CHANANA INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS

326, TILAK NAGAR, AMRITSAR

9888190610
THERMODYNAMICS

1) If a system undergoes contraction of volume, then the work a. 4.8 x 104 cal b. 3.5 x 104 cal
done by the system is: c. 1.6 x 104 cal d. 1.2 x 104 cal
a. positive b. negative
c. negligible d. zero 9) An ideal heat engine exhausting heat at 77 oC is to have a 30%
efficiency. It must take heat at:
2) In an isochoric change, there is no: a. 127oC b. 227oC
o
a. work done only c. 327 C d. 673oC
b. change in volume only
c. change in volume and work done 10) An ideal heat engine takes in 3000 kcal of heat from a
d. change in pressure reservoir at 627oC an gives it to a sink at 27 oC. The work done
by the engine is:
3) When 110 J of heat is added to a gaseous system, internal a. 4.2 x 106 J b. 8.4 x 106 J
6
energy increases by 40 J ; the amount of work done is: c. 16.8 x 10 J d. zero
a. 150 J b. 70 J
c. 110 J d. 40 J 11) An ideal gas is taken through a cyclic thermodynamical
process four steps. The amounts of heat involved in these steps
4) When heat is added to a system, which of the following is not are: Q1 = 5960 J, Q2 = - 5585 J, Q3 = - 2980 J, Q4 = 3645 J,
possible? respectively. The corresponding works involved are: W1 = 2200
a. Internal energy of the system increases J, W2 = 825 J, W3 = 1100 J, and W4 respectively. The value
b. Work is done by the system of W4 is:
c. Neither internal energy increases nor work is done by the a. 1315 J b. 275 J
system c. 765 J d. 675 J
d. internal energy increases and also work is done by the system
12) A motor-car tyre has a pressure of 2 atmosphere at 27 oC. It
5) We consider a thermodynamic system. If U represents the suddenly bursts. If (Cp/Cv) = 1.4 for air, find the resulting
increase in its internal energy and W the work done by the temperature:
system, which of the following statements is true? a. 27 K b. 27oC
a. U =  W is an isothermal process c. – 27oC d. 246oC
b. U =  W is an isothermal process
c. U =  W is an adiabatic process 13) A gas is compressed at a constant pressure of 50 N/m2 from a
d. U =  W is an adiabatic process volume of 10 m3 to a volume of 4 m3. Energy of 100 J is then
added to the gas by heating. Its internal energy is:
6) If the ratio of specific heats of a gas at constant pressure to a. increased by 400 J b. increased by 200 J
that at constant volume is  , the change in internal energy of the c. increased by 100 J d. decreased by 200 J
given mass of gas, when the volume changes from V to 2V at
constant pressure P is: 14) The slopes of isothermal and adiabatic curves are related as:
a. R/ ( 1 ) b. PV a. isothermal curve slope = adiabatic curve slope
c. PV/ ( 1 ) d. RV/ ( 1 ) b. isothermal curve slope =  x adiabatic curve slope
c. adiabatic curve slope =  x isothermal curve slope
7) A Carnot engines uses first an ideal monoatomic gas ( = 5/3) d. adiabatic curve slope = 1/2 x isothermal curve slope
and then an ideal diatomic gas ( = 7/5) as its working substance.
The source and sink temperatures are 411oC and 60oC 15) For an adiabatic expansion of a perfect gas, the value of
respectively and the engine extracts 1000 J of heat from the P/P is equal to :
source in each cycle. Then: V
a. the efficiencies of the engine in the two cases are in the ratio a. b.  V
V V
21 : 25
b. the area enclosed by the P – V diagram in the first case only
21 : 25 c.   V d. 2 V
c. the area enclosed by the P – V diagram in both cases in 500 J V V
d. the heat energy rejected by the engine in the first case is 600 J 16) A Carnot engine works first between 200oC and 0oC and then
while that in the second case is 714.3 J between 0oC and - 200oC. The ratio of its efficiency in these two
cases is:
8) An ideal gas heat engine operates in Carnot’s cycle between a. 1.0 b. 0.721
227oC and 127oC. It absorbs 6.0 x 104 cal at higher temperature. c. 0.577 d. 0.34
