MESSAGE IN A BOTTLE TURN OF THE SCREW FRANKENSTEIN

FAMILIAR APPROACH FAMILIAR APPROACH FAMILIAR APPROACH

Milieu: Jeanette Winterson (1959) Milieu: Henry James (1843-1916) Milieu: Mary Shelley (1797-1851)
 Title Race: TOTS was written in 1898  Mary’s anxieties
Moment and Race: Postmodernism Moment: Modern novel Moment: 1818
- Multiple focalization - Multiplicity of focalization  Enlightenment
- Few characters and focus on one central character - Free off interpretation
- Self-characterization - Subjective Genre: elements of an epistolary novel, Romanticism,
- Unreliable narrator - Unreliable narrator and Gothic.
- Intertextuality - Psychological

Genre: short story Victorian era

Genre: gothic novel

STRUCTURALIST APPROACH – NARRATOLOGY STRUCTURALIST APPROACH – NARRATOLOGY STRUCTURALIST APPROACH – NARRATOLOGY

Aristotle’s key elements of the plot Aristotle’s key elements of the plot Aristotle’s key elements of the plot
 Hamartia  Hamartia  Hamartia
 Anagnorisis  Anagnorisis  Anagnorisis
 Peripeteia  Peripeteia  Peripeteia

Narrative mode: Narrative mode: Narrative mode:

- Diegetic mode - Mimetic mode - Mimetic mode
- Mimetic mode - Diegetic mode - Diegetic mode

Narration and Focalization Packaging: Packaging:

- Susan - Frame narrative - Frame narrative
- 3rd person narrator / External narrator - Embedded narrative - Embedded narrative
 Single-ended - Another embedded narrative
Setting  Double-ended
Narration and Focalization
- Anonymous guest / Unnamed narrator Narration and Focalization
- Douglas - Walton
- The governess - Victor Frankenstein
- Monster

PSYCHOLOGICAL CRITICISM PSYCHOLOGICAL CRITICISM PSYCHOLOGICAL CRITICISM

FREUD FREUD FREUD
The Tripartite Psyche - Non-apparitionist perspective The Tripartite Psyche
- Taking into account Susan’s character - Taking into account characters
- Taking into account characters The Tripartite Psyche - Taking into account Victor’s character

The importance of dreams Sexuality – Symbols: tower and lake The importance of dreams
 Condensation
CARL JUNG CARL JUNG  Displacement
Common archetypes: Water Archetypes that compose the self: - Oedipus Complex
 The shadow
Archetypes that compose the self:  The anima The significance of sexuality
 The shadow  The persona
 The anima - Individuation Symbols: moon, mountains, lake and river
 The persona
JACQUES LACAN CARL JUNG
- Symbolic Order Archetypes that compose the self:
 The shadow
 The anima
 The persona

JACQUES LACAN
- Real Order
- Imaginary Order
- Symbolic Order

FEMINIST CRITICISM FEMINIST CRITICISM FEMINIST CRITICISM

- The three waves of feminism: third wave
- 3 phases/stages in the history of women’s writing:
Female phase (1920 - onwards)
- Feminist story with an independent female - 3 phases/stages in the history of women’s writing:
protagonist feminine phase (1840-1880)
- Some aspects are definitely un-feminist or
completely patriarchal: - Women destruction
 Creating a frame narrative
 Stereotypical and predictable role - Feminist critique of science
 No name
 Opinion or desire of her own
 Public and domestic worlds
 Children

- 3 phases/stages in the history of women’s writing:

Feminist phase (1880 - 1920)

- The three waves of feminism: first wave

 THEMES, MOTIFS AND SYMBOLS THEMES, MOTIFS AND SYMBOLS
Themes: Themes:
 The Corruption of the Innocent  Dangerous Knowledge
 The Destructiveness of Heroism  Monstrosity
 Forbidden Subjects  Failure as parent
 Ambition
Motifs:
 Silence Motifs:
 Abortion
Symbols:
 Light Symbols:
 The Written Word  Light and Fire