, HURS PAOT ABEBOT MOAT, REARS S ROT LIM AE, EA:HF vil © RE: BRUNE ATER RUE AIA, SPARK RRO AVE Ih BR ei © TANK: ADUAT 2TBAURRTAM, Ma Temi. RAR RLGT ALE A Ae On. HR RUE TS © RUPRGR. ATUBRAT 23 MOSTHRSR. FARTL ARINC. UHORRS EAC iaree sere AAPSRHRA, WARE ARMM LT RURAR AAR AMER, RAL Wp a Se Rh @ UML: A RARER [UML fi, (AE Tbe aT Ae OE, PEO Te UML (HSE aR BEET LER, IDT, AA HORE eT Hy Ret AA UML kT RA. eT STDS UML BET TST HZ. RE ECT LARAIIN). AYIA) UML. Sie oj dole aR, RAEN ER, RA TROT RE, ARAB. ‘Bid Robert C. Martin $67F HTS FT AMULET, HR UE. Ae HITS. RAYAREHDROEAR. JR $8, 2003.8.7 FL UB: © | ASEM Robert C. Martin S7ERALIRA Sat. TERA, ALU EMR a nae. © BWA AMAR RRRANHR SAE, (ATR RAR ARE TD, 0 AARRUMLARMAATAP-ARERSY, HIRAM A, MEARE HS, ORM ME, (ABRAM ER. 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Matt 4 Alexis RAFTS E ea REE ER, RA AEITE BAREIS.Bob, HHEPLEEBELAH EY, Claudia Frers, UML World, 1999 SURF (Agile Development) LF HBR AV RMT RETR I) . eT PRET PRUE, RANE HSM AC OER. RE TLR BRA ARTE. PYAR NO EEL IGUAL, EL RAT AG BEAR — me TE SY 4 A A I GRUNT. ABRIL AS 3 MRE EIR SAL ADAM RERM PAURIR, RSM NHS MRR EMC. REEMA, TRAM MBATERA CRRA, MRE ME. SEAR UR, PSSA HMA ABRAM, PRAT PRM ARE RT te RAMA MOT, KAR BL AT Rez ep APOE AEH Java CHAE. RAB ERENT OY SR, BATE L. KBFRAHME SE. RIRLADBAMAAOTM, ARAL ARENA, CAAT AT. AMARA, SE ELE RAR. STRATA WMS ERATRN BE AS. A, EK SARA BBA — RE AY ALR A ABMAMA RA RAL MT THe, SPR TES NRTA Bl. RETR 2G. AEB AT REE RR, SRN RR HEAR. HARE CH ROT. ‘Bik, Rae Ae PE ee UML (ER OE RE SME. J LORRI, BREE.x RRMA: RM, BAS RR Rbk A841 6 Fil, RAT --A& Hy: Designing Object-Oriented C++ Application using the Booch Method WH, SHRM HERE, HLEORR AAS RR. ATSTESRELALIP AD Designing -—-FbHV3R 2 MLA, (CBE RADAR OU. ALAS HR EH PUMA SADA. FS MEE TOR, PERT T RK. BORA PHU ASHRAM. 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BAS Sa WRRRBR—-B-- EDRF C “BMS BLA ANE mit ROMURAT Lowell Lindstrom, Brian Button, Erik Meade, Mike Hill, Michael Feather, Sim Newkirk, Micah Martin, Angelique Thouvenin Martin, Susan Rosso, Talisha Jefferson, Ron Jeffries, Kent Beck, Jeff Longr, David Farber, Bob Koss, James Grenning, Lange Welter, Pascal Roy, Martin Fowler, John Goodsen, Alan Apt, Paul Hodgetts, Phil Markgraf, Pete McBreen, 1.S.Lahman, Dave Marris, James Kanze, Mark Webster, Chris Biegay, Alan Francis, Fran Danicle, Patrick Lindner, Jake Warde, Amy Todd, Laura Stecle, William Pietr, Camille, Trentacoste, Vince O'Brien, Gregory Dulles, Lynda Castillo, Craig Larman, Tim Ottinger, Chris Lopez, Phil Goodwin, ‘Charles Toland, Robert Evans, John Roth, Debbie Utley, John Brewer, Russ Ruter, David Vyara Jan Snvith, Eric Evans, fc: Patterns Group 411948 —-4+A, Pete Brittinghain, Graham Perkins, Philp, U3 Richard MacDonald. SNAG: Pete MeBreen/McBreen Consulting, Bjame Stroustrup/AT&T Research Setphen J.Mellor/Projtech.com “MicalMartie/Objecct Mentor Inc. Brian Button/Object Mentor Inc. James Grening/Object Mentor inc. ERM Grady Booch Al Paul Becker AIPA PPG A RAAT Grady MM Object Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications 3 3 hi HABER Yt. SSIBIM Jack Reeves, IRA AAEM IC PPRRARARIBNIO “iT 2 Wit". BEREAIABA Erich Gamma 24 (SAU. Brich HED IR AIS Aa UE PST AMTEMY. PTH A YRPEAL Jennifer Knohnke S089. MAN LE RET Him ‘fi4PEAE Angela Dawn Matin Brooks UATE fEih, SERRA AIL, BARRA POR A-BAT AEE AITT ELM www.objectmentor.com/PPP FAX.RI KAASSE Robert C.Martin Robert C.Martin (Bob K&L) A 1970 FARRR—TAHSR, FILLE 1999 Et T RHE SUSAR). ftiAL Object Mentor 2a) A GAR, RAS Pa Ae abeiB BOA 46 CH. Javas NET. THIS. BK, UML, SHE (Agile) 22S RUREE (XP) IAL NE MAE CHES. 1995 4, Robert HS TWH 13: Designing Object Oriented C++ Applications using the Roach Method, 18-68 Prentice Hall HIS. 7 1996—1999 4, HABEE C+ Report HAS. 1997 4, HEAHIE Addison-Wesley tif) Pattern Language of Program Design 3 PAIAEM. 19995, (HAE EH Cambridge HMGELUMMEM More C1-+ Gems —15(8¢88. 2001 75, ft James Newkirk AEBS T iH Addison-Wesley AWE XP in Practice “1%. 2002 #7. PEARS RIE EAH REE CEH es I BR 5 SEHR Agile Software Development: Principles, Patterns, and Practices) —. 1553 Prentice Hall U6, JF 2002 EAE C36 13 Jai) RAK PRBS Volt) AM. LES PMT LER TSM, IAA S ROR ge ERM. EMER BRAD A.. James W. Newkirk James W. Newkirk JZ SPIT RTE IMIR. AAS 18 FATES, Ob ARR SIN PEBIMGEH) web IRS. thi Exvreme Programming in Practice WER L— RAB Addison- Wesley F 2001 # uit. A 2000 48 A LOK. fe“ FLHE.NET #823847 THE, fbENET H- TCMR TA NUNIT BFF ADT Robert S. Koss Robert S.Koss BLASER ARLHA 29. (AMT EN ME Tee Eh, Be SOMEOTLE , HAAS L AE o R H Sir. 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