The amount of heat converted into work is equal to:
17) The pressure and density of a diatomic gas ( = 7/5) change 27) A Carnot’s reversible engine converts 1/6 of heat input into
adiabatically from (P, ) to (P, ). If (P / P) = 32, (/ ) work. When the temperature of the sink is reduced by 62 K, the
should be equal to: efficiency of Carnot’ cycle becomes (1/3). The temperature of
a. (1/128) b. 32 the source and the sink, in degree Kelvin, are respectively:
c. 128 d. none of these a. 372, 310 b. 472, 410
c. 310, 372 d. 744, 682
18) In an adiabatic change, the pressure P and temperature T of a 28) A given system undergoes a change in which the work one
diatomic gas are related by the relation P TC , where C is by the system equals the decrease in its internal energy. The
a. 5/3 b. 2/5 system must have undergone an:
c. 3/5 d. 7/2 a. isothermal change b. adiabatic change
c. isobaric change d. isochoric change
19) By opening the door of a refrigerator inside a closed room:
a. you can cool the room to a certain degree 29) One mole of an ideal gas at an initial temperature of TK does
b. you can cool it to the temperature inside the refrigerator 6R joules of work adiabatically. If the ratio of specific heats of
c. you ultimately warm the room slightly this gas at constant pressure and at constant volume is 5/3, the
d. you can neither cool nor warm the room final temperature of gas will be:
a. . (T + 24) K b. (T – 2. 4) K
20) 540 calories of heat convert 1 cubic centimetre of water at c. (T + 4) K d. ( T – 4) K
100oC into 1671 cm 3 of steam at 100oC. Then the work done
against atmospheric pressure is nearly: 30) Two cylinder A and B fitted with pistons contain equal
a. 540 cal b. 40 cal amounts of an ideal diatomic gas at 300 K. The piston of A is
c. zero cal d. 500 cal free to move while that of B is held fixed. The same amount of
heat is given to the gas in each cylinder. If the rise in temperature
21) When an ideal diatomic gas is heated at constant pressure the of the gas in A is 30 K, then the rise in temperature of the gas in
fraction of the heat energy supplied which increases the internal B is:
energy of the gas is: a. 30 K b. 18 K
a. 2/5 b. 3/5 c. 50 K d. 42 K
c. 3/7 d. 5/7
31) Two identical containers A and B with frictionless pistons
contain the same ideal gas at the same temperature and the same
22) For a certain gas, the ratio of specific heats is given by  =
volume V. The mass of gas in A is m A and that in B is mB. The
1.5 for this gas:
gas in each cylinder is now allowed to expand isothermally to
3R 3R the same final volume 2V. The changes in pressure in A and B
a. Cu = b. CP =
J J are found to be P and 1.5 P respectively. Then:
a. 4mA = 9mB b. 2mA = 3mB
5R 5R
c. CP = d. Cv = c. 3mA = 2mB d. 9mA = 4mB
J J
23) Temperature of argon kept in a vessel is raised by 1 oC at 32) An ideal Carnot engine, whose efficiency is 40%, receives
constant volume. Heat supplied to the gas may be taken partly as heat at 500 K. If its efficiency is 50% then the intake temperature
(i) translational and partly (ii) rotational kinetic energies. Their for the same exhaust temperature is:
respective shares are: a. 600 K b. 700 K
a. 60% , 40% b. 50 %, 50% c. 800 K d. 900 K
c. 100 %, zero d. 40% , 60%
33) The efficiency of Carnot engine is 50% and temperature of
24) The equation of state, corresponding to 8 kg of O2 is: sink is 500 K. If the temperature of source is kept constant and
a. PV = RT b. PV = 8RT its efficiency is to be raised to 60%, then the required
RT temperature of sink will be:
RT
c. RV = d. PV = 4 a. 600 K b. 500 K
2
c. 400 K d. 100 K
25) Ratio of Cp and Cv depends upon temperature according to
the following relation: 34) P-V plots for two gases during adiabatic processes are
a.   T b.   (1/ T) shown in the fig. Plots 1 and 2 should correspond respectively to:
c.   T d.   To P

26) If the internal energy does not depend on the path, then the
process is called:
a. isothermal b. adiabatic 1
c. both (a) and (b) d. none of these 2
V

a. He and O2 b. O2 and He
c. He and Ar d. O2 and N2
 43) An ideal monatomic gas at 27oC is compressed adiabatically
5
35) A gas under constant pressure of 4.5 x 10 Pa when subjected to 8/27 times of its present volume. The increase in temperature
to 800 kJ f heat, changes the volume from 05 m 3 to 2.0 m3 . The of the gas is:
change in internal energy of the gas is: a. 402oC b. 375oC c. 475oC d. 175oC
a. 6.75 105 J b. 5.25 x 105 J 44) A sample of ideal monatomic gas is taken round the cycle
5
c. 3.25 10 J d. 1.25 x 105 J ABCA as shown in the fig. The work done during the cycle is:

36) A carnot engine operates between 327oC and 27oC. How B (4P, 3V)
much heat (in joules) does it take from the 327 oC reservoir for P
every 100 J of work doen?
a. 100 J b. 200 J A C(P, 3V)
c. 300 J d. 400 J (P,V)

37) 1 mole of a gas having  = 7/5 is mixed with 1 mole of a gas a. zero b. 3 PV c. 6PV d. 9 PV
having  = 4/3. What will be the  for the mixture? 45) The fig. shows P – V diagram of a thermodynamic cycle.
Which corresponding curve is correct?
a. 5 b. 15 P
11 13
B C
c. 15 d. 5
11 13
38) A gas ( = 1.3) is at a pressure 10 5 N/m2 in a vessel A D
surrounded by non-conducting medium and having a non-
V
conducting piston. The volume becomes half of its initial value
by suddenly pressing the piston. Then calculate the pressure a. b.
afterwards: P V
a. 20.7 x 105 N/m2 b. 21.3 x 105 N/m2 B C D C
1.4 5 2
c. 2 x 10 N/m d. none of these
A D A B
39) The heat energy absorbed by a system in going through a
cyclic process shown in fig. is:
O T O T
c. d.
30 P P
A D D C
A B
10
B C
10 30
O T O T
a. 10  J
3
b. 102  J c. 10  J
4
d. 10  J
7

41) A gas is expanded from volume Vo to 2 Vo under three 46) The P – V diagram for a thermodynamic system is shown in
different processes Process 1 is isobaric process, process 2 is fig. The work done by the system in the process A to B is
isothermal and process 3 is adiabatic. Let U1 , U2 and U3 be
the change in internal energy of the gas in these three processes. 20 A
Then P
P 1 C B
(in Nm2)

Po 10
2 6 12
(in m3)
V
3 a. 90 J b. 60 J
c. Zero d. 30 J
V 47) In the cyclic process shown on the P – V diagram the
Vo 2Vo magnitude of the work done is
a. U1 > U2 > U3 b. U1 < U2 < U3 V
c. U2 < U1 < U3 d. U2 < U3 < U1
V2
42) During an adiabatic process, the pressure of a gas is
proportional to the cube of its absolute temperature. The value of
Cp/Cv for the gas is: V1
a. 3/5 b. 4/3
c. 5/3 d. 3/2
O P1 P2 P
 2 2 54) When a system is taken through the process abc, 80 cal of
a.  P2 – P1 b.  V2 –V1 heat is absorbed by the system and 60 cal of work is done by it.
2 2 If the system is taken through adc, 30 cal of heat is absorbed,
 then the work done by the system is:
c. (P2 – P1) (V2 – V1) d.  (P2 V2  P1 V1)
4

48) A thermally insulated rigid container contains an ideal gas. It P d c

is heated through a resistance of 100  by passing a current of 1
A for the minutes, then change in internal energy of the gas is:
a. 0 kJ b. 30 kJ c. 10 kJ d. 20 kJ a b

49) Three moles of an ideal monoatomic gas perform a cycle as V

shown in the fig. The gas temperature in different states are : T 1 a. 10 cal b. 20 cal c 30 cal d. 40 cal
= 400 K, T2 = 800 K, T3 = 2400 K and T4 = 1200 K. The work
done by the gas during the cycle is: 55) A cyclic process ABCD is shown in the fig., P-V diagram.
Which of the following curves represent the same process?

A B
P 2 3
D P C
1 4
D
T V
a. 10 kJ b. 20 kJ
c. 5 kJ d. 8.3 kJ a. b.
A B A B
50) The temperature-entropy diagram of a reversible engine
cycle is given in the fig. Its efficiency is: P C V C
D D
T
2To T T
c. d.
B A B
To
S A
So 2So P p
a. 1/3 b. 2/3 D C D C
c. 1/2 d. ¼
T T
51) The molar specific heat at constant pressure of an ideal gas is 56) An ideal monoatomic gas is taken around the cycle ABCD as
(7/2) R. The ratio of specific heat at constant pressure to that at shown in the P – V diagram. The work done during the cycle is
constant volume is: given by:
a. 9/7 b. 7/5 P
c. 8/7 d. 5/7 2P,V 2P,2V
d c
52) The work of 146 kJ is performed in order to compress one
a b
kilo mole of gas adiabatically and in this process the temperature
P,V P, 2V
of the gas increase by 7oC. The gas is: (R = 8.3 J mol1 k1)
V
a. monoatomic b. diatomic
a. 1/2 PV b. PV
c. triatomic
c. 2PV d. 4PV
d. a mixture of monoatomic and diatomic
57) An ideal gas expands along the path AB as shown in the P –
53) Two rigid boxes containing different ideal gases are placed
V diagram. The work done is
on a table. Box A contains one mole of nitrogen at temperature
P (Pa)
To , while box B contains one mole of helium at temperature
(7/3) To . The boxes are then put into thermal contact with each 8 B

other and heat flows between them until the gases reach a
common final temperature (Ignore the heat capacity of boxes). 4 A
The, the final temperature of the gases, Tf , in terms of To is: V(m3)
5 3 0 0.3 0.5
a. Tf = T b. Tf = T a. 4 x 104 J b. 1.2 x 105 J
2 o 7 o
c. 2.4 x 105 J d. none of the above
7 3
c. Tf = T d. Tf = T
3 o 2 o
58) A closed gas cylinder is divided into two parts by a piston
held tight. The pressure and volume of gas in two parts c. d.
B A B
respectively are (P, 5V) and (10P, V). If now the piston is left
A
free and the system undergoes isothermal process, then the
volume of the gas in two parts respectively are: P p
a. 2V, 4V b. 3V, 3V D C D C
c. 5V, V d.. 4V, 2V

59) A Carnot engine, having an efficient of  = 1/10 as heat 64) A monoatomic gas at a pressure P, having a volume V
engine, is used as a refrigerator. If the work done on the system
expands isothermally to a volume 2 V and then adiabatically to a
is 10 J, the amount of energy absorbed from the reservoir at
lower temperature is: 5
volume 16 V. The final pressure of the gas is (take γ = )
a. 100 J b. 99 J 3
c. 90 J d. 1 J
(1) 64 P (2) 32 P
60) A thermodynamic process is shown in the following fig. The
pressures and volumes corresponding to some points in the
figure are:
B C

P
A D
O V
P
(3) (4) 16 P
PA = 3 x 104 Pa , VA = 2 x 103 m3 , 64
PB = 8 x 104 Pa , VD = 5 x 103 m3,
In the process AB, 600 J of heat is added to the system and in the 65) A cyclic process is shown in the P-T diagram. Which of the
process BC, 200 J of heat is added to the system. The change in curves show the process on a V-T diagram?
internal energy of the system in the process AC would be:
a. 560 J b. 800 J B
c. 600 J d. 640 J
61) Carbon monoxide is carried around a closed cycle abc, in P
which bc is an isothermal process, as shown in the fig. The gas A C
absorbs 7000 J of heat, as its temperature increased from 300 K O T
to 1000K in going from a to b. The quantity of heat ejected by a. b.
the gas during the process ca is: B C B A

V V
P2 b
A C
O T O T
c. d.
P1 a C
C C
V1 V2 V V
a. 4200 J b. 5000 J A B A B
c. 9000 J d. 9800 J O T O T
63) A cyclic process ABCD is shown in the fig., P-V

A B

P C

Which of the following curves represents the same process?

a. b.
A B A B

P C V C
D D
T